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I n t r o d u c t i o n t o I n f o r m a t i o n S y s t e m s Tenth EditionJames A. O’Brien

1

I n t r o d u c t i o n t o I n f o r m a t i o n S y s t e m s Tenth EditionJames A. O’Brien

C h a p t e r

6

Irwin/McGraw-Hill Copyright © 2001, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

Telecommunications and

Networks

Irwin/McGraw-Hill Copyright © 2001, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

I n t r o d u c t i o n t o I n f o r m a t i o n S y s t e m s Tenth EditionJames A. O’Brien

2 Chapter Objectives

• Identify several major developments and trends in the industries, technologies, and applications of telecommunications and networks.

• Identify the basic components, functions, and types of telecommunications networks.

• Explain the functions of major types of telecommunications network hardware and media.

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I n t r o d u c t i o n t o I n f o r m a t i o n S y s t e m s Tenth EditionJames A. O’Brien

3 Trends in Telecommunications

More electronic commerce, enterprise collaboration,online business operations and strategic advantage in markets

More vendors, carriers, alliances, and network services, accelerated by deregulation & Internet growth

Extensive Internet, interconnected local & global digital networks, improved transmission channels

Industry Trends

Technology Trends

Application Trends

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I n t r o d u c t i o n t o I n f o r m a t i o n S y s t e m s Tenth EditionJames A. O’Brien

4 Telecommunications Strategic Capabilities

Overcome Geographic Barriers: Capture information about business transactions from remote locations.Overcome Geographic Barriers: Capture information about business transactions from remote locations.

Overcome Time Barriers: Provide information to remote locationsimmediately after it is requested.Overcome Time Barriers: Provide information to remote locationsimmediately after it is requested.

Overcome Cost Barriers: Reduce the cost of more traditional means of communications.Overcome Cost Barriers: Reduce the cost of more traditional means of communications.

Overcome Structural Barriers: Support linkages for competitive advantage.Overcome Structural Barriers: Support linkages for competitive advantage.

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I n t r o d u c t i o n t o I n f o r m a t i o n S y s t e m s Tenth EditionJames A. O’Brien

5 Internet Applications

E-mail

InternetRelayChat

Telnet

Search Engines

E-CommerceFile

TransferProtocol (FTP)

Popular Uses of the

Internet

Popular Uses of the

Internet

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I n t r o d u c t i o n t o I n f o r m a t i o n S y s t e m s Tenth EditionJames A. O’Brien

6 Basic Components in a Telecommunications Network

TelecommunicationsSoftware

TelecommunicationsSoftware

1

2 3

4

52

PCs, NCs, and Other Terminals

ComputersTelecommunicationsChannels and Media

TelecommunicationsProcessors

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I n t r o d u c t i o n t o I n f o r m a t i o n S y s t e m s Tenth EditionJames A. O’Brien

7 Wide Area Networks

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I n t r o d u c t i o n t o I n f o r m a t i o n S y s t e m s Tenth EditionJames A. O’Brien

8 Local Area Networks

NetworkServer

NetworkServer

Shared Database and

Software Packages

SharedPrinter

PCPC

PC PC PC

Internetwork Processor to Other Networks

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I n t r o d u c t i o n t o I n f o r m a t i o n S y s t e m s Tenth EditionJames A. O’Brien

9 Other E-Business Networks

Router

IntranetServer

Host System

IntranetServer

TheInternet

Fire wall

Fire wall

RouterExtranet

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I n t r o d u c t i o n t o I n f o r m a t i o n S y s t e m s Tenth EditionJames A. O’Brien

10 Client/Server Networks and Network Computing

NetworkServer

NetworkServer

Host SystemSuperserverHost SystemSuperserver

Client

User InterfaceApplication Processing

Application ControlDistributed Database

Central database controlHeavy duty processing

ServerServer ServerServer

NetPC

Browser-basedUser Interface

Web OSApplication Software

Application

DBMS

DB

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I n t r o d u c t i o n t o I n f o r m a t i o n S y s t e m s Tenth EditionJames A. O’Brien

11 Telecommunications Communication Media

• Twisted Pair

• Coaxial Cable

• Fiber Optics

• Terrestrial Microwave

• Communication Satellites

• Cellular Technologies

• Wireless LAN

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I n t r o d u c t i o n t o I n f o r m a t i o n S y s t e m s Tenth EditionJames A. O’Brien

12 Telecommunications Processors and Software

• Modems• Multiplexers• Internetwork

Processors– Switches– Routers– Hubs– Gateways

• Fire walls

• Network Operating System

• Telecommunications Monitor

• Middleware• Network Management

Software

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I n t r o d u c t i o n t o I n f o r m a t i o n S y s t e m s Tenth EditionJames A. O’Brien

13 Network Topologies

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I n t r o d u c t i o n t o I n f o r m a t i o n S y s t e m s Tenth EditionJames A. O’Brien

14 Network Protocols: The OSI Architecture

Application LayerApplication Layer

Presentation LayerPresentation Layer

Session LayerSession Layer

Transport LayerTransport Layer

Network LayerNetwork Layer

Data Link LayerData Link Layer

Physical LayerPhysical Layer

SevenLayers ofthe OSICommunicationsArchitecture

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I n t r o d u c t i o n t o I n f o r m a t i o n S y s t e m s Tenth EditionJames A. O’Brien

15 The Internet’s TCP/IP

Application orProcess Layer

Internet Protocol (IP)

Host-to-Host Transport Layer

Network Interface

Physical Layer

ApplicationLayer

PresentationLayer

SessionLayer

TransportLayer

NetworkLayer

Data LinkLayer

PhysicalLayer

OS

I M

od

el

Irwin/McGraw-Hill Copyright © 2001, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

I n t r o d u c t i o n t o I n f o r m a t i o n S y s t e m s Tenth EditionJames A. O’Brien

16 Chapter Summary

• Organizations are becoming internetworked enterprises that use the Internet, intranets, and other telecommunications networks to support E-Business.

• Telecommunications has entered a deregulated and fiercely competitive environment with many vendors, carriers, and services

• A major trend is towards pervasive use of the Internet and its technologies to build interconnected enterprise and global networks.

Irwin/McGraw-Hill Copyright © 2001, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

I n t r o d u c t i o n t o I n f o r m a t i o n S y s t e m s Tenth EditionJames A. O’Brien

17 Chapter Summary (cont)

• The major components of any telecommunications network are: – Terminals,– Telecommunications processors, – Communication channels, – Computers, and – Telecommunications software.

• There are several basic types of telecomm networks, including wide area networks (WANs) and local area networks (LANs).

Irwin/McGraw-Hill Copyright © 2001, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

I n t r o d u c t i o n t o I n f o r m a t i o n S y s t e m s Tenth EditionJames A. O’Brien

18 Chapter Summary (cont)

• Key telecommunications network alternatives include telecommunications media, processors, software, channels, and architectures.