challenges to sustainability in florida dr. norm leppla uf/ifas - ipm florida sysco 2008 sustainable...
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Challenges to SustainabilityChallenges to Sustainability in Florida in Florida
Dr. Norm LepplaDr. Norm Leppla
UF/IFAS - IPM FloridaUF/IFAS - IPM Florida
SYSCO 2008 Sustainable Ag/IPM SYSCO 2008 Sustainable Ag/IPM Conference & Farm TourConference & Farm Tour
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1845 Florida 271845 Florida 27thth state (pop. 100,000) state (pop. 100,000) 1896 First train arrived in Miami1896 First train arrived in Miami 1898 Spanish American War1898 Spanish American War 1910 Citrus canker in Florida 1910 Citrus canker in Florida 1918 WWI land boom1918 WWI land boom 1929 Great Depression1929 Great Depression 1945 WWII military &1945 WWII military & industrialindustrial
developmentdevelopment
Florida Agriculture:Florida Agriculture: Historical AffectsHistorical Affects
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History of Host History of Host Agricultural OrganizationsAgricultural Organizations
1964 IFAS established (UF 1862)1964 IFAS established (UF 1862) 1970 EPA established1970 EPA established 1972 Glades Crop Care founded1972 Glades Crop Care founded 1998 IPM Institute of North America formed1998 IPM Institute of North America formed 2001 IPM Florida established2001 IPM Florida established 2003 Southern Region IPM Center funded2003 Southern Region IPM Center funded 2004 SYSCO Sustainable Ag/IPM Program2004 SYSCO Sustainable Ag/IPM Program
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Florida Agricultural StatisticsFlorida Agricultural Statistics
Population ~10 million (1980) , ~19 million (2007)Population ~10 million (1980) , ~19 million (2007) Number of principal farmers & farms ~ 44 thousandNumber of principal farmers & farms ~ 44 thousand Average farm size 244 acresAverage farm size 244 acres Average age of farmers ~57Average age of farmers ~57 Female principal farmers ~20 %Female principal farmers ~20 % Land Area ~ 54 thousand miLand Area ~ 54 thousand mi22 Land in farms 10,000,000 acres (15 thousand miLand in farms 10,000,000 acres (15 thousand mi22)) Vegetables 181,600 acresVegetables 181,600 acres
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Sales of Florida VegetablesSales of Florida VegetablesVegetables, melons, potatoes ~1 billion salesVegetables, melons, potatoes ~1 billion sales
Mill
ion
s
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Change:Change:
Good forGood for
someonesomeone
else!else!
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Growth of MiamiGrowth of Miami
1896 in Lobby Pool 1896 in Lobby Pool RoomRoom ~400 people ~400 people incorporate Miamiincorporate Miami
Miami-Dade County Miami-Dade County Population ~2.3 millionPopulation ~2.3 million
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Miami-Miami-DadeDade
EvergladesEverglades
Limited Land for Vegetables
Lake Lake OkeechobeeOkeechobee
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Principle areas- winter fresh
vegetables
Millions of citrus trees by county
10 5 1 <1 <100,000
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Potential Threats to Vegetable Potential Threats to Vegetable Production & MarketingProduction & Marketing
Food borne illnesses Food borne illnesses Land availability and useLand availability and use Labor and immigrationLabor and immigration Water quality and quantity Water quality and quantity Higher operating costs (fuel)Higher operating costs (fuel) New plant pests and diseasesNew plant pests and diseases
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Potential Threats to Vegetable Potential Threats to Vegetable Production & MarketingProduction & Marketing
Loss of pesticidesLoss of pesticides Offshore competitionOffshore competition Damaging weatherDamaging weather Population GrowthPopulation Growth EnvironmentalismEnvironmentalism Government “assistance”Government “assistance”
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Opportunities for Sustainable Opportunities for Sustainable Vegetable ProductionVegetable Production
Research innovationsResearch innovations Extension deliveryExtension delivery Rapid information exchangeRapid information exchange Weather forecastingWeather forecasting Education and training Education and training
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Opportunities for Sustainable Opportunities for Sustainable Vegetable ProductionVegetable Production
Cooperative marketingCooperative marketing Local marketsLocal markets Novel productsNovel products Grower associationsGrower associations Government “assistance”Government “assistance” Food safety partnershipsFood safety partnerships
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Sustainability of Sustainability of AgricultureAgriculture
Economic profitabilityEconomic profitability
Environmental healthEnvironmental health
Social and economic well-beingSocial and economic well-being
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Agricultural Sustainability Agricultural Sustainability Through IPMThrough IPM
SustainabilitySustainability
Cultural MethodsCultural Methods
Biological ControlBiological Control
Chemical ControlChemical Control
Physical MethodsPhysical Methods
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Non-Sustainable WeedNon-Sustainable Weed Control- Leppla Residence Control- Leppla Residence
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REDUCE RISK…
• Pest outbreaks & disease epidemics
• Environmental contamination
• Human health hazards
• Pest mgmt. costs
IPM SystemINCREASE…
• Reliability
• Sustainability
Cultural Methods
Biological Control
Chem
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What is IPM?What is IPM?
IPM is theIPM is the coordinatedcoordinated use of pest use of pest and environmentaland environmental informationinformation andand availableavailable pest controlpest control methodsmethods….….
toto prevent prevent unacceptableunacceptable levels levels of of pest damage by the mostpest damage by the most economical economical means….means….
with thewith the least possible hazardleast possible hazard to to people, property and the people, property and the environment.environment.
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ScoutingScouting
DiagnosisDiagnosis
ThresholdsThresholds
ManagementManagement
EvaluationEvaluation
IPM ActionsIPM Actions
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Biological knowledgeBiological knowledge Monitoring and inspectionMonitoring and inspection Act to control pests when necessaryAct to control pests when necessary Choose least-risk options Choose least-risk options Long-term, preventative practicesLong-term, preventative practices Evaluation and recordsEvaluation and records Pesticide managementPesticide management Continual improvementContinual improvement
Generic IPM ProgramGeneric IPM Program
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Evaluating IPM PracticesEvaluating IPM Practices
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Eco-labeling Components
Chain of CustodyStandards
Certification
Marketing
3rd PartyAuditor
Education & Outreach
Eco-LabelEco-Label
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Eco-labels
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Eco-labeling Costs and Benefits EVALUATION
EDUCATION
QUALITY ASSURANCE
IMPLEMENTATION
SAVE $ ON PRODUCTION
HIGHER VALUE COMMODITY
LIABILITY PROTECTION
ENVIRON. STEWARDSHIP
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Shared Goal:Shared Goal: for on-farm production, for on-farm production, post-harvest handling and processing, post-harvest handling and processing, distribution, retail and food-service distribution, retail and food-service operations-- to provide the safest operations-- to provide the safest possible fresh fruits and vegetables to possible fresh fruits and vegetables to consumers-- through wise, consistent, consumers-- through wise, consistent, scientific and industry-wide best scientific and industry-wide best practices (Citrus and Vegetable practices (Citrus and Vegetable Magazine)Magazine)
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