Cultures Clash Chapter 13. Section I

Indians WIN ! ! ! ! !

Battle of Little Big Horn, 1876

Battle of Wounded Knee, 1890

Wounded Knee (1890)

US Army massacre of 300+ Indians women, children, and men Signaled the end of armed Indian resistance to the US Army

Locate– Wounded Knee– Sand Creek Massacre– Little Big Horn– Nez Perces (*Indian

Tribe name)

Purpose and Effects of the Dawes Act

1. Assimilate Indians into “white” culture.2. Adopt Christianity3. Abandon Hunter gatherer ways and become farmersIndian Tribal Land holdings diminished

Indian culture

“Kill the Indian and save the man.”– Assimilate them into our culture

– “Kill a buffalo and you kill an Indian”Plains Indians relied heavily on Buffalo

“Kill the Indian, save the man.”

Cattle Industry

Cowboys: ran 100’s of cattle on trails to rail heads.Long Drive: journey of cattle from ranches to market or rail lines.Open range needed for cattle to graze

Long Drive Video

Move Cattle (meat) to from Prairie to Northern cities $$$

Cowboys and cattle

Age of the cowboy lasted from 1860s until the late 1880s.1885-1887 harsh winters and summer heat ended long drivesBarbed wire made grazing of animals difficult

Barbed Wire: Glidden’s invention

Used to divide up land on the plansCheap fencingInterfered with Buffalo grazing and cattle grazingOvergrazing of grass helped end age of cowboyThus barbed wire helped kill the Indian and end the Age of the Cowboy

Barbed Wire

Cheap FencingDeveloped by JOSEPH GLIDDEN