ch 4 integration - oregon high...

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1 Ch 4 Integration History Lesson! Early accomplishment of Calculus predicting the future position of a moving body from one of its known locations and a formula for its velocity function! Today, we generalize and say recover a function from one of its known values and a formula for its rate of change! Applications: Real life to calculate a company's future output, from its present output and its production rate! to predict a population's future size, from its present size and its growth rate!

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Page 1: Ch 4 Integration - Oregon High Schoolteachers.oregon.k12.wi.us/debroux/Calc/4.1Day1lessonkey.pdfconstant of integration A differential equation in x and y is an equation that involves

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Ch 4 Integration

History Lesson!Early accomplishment of Calculus ­  predicting the future position of a moving body from one of its known locations and a formula for its velocity function!

Today, we generalize and say ­  recover a function from one of its known values and a formula for its rate of change!

  Applications: Real life ­  

to calculate a company's future output, from its present output and its production rate!

to predict a population's future size, from its present size and its growth rate!

Page 2: Ch 4 Integration - Oregon High Schoolteachers.oregon.k12.wi.us/debroux/Calc/4.1Day1lessonkey.pdfconstant of integration A differential equation in x and y is an equation that involves

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Integration

Quick Overview:

Integral Calculus ­ the second main branch of calculus.

the process of finding a function whose derivative is known!

to give the sum or total of.

Types of Integralsdefinite

indefinite

Page 3: Ch 4 Integration - Oregon High Schoolteachers.oregon.k12.wi.us/debroux/Calc/4.1Day1lessonkey.pdfconstant of integration A differential equation in x and y is an equation that involves

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Antiderivatives

4.1 Antiderivatives and Indefinite Integration

Find a  function F(x)  whose                  derivative is  f (x) = 2x.

F(x)  =  x2 because

ddx( (x2 = 2xothers?!!

Page 4: Ch 4 Integration - Oregon High Schoolteachers.oregon.k12.wi.us/debroux/Calc/4.1Day1lessonkey.pdfconstant of integration A differential equation in x and y is an equation that involves

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A  function F(x)  is an antiderivative of  f (x)  

on an interval I if "cap eff" "little eff"

for all x on I.

 F (x)  =  f (x)'

Def.

Page 5: Ch 4 Integration - Oregon High Schoolteachers.oregon.k12.wi.us/debroux/Calc/4.1Day1lessonkey.pdfconstant of integration A differential equation in x and y is an equation that involves

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terminology and notation

The  General Antiderivative  of   f :

F(x) + C family of all antiderivatives of  f

slide up!

Cconstant of integration

A differential equation in x and y is an equation that involves x, y, and derivatives of y.

ex. y' = 4x + 1

Def.

Also,  F(x) = x2 + C  is the  general solution  of the differential equation    F'(x) = 2x.

Page 6: Ch 4 Integration - Oregon High Schoolteachers.oregon.k12.wi.us/debroux/Calc/4.1Day1lessonkey.pdfconstant of integration A differential equation in x and y is an equation that involves

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Example: Find the general solution of the differential equation

dydx = x

2 3/.

Page 7: Ch 4 Integration - Oregon High Schoolteachers.oregon.k12.wi.us/debroux/Calc/4.1Day1lessonkey.pdfconstant of integration A differential equation in x and y is an equation that involves

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Notation for Antiderivativesdydx = f (x)

dy dx= f (x) differential form

antidifferentiation    or    indefinite integration 

                        ­ the operation of finding all solutions 

                ­ denoted by an integral sign, 

dy dx= f (x)

y = F(x) + C general solution

Page 8: Ch 4 Integration - Oregon High Schoolteachers.oregon.k12.wi.us/debroux/Calc/4.1Day1lessonkey.pdfconstant of integration A differential equation in x and y is an equation that involves

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(more) Notation

dx =f (x)y =                           F(x) + C

PRESS

Page 9: Ch 4 Integration - Oregon High Schoolteachers.oregon.k12.wi.us/debroux/Calc/4.1Day1lessonkey.pdfconstant of integration A differential equation in x and y is an equation that involves

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(more) Notation

dx =f (x)y =                           F(x) + C

integrand

variable of integrationdx  identifies  x  as the 

constant ofintegration

is read as "the antiderivative (or indefinite integral) of  f  with respect to x".dxf (x)

Page 10: Ch 4 Integration - Oregon High Schoolteachers.oregon.k12.wi.us/debroux/Calc/4.1Day1lessonkey.pdfconstant of integration A differential equation in x and y is an equation that involves

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Examples: Find the indefinite integrals. Basic Integration Rules p244

(x3 ­ 1) dx1.

2. ( +1 (

2 xx2 ­ 3x4 dx

3. sin    d

4. sin x   dxcos   x  2  

Page 11: Ch 4 Integration - Oregon High Schoolteachers.oregon.k12.wi.us/debroux/Calc/4.1Day1lessonkey.pdfconstant of integration A differential equation in x and y is an equation that involves

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Key Relationship!

Integration  is the "inverse" of  differentiation.

=dxf (x) FdxF' =(x) (x) + C

Differentiation  is the "inverse" of  integration.

= f (x)F(x) + Cdxd [ [ f(x)dx

d [ dx

[=

Obtain integration formulas directly from differentiation formulas

Basic Integration Rules  p244

Page 12: Ch 4 Integration - Oregon High Schoolteachers.oregon.k12.wi.us/debroux/Calc/4.1Day1lessonkey.pdfconstant of integration A differential equation in x and y is an equation that involves

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p249-250 #1-3, 5-8, #9 - 42 (odd?!), #43 - 48

Assignment