cau hoi on tap tkm

7/31/2019 Cau hoi on tap TKM

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CHNG 1: PH N TICH MU C TIE U KINH

DONH V H N CHE.1. Nhng bc chnh thit k mng theo phng php tip cn ca Top-down Phn tch yu cu

- Phn tch mc tiu kinh doanh v hn ch- Phn tch k thut- t trng ca mng hin ti- t trng ca truyn ti mng

Vs logic- V Topo mng- Thit km hnh cho tn v a ch- Chn cng ngh chuyn mch hay nh tuyn- Pht trin chin lc bo mt- Pht trin chin lc qun l mng

Vs vt l- La chn nhng cng ngh v thit b

Kim tra v ti u thit k Trin khai v kim tra mng Theo di v ti u hiu sut mng

2. Nhng bc chnh thit k mng theo phng php tip cn ca PDIOO

Ln k hoch (Plan) Thit k (Design) Trin khai (Implement) Hot ng (Operate) Ti u (Optimize)

3. Ti sao phi hiu c style ca khch hng


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Cn phi hiu c phong cch, cch thc kinh doanh v cc mun ca khch hngc c mt s giao tip tt, mang li kt qu cao.V dnh:

Cn nm r lnh vc kinh doanh ca khch hng c c nhng tiu ch phhp vi m hnh kinh doanh.

Cn bit c nhu cu ca khch hng thit k mng cho hp l. Cn bit r tnh hnh ti chnh ca khch hng a ra bn thit k vi chi ph

ph hp.

Cn bit c khch hng a thch s dng nhng thit b no, ca hng no.Vvv. T ch linh thm nh.

4. Nhng mc tiu kinh doanh t trng ngy nay Tng doanh thu, gim gi thnh hot ng Rt ngn chu trnh pht trin sn xut Tham gia vo thtrng th gii Xy dng mi quan h H trkhch hng tt

CHNG 2: PH N TICH C C MU C TIE U

TRONG K THU T V S NH OI1. Nhng mc tiu k thut c bn ngy nay Khnng mrng (Scalability) Tnh sn sng (Availability) Hiu sut hot ng (Performance) An ninh (Security) Khnng qun l (Manageabilit) Khnng s dng (Usability) Khnng thch nghi (Adaptability) Khnng chi tr (Affordability)2. S khc nhau gia Bandwidth v Throughput


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Bng thng v thng lng khng ging nhau Bng thng l slng d liu ti a truyn c trong mt n v thi gian, n

i din cho tc truyn d liu ti a trn mt ng truyn (bit/s = bps).

Thng lng l lng d liu c gi thng sut , khng b cn trtrong mtn v thi gian ( bps), n l tc thc t ca mt knh truyn ti mt thi imno v thng nhhn Bng thng.

3. Thng lng v GoodputGoodput l tc d liu hu ch i qua ng truyn trong mt n v thi gian. Vdnh trong mng my tnh, d liu hu ch l d liu m tng ng dng (trong mhnh TCP/IP) gi xung m cha qua qu trnh ng gi thm cc thng tin iu

khin hay sa li. Trong mng chuyn mch gi, gi trgoodput thng nhhnthroughput v n vcng l bps.

4. Cc yu tnh hn n hiu sut gm:- Bng thng- Thng lng- Bng thng s dng- Cung cp ti- chnh xc- Hiu qu- tr v mc chm tr- Thi gian p ng

5. Lm thno nng cao hiu qu ca mng nng cao hiu qu mng, cn phi:

- C mt qu trnh xy dng h thng mng hp l.- Qu trnh qun l mng sao cho n nh.- Xem xt dung lng truyn ti c ph hp vi mc s dng hay khng

(bng thng v throughput).- Nng cao qu trnh bo mt h thng trnh gp ri ro, nh hng ti hiu

sut.- Cp nht nhng cng ngh mi cho h thng mng.- Nng cp hoc bsung thm ti nguyn vn hnh (cc thit b, Server...,

hoc cc phn mm h trqun l).


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6. Cn nh i nhng g nng cao hiu qu mng- Cn phi tn nhiu chi ph cho vic xy dng h thng mng p ng tt

nhng nhu cu cho doanh nghip.- Chi ph nng cp knh truyn, qu trnh qun l, nng cp thit b, phn mm

v cng ngh mi.

CHNG 3: T TRNG CU MO T

M NG NG TO N T I1. Nhng yu t no gip bn quyt nh nu mt mng ang tn ti c khnng p

ng cc ci tin mi?

Da vo c sh tng ca mng l:

Cu trc logic (modun, phn cp, m hnh) Cu trc vt l: bao gm

- Tn v a ch IP c khnng mrng hay khng.- H thng i dy v phng tin truyn thng, Xem bi cnh ca mng hin ti

nh hng th no khi c sthay i.- Nhng rng buc vmi trng nh: s rt kh khn tch ri cc thit b

vi nhau tin hnh ci tin nu chng gn b cht ch vi nhau.- Sc khe ca mng v khnng vn hnh ca mng.- Nhng thit b hin s dng c thp ng tt nhu cu ci tin hay khng.

2. Khi no bn nn xem xt v cc giao thc v im khc nhau ca sdng mngtng i v sdng mng tuyt i?

- Khi ta cn quan tm mun o lng lu lng broadcast,unicast ca cc giaothc trong h thng mng


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- Tng i: bao nhiu bw s dng cho giao thc / tng s bw hin ang sdng trn phn on mng.

- Tuyt i: bao nhiu bw s dng cho giao thc / tng cng sut ca phnon mng ( v dnh so vi bw 100 mbps ca Fastethernet)

3. Ti sao cu trc logic l yu tc trng ca h thng mng m khng phi cu trcvt l.

- Cu trc logic ca h thng mng nh hng ln n hiu nng ca mng.- N c trng cho hiu sut truyn ti thng tin ca h thng mng.- N c trng cho cc thit b trong h thng mng, cch kt ni cc thit b,

cng ngh kt ni v tc kt ni.

4. Nhng yu t v kin trc v mi trng no bn nn xem xt cho vic thit lp mngkhng dy?

Cc yu tnh hng n Wifi- Phn x- Thm thu- Khc x- Chng lp

Cc khong trng i dy cho Wifi, ni gn thit b c khnng ph sng rng haykhng.

Mi trng c nh hng n vic nhiu sng in t ca wifi hay khng nh gi,gng knh, bnh hng bi cc sng in t ca cc thit b wifi khc.

CHNG 4: MO T VE LU L NGM NG

1. Danh sch v m t ca 6 lung lu lng mng? Terminal/host: l thit bu cui ca mt my chno . N l mt chng trnh

dng iu khin mi hot ng ca my tnh bng dng lnh.


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Client/server : l mt qu trnh m my con (ng vi tr l my khch) gi mt yucu (request) my ch(ng vai tr ngi cung ng dch v), my ch s x l vtr kt qu v cho my khch.

Thin client : l qu trnh m cc my client sc kt ni vo mt my tnh trungtm (my server). My server sng vai tr nh mt kho ti nguyn phc v cho ttc cc my client ni vo n. Cc ti nguyn ny thng l d liu, cc thit b phncng v mt s dch v mng khc.

Peer-to-peer : L qu trnh kt ni gia nhiu my tnh c chc nng hot ng bnhng vi nhau, khng phn bit: ch-t(host-terminal), Khch-Dch v (client-server)

Server/server : l qu trnh kt ni gia 2 my. Distributed computing : in ton phn tn l qu trnh x l, tnh ton gia nhiu

my tnh trong mng li.

2. Nhng thch thc cho vic m t v lp k hoch cho vic truyn VOIP trn mng? Lung dnh cho vic truyn m thanh khc vi lun dng thit lp cuc gi vc

tnh

- Lun dng cho vic thit lp truyn tn hiu thoi l peer-to-peer- Lun dng cho vic thit lp cuc gi l mt lun client/server

Lu lng truyn ti S trm Slng ngi dng, slng extension. Hiu sut mng: c p ng tt cho vic truyn voice ln data Yu cu QoS: cht lng dch v cho vic truyn voice

3. Ti sao bn nn quan tm vlu lng broadcast trn mng?Broadcast

Broadcast gi mt gi tin c a chMAC l FF:FF:FF:FF:FF:FF n tt c ccmy trong mng

Lu lng broadcast cng ln snh hng n bng thng ca mng. N nh hng n mi my trong min broadcast N c th lm nh hng n qu trnh hot ng ca mng.

4. ATM v IETF quy nh thng s k thut cho QOS khc nhau nh th no ?


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Thng s k thut yu cu ca ATM Constant bit rate (CBR): l kt ni c tc truyn cnh, y c s ph

thuc vo sng b thi gian gia bn gi v bn nhn

Realtime variable bit rate(vt-VBR): l kt ni c tc l mt bin(thay i theothi gian), y da chnh xc vo thi gian gia bn gi v bn nhn

no Realtime variable bit rate(nvt-VBR): l kt ni c tc l mt bin(thay itheo thi gian), , y khng c s ph thuc vo sng b thi gian gia bngi v bn nhn

Unspecified bit rate(UBR): tng tnh nvt-VBR, nhng y khng c sn cch kim sot bng thng tng cho ngi dng.

Available bit rate(ABR): tng tnh nvt-VBR, nhng n khng yu cu mbo bng thng v tr truyn.

Guaranteed frame rate(GFR): Thng s k thut ca IETF

m bo truyn tng ng gia hai bn m bo tr Rfc 254 C c chm bo u tin ca gi tin.

CHNG 5:THIET KE MO HINH M NG

1. Ti sao phn cp v modune ha li quan trng trong vic thit k mng?

Ti sao li s dng m hnh phn cp trong thit k mng Gim cng vic x l trn thit b mng Chia nh min Broadcast. Tng tnh n gin v d hiu. Dthay i hoc nng cp theo tng vng m khng nh hng nhiu n cc phn

khc.

C khnng co dn quy m ca h thng Ti sao li sdng modune ha trong thit k mng


8/20

Ci ny t ngh ti sao phi module ha v phn cp l 1 !

2. 3 lp trong m hnh phn cp thit k mng ca Cisco l g? Core layer: bao gm cc thit b cao cp nh router hay switch c ti u ha tc

v khnng Distribution layer: bao gm cc thit bdng phn chia mng Access layer: cc kt ni u cui

3. Nhng thnh phn chnh ca m hnh mng doanh nghip?- Server farm- Network managament- Edge distribution- Campus Infrastructure: Building Access, Bulding Distribution, Campus

backbone

4. Nhng thun li v khng thun li ca Nhng option Nhng phng nmultihoming the internet connection?

Ci ny xem trong cun top-down network.

CHNG 6: THIET KE TE N VI CHI

1. Ti sao phi s dng cu trc tn v a ch cho m hnh thit k D dng cho vic c bn mng D dng qun l v khc phc s c. Nhn ra cc thit b trong vic phn tch cc giao thc Nhn bit c cc thit bno ang kt ni vi nhau. t c cc mc tiu v kh dng Thit k b lc trn tng la v router D dng trong thc hin nh tuyn

2. Khi no thch hp s dng a ch Private so vi a ch publicChng ta nn s dng a ch private trong cc mng ni b hoc cc vng mng bomt. Do di a chprivate khng c php xut hin trn Internet nn chng c phnbo mt hn.


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Trong khi , cc a ch public dng trn Internet nn bt cai cng c th truy cp trctip n a ch public ny.

3. Khi no thch hp s dng mt a chtnh v a chngIP tnh:

Khi chng ta qun l trong mt h thng mng cnh, khng bthay i thngxuyn.

Khi t a ch cho cc thit bnh router, server... cc thit bc duy tr ktni thng xuyn.

IP ng:

Khi h thng mng khng cnh, slng my c phn chia a ch c ththay i.

Khnng thay i cc a ch v gii hn slng a ch (pool). Sn sng kt ni m khng cn ci t ip tnh.

4. Phng php tip cn thno nng cp ln mt a ch IPv6 S dng ng thi 2 giao thc (Dual Stack),hoc Tunnelling,NAT-PT ng gi tin V6 vi /c V4 C chc nng chuyn i

c thm khc ny:

Dual IP layer: C chny m bo mt Host/Router c ci c hai giao thc (trong trng hp ny gi

l Dual stack) IPv4 v IPv6 Internet layer trong m hnh phn lp TCP/IP.

-IPv6 Tunneling over IPv4: C chny thc hin ng gi tin IPv6 vo mt gi theo chun giao thc

IPv4 c th chuyn gi tin qua mng IPv4 thun ty. Trong trng hp ny, mng xem nh l mt

gi tin IPv4 bnh thng. Theo nh hng dn trong khuyn nghRFC 1933, IETF gii thiu hai

phng php to ng hm cho cc Site IPv6 kt ni vi nhau xuyn qua h tng IPv4: Automatic

Tunneling v Configured Tunneling.

- Ngoi ra ngi ta cn s dng NAT-PT cho php cc Host/Router dng IPv4 thun ty v cc

Host/Router dng IPv6 thun ty c th kt ni lm vic vi nhau trong qu trnh chuyn i ln IPv6.

Dng NAT-PT, ta c th nh x qua li gia a ch IPv6 v IPv4.


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CHNG 7: L CHO N GIO TH CCHUEN M CH V GIO TH C INH

TUEN1. Mt s ty chn tng cng cho giao thc STP:

- Port fast,- Up-link fast, back-bone fast- Unidirectional link detection- Loop-guard

2. Nhng yu t no gip bn quyt nh sdng giao thc nh tuyn distance-vectorhay link-state l tt cho thit k ca bn

Xem bng so snh trong slide.

3. Nhng yu t no gip bn sxc nh c mt giao thc nh tuyn cho thit kca mnh


4. Ti sao giao thc nh tuyn tnh v nh tuyn ng vn ng mt vai tr trongnhiu m hnh thit k mng


CHNG 8: PHT TRIEN CHIEN

L C N NINH M NG1. K hoch an ninh khc vi chnh sch an ninh nh th no? K hot an ninh


11/20

L ti liu cao cp cp n vic phi lm thno mt t chc c tht ccc yu cu v an ninh

Quy nh c th thi gian, con ngi, v cc ngun khc s yu cu pht trin 1chnh sch an ninh v trin khai chnh sch ny

Chnh sch an ninh L bo co chnh thc v tp cc nguyn tc m ngi truy nhp vo ti nguyn k

thut v thng tin ca mt t chc phi tun theo

Bao gm vic truy nhp, ti khon, nh danh, xc thc chring t, la chncng ngh

2. Ti sao iu quan trng l chnh sch an ninh c c s chp thun tngi dng, nhqun l, nhn vin k thut?

i vi ngi dng: Khi p t mt chnh sch i vi ngi dng l to nn s rng

buc, gii hn phm vi s dng ca h. V vy cn phi c nhng chnh sch ph hp,to mt cm gic thoi mi nht cho ngi s dng nhng vn gic s an ton cnthit.

i vi nh qun l: Rt kh p t mt chnh sch an ninh ln cc nh qun l. V thnh qun l cn phi c cc chnh sch bo mt ring bit v khc vi ngi dng bnhthng m vn to nn sring t cho h.

i vi nhn vin k thut: h c th bit c cc thng tin ring t ca tt cngidng trong mng, k c nhn vin qun l cp cao. V th, cn phi c cc chnh sch anninh km cht cc vn . Tuy nhin, nu vic bo mt cao s rt kh trong vicqun l. V vy cn phi c mt chnh sch hp l gia ngi dng v nhn vin k thut.

3. Mt vi phng thc ngn chn hacker i thng tin cu hnh ca router hayswitch:

- t ID v mt khu login- i mt khu mc nh, t mt khu cho quyn kim tra trng thi, cu

hnh, thay i cu hnh.- Ch cho php sdng SSH khi mun truy cp txa (ko qua console) vo

thit b.- Sdng server TACACS qun l xc thc khi truy cp.

4. Lm thno c th qun l an ninh cho mt mng wifi- t trong subnet hoc Vlan c th d dng trong vic cu hnh packet filter.- Yu cu tt c cc client cn chy tng la c nhn v chng trnh dit virus.- V hiu ha beacons dng broadcast SSID v yu cu a chMAC chng

thc.


12/20

- S dng cc chun bo mcho WLAN nh WPA,WPA2, EAP...

CHNG 9: PHT TRIEN CHIENL C QU N L M NG1. Ti sao Qun l thit k mng l quan trng

V vic qun l mng:

Xem xt tnh co dn, lu lng, d liu v cc chi ph. Xc nh ti nguyn cn theo di. Xc nh cc tiu ch ca hiu xut. Xc nh d liu cn thu thp, khnng truy xut ca qun tr mng.

2. 5 loi qun l mng theo ISO l g Qun l hiu xut

- Theo di hiu xut u cui- Theo di hiu xut cc thnh phn- o thi gian phn hi- o lun d liu v ln- C bng ghi v sthay i ca router

Qun l li- Pht hin, chun on, cch ly , x l li- Bo co kt qun ngi dng v qun l- Theo di nhng hng lin quan n li

Qun l cu hnh- Theo di cc thit b mng v cu hnh ca chng- Duy tr mt bng kim k ti sn mng- C nht k v h thng v cc chng trnh

Qun l an ninh- Duy tr v phn phi tn ngi dng v mt khu- To, phn phi v qun l cc kha- Phn tch cu hnh ca cc thit b mng c gy phc tp cho cc chnh sch bo

mt ko- Thu thp v kim tra

Qun l ti khon


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- Theo di vic s dng mng- Thun tin cho vic thanh ton da trn mc s dng.- Truy tm ngi lm dng

3. Nhng thun li v khng thun li trong vic s dng qun l tp trung v qun l phntn

Qun l tp trung:- Thun li: n gin pht trin v duy tr hn. Truy cp thng tin nhanh v

chnh xc, do ch cn kt ni vi trung tm l c. Cc b phn lin kt cht chvi nhau nn d liu c ng b.

- Kh khn: n phi nhn mt lng ln thng tin v trung tm qun l(Network operations center NOC). V vy, cc thit b phi lm vic vi cng sutcao. V tn nhiu chi ph vu t,nng lng.

Qun l phn tn:- Thun li: d qun l lu lng d liu, cc thit b x l cng vic n gin hn.u t cho tng b phn l nh, c th va vn hnh va u t thm dn. C th

nng cp tng vng nn t tn km chi ph hn.- Kh khn: kh hn trong vic bo tr v x l s c. Do mi vng c mt nhim

vv lu tr d liu ring, nn i khi d liu khng ng b.

4. Nhng thun li v khng thun li trong vic s dng in-band v out-of-band In band: Inband l truyn d liu v thng tin iu khin trn cng mt knh

truyn, thng thng l thng qua cng Ethernet.- Thun li: d trin khai v ch cn cng Ethernet v cc chng trnh remote

iu khin, nn t tn km v chi ph. Quan trng nht l khng gii hn khongcch kt ni do c th truy cp n thit bbt k ni u thng qua IP ca thitb.

- Kh khn: khi h thng mng gp s c hoc cc ng dng khng n nh snhhng n vic kt ni vi cc thit b. Do trin khai trn cng ngh Ethernet, vvy cc gii php inband i hi phi c bng thng hot ng nn nh hngn vic truyn d liu.

Outband: outband l s dng 2 knh truyn ring bit nhau. N s s dng mtknh truyn khc truy cp n cc thit b, v dnh cng console, cngservice processor.

- Thun li: n c lp vi cc ng dng v hiu hnh ca thit b m khng nhhng ti bng thng truyn d liu. Ddng gim st, iu khin thit b k ckhi h thng mng gp trc trc.

- Kh khn: khnng truy cp t xa b gii hn.


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Chng 10: Chn cng ngh v thit b cho mng

1. Ba loi phng tin truyn thng c bn c s dng trong mng campus l g ? Truyn qua cp ng

- u im: Tn hiu truyn tt Khng r xt C th ko vo si dy mng D dng to hnh Kh gy

- Bao gm Cp ng trc

o C li bng ng rn, c bao quanh bi Nha do cch in Tt bng ng bo v bn ngoi Lp khot bn ngoi

o C th truyn m xa m khng cn b khuch i hn STPv UTP

Cp xon io Gm 2 sdy bng ng xon li vi nhauo Mi dy c mt li v nha do cch in bn ngoio Cp c v: C mt lp kim loi l hoc bn li bao ph

bn ngoi mi cpo Co khng c v: khng c mt lp kim loi l hoc bn

li bao ph bn ngoi mi cp

Truyn qua cp quang- Bao gm cp quang n mode v a mode.- Cp quang lm bng gng

Khng b nhiu Suy hao thp Bng thng cao Truyn xa nhng gi thnh cao

Truyn khng dy- Wifi- Laser


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- V tuyn- Mng di ng- V tinh

2. Nhng tiu ch la chn Ethernet cho thit k ca bn ?- u tin l tc truyn d liu.- Chi ph- Cht lng ng truyn

3. Nhng tiu ch no gip bn mua mt thit b internet cho bn thit k ca khch hang?- Gi thnh- S cng- Tc x l- B nh- tr khi thit b chuyn tip d liu- Thng lng khi thit b chuyn tip d liu- H trn cng ngh LAN v WAN- H tra phng tin- D dng cu hnh v qun l- MTBF v MTTR- Thay nng khng cn tt- C ngun d phng- Cht lng dch v h tr, hng dn, ti liu

4. Mt vi ngi ngh rng Metro Ethernet Network c th thay th mng WANs truynthng, bn c ng vi kin ny khng?

C thng trong trng hp ng dng MEN trong cc t chc ln, cc cng ty cnhiu chi nhnh, cc khu thng mi ln...

Metro EthernetNetwork (MEN) c xy dng kt ni cc mng cc b ca cc tchc v c nhn vi mt mng din rng WANhay vi Internet s dng ccchun Ethernet. MEN ang c xy dng mnh m trn th gii cng nh ti VN bicc tin ch m n mang li:

Tnh dsdng: Dch v Ethernet da trn giao din Ethernet chun, dngrng ri trong cc h thng mng cc b. Hu nh tt c cc thit b v mych trong LAN u kt ni dng Ethernet.
http://tudiencongnghe.net/Special:Search/WANhttp://tudiencongnghe.net/Special:Search/Internethttp://tudiencongnghe.net/Special:Search/LANhttp://tudiencongnghe.net/Special:Search/LANhttp://tudiencongnghe.net/Special:Search/Internethttp://tudiencongnghe.net/Special:Search/WAN


16/20

Tnh kinh t: S ph bin ca Ethernet trong hu ht cc sn phm mng nngiao din Ethernet c chi ph khng t. Gi thnh thit b thp, chi ph quntr v vn hnh thp hn, cho php thu bao thm bng thng khi cn thit vh ch tr cho nhng g h cn

Tnh linh hot: D dng to cc dch v: Intranet VPN, Extranet VPN, ktni Internet tc cao ti ISP. Thay i bng thng nhanh chng, mm do. Tnh chun ho: MEF ang tip tc nh ngha v chun ha cc loi dch vv cc thuc tnh ny, cho php cc nh cung cp dch v c khnng traoi gii php ca h mt cch r rng, cc thu bao c th hiu v so snhcc dch v mt cch tt hn.

ng dng: H trnhiu loi ng dng v dch v thuc th h mng k tip nh:

Kt ni gia cc LAN. Truyn ti a ng dng. Mng ring o Metro. Kt ni imim tc cao. Mng lu tr. LAN Video/Video training. CAD/CAM. Scientific Modeling. Streaming Media. Server Backup. Cc ng dng Back-end Server. Cc ng dng lu tr (iSCSI).v.v.

Chng 11: Vic chn thit b v cng ngh cho mng doanh nghip

1. So snh v i chiu nhng cng nghgip ngi dng truy cp t xa. PPP- Point to Point Protocol

- S dng vi lin kt ng b, khng ng b, quay s, ISDN- Xc nh chng trnh ng gi chuyn cho cc tng khc nhau ca mng- H trchng thc PAP, CHAP

ISDNIntegrated Services Digital Network- Dch v truyn d liu sc cung cp bi nh cung cp in thoi trong khu vc- Dch v chuyn mch vng c cung cp khnng truyn voice v data- Gii php truy nhp hiu qu cho kt ni t xa- L mt s la chn tt nh backup lien kt cho nhng loi kin kt khc

Cable modems
http://tudiencongnghe.net/Special:Search/ISPhttp://tudiencongnghe.net/Special:Search/ISPhttp://tudiencongnghe.net/Special:Search/CADhttp://tudiencongnghe.net/Special:Search/CADhttp://tudiencongnghe.net/Special:Search/ISP


17/20

- H thng c xy dng trn h thng cp ng trc nh cp tivi-Nhanh hn analog moderm, v thng nhanh hn ISDN

25-50 Mbps downstream 2 to 3 Mbps upstream

DSNDigital Subcriber Line- Truyn d liu s tc cao thng qua ng dy in thoi bnh thng- C phng php iu chtinh vi hn v vy n c tc cao hn ISDN- Thc sbng thng ph thuc vo loi dch v DSL, DSL modem, v nhiu yu t

ca tng vt l khc- ADSL l ph bin nht

2. So snh v i chiu cc cng ngh mng Wan Leased Line: ng thu ring

- Dnh ring cho k thut s, mt ng cp ng c khch hang thu t nh cungcp dch vnh trc mt khong thi goan chng mt thng hay mt nm

- Tc t64kbps n 45mbps- Doanh nghip thng thu mt ng ring cho c voice v data

Synchronous Optical NetWork (SONET): Mng ng b s dng cp quang- Nhng c tnh k thut ca tng vt l gip cho truyn gi tin ng btc

cao trn ng truyn cp quang- Nh cung cp dch vi dy v trin khai SONET trong ni b nhng mng ca h- c ph bin bn trong cc mng ni b

Frame Replay-

L mt chun cng nghip ca tng data-link chuyn lu lng qua mngchuyn mch o- Ti u ha hiu xut trn mch bng vic truyn vi li thp- C gi c rt cnh tranh- Nh cung cp dch v cho php chuyn tip lu lng tc thng tin cam kt

Asyschronous Tranfer Mode(ATM)- S dng internet ca nh cung cp dch v- S dng ph bin bn trong mng ring v c mng WAN v i khi trong mng

Lan

- H trbng thng cao yu cu Cp ng bang thng 45 Mbps hoc hn Cp quang OC-192(9.952 Gbps)

- Cung cp chia sbng thng hiu qu gia cc ng dng vi nhiu QOS khc nhau.- Cc chng rnh c th chnh gi tr QOS yu cu khi kt ni c thit lp- Router ATM c gi rt mc- Mt s nh cung cp dch v cho php khc hang s dng cng giao tip truy

nhp vo trong nh cung cp ATM WAN


18/20

- C th yu cu cng c chuyn i- D kin sc ph bin bi v n mang li thun li cho c

D dng s dng Lan C QOS trong Wan

3. Nhng tiu ch la chn cc thit b truy cp t xa: H trVPN H trNAT tin cy Gi thnh D dng cu hnh v qun l H trmt hay nhiu cng giao tip Ethernet tc cao H trkhng dy nu cn.

4. Cc tiu ch la chn cho router ca doanh nghip S cng Tc x l H tra phng tin v cc cng ngh MTTR v MTBF Thng lng Tnh nng ti u ha

5. Nhng tiu ch gip bn chn nh cung cp mng Wan nh gi v dch v v cng ngh Khu vc a l bao ph c im v tin cy v hiu xut Cp bo mt c cung cp bi nh cung cp dch v Cp cung cp cc dch v h trv cng ngh Khnng nh cung cp c th tip tc tn ti S sn sang ca nh cung cp dch v gp bn gii quyt nhng yu cu ca

bn

Lin kt nh tuyn vt l trong mng

Khnng d phng bn trong mng nh gi nh cung cp dch v da vo nh cung cp dch vkhc d phng H trQOS


19/20

CHNG 12:KIEM TR THET KE M NG1. Ti sao vic kim tra thit k mng li quan trng

Kim tra thit kc t c nhng mc tiu v kinh doanh v k thut Xc thc gi tr ca cc cng ngh mng Lan v Wan ca cc thit bc la chn Kim tra mt dch v ca nh cung cp dch v c phi l mt dch v thng nht Xc nh im b tt nghn hoc cc vn v kt ni Xc nh cc k thut ti u s cn thit.

2. Ti sao kim tra vic xung cp ca mng li quan trng Kim tra mng c xung cp hay khng ngi qun tr c th nng cp, b sunghoc thay i thit b cho vic hot ng mng vn c p ng tt. Trnh nh

hng n qu trnh kinh doanh ca t chc.

Kim tra vic xung cp tm hiu xem cc cng ngh ang s dng c ph hphay khng...

3. Nhng tiu chun ca vic nghim thu mng l g Da trn cc tiu ch v kinh doanh v cng ngh s dng.

Da vo cc thng s bo co v vic kim tra th h thng mng : nh hiu sut,thi gian li, thng lng...

Tnh sn sng ca h thng mng.

4. Cc loi kim tra h thng mng: Thi gian p ng ca chng trnh Kim tra thong lng Tnh sn sang S xung cp ca mng

5. Cch no s dng kim tra thit k mng: S dng cc dch v kim tra cng nghip Xy dng v kim tra mt h thng th nghim Dng cc cng c ca hang cisco hoc phn mm th 3 (cc phn mm m phng).


20/20

CHNG 13 TOI U HO THIET KE M NG

1. Ti sao vic ti u ha mng li quan trng L do phi ti u- t cc tiu chun v kinh doanh v k thut- S dng bang thong mt cch hiu qu- iu khin li v jitter- Gim tr tun t- H tru tin dch v cho nhng chng trnh thit yu- t cc yu cu v QOS

cau hoi on tap tkm

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