International trade and labour markets, ODI, June 27, 2005

Research question

Can Burkina Faso benefit from Regional Integration via migration?

International trade and labour markets, ODI, June 27, 2005

Methodology

Two levels of analysis: micro and macro.

Data collection� Survey in Burkina Faso (250 sahelian households) and in Côte d’Ivoire.� Secondary data base: brain drain in the WAEMU.

Theoritical analysis�Todaro theory�NELM theory�Brain drain and brain gain theory

International trade and labour markets, ODI, June 27, 2005

Capri Map

Cote d’Ivoire

International trade and labour markets, ODI, June 27, 2005

International trade and labour markets, ODI, June 27, 2005

Capri Map

Cote d’Ivoire

International trade and labour markets, ODI, June 27, 2005

International trade and labour markets, ODI, June 27, 2005

4.0Other

11.2Paid activities + gold panning

3.2Petty trade

0.8Truck farming

2.4Craft industry

21.6Migration activities

56.4Livestock farming

0.4Rainfall agriculture

% of sample householdsSources of incomes

Results: Seasonal migration, a survival strategy

International trade and labour markets, ODI, June 27, 2005

� Migration motives:

� Expected income: increase of 6.3 percentage points in migration participation.

� Deterioration of the capital social: loss of 3.2 points.

� Income variance and climate instability: push factors.

Results: Seasonal migration (ctd.)

International trade and labour markets, ODI, June 27, 2005

0.99Low rainfall

0.4Average area allocated to millet in the village

0.31Public school or literacy

0.07Available labor force 2002

1.4Population density

Marginal effects on migration income

Results: Seasonal migration (ctd.)

International trade and labour markets, ODI, June 27, 2005

Results: Migration and food security

� Stone bunds technology:

� > 40% improvement in grain yields.

� Adoption rate: 20% sample households.

International trade and labour markets, ODI, June 27, 2005

Results: Migration and food security (ctd.)

� Adoption motives:

�Migration: best argument

� Market access

� Rainfall instability

� Other factors: Age and community size.

International trade and labour markets, ODI, June 27, 2005

Results: Migration and regional convergence

� Labor Mobility: convergence factor (0.85 points improvement), indicating spill over effects inside WAEMU.

� Intra-regional brain drain: negative impact on growth.

� Brain drain to the North: conditional positive effects

International trade and labour markets, ODI, June 27, 2005

Conclusions

� Seasonal migration:

� less costly in terms of labour loss

� play important role in sahelian householdssurvival strategy

� Long run

� economic convergence

� agricultural investments financing

International trade and labour markets, ODI, June 27, 2005

Recommendations

� Favor free movement of citizens

� Identify alternative destinations

� Develop a local labor market for livestock farming

� Optimal control of brain drain

International trade and labour markets, ODI, June 27, 2005

Than

k you

for y

our a

ttent

ion!!