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Cadbury

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopediaThis article is about the confectionery company. For other uses, seeCadbury (disambiguation).

Cadbury

Type Subsidiary ofKraft Foods

Industry Confectionery

Founded 1824

Headquarters

Cadbury House,London,United

KingdomProducts Seelist of Cadbury products

Revenue GB5,384 million (2008)

Operating

incomeGB388 million (2008)

Net income GB364 million (2008)

Employees 71,657 (2008)[1]

Parent Kraft Foods

Website Cadbury.co.uk

Cadbury is aconfectionerycompany owned byKraft Foodsand is the industry's second-largestglobally afterMars, Incorporated.[2]Headquartered inUxbridge, London, United Kingdom, thecompany operates in more than 50 countries worldwide.

The company was known as Cadbury Schweppes plc from 19692008 until its demerger, inwhich its global confectionery business was separated from its US beverage unit (now called "DrPepper Snapple Group").[3]It was also a constant constituent of theFTSE 100from the index's1984 inception until its 2010 Kraft Foods takeover.[4][5]

Contents

[hide]

1 Historyo 1.1 1824-1900: Early historyo 1.2 1900-2007

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o 1.3 Schweppes mergero 1.4 Schweppes demergero 1.5 2007-presento 1.6 Kraft Foods takeover

2 Operationso 2.1 United Kingdomo 2.2 Irelando 2.3 United Stateso 2.4 Australia and New Zealando 2.5 Indiao 2.6 Other subsidiaries

3 Executive pay 4 Accounting 5 Products 6 Advertising controversy 7 Health and safety

o 7.1 2006 Salmonella scareo 7.2 2007 recallso 7.3 2008o 7.4 2009 Hydrogenation

8 Headquarters 9 See also 10 References 11 Further reading 12 External links

[edit] History

[edit] 1824-1900: Early history

In 1824,John Cadburybegan sellingtea,coffee, and drinkingchocolate, which he producedhimself, at Bull Street inBirmingham, England. He later moved into the production of a varietyof cocoa and drinking chocolates, made in a factory in Bridge Street and sold mainly to thewealthy because of the high cost of production. John Cadbury became a partner with his brotherBenjamin and the company they formed was called 'Cadbury Brothers of Birmingham'.[6]

The brothers opened an office in London and in 1854 they received theRoyal Warrantasmanufacturers of chocolate and cocoa toQueen Victoria. In the 1850s the industry received amuch needed boost, with the reduction in the high import taxes on cocoa, allowing chocolate tobe more affordable to everybody.

Due to the popularity of a new expanded product line, including the "Cadbury's Cocoa Essence",the company decided to cease trading in tea in 1873. Master confectioner Frederic Kinchelman

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was appointed to share his recipe and production secrets with Cadbury, which led to anassortment of chocolate covered products.

Taking over the business in 1861, John Cadbury's sonsRichardandGeorgedecided in 1878 thatthey needed new premises. Better transport access for milk that was inward shipped bycanal,

and cocoa that was brought in by rail from London, Southampton and Liverpool docks was takeninto consideration. With the development of theBirmingham West Suburban Railwayalong thepath of theWorcester and Birmingham Canal, they acquired the Bournbrook estate, comprising14.5 acres (5.9 ha) of countryside 5 miles (8.0 km) south of the outskirts of Birmingham.Located nextStirchley Road railway station, which itself as opposite the canal, they renamed theestateBournvilleand opened the Bournville factory the following year.

In 1893, George Cadbury bought 120 acres (49 ha) of land close to the works and planned, at hisown expense, amodel villagewhich would 'alleviate the evils of modern more cramped livingconditions'. By 1900 the estate included 313 cottages and houses set on 330 acres (130 ha) ofland. As the Cadbury family wereQuakersthere were nopubsin the estate;[7]in fact, it was their

Quaker beliefs that first led them to sell tea, coffee and cocoa as alternatives to alcohol .

[8]

[edit] 1900-2007

Somerdale Factoryfrom 1919 merger with Fry's

In 1905, Cadbury launched itsDairy Milkbar, with a higher proportion of milk than previouschocolate bars, and it became the company's best selling product by 1913. Fruit and Nut wasintroduced as part of the Dairy Milk line in 1928, soon followed by Whole Nut in 1933. By thispoint, Cadbury was thebrand leaderin the United Kingdom. These were accompanied by severalother products: Flake (1920), Cream-filled eggs (1923), Crunchie (1929) and Roses (1938).[9]Cadbury'sMilk Traywas first produced in 1915 and continued in production throughout theremainder of theFirst World War. More than 2,000 of Cadbury's male employees joined theArmed Forces and to support the war effort, Cadbury provided clothing, books and chocolate tosoldiers. After the war, the Bournville factory was redeveloped and mass production began inearnest. In 1918, Cadbury opened their first overseas factory inHobart,Tasmaniaand in 1919undertook a merger withJ. S. Fry & Sons, another chocolate manufacturer, resulting in theintegration of well-known brands such asFry's Chocolate CreamandFry's Turkish Delight.[6]DuringWorld War II, parts of the Bournville factory were turned over to war work, producingmilling machinesand seats forfighter aircraft. Workers ploughed football fields to plant crops.As chocolate was regarded as an essential food, it was placed under government supervision forthe entire war. The wartime rationing of chocolate ended in 1949, and normal productionresumed. Cadbury subsequently built new factories and had an increasing demand for theirproducts.[6]

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[edit] Schweppes merger

The Cadbury Schweppes logo used until the demerger in 2008

Cadbury merged with drinks companySchweppesto form Cadbury Schweppes in 1969.[10]

CadburySchweppeswent on to acquireSunkist,Canada Dry,Typhoo Teaand more. In the US,Schweppes Beverages was created and the manufacture of Cadbury confectionery brands werelicensed toThe Hershey Company.

Snapple,MisticandStewart's(formerlyCable Car Beverage) were sold byTriarcto CadburySchweppes in 2000 for $1.45 billion.[11]In October of that same year, Cadbury SchweppespurchasedRoyal Crownfrom Triarc.[12]

[edit] Schweppes demerger

In March 2007, it was revealed that Cadbury Schweppes was planning to split its business intotwo separate entities: one focusing on its main chocolate and confectionery market; the other onits US drinks business.[13]The demerger took effect on 2 May 2008, with the drinks businessbecomingDr. Pepper Snapple Group Inc.[3]In December 2008 it was announced that Cadburywas to sell its Australian beverage unit toAsahi Breweries.[14]

[edit] 2007-present

In October 2007, Cadbury announced the closure of theSomerdale Factory,Keynsham, formerly

part of Fry's. Between 500 and 700 jobs were affected by this change. Production transferred toother plants in England and Poland.[15]

In 2008 Monkhill Confectionery, the Own Label trading division of Cadbury Trebor Bassett wassold to Tangerine Confectionery for 58million cash. This sale included factories at Pontefract,Cleckheaton and York and a distribution centre near Chesterfield, and the transfer of around 800employees.[16]

In mid-2009 Cadbury replaced some of the cocoa butter in their non-UK chocolate products withpalm oil. Despite stating this was a response to consumer demand to improve taste and texture,there was no "new improved recipe" claim placed on New Zealand labels. Consumer backlash

was significant from environmentalists and chocolate lovers. By August 2009, the companyannounced that it was reverting to the use of cocoa butter in New Zealand.[17]In addition, theywould source cocoa beans throughFair Tradechannels.[18]In January 2010 prospective buyerKraft pledged to honour Cadbury's commitment.[19]

[edit] Kraft Foods takeover

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On 7 September 2009Kraft Foodsmade a 10.2 billion (US$16.2 billion) indicative takeover bidfor Cadbury. The offer was rejected, with Cadbury stating that it undervalued the company.[20]Kraft launched a formal, hostile bid for Cadbury valuing the firm at 9.8 billion on 9 November2009.[21]Business SecretaryPeter Mandelsonwarned Kraft not to try to "make a quick buck"from the acquisition of Cadbury.[22]On 19 January 2010, it was announced that Cadbury and

Kraft Foods had reached a deal and that Kraft would purchase Cadbury for 8.40 per share,valuing Cadbury at 11.5bn (US$18.9bn). Kraft, which issued a statement stating that the dealwill create a "global confectionery leader", had to borrow 7 billion (US$11.5bn) in order tofinance the takeover.[23]

The Hershey Company, based inPennsylvania, manufactures and distributes Cadbury-brandedchocolate (but not its other confectionery) in the United States and has been reported to shareCadbury's "ethos".[24]Hershey had expressed an interest in buying Cadbury because it wouldbroaden its access to faster-growing international markets.[25]But on 22 January 2010, Hersheyannounced that it would not counter Kraft's final offer.[26][27][28]

The acquisition of Cadbury faced widespread disapproval from the British public, as well asgroups and organisations including trade unionUnite,[29]who fought against the acquisition ofthe company which, according to Prime MinisterGordon Brown, was very important to theBritish economy.[30]Unite estimated that a takeover by Kraft could put 30,000 jobs "atrisk",[24][31][32]and UK shareholders protested over the Mergers and Acquisitions advisory feescharged by banks. Cadbury's M&A advisers wereUBS,Goldman SachsandMorganStanley.[33][34][35]Controversially,RBS, a bank 84% owned by the United Kingdom Government,funded the Kraft takeover.[36][37]

On 2 February 2010, Kraft secured over 71% of Cadbury's shares thus finalising the deal .[38]Kraft had needed to reach 75% of the shares in order to be able to delist Cadbury from the stock

market and fully integrate it as part of Kraft. This was achieved on 5 February 2010, and thecompany announced that Cadbury shares would be de-listed on 8 March 2010.[39]

On 3 February 2010, the ChairmanRoger Carr, chief executive Todd Stitzerand chief financialofficer Andrew Bonfield[40]all announced their resignations. Stitzer had worked at the companyfor 27 years.[41]

On 9 February 2010, Kraft announced that they were planning to close the Somerdale Factory,Keynsham, with the loss of 400 jobs.[42]The management explained that existing plans to moveproduction to Poland were too advanced to be realistically reversed, though assurances had beengiven regarding sustaining the plant. Staff at Keynsham criticised this move, suggesting that theyfelt betrayed and as if they have been "sacked twice".[43]On 22 April 2010, Phil Rumbol, theman behind the famous Gorilla advertisement, announced his plans to leave the Cadburycompany in July following Kraft's takeover.[44]

In June 2010 the Polish division, Cadbury-Wedel, was sold toLotteof Korea. TheEuropeanCommissionmade the sale a condition of the Kraft takeover. As part of the deal Kraft will keepthe Cadbury, Hall's and other brands along with two plants in Skarbimierz. Lotte will take overthe plant inWarsawalong with theE Wedelbrand.[45]

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[edit] Operations

[edit] United Kingdom

CadburyFounded 1824

HeadquartersBournville,Birmingham, UnitedKingdom

The confectionery business in the UK is calledCadbury UK(formerly Cadbury Trebor Bassett)and, as of August 2004, had eight factories and 3,000 staff in the UK. Biscuits bearing theCadbury brand, such asCadbury Fingers, are produced under licence byBurton's Foods.Cadbury also owns Trebor Bassett, Fry's,Maynardsand Halls. Ice cream based on Cadburyproducts, like99 Flake, is made under licence byFrederick's Dairies. Cadbury cakes and

chocolate spread are manufactured under licence byPremier Foods, but the cakes were originallypart of Cadbury Foods Ltd with factories at Blackpole inWorcesterandMoretonon theWirralwith distribution depots throughout the UK.

Other Kraft subsidiaries in the UK include: Cadbury Two LLP, Cadbury UK Holdings Limited,Cadbury US Holdings Limited, Cadbury Four LLP, Cadbury Holdings Limited, and CadburyOne LLP.

[edit] Ireland

Cadbury

Founded 1932

Headquarters Coolock,Dublin,Ireland

Cadbury Ireland Limited is based inCoolockinDublin. Cadbury opened their first Irish factoryin Ossary RD., Dublin in 1933, when the company manufactured and sold just three products.Today, it exports over 200 of its products to 30 countries worldwide, making a contribution of110 million of Irish trade. Cadbury Ireland uses local ingredients. More than 250 millionworth of Cadbury chocolate is produced in Ireland, is exported every year, bringing Irelandvaluable earnings from abroad.

Cadbury Ireland operates three factories in Ireland with two in Dublin, inCoolock(where theheadquarters of Cadbury Ireland are located) andTallaght. The third is inRathmore, CountyKerry. Products made by Cadbury in Ireland include Cadbury Dairy Milk, Wispa, Flake, andCrunchie.

[edit] United States

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Cadbury

Founded December 2002

HeadquartersParsippany-Troy Hills, New Jersey,United States

Products Trident,Certs,Chiclets,Halls(cough drop)

Cadbury Adams producescandy,gum,breath mintsandcough drops. It is headquartered inParsippany, New Jersey. The company was formed after the thenCadbury Schweppespurchasedthe Adams brand fromPfizerin December 2002 for US$4.2 billion. In Canada, Cadbury Adamsalso produces hydrogenated oil products andchocolatessuch as theCaramilkbar,Cadbury Mr.Big,Dairy Milk,Cadbury Mini Eggsand Wunderbar.

American Chiclewas purchased by Warner-Lambert in 1962; Warner-Lambert renamed the unitAdams in 1997 and merged withPfizerin 2000.

Cadbury merged withPeter Paulin 1978.[46]Ten years laterHersheyacquired the chocolatebusiness from Cadbury.[46]Accordingly, although the Cadbury group's chocolate products havebeen sold in the US since 1988 under the Cadbury name, the chocolate itself has beenmanufactured by Hershey. Prior to the May 2008 demerger, the North American business alsocontained beverage unitCadbury Schweppes Americas Beverages. In 1982, Cadbury Schweppespurchased theDuffy-MottCompany.[47]

Cadbury Adams products include:

Maynardso Wine Gums(original and Sour)o Swedish Fisho Swedish Berrieso Juicy Squirts (Sours, Citrus, and Berry)o OriginalGummieso Fuzzy Peacho Sour Chillerso Sour Patch Kidso Mini Fruit Gumso Sour Cherry Blasterso Fruit Maniao Bassett'sLiquorice Allsorts

Gumo Black Jackchewing gumo Bubbaloobubble gumo Bubbliciousbubble gumo Chicletso Clorets

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parsippany-Troy_Hills,_New_Jerseyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parsippany-Troy_Hills,_New_Jerseyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tridenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tridenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Certshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Certshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Certshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chicletshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chicletshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chicletshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Halls_%28cough_drop%29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Halls_%28cough_drop%29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Halls_%28cough_drop%29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Halls_%28cough_drop%29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Candyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Candyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Candyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chewing_gumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chewing_gumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chewing_gumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mint_%28candy%29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mint_%28candy%29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mint_%28candy%29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cough_dropshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cough_dropshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cough_dropshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parsippany,_New_Jerseyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parsippany,_New_Jerseyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cadbury_Schweppeshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cadbury_Schweppeshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cadbury_Schweppeshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pfizerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pfizerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pfizerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chocolatehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chocolatehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chocolatehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caramilkhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caramilkhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caramilkhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cadbury_Mr._Bighttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cadbury_Mr._Bighttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cadbury_Mr._Bighttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cadbury_Mr._Bighttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dairy_Milkhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dairy_Milkhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dairy_Milkhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cadbury_Mini_Eggshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cadbury_Mini_Eggshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cadbury_Mini_Eggshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Chicle_Companyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Chicle_Companyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pfizerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pfizerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pfizerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_Paul_Candy_Manufacturing_Companyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_Paul_Candy_Manufacturing_Companyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_Paul_Candy_Manufacturing_Companyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cadbury#cite_note-hershey-45http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cadbury#cite_note-hershey-45http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cadbury#cite_note-hershey-45http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Hershey_Companyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Hershey_Companyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Hershey_Companyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cadbury#cite_note-hershey-45http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cadbury#cite_note-hershey-45http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cadbury#cite_note-hershey-45http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cadbury_Schweppes_Americas_Beverageshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cadbury_Schweppes_Americas_Beverageshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cadbury_Schweppes_Americas_Beverageshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mott%27shttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mott%27shttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mott%27shttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cadbury#cite_note-46http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cadbury#cite_note-46http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cadbury#cite_note-46http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wine_gumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wine_gumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swedish_Fishhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swedish_Fishhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swedish_berrieshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swedish_berrieshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gummieshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gummieshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gummieshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sour_Patch_Kidshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sour_Patch_Kidshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liquorice_allsortshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liquorice_allsortshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liquorice_allsortshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black_Jack_%28gum%29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black_Jack_%28gum%29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bubbaloohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bubbaloohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bubblicioushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bubblicioushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chicletshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chicletshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cloretshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cloretshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cloretshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chicletshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bubblicioushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bubbaloohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black_Jack_%28gum%29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liquorice_allsortshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sour_Patch_Kidshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gummieshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swedish_berrieshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swedish_Fishhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wine_gumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cadbury#cite_note-46http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mott%27shttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cadbury_Schweppes_Americas_Beverageshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cadbury#cite_note-hershey-45http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Hershey_Companyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cadbury#cite_note-hershey-45http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_Paul_Candy_Manufacturing_Companyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pfizerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Chicle_Companyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cadbury_Mini_Eggshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dairy_Milkhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cadbury_Mr._Bighttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cadbury_Mr._Bighttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caramilkhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chocolatehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pfizerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cadbury_Schweppeshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parsippany,_New_Jerseyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cough_dropshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mint_%28candy%29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chewing_gumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Candyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Halls_%28cough_drop%29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Halls_%28cough_drop%29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chicletshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Certshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tridenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parsippany-Troy_Hills,_New_Jersey

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o Dentyneo Freshen Up Gumo Sour Cherry Gum (Limited)o Sour Apple Gum (Limited)o Strideo

Trident Other

o Certsbreath mintso Halls (cough drop)

Discontinued productso Beemanschewing gumo Cinn*a*Burstgumo Clove gumo Fruit*a*Burst gumo

Mint*a*Burst gumo Sparkies[edit] Australia and New Zealand

Cadbury operates three Australian factories as well as one in New Zealand; two in Melbourne,Victoria(Ringwood and Scoresby), one inHobart,Tasmania(Claremont), and one inDunedin,New Zealand. TheClaremont factorywas once a popular tourist attraction and operated dailytours; however, the factory ceased running full tours mid-2008, citing health and safetyreasons.[48]Cadbury has been upgrading its manufacturing facility at Claremont, Tasmania,Australia, since 2001[49]

On 27 February 2009 the confectionery and beverages businesses of Cadbury Schweppes in,Australia were formally separated and the beverages business began operating as SchweppesAustralia Pty Ltd In April 2009, Schweppes Australia was acquired byAsahi Breweries.[50]Cadbury Australia Pty Limited

[edit] India

Cadbury

Founded 19 July 1948

Headquarters Mumbai, India

Key peopleAnand Kripalu,ManagingDirector[51]

ProductsCadbury Dairy Milk, 5-star, Perk,Gems, Eclairs ,Oreo andBournvita

Employees 2000

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Cadbury India began its operations in India in 1948 by importing chocolates. It now hasmanufacturing facilities inThane, Induri (Pune) and Malanpur (Gwalior),Bangaloreand Baddi(Himachal Pradesh) and sales offices inNew Delhi,Mumbai,KolkataandChennai. Thecorporate head office is inMumbai. Since 1965 Cadbury has also pioneered the development ofcocoa cultivation in India. For over two decades, Cadbury has worked with the Kerala

Agricultural Universityto undertake cocoa research.

[52][53]

Cadbury was incorporated in India on19 July 1948. Currently, Cadbury India operates in four categories: chocolate confectionery,milk food drinks, candy and gum category. It has five company owned manufacturing facilitiesat Thane, Induri (Pune) and Malanpur (Gwalior), Bangalore and Baddi (Himachal Pradesh) and 4sales offices (New Delhi, Mumbai, Kolkata and Chennai). It products includeCadbury DairyMilk, 5-star, Perk, Gems,Eclairs,Bournvita,[54]Celebrations and Bilkul[55]

It is the market leader in Chocolate Confectionery business with a market share of over 70%.[56]The Brand Trust Report, India Study, 2011 published by Trust Research Advisory rankedCadbury in the top 100 most trusted brands list.

[edit] Other subsidiaries

Other Kraft subsidiaries including the Cadbury name include[57]

Cadbury Botswana (Proprietary) Limited Botswana Cadbury (Swaziland) (Pty) Limited Swaziland Cadbury Adams (Philippines) Inc. Philippines Cadbury Adams (Thailand) Limited Thailand Cadbury Adams Bolivia S.A. Bolivia Cadbury Adams Canada Inc. Canada Cadbury Adams Colombia S.A. Colombia

Cadbury Adams Costa Rica, S.A. Costa Rica Cadbury Adams Distribuidora Mexico, S. de R.L. de C.V. Mexico Cadbury Adams Dominicana S.A. Dominican Republic Cadbury Adams Ecuador S.A. Ecuador Cadbury Adams El Salvador S.A. de C.V. El Salvador Cadbury Adams Guatemala, S.A. Guatemala Cadbury Adams Holdings LLC Delaware United States Cadbury Adams Honduras, S.A. Honduras Cadbury Adams Manufactura, S. de R.L. de C.V. Mexico Cadbury Adams Mexico, S. de R.L. de C.V. Mexico Cadbury Adams Middle East Offshore S.A.L. Lebanon

Cadbury Adams Middle East S.A.L. Lebanon Cadbury Adams Nicaragua, S.A. Nicaragua Cadbury Adams Panama, Sociedad Anonima Panama Cadbury Adams Peru S.A. Peru Cadbury Adams Servicios, S. de R.L. de C.V. Mexico Cadbury Adams USA LLC Delaware United States Cadbury Adams, S.A. Venezuela Cadbury Bebidas De Argentina S.A. Argentina

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Cadbury Belgium BVBA Belgium Cadbury Beverages de Venezuela CA Venezuela Cadbury Beverages Japan Limited United Kingdom Cadbury Brasil Comercio de Alimentos Ltda. Brazil Cadbury CIS B.V. Netherlands

Cadbury Confectionery (Guangzhou) Co., Limited China Cadbury Confectionery B.V. Netherlands Cadbury Confectionery Malaysia Sdn. Bhd. Malaysia Cadbury Confectionery Sales (M) Sdn. Bhd. Malaysia Cadbury Confy (Proprietary) Limited Botswana Cadbury CR, s.r.o. Czech Republic Cadbury Denmark ApS Denmark Cadbury Egypt For Importation L.L.C. Egypt Cadbury Egypt For Trade S.A.E. Egypt Cadbury Egypt Group For Food Industries Company S.A.E. Egypt Cadbury Egypt S.A.E. Egypt

Cadbury Enterprises Holdings B.V. Netherlands Cadbury Enterprises Pte. Ltd. Singapore Cadbury Espana, S.L. Spain Cadbury Europe S.A. Switzerland Cadbury Financial Services United Kingdom Cadbury Food Co. Limited China China Cadbury Four Seas Company Limited Hong Kong Cadbury France France Cadbury Ghana Limited Ghana Cadbury Holdings B.V. Netherlands Cadbury Hong Kong Limited Hong Kong Cadbury India Limited India Cadbury Industrial Espana, S.L. Spain Cadbury International & Leasing, S. de R.L. de C.V. Mexico Cadbury International Limited United Kingdom Cadbury Ireland Export Limited Ireland Cadbury Ireland Limited Ireland Cadbury Ireland Sales Ltd Ireland Cadbury Japan Ltd. Japan Cadbury Kenya Limited Kenya Cadbury Limited New Zealand Cadbury Limited United Kingdom Cadbury Mauritius Ltd Mauritius Cadbury Mexico Investments B.V. Netherlands Cadbury Morocco Morocco Cadbury Nederland B.V. Netherlands Cadbury Netherlands International Holdings B.V. Netherlands Cadbury Nigeria PLC Nigeria Cadbury Nominees Limited United Kingdom

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Cadbury Norway AS Norway Cadbury Pakistan Limited Pakistan Cadbury Polska Sp. z o.o. Poland Cadbury Portugal - Produtos de Confeitaria, Lda. Portugal Cadbury Pty Limited Australia

Cadbury Russia Limited United Kingdom Cadbury Schweppes (Portugal) Sociedad Unipressoal, Lda. Portugal Cadbury Schweppes Finance plc United Kingdom Cadbury Schweppes France SAS France Cadbury Schweppes GmbH Germany Cadbury Schweppes Investments Ltd United Kingdom Cadbury Schweppes Ireland Limited Ireland Cadbury Schweppes Management Services (Pty) Limited South Africa Cadbury Schweppes Money Management plc United Kingdom Cadbury Schweppes Overseas Limited United Kingdom Cadbury Schweppes Treasury (Isle of Man) Isle of Man

Cadbury Schweppes Treasury (UK) United Kingdom Cadbury Schweppes Treasury America Ireland Cadbury Schweppes Treasury International Ireland Cadbury Schweppes Treasury Services Ireland Cadbury Schweppes US Finance LLC Delaware United States Cadbury Schweppes Zimbabwe (Private) Limited Zimbabwe Cadbury Services SA Spain Cadbury Singapore Pte Limited Singapore Cadbury South Africa (Holdings) Limited United Kingdom Cadbury South Africa (Pty) Limited South Africa Cadbury South East Asia Limited Thailand Cadbury Stani Adams Argentina S.A. Argentina Cadbury Stani Adams Chile Productos Alimenticios Limitada Chile Cadbury Stimorol Danmark ApS Denmark Cadbury Sweden AB Sweden Cadbury Sweets Holdings B.V. Netherlands Cadbury Switzerland AG Switzerland Cadbury Three LLP United Kingdom Cadbury Trebor Bassett Services Limited United Kingdom Cadbury Wedel Sp. z o.o. Poland

[edit] Executive payIn 2008 Todd Stitzer, Cadbury's CEO, was paid a 2,665,000 bonus. Combined with his annualsalary of 985,000 and other payments of 448,000 this gives a total remuneration of over4 million.[58]

[edit] Accounting

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In July 2007, Cadbury Schweppes announced that it would be outsourcing its transactionalaccounting and order capture functions toShared Business Services(SBS) centres run by acompany calledGenpact, (a businesses services provider) in India, China, andRomania. Thiswas to affect all business units and be associated with U.S. and UK functions being transferred toIndia by the end of 2007, with all units transferred by mid-2009. Depending on the success of

this move, other accounting Human Resources functions may follow. This development is likelyto lead to the loss of several hundred jobs worldwide, but also to several hundred jobs beingcreated, at lower salaries commensurate with wages paid in developing countries.[59]

[edit] Products

Main article:List of Cadbury products

Major chocolate brands produced by Cadbury include the barsDairy Milk,Crunchie,Caramel,Wispa,Boost,Picnic,Flake,Curly Wurly,Chomp, andFudge; chocolateButtons; the boxedchocolate brandMilk Tray; and the twist-wrapped chocolatesHeroes.

As well as Cadbury's chocolate, the company also ownsMaynardsand Halls, and is associatedwith several types of confectionery including former Trebor and Bassett's brands or productssuch asLiquorice Allsorts,Jelly Babies,Flumps,Mints,Dolly Mix,Black Jackchews,Tridentgum, and Softmints.

Notable product introductions include:

1865:Cocoa Essence 1875:Easter Eggs 1897:Milk ChocolateandFingers 1905:Dairy Milk 1908:Bournville 1915:Milk Tray 1920:Flake 1923:Creme Egg 1929:Crunchie 1938:Roses 1948:Fudge 1960:Dairy Milk Buttons 1968:Picnic 1970:Curly Wurly 1974:Snack 1983:Wispa(relaunched 2007) 1985:Boost 1987:Twirl 1992:Time Out 1995:Wispa Gold(relaunched 2009) 1996:Fuse 2001:Brunch Bar,DreamandFlake Snow

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://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cadbury_Creme_Egghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cadbury_Creme_Egghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crunchiehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crunchiehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crunchiehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cadbury_Roseshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cadbury_Roseshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cadbury_Roseshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fudge_%28chocolate_bar%29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fudge_%28chocolate_bar%29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fudge_%28chocolate_bar%29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cadbury_Buttonshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cadbury_Buttonshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cadbury_Buttonshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Picnic_%28chocolate_bar%29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Picnic_%28chocolate_bar%29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Picnic_%28chocolate_bar%29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Curly_Wurlyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Curly_Wurlyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Curly_Wurlyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cadbury_Snackhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cadbury_Snackhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cadbury_Snackhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wispahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wispahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wispahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boost_%28chocolate_bar%29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boost_%28chocolate_bar%29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boost_%28chocolate_bar%29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Twirl_%28chocolate_bar%29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Twirl_%28chocolate_bar%29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Twirl_%28chocolate_bar%29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Time_Out_%28chocolate_bar%29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Time_Out_%28chocolate_bar%29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Time_Out_%28chocolate_bar%29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wispa_Goldhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wispa_Goldhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wispa_Goldhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fuse_%28chocolate_bar%29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fuse_%28chocolate_bar%29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fuse_%28chocolate_bar%29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brunch_Barhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brunch_Barhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brunch_Barhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dream_%28chocolate%29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dream_%28chocolate%29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dream_%28chocolate%29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flake_%28chocolate_bar%29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flake_%28chocolate_bar%29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flake_%28chocolate_bar%29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flake_%28chocolate_bar%29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dream_%28chocolate%29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brunch_Barhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fuse_%28chocolate_bar%29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wispa_Goldhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Time_Out_%28chocolate_bar%29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Twirl_%28chocolate_bar%29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boost_%28chocolate_bar%29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wispahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cadbury_Snackhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Curly_Wurlyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Picnic_%28chocolate_bar%29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cadbury_Buttonshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fudge_%28chocolate_bar%29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cadbury_Roseshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crunchiehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cadbury_Creme_Egghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flake_%28chocolate_bar%29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Milk_Trayhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bournville_%28chocolate_bar%29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cadbury_Dairy_Milkhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cadbury_Fingershttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Milk_Chocolatehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Easter_Eggshttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Cocoa_Essence&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trident_%28gum%29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trident_%28gum%29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black_Jack_%28confectionery%29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dolly_Mixhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mint_%28candy%29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flump_%28sweet%29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jelly_babyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liquorice_allsortshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maynardshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heroes_%28confectionery%29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Milk_Trayhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cadbury_Dairy_Milk_Buttonshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fudge_%28chocolate_bar%29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chomp_%28chocolate_bar%29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Curly_Wurlyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flake_%28chocolate_bar%29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Picnic_%28chocolate_bar%29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boost_%28chocolate_bar%29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wispahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cadbury_Caramelhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crunchiehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cadbury_Dairy_Milkhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Cadbury_productshttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Cadbury&action=edit&section=17http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cadbury#cite_note-58http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romaniahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genpacthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shared_services

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2009:Snow Bites 2010: Dairy Milk Silk and Dairy Milk Bliss 2011: BiscBits and Big Race

[edit] Advertising controversy

In May 2011 the modelNaomi Campbelldescribed the new advertisement for the Bliss bar as'insulting and hurtful'. Reacting to the advertisement, which had the tag lineMove over Naomithere is a new diva in town, Campbell said, "I am shocked. It's upsetting to be described aschocolate, not just for me, but for all black women and black people. I do not find any humour inthis."[60]A spokesperson for the company insisted that the campaign was "a light-hearted take onthe social pretensions of Cadbury Dairy Milk Bliss". The campaign was, he later added, "nolonger in circulation... we have no plans to repeat the campaign."

Reacting to Campbell's outburst, comedianReginald D. Hunter, on the BBC television comedyquizHave I Got News For You, suggested that it was complimentary for black people to be

compared to chocolate, and that enjoyment of the Bliss bar might even be enhanced by a love ofblack people.[61]

[edit] Health and safety

[edit] 2006 Salmonella scare

On 19 January 2006, Cadbury Schweppes detected a rare strain of theSalmonellabacteria,affecting seven of its products, said to have been caused by a leaking pipe. The leak occurred atitsMarlbrookplant, inHerefordshire, which produces chocolate crumb mixture; the mixture is

then transported to factories atBournvilleand formerly Somerdale to be turned into milkchocolate.[62]

Cadbury Schweppes officially notified theFood Standards Agency, shortly after which itrecalled more than a million chocolate bars.[62]

In December 2006, the company announced that the cost of dealing with the contaminationwould reach 30 million.[63][64]

In April 2007,Birmingham City Councilannounced that it would be prosecuting CadburySchweppes in relation to three alleged offences of breaching health and safety legislation. An

investigation being carried out at that time byHerefordshire Councilled to a further six chargesbeing brought.[63]The company pleaded guilty to all nine charges,[65][66]and was fined 1 millionpounds at Birmingham Crown Courtthe sentencing of both cases was brought together.[67]Analysts have said the fine is not material to the group, with mitigating factors limiting the finebeing that the company quickly admitted its guilt and said it had been mistaken that the infectiondid not pose a threat to health.[67]

[edit] 2007 recalls

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