No. 11 Bulletin of April 2008

Website: www.cosspak.org (Email: info@cosspak.org)Mailing Address: # 307, 3rd Floor, Dossal Arcade, Jinnah Avenue, Islamabad (Ph: 092-51-2274565)

History of Evaluation of Social Sciences in PakistanInayatullah

n academic history of Pakistan the concept ‘social sciences’ emerged only in early 80s. Before that every discipline now being grouped into a broad

category of social sciences vigorously claimed its separate identity. Even in 2008 when the concept is being increasingly used in academic discourse, it remains a concept often empty of substance. The few scholars who write books and publish papers in journals rarely used the interdisciplinary or multidisciplinary approaches, which are an essential ingredient of social scientific approach. At the level of teaching only a few departments require their students to take courses outside the department.

I

The evaluation of social sciences in Pakistan can be done as separate disciplines by using the criteria specific to their development and by using the criteria, which are common to all of them and can measure their collective development. Here the history and mechanisms of evaluation of social sciences in Pakistan as a group is reviewed to identify the extent to which they are maintaining their pre-existing separateness and are moving towards acquiring the status of social sciences. One general criterion for

Causes of Underdevelopment of Social Sciences in Pakistan

Relatively weak scientific academic legacy that Pakistan inherited from British and pre-British India.

The attitude of Pakistani State, which caught in the web of persistent perception of insecurity, has assigned low priority to the development of scientific knowledge as reflected in negligible allocation of funds for it particularly for the development of social sciences.

Limited foreign support for development of social sciences.

Internal brain drain of capable social scientists to affluent private universities and external brain drain to other countries.

High students teacher ratio leaving limited time for teachers to pursue research.

Inadequate financial incentives and symbolic rewards for attracting and retaining highly qualified teachers and researchers.

What is Inside:Activities of Council of Social Sciences, Pakistan (COSS)Review of COSS PublicationsIslamabad Social Sciences Forum (ISSF)Letters to the EditorDevelopments in AcademiaConferences, Seminars and Special LecturesPapers Presented in ConferencesSelected Articles from Professional JournalsBooks, Articles and Reports published during 2007-2008

Excerpts from Papers PublishedActivities of Associations of Social ScientistsBrief Introduction to Chinese Academy of Social SciencesAppointments, Postings, Transfers and RetirementsImprovement in QualificationsObituariesNew Members of COSSFunding of COSSTrust for Global Peace

identifying a discipline as potentially social science discipline used here is that it studies human interactions using scientific methodology.

The evaluation of social sciences in Pakistan, has been done under five auspices; by the departments teaching a discipline, by the associations of social scientists, by the councils of social sciences, in conferences of professional associations of social scientists, and by individual and a group of scholars. Below the evaluation done by them is examined.

1. Evaluation by Departments Teaching a Discipline The tradition of evaluation by departments teaching a discipline has been weak in Pakistani academia. Only a few teachers associated with a social science department have evaluated their disciplines. S. M. Zaidi, head of the Department of Psychology of Karachi University published three articles on the history and development of Psychology in Pakistan, one in 1959 and two in 1975. Later in 2000 Abdul Haque of Department of Psychology, Sindh University published a paper on ‘Development of Psychology in Pakistan’ which is included in Encyclopedia of Psychology, Oxford University Press. In 1966, Hassan Nawaz Gardezi, the Head of Department of Sociology at Punjab University, compiled and edited a book, Sociology in Pakistan, which evaluated the state of the discipline.

In 1998, Pakistan Institute of Development Economics published in its Journal, Pakistan Development Review, Vol. 37, No. 4, winter three studies evaluating different aspects of discipline of Economics. They are S. M. Naseem, ‘Economists and Pakistan’s Economic Development: Is there a Connection’, S M Naseem, Sarfraz Qureshi and Rehana Siddiqui, ‘Conditions of Teaching and Research in Economics: Some Preliminary Findings’, and Nadeem Ul Haque and Mahmood Hasan Khan, ‘The Economics Profession in Pakistan: A Historical Analysis’. All the three articles have been reprinted in Social Science in Pakistan in the 1990s (COSS, 2003) edited by Akbar Zaidi. The book is accessible on the website of Council of Social Sciences, Pakistan (www.cosspak.org).

2. Evaluation by Professional Associations of Social Scientists

During the 50s and 60s there emerged six associations of practitioners of different social science disciplines. In their annual conferences, which they did not hold regularly, the

outgoing presidents of associations occasionally reviewed problems that their disciplines faced. But with one or two exceptions, they did not evaluate the state of their disciplines in qualitative or quantitative terms, nor did they identify the causes of their development or underdevelopment.

3. Evaluation by Council of Social Sciencesa. Emergence of Centre of Social Sciences and

Humanities (COSH) The organisations that could have evaluated the social sciences as collective body, such as councils of social sciences, took long time to emerge. First attempt to create such a body was made by University Grants Commission (UGC), when in 1983 it established the Centre of Social Sciences and Humanities (COSH). COSH was not a council of social sciences but a prototype of it. It was given the task to develop, promote and improve education and research in social sciences in institutions of higher education.

COSH set up a group of social scientists to conduct an in-depth study of six social science disciplines - History, International Relations, Philosophy, Political Science, Psychology, and Sociology/Anthropology/Social Work.

A draft report prepared by the Group found that a significant number of social science teachers did not possess adequate qualification for teaching and research at the graduate level neither were they sufficiently motivated to improve them. The report also indicated that they seemed ‘to be seriously disoriented and demoralised’ Analysing the causes of this phenomenon, the report observed that the primary cause of this was the lack of academic leadership, the irrelevance of social science teaching to our social environment and its needs’, and the use of a foreign language as the language of academic discourse.

The establishment of COSH for the first time introduced the concept of social sciences in academia. The report of its Group further reinforced it as it dealt with the collective problems of all disciplines designated as social sciences. As the report was not published or circulated, it made no impact on the development of social sciences.

b. Emergence of First Council of Social SciencesThe first conference of social sciences in 1988 (discussed later) resolved to set up a council of social sciences but controversy over the issue of autonomy of the proposed council in relation to UGC prevented the implementation of resolution. In 1993 National Institute of Historical and

Council of Social Sciences, Pakistan 2 Bulletin No. 10, April 2008E 17

2

Cultural Research, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad made another attempt to create a council. Again it floundered on the issue of autonomy. Young social scientists particularly those belonging to civil society organisations were reluctant to support a council located in the state sector.

The third attempt to create a Council of Social Sciences was made by the University Grants Commission in collaboration with local office of UNESCO in 1999. For this purpose a number of meetings with some social scientists in Islamabad were held. The differences on the issue of autonomy re-emerged. Finally, one social scientist who was supporting autonomy got the Council registered on June 3, 2000. As UGC could not provide space for the office of Council and funds for running it, the office of Council was located at the residence of this member of the Council. Since then it is functioning as an autonomous organisation located in its own office and is known by its popular name ‘COSS’.

Since its emergence in 2000 up to April 2008, the Council of Social Sciences (COSS) has produced a number of publications. In 2001 it reprinted S. H. Hashmi edited book, The State of Social Sciences in Pakistan. In 2003, it published, The Social Sciences in the 1990s, which Akbar Zaidi compiled and edited on behalf of COSS. The book consists of nine papers, which critically examine the state of five disciplines. Based on its own research and that of commissioned papers, COSS has published in 2005, Social Sciences in Pakistan: A Profile, edited by Inayatullah, Rubina Saigol and Pervez Tahir and in 2006, Associations of Social Scientists: An Analytical Study, edited by Inayatullah. The Council has also published a monograph in 2002 by S. Akbar Zaidi ‘Dismal State of Social Sciences in Pakistan’. Its findings are evident from its title. The above mentioned evaluations of social sciences corroborate a general conclusion that the state of social sciences in Pakistan has to be improved considerably to come up to international standards.

At present COSS is finalising three studies namely ‘Changing Profile of Social Scientists: A Quantitative and Qualitative Study of Teachers of Social Sciences in Public Universities of Pakistan from 1963 to 2001’, PhD and MPhil Research in Social Sciences: A Study of Theses Produced in Public Universities of Pakistan from 1947 to 2001’ and ‘Recalling our Pioneers’. For description of the latter see page 4.

c. The Creation of Second Council of Social SciencesIn 2001, the University Grants Commission was replaced by Higher Education Commission (HEC), which set up a Committee for Development of Social Sciences and Humanities in April 2003. Under its general supervision the Committee set up in February 2004 a Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council (SSHRC). By March 2008 SSHRC has financially supported the organisation of five conferences related to social sciences. The proceedings of

three conferences have been published in the following books. Ghazala Irfan (ed.), Ethics, Values & Society: Social

Transformation, Karachi, Oxford University Press, 2006 (Proceedings of Conference organised by Lahore University of Management Sciences (LUMS) and Higher Education Commission of Pakistan, at Lahore from March 31 to April 3, 2005).

Social Sciences: Endangered and Engendered, 2006. (Proceedings of International Conference organised by Fatima Jinnah Women University, Rawalpindi, in collaboration with Higher Commission, Islamabad on December 10-12, 2004).

Earthquake 10/8: Social, Human and Gender Issues, 2006 (Proceedings of International Conference organised by Fatima Jinnah Women University, Rawalpindi and University of Azad Jammu & Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, in collaboration with Higher Commission, Islamabad on January 15-17, 2006).

The first two books are a significant addition to the good quality social science literature in Pakistan.4. Evaluation through National Conferences of Social

Scientistsa. First National Conference of Social Scientists More than a decade after the report of COSH Group mentioned above, the Faculty of Social Sciences of Quaid-i-Azam University in 1986 commissioned a number of papers on the development of 17 social sciences disciplines. The papers were prepared within a common and explicit theoretical framework and well-defined set of criteria of evaluation. They were presented at a conference held in 1988 and most of them were published by the university in 1989 in a book, The State of Social Sciences in Pakistan; edited by S. H. Hashmi. Based on the 17 studies, Inayatullah in the introductory chapter of the book concluded that measured against international standards of creativity, objectivity, theoretical and methodological rigour, interdisciplinary orientation, contribution to global social sciences, and relevance to the problems of state and society, social sciences in Pakistan were underdeveloped. The chapter also identified the causes of this underdevelopment. The Council of Social Sciences, which emerged in 2000, reprinted the book in 2001 and placed it on its website.

b. Second National Conferences of Social ScientistsAfter the first national conference in 1988, a second conference of Social Scientists was held in December 2003. It was organised by a consortium of organisations, which included the Committee on the Development of Social Sciences and Humanities mentioned above, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Fatima Jinnah Women University, Rawalpindi and Council of Social Sciences, Pakistan, Islamabad. The local office of UNESCO financed it. Most of the papers presented at the conference were compiled into a report ‘Proceedings of Conference on State of Social Sciences and Humanities: Current Scenario and Emerging Trends’, 2004.

5. Evaluation by Individual ScholarsIn addition to the evaluation of social sciences conducted by organisations described above, two independent scholars have published evaluative studies. In 1993 K. K. Aziz, the well known historian, produced two books, The Murder of History: A Critique of History Textbooks Used in Pakistan, and The Pakistani Historian: Pride and Prejudice in the Writing of History, in which he identified serious mistakes in history books. One chapter of the second book ‘The University Historian’ has been reprinted in Social Science in Pakistan in the 1990s, 2003 which is available on the website of Council of Social Science (COSS). In 1994 Hasan Nawaz Gardezi, former Chairperson of Department of Sociology of Punjab University, published a paper with the title of ‘Contemporary Sociology in Pakistan’.

Systematic and scientific evaluation of social sciences in Pakistan started in mid eighties. Since 2003 it has picked up some momentum. The major factors that delayed such evaluation were: the late development of concept of social sciences, weak professional associations of practitioners of different disciplines, the lack of interest in self evaluation by fragmented community of social scientists and the lack of resources including general absence of scholars interested and capable of undertaking such a task. It is difficult to assess the impact of whatever evaluation has been done so far. If the process continues, its impact is likely to emerge in next five years.

Activities of Council of Social Sciences, Pakistan (COSS)

In its series of papers related to Pakistan and published in professional journals abroad, COSS has placed the following two papers on its website www.cosspak.org ‘Disaster Studies in Pakistan: A Social Science

Perspective’ by Pervez Tahir, presented in the 17th

Biennial General Conference of Association of Asian Social Science Research Councils (AASSREC) held at Nagoya University, Japan on September 27-30, 2007. For an access to the paper please visit: <http://www.cosspak.org/brochure.php?id=22&name=High%20Quality%20Papers>

‘Responding to Terrorist Threat: Perspectives from Saudi Arabia and Pakistan’, by Syed Rifaat Hussain, originally published in Journal of South Asian and Middle Eastern Studies, Vol. XXX, No. 3, Spring 2007. For access to the paper please click the following link: <http://www.cosspak.org/brochure.php?id=22&name=High%20Quality%20Papers>

Recalling Our PioneersCOSS is presently engaged in a project ‘Recalling our Pioneers’. The project aims to record the contribution of prominent social scientists, who are no longer with us. The criterion of selecting these pioneers was their long-lasting contributions in their field of specialisation in the form of publications.

As a first step in the study, 25 social scientists from different fields were chosen as pioneers in consultation with selected experts. They included Abdul Hameed (History), Afzal Iqbal (History and International Affairs), Akhter Hameed Khan (Rural Development), Aziz Ahmed (Islamic History), C. A. Qadir (Philosophy), Fazl ur Rehman (History), Feroz Ahmed (Sociology), Hamza Alavi (Sociology), Ishtiaq Hussain Qureshi (History), Khwaja Sarwar Hassan (International Relations), M. M. Sharif (Philosophy), Mahbubul Haq (Economics), Mahmud Hussain (History), Moinul Haq (History), Muhammad Ajmal (Psychology), S. M. Ikram (History), S. M. Jaffer (History/Archives), Sabeeha Hafeez (Sociology), S. M. Akhtar (Economics), S. M. Moghni (Psychology) and Sultan Hashmi (Demography).

The Council is looking for scholars who can write on the following four pioneers; Zahid Husain (Economist and the first Governor, State Bank of Pakistan and the first Chairman Planning Commission of Pakistan.), S. M. Akhter (economist), Nazir Ahmed (Founder and first Director of Documentation Centre, Cabinet Division, Government of Pakistan) and Riaz-ul-Islam (Historian).

Twenty-five scholars related to the fields of respective social sciences were invited to prepare papers on the above pioneers. Twenty-one of them accepted the invitation. By 20th April the Council has received 14 papers and expects to receive the remaining seven by the end of May. The Council is still looking for scholars who can write on S. M. Akhter, Zahid Husain, Nazir Ahmed and Riaz-ul-Islam.

Dr. Akhter Hameed Khan Memorial AwardThe ceremony to give Dr. Akhter Khan Memorial Award to the author of the best book in social sciences written in 2006-2007 (July to June) in any of the following fields (i) rural/urban development (ii) peace (iii) poverty and its alleviation and (iv) gender discrimination that was scheduled to be held in November has been postponed. Now the Award giving ceremony will be held in May this year.

Review of COSS PublicationsProf. Anis Alam has reviewed the COSS book Social Sciences in Pakistan: A Profile in The Lahore Journal of Economics, Vol. 12, No. 1, Jan-June 2007, pp. 185-7. Some extracts from the review are given below. For the full review click http://www.cosspak.org/data/BookReviewofProfilebyDrAnisAlamLJE.pdf

‘The book under review takes stock of the state in which various disciplines of the social sciences exist in Pakistan. It consists of twenty essays, seventeen of which describe the state of Economics, History, Pakistan Studies, Political Science, International Relations, Peace and Conflict Resolution, Area Studies, Strategic Studies, Sociology, Public Administration, Linguistics, Journalism and Mass Communication, Philosophy, Psychology, Anthropology, Women’s Studies and Education. One essay assesses the

Council of Social Sciences, Pakistan 4 Bulletin No. 10, April 2008E 17

4

contribution of NGOs to social science research in Pakistan, while another looks at the quantitative development of the social sciences. Inayatullah has contributed an introduction, while Rubina Saigol has provided a conclusion. All contributors hold senior positions in universities and research establishments. All essays evaluate the state of their discipline, quantitatively as well as qualitatively. They also try to identify the factors that have helped or hindered the development of their respective disciplines.

‘Pakistan inherited the colonial state and other affiliated institutions, the schools, colleges and the Punjab University. At that time only traditional disciplines such as economics, political science, history and philosophy were taught at undergraduate levels in colleges. The practice continued in the earlier years after independence. Since Pakistan became a US ally in the Cold War soon after independence, American influence replaced the earlier British colonial perspective in the study of various subjects. With American assistance, newer disciplines were introduced: Public Administration in 1955, Sociology, Social Work, Applied Psychology in the 1960s, Anthropology, Area Studies, Strategic Studies, International Relations in the 1970s and Peace and Conflict Studies and Women’s Studies in the 1990s. A significant development of the late 1970s has been the decline of the discipline of History and the introduction of the subject of Pakistan Studies as a compulsory subject up to the undergraduate level. This has made the teachers of this new subject the largest group among college teachers.

‘All contributors have noted that, despite impressive growth in the numbers of teachers and institutions, the state of social science in Pakistan is very unsatisfactory. Hardly any significant research has emerged from these institutions despite a large number of theses churned out by post-graduates.

‘The book is successful in its endeavour of giving the reader a comprehensive picture of the state of development of various disciplines of the social sciences. However, except for a very few, most articles are descriptive rather than analytical. They shed little light on the reasons for the sad state of the social sciences in Pakistan.

‘Rubina Saigol notes in her concluding essay, “overwhelming ideological orientation of teachers across the disciplinary spectrum revolves around religious and nationalist thinking…..So deeply rooted are the teachers and students in the hegemonic version of state and society that even the social sciences, which are tasked to produce alternative visions, fail to do so.” The absence of debate and controversy, discussions and contention, makes most of the universities very dull and insipid places where received knowledge from old books is transmitted from generation to generation in the same unchanging way’.

‘This book is a wake up call for all thinking individuals as well as social scientists in Pakistan, as it highlights the dismal state of the social sciences in Pakistan. Social

scientists have failed to study and understand the contours and the dynamics of their own society, leaving the task to foreign governments and academics.’

Islamabad Social Sciences Forum (ISSF)Islamabad Social Sciences Forum meets on the last Friday of every month since its establishment in 1990. Its activities during the last three months include: A. H. Nayyar, ‘A Probable Pakistani Response to the

US-India Nuclear Deal: Some Technical Aspects’ on October 26, 2007.

Fayyazuddin, ‘Development of Science and its Impact on Society’ on November 30, 2007.

Noor Fatima, ‘Role of International Economic Agencies in Pakistan’s Economic Development’ on January 25, 2008.

Anwar Syed, ‘Prospects of Democracy in Pakistan’ on February 25, 2008.

Inayatullah, ‘Five Major Threats to Survival and Welfare of Human Race’ on March 28, 2008.

Ijaz Shafi Gilani, ‘Dilemmas of Democracy: Pakistani and Global Experiences’ on April 25, 2008.

Letters to the Editor‘Thank you very much for sending a set of publications of the Council of Social Sciences. I have gone through the material relating to Education, Research and Plagiarism, which are really pertinent issues relating to the most vital aspects of our national identity and adversely affecting the productive capabilities of Pakistani universities. One is baffled to witness the borrowed issues and texts and fabrication of research data to defeat the very purpose of the creative and original knowledge, which should be the governing aim of the university scholars. These sham trends in our universities needs to be arrested by creating awareness that is evident from your relevant publications under review. The issue needs the collective efforts of all those at the helm of affairs to discourage and banish such elements who are out to adulterate our higher educational system.

‘I appreciate your bold attempt and pray for your success in the extremely noble cause. May Allah guide and assist you in your objective-oriented endeavour. The university would feel highly indebted if you could deliver a lecture on this burning topic to the faculty and the students on the campus.’ Prof. Dr. Ihsan AliVice Chancellor, Hazara University, December 1, 2007

‘I see little coverage of all that happens at PIDE on COSS. Am I wrong? I always thought PIDE was integral to social science in Pakistan and that is why I instantly agreed to buy your institutional membership. Yet PIDE events do not receive coverage in COSS. Why? I do not even see PIDE publications listed in COSS bulletin’. Dr. Nadeem Ul HaquePakistan Institute of Development Economics, Islamabad

‘We, a group of scholars, students and practitioners of social sciences are aiming to form a study group in social sciences

in Karachi, namely, the Karachi Study Group in Social Sciences. What we are planning is to register this organisation. We would like COSS to give us some suggestions about how to go about it: shall we form an NGO or any other possibility. If NGO, how to go about it? Waiting for your prompt reply. ‘Sohail Amirali <Sohail amirali’ <sbawani@gmail.com> October 12, 2007

‘The Social Sciences Journals list [placed on COSS website] is very useful but without any contact and submission details, this is not much of a use. It would be nice to see contact and submission details, and if they are HEC approved Journals or not, to be of any practical value. Especially for those who are not in Pakistan and still want to make a contribution. ‘Dr. Shabnam Malik <sbm101@hotmail.com>September 9, 2007

‘I finally found the time from the hectic operational and bureaucratic routine to make my intellectual statement on Social Policy. In keeping with my earlier habits, we launched a seminar series on Social Science and Policy. This is the third year of the seminar series. Taking advantage of the electronic age we have posted all the seminars on the Social Policy website (http://worldbank.org/socialpolicy) I created in 2005.

‘We have also initiated a book series on "New Frontiers of Social Policy" drawing, in part, on the papers from the conference. The first three books of the series are complete, with two more to follow in the next year. The web introduction is given below, and also gives you links to the three books. In a few months we will also publish a web version of the books which I will send to you, in case others are interested in downloading any of the materials. The series introduction is in the book called Inclusive States where I have laid out my rationale for the book series.’Dr. Anis Dani Lead Social Scientist, Social Development Department, ESSD, The World Bank, Washington DC, May 4, 2008

‘When requested to make a presentation on the subject of Philosophy of Social Sciences in a monthly meeting of Islamabad Social Sciences Forum, Hamza Alavi replied:

‘I do not have anything written on the philosophy of social Sciences, which I taught at Manchester. I do have some new meta-theoretical ideas on the subject organised on the concept of the ‘individual’ and society in Social sciences. I presented them at the universities in USA and Canada, which were well appreciated. The presentations were off the cuff and I never got around to writing them up. People in Islamabad are unlikely to appreciate the subject unless they are interested in social sciences. I taught social sciences mainly in reference to economic theory, sociology and social anthropology (both of British School, in Anthropology Radcliffe Brown, E.E Evans Pritchard etc and in Sociology Talcott Parsons etc) the latter two being in discourse of structural functionalism vs. methodological individualism. In

political science I referred to the theories of the utilitarian school as well as Thomas Hobbes vs. Parsonian political theory of the ‘Chicago School’ comprising of Gabriel Almond, Coleman and others. The latter two traditions were in juxtaposition to the dialectical conceptions of Hegel and Marx. My exposition shall take an hour, which will again be out of the cuff. My earlier presentation at Ithaca was recorded for the library with my consent.’Hamza Alavi, January 25, 2002

Developments in Academia Higher Education Times Supplement, Britain has

included three public sector universities of Pakistan amongst the top 600 universities of the world. They include National University of Science and Technology (NUST) ranked at No. 470, University of Karachi ranked at No.560 and Quaid-i-Azam University ranked at No. 564. (HEC Press Release, December 4, 2007).

Higher Education Commission has procured a software entitled ‘Ithenticate’ to detect

plagiarism by Pakistani authors. Under this programme, every article published from academic and research institutions in Pakistan is being carefully checked for plagiarism. The software automatically compares sentences and paragraphs in the articles of Pakistani author published in international journals against all international publications and provides information on any copied material within seconds. The software is also being used to check plagiarism in PhD theses in Pakistani universities, a repository of which has been created in the HEC. (HEC Press Release, August 11, 2007)

has extended the validity period of National Testing Service (NTS) test results from the existing period of one year to two years. Thus, the test cleared in January 2007, will be valid up to January 2009. (HEC Press Release, February 15, 2008)

has decided to introduce five years LLB degree programme in public sector universities and degree awarding institutions. (HEC Press Release, January 11, 2008)

will publish under its Monograph and Textbook Writing Scheme world’s first monograph entitled ‘Urdu Research in Universities’ by Prof. Dr. Rafi-uddin Hashmi. The monograph will include a bibliographical list of 4374 titles in which M.Litt. MPhil, PhD and D.Lit. degrees in Urdu Literature and Language have been awarded by 81 universities of the world. (HEC Press Release, January 18, 2008)

has introduced Outstanding Research Award Series which include:

a. Life Time Achievement Award of Rs. 500,000 (Four Awards)The Award is to be given to an academic in recognition of his contribution to the development of society through education, research and governance of related disciplines. It plans to give four Awards in this category, which include Bio-Sciences, Basic and

Council of Social Sciences, Pakistan 6 Bulletin No. 10, April 2008E 17

6

Applied Sciences, Engineering and Technology and Management Sciences and Social Sciences and Humanities.

b. Best Research Paper Award of Rs. 50,000 (20 Awards)Six Awards are to be given in Basic and Applied Sciences, five each in Bio-Sciences and Engineering and Technology, two in Social Sciences and one each in Management Sciences and Humanities. The nominee for the Award must be the lead author of the paper. The research work must have been initiated in Pakistan. In case of collaborative research at least 80 percent of work contribution must be from Pakistani side.

c. Best Book Publication Award of Rs. 300,000 (4 Awards)Four Awards are to be given in the field of Bio-Sciences, Basic and Applied Sciences, Engineering and Technology and Management Sciences, Social Sciences and Humanities. The book must be authored by the nominee and published (normally by well-known international publisher.

d. Best Innovator Award of Rs. 150,000 (One Award)The Award is to be granted to those scholars who have made innovative and inventive contributions in their fields of specialisation granted or published international patents, product designs and other written/published submissions.

e. Best Young Research Scholar Award of Rs. 100,000 (4 Awards)The Awards are to be given in Bio-Sciences, Basic and Applied Sciences, Engineering and Technology and Management Sciences, Social Sciences and Humanities. The Award is available to faculty members and PhD students under the age of 40. The award will be granted on the basis of the number of quality of publications, written abstracts, conference presentations and academic achievements.

Universities

International Islamic University, Islamabad The Board of Studies of the Department of History in its meeting on June 30, 2007 approved BS and MS leading to PhD programmes.

Civil Society Organisations (NGOs) launched the Virtual Political Resource Centre. For further information please visit www.pakistanpolitics.org

Conferences, Seminars and Special LecturesUniversities

International Islamic University, Islamabad organised a lecture on ‘Tolerance in Islam: A Historical

Perspective’ by renowned scholar and author Karen Armstrong under the auspices of Iqbal International

institute of Research Education and Dialogue on February 1, 2008.

Government College University (GCU), Lahore organised a conference ‘The State of Social Sciences in

Pakistan on March 27, 2008. Department of Economics in collaboration with Higher

Education Commission organised a conference on ‘Financing Higher Education in Pakistan’ on Nov. 10, 2007.

Fatima Jinnah Women University, RawalpindiThe Department of Education organised a two-day national conference on ‘Empowering Teachers: Practices and Possibilities’ on March 3-4, 2008.

University of Karachi, Karachi Department of Islamic History organised a conference

‘Pakistan: Challenges and Responses’ on April 16, 2008.

Department of International Relations in collaboration with the Higher Education Commission and the Hanns Seidel Foundation organised first International Relations Conference entitled, ‘The State of International Relations in Pakistan' on March 26-27, 2008.

Pakistan Study Centre in collaboration with quarterly

journal Tareekh organised a one-day national conference on ‘Revisiting 1857’ on December 27, 2007, in connection with centenary celebration of the historic 1857 War of Independence. This was the last event in a series of conferences and seminars held by the University of Karachi and Tareekh in the year 2007.

Aga Khan University, KarachiThe Institute for Educational Development organised an international conference on ‘Status of Educational Reform in Developing Countries’ on April 8-10, 2008.

Bahria University, IslamabadThe Creativity Bench organised a seminar ‘Reflections of Academic Discourse and Critical Thinking as a Process’. (The News, March 31, 2008)

Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad Department of Economics organised a one day national

seminar on ‘Trade and Economic Growth Linkages’ on June 27, 2007.

Area Study Centre for Africa, North & South America, organised a one day seminar on March 17, 2008 on ‘Ibn Khaldun: The Founder of Social Sciences’. The following speakers addressed the symposium:

1. Dr. Noman ul Haq, ‘The Earthbound Journey of Historical Methodology: Explaining Ibn Khaldun's Fatherhood of the Social Sciences’.

2. Mir Annice Mehmud ‘Economic Thought of Ibn Khaldun’.

3. Dr. Zoughaier Dhaouadi, ‘Ibn-Khaldun’s Philosophy on Governance’.

Hazara University, Mansehra organised 10th national conference on Pakistan Archaeology on September 6-9, 2007.

University of Sargodha, Sargodha organised an international conference on Maulana Jalaluddin Rumi on March 24-26, 2008, in connection with his 800th birth anniversary.

University of Gujrat, Gujrat University of Gujrat, Lahore Institute of History and

Culture, Punjab Lok Rahes and Punjab Lok Sujag organised a conference on ‘Revisiting 1857’ on April 5-6, 2008.

Faculty Development Resource Centre (FDRC), arranged a workshop on “Research Fundamentals and Contemporary Statistical Techniques by Using SPSS” for social sciences faculty members. In this regard, three classes per week will be held from April 22, 2008 to May 23 2008.

Research Institutes

The Council of Islamic Ideology, Islamabad organised the following lectures ‘Supreme Constitutional Code of Egypt & Islamic

Law’, by Prof. Clark Lombardi on April 28, 2008. ‘Islam in Spain’ by Ana Ballesteros on Feb. 14, 2008. ‘Reason and Rationality in Islam’ by Ebrahim E.I.

Moosa on June 27, 2007.

Institute of Strategic Studies, Islamabad organised: A two-day international conference on ‘Energy: Sources

of Regional Cooperation and Competition’ on September 3-4, 2007 in collaboration with Hans Seidel Foundation.

A one-day public seminar on ‘Pakistan-China Relations’ on October 29, 2007 in collaboration with the Embassy of Peoples Republic of China.

Sustainable Development Policy Institute (SDPI) organised: Two-day South Asian Regional Conference on

‘Revisiting Sixty Years of Freedom’ on August 11-12, 2007 in Lahore.

Tenth Sustainable Development Conference entitled ‘Sustainable Solutions: A Spotlight on South Asian Research’, on December 10-12, 2007.

Islamabad Policy Research Institute in collaboration with Hans Seidel Foundation organised an international seminar entitled ‘Co-operation in Asia – Options for Pakistan’ on September 6-9, 2007 in Islamabad.

National Democratic Institute in partnership with Centre for Civic Education Pakistan organised a Forum on ‘New Democratic Possibilities: What Next? ‘ On Feb. 27, 2008.

Civil Society Organisations (NGOs)

ActionAid International Pakistan (AAPk), Sustainable Development Policy Institute (SDPI), Human Rights Commission of Pakistan (HRCP) and Sungi Development Foundation jointly organised a ‘National Dialogue on Peace and Human Rights: Beyond Rhetoric and Power Politics’, on December 18, 2007.

The Centre for Civic Education, Islamabad organised a roundtable discussion on ‘Challenges and Chances for Democracy in Pakistan’ on December 3, 2007.

Aurat Foundation, Islamabad organised a seminar on ‘Analysis of Party Manifestos 2008 from a Gender Perspective’, on February 14, 2008.

Papers Presented in Conferences Pervez Tahir presented a paper ‘Disaster Studies in

Pakistan: A Social Science Perspective’ in the 17th Biennial General Conference of the Association of Asian Social Science Research Councils (AASSREC) titled ‘Economic Development and Environmental Issues in Asia: Perspectives from the Social Sciences’ held in Nagoya, Japan on September 27-30, 2007.

Mansoor Akbar Kundi, Dean, Faculty of Languages presented a paper entitled ‘Between Security and Sovereignty: The Case Study of Pakistan’ in the conference ‘Beyond Nation’ held in the Queens University, Belfast, Britain on September 10-12, 2007.

Ijaz Shafi Gilani, Professor of International Relations, International Islamic University, Islamabad presented a paper entitled ‘Reflections on Americanism and Anti-Americanism’ at the International Studies Association Annual Convention in Hilton, Chicago on February 28-March 3, 2007.

Sultan-i-Rome, Government College Matta, Swat presented the following papers in conferences

a. ‘The War of Independence 1857 and Swat’ in the ‘International Conference on the War of Independence 1857, ‘ organised by the Department of History, University of Peshawar, in collaboration with Higher Education Commission, Islamabad, in the Bara Gali Summer Campus of the University of Peshawar on August 18-19, 2007.

b. ‘All India Muslim League and the Princely State of Swat’ in the 21st Pakistan History Conference ‘International Conference on All India Muslim League’s Foundation Centenary’, organised by Pakistan Historical Society, and Pakistan Study Centre, University of Karachi, in Karachi on 20-21 July 2007.

c. ‘Women’s Right to Land Ownership in Swat State Areas: The Swat State Era and the post-State Scenario’ in the International Conference entitled ‘Perspectives on Religion, Politics and Society in South Asia’, organised by Pakistan Study Centre, University of the Punjab, in collaboration with the Department of History, University of the Punjab in Lahore on 19-20 Feb. 2007.

Council of Social Sciences, Pakistan 8 Bulletin No. 10, April 2008E 17

8

Selected Articles from Professional Journals1. The Pakistan Development Review, Parts I and II, Vol.

45, No. 4, Winter, 2006 (Pakistan Institute of Development Economics [PIDE], Islamabad)

The Journal contains 50 Papers and Proceedings of Twenty-second Annual General Meeting and Conference of the Pakistan Society of Development Economists, held in Lahore on December 19-22, 2006. The titles of the papers listed in the table of contents of the Journal cannot be reproduced here for lack of space.

2. Journal of South Asian and Middle Eastern Studies, Vol. 31, No. 2, winter 2008 (Pakistan American Foundation, Villanova University, USA)

Michael M. Gunter, ‘The Kurdish Road to Turkish Democracy’, pp. 1-12.

Omar Khalidi, ‘Entrepreneurs from Outside the Traditional Mercantile Communities: Muslims in India’s Private Sector’, pp. 13-42.

Lt. Col. James E, Dillard, ‘The Failure of Nehru’s Mass Contacts Campaign and the Rise of Muslim Separatism’, pp. 43-69.

3. Islamic Studies, Vol. 46, No. 2, Summer 2007 (Islamic Research Institute, Islamabad)

Syed Sikandar Shah Haneef, ‘Forensic Evidence: A Comparative Analysis of the General Position in Common Law and Shariah’, pp. 199-216.

Tanvir Anjou, ‘The Emergence of Muslim Rule in India: Some Historical Disconnects and Missing Links’, pp. 217-240.

Nahid Afrose Kabir, ‘The Predicament of Australian Muslim Women Before and After 9/11’, pp. 241-264.

4. Pakistan Perspectives, Vol. 11, No. 2, July-December 2006 (Pakistan Study Centre, University of Karachi, Karachi)

Asghar Ali Engineer, ‘Islam and Inter-Faith Engagement’, pp. 5-18.

Lubna Saif, ‘The Destruction of Democracy in Pakistan and Emergence of Authoritarianism (1953-54)’, pp. 19-43.

Fazal-ur-Rahim Marwat, ‘The Faqir of Ipi–A Mystic Warrior of Waziristan’, pp 45-68.

Moonis Ahmar, ‘Kashmir and the Process of Conflict Resolution’, pp. 69-90.

Farzana Shakoor, ‘Kashmir: The Communal Factor’, pp. 91-110.

Shumaila Shafqat Ali and S. M. Farrukh, ‘Linguistic Diversity in Pakistan: A Case Study of Language Shift and Maintenance’, pp. 119-130.

Zubeda Bano, ‘School’s Participation in Great Conversation: A Proposal for School Improvement in Pakistan’, pp. 152-158.

5. Regional Studies, Vol. 30, No. 4, Autumn, 2007 (Institute of Regional Studies, Islamabad)

Arshi Saleem Hashmi, ‘International Diplomacy vis-à-vis Potential N-Weapon States – Need for Inclusion not Isolation’, pp. 3-34.

Lubna Abid Ali, ‘Ideology and Pragmatism in Southwest Asia: A Case Study of Iran’, pp. 35-50.

Shahjahan Hafez Bhuiyan, ‘Pattern of Governance in Bangladesh: A Review of Five Regimes’, pp.51-65.

Humera Iqbal, ‘Democracy and Central Asian States’, pp. 66-99.

6. Journal of the Pakistan Historical Society, Vol. LV, Nos. 1&2, January-June 2007 (Bait al-Hikmah at Madinat al-Hikmah, Karachi.

Sharif al Mujahid, ‘Reconstructing the Saga of the all India Muslim League (1906-47)’, pp. 15-26.

Arshad Islam, ‘Syed Ahmad Khan and Muslim Shift to Modern Education’, pp. 27-64.

Satya Narayan Mishra, ‘Muslim Backwardness and the Birth of the Muslim League’, pp. 65-70.

Muhammad Reza Kazimi, ‘Secretaries of the All India Muslim League’, pp. 97-105.

Dr. Nasreen Afzal, ‘Sindh Muslim League Provincial Conference 1938: Its impact on Muslim Politics’, pp. 107-126.

Inamul Haq Kausar, ‘Balochistan Muslim League (1939-1947): Leaders and Workers’, pp. 175-223.

7. The Lahore Journal of Economics, Vol. 12, No. 2, July-December, 2007 (Lahore School of Economics, Lahore)

Shehla Amjad and S.A.F. Hasnu, ‘Smallholders Access to Rural Credit: Evidence from Pakistan’, pp. 1-25.

Ahmed Nawaz Hakro and Muhammad Akram, ‘The Incidence of Government Expenditures on Education and Health: Microeconomic Evidence from Pakistan’, pp. 27-48.

Masood Sarwar Awan and Zakir Hussain, ‘Returns to Education and Gender Differentials in Wages in Pakistan’, pp. 49-68.

M. Idrees Khawaja, ‘Exchange Market Pressure and Monetary Policy: Evidence from Pakistan’, pp. 83-115.

G. R. Pasha, Tahira Qasim and Muhammad Aslam, ‘Estimating and Forecasting Volatility of Financial Time Series in Pakistan with GARCH-type Models’, pp. 115-149.

8. Criterion, Vol. 2, No. 4, October-December 2007 (H. No. 225, St. 33, F-10/1, Islamabad)

Ishrat Husain, ‘The Politics of Economic Policy Reforms’, pp. 10-24.

Zamir Akram, ‘Kashmir Dispute: Is there a Viable Solution’, pp. 25-56.

Khaled Ahmed, ‘The Roots of Sectarianism in Pakistan’, pp. 57-85.

Khalid Aziz. ‘Need for a Pak-Afghan Treaty on Management of Joint Water’, pp. 86-117.

Shahwar Junaid, ‘Defining Moments – The Political Implications of state Policy’, pp. 118-136.

Iqbal Ahmad Khan, ‘Iran, the United States and Regional Stability’, pp. 137-165.

Manzoor Ahmad, ‘Some Reflections on Islam and Governance’, pp. 166-173.

9. The Dialogue, Vol. 2, No. 2, April-June 2007 (Qurtuba University of Science & Information Technology, Peshawar. www.qurtuba.edu.pk/thedialogue)

Muhammad Saleem, ‘ABC of Islamic Theory of Knowledge’.

Qadar Bakhsh Baloch, ‘Power of the Powerless and Powerlessness of the Powerful’.

Abdul Matin, ‘Review, Diagnosis and Prognosis of Socio-Politico-Eco Trends in Pakistan’.

Mahmood Ahmad, ‘Behind the Scene: The Contribution of Think Tanks in U.S. Policy-Making’.

Jehanzeb, ‘Regional & International Interests in Oil & Gas Pipelines to Gwadar’.

10. Market Forces: Journal of Management, Information and Technology, Vol. 3, No. 3, October 2007 (Pakistan Air Force, Karachi Institute of Economics and Technology, Karachi)

Farooq Rasheed and Eatzaz Ahmed, ‘The Convergence Criteria and the SAARC Common Currency’, pp. 215-223.

Amber Raza, ‘Personality at Work: A Study of Type A-B’, pp. 224-246.

Javed A. Ansari, ‘Is Democracy the End of History?’, pp. 258-270.

11. Pakistan Journal of History & Culture, Vol. 28, No. 2, July-December 2007, (National Institute of Historical and Cultural Research (Centre of Excellence), Quaid-i-Azam University Islamabad).

Syed Sharifuddin Pirzada, ‘Quaid-i-Azam Mohammad Ali Jinnah and Fundamental Rights’, pp. 1-6.

Riaz Ahmad, ‘An Aspect of Pakistan Movement: Muslim League’s Civil Disobedience Movement Against the NWFP Ministry of Dr. Khan Sahib (20 February – 4 June 1947)’, pp. 7-30.

Tahir Amin, ‘1977 Coup D’etat in Pakistan, pp. 31-52. Javed Haider Syed, ‘The British Advent in Balochistan’,

pp. 53-76. Lubna Saif, ‘Pakistan and SEATO’, pp. 77-90. Shahzad Iqbal Sham, ‘Islamic State and Some

Customary Sources of Legislation: Pakistan perspective’, pp. 91-109.

Syed Umar Hayat, ‘Muslim Political Ascendancy in Bengal: A Case Study of the Roles Played by the Bengal Provincial Muslim League and the Krishak Proja Party (1906-41)’, pp. 111-128.

Himayatullah, ‘Religious Transformation and Development Among the Pakhtuns: A Historical and Analytical Study’, pp. 129-150.

Eynulla Madatli, ‘Medieval Culture of Azerbaijan and its Influences in Iran, Afghanistan, Pakistan and India’, pp. 151-164.

Syed Wiqar Ali Shah, ‘Quaid-i-Azam M. A. Jinnah, Simla Conference (June 1945) and North-West Frontier Province Politics’, pp. 165-174.

12. Mujalla-i-Tareekh-o-Saqafat-i-Pakistan, Vol. 17, No. 1, April-September 2007 (National Institute of Historical and Cultural Research (Centre of Excellence), Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad).

Azra Waqar, ‘Khwaja Ghulam Farid (RA) Ki Shairi: Aik Jaiza’ (Poetry of Khwaja Ghulam Farid (RA): A Review), pp. 5-14.

Syed Muhammad Zulqarnain Zaidi, ‘Wazir-e-Azam Liaquat Ali Khan Ka Qatl’ (Prime Minister Liaquat Ali Khan’s Assassination), pp. 15-42.

Farah Gul Baqai, ‘1947 Ka Punjab Aur Fasadat’ (The Punjab of 1947 and Riots), pp. 43-58.

Kishwar Sultana, ‘Gulbadan Begum: Tareekhi-wa-Tahqeeqi Jaiza’ (Gulbadan Begum: Historical and Research Review), pp. 59-73.

Shahnaz Tariq and Humaira Arif Dasti, ‘Lesani-wa-Ilaqai Melanaat: Saraiki Tahreek Key Tanazar Mein’ (Ethnic and Regional Trends in the Background of Saraiki Movement), pp. 75-87.

13. Forced Migration Review Issue No. 29, December 2007 (Refugee Studies Centre, University of Oxford)

John Holmes, ‘Humanitarian Action: A Western-dominated Enterprise in Need of Change’, pp. 4-5.

Elizabeth Ferris, ‘The Global Humanitarian Platform: Opportunity for NGOs? ‘, pp. 6-8.

Firzan Hashim, ‘Challenges of Collective Humanitarian Response in Sri Lanka’, p. 9.

14. South Asian Journal, No. 20, April-June 2008(Free Media Foundation, 177-A, Shadman-II, Lahore)

Mariam Mufti, ‘Dynastic Politics in South Asia’, pp. 9-19.

Prakhar Sharma, ‘Afghanistan’s Experience with Democracy’, pp. 20-25.

Imtiaz Ahmed, ‘Bangladesh: Post-Emergency Challenges’, pp. 26-31.

Krishna P. Pakharel, ‘Nepal’s Roadmap to Democracy’, pp. 59-69.

Pakistan: Elections and Post-Election Scenario’, pp. 70-76.

Jayadeva Uyangoda, ‘Sri Lanka: “Old” Democracy in a Trap’, pp. 77-84.

Karin Astrid Siegmann, Nazima Shaheen and Shahbaz Bokhari, Issues Affecting in Pakistan’s Cotton Belt’, pp. 85-105.

15. Bangladesh e-Journal of Sociology, Vol. 4, No. 2, January 2007 (http://www.bangladeshsociology.org/Content.htm)

Masudur Rahman, ‘Market-State-Civil Society Relations and Development in Post-Independent Bangladesh: Some Theoretical Reflections’.

Md. Rezaul Karim, ‘Restoring the Credibility of Bangladesh Public Service Commission: Major Challenges and Policy Recommendations’.

Council of Social Sciences, Pakistan 10 Bulletin No. 10, April 2008E 17

10

Bunmi Omolayo, ‘Effect of Leadership Style on Job-Related Tension and Psychological Sense of Community in Work Organisations: A Case Study of Four Organisations in Lagos State, Nigeria’.

Dilara Zahid, ‘Impact of Cultural Globalisation on the Upper Class Youth in Dhaka City: A Sample Study’.

A. I. Mahbub Uddin Ahmed, ‘Consensual Poverty in Britain, Sweden and Bangladesh: A Comparative Study’.

Books, Articles and Reports published during 2007-2008

Books:(In alphabetical order) Abdul Sattar, Pakistan’s Foreign Policy 1947-2005: A

Concise History, Karachi, Oxford University Press, 2007, 342pp.

Ali Khan, Representing Children: Power, Policy and the Discourse on Child Labour in the Football Manufacturing Industry of Pakistan, Karachi, Oxford University Press, 2007, 240pp.

Akhtar Hassan Khan Gorchani, The Sindh Police: Brief History and Developments in 1947-1997, Karachi, Oxford University Press, 2007, 88pp.

Bilal Iqbal Avan (ed.), Early Childhood Development: From Understanding to Initiatives, Karachi, Oxford University Press, 2008, 274pp.

Daniel P. Marston and Chandar S. Sundaram (eds.), India and South Asia: From the East India Company to the Nuclear Era, Praeger Security International, 2007, 238pp.

Delia Cortese and Simonetta Calderini, Women and the Fatimids in the World of Islam, Karachi, Oxford University Press, 2007, 288pp.

Dennis Kux, India-Pakistan Negotiations: Is Past Still Prologue, Karachi, Oxford University Press, 2007, 110pp.

Hassan N. Gardezi (ed.), Chain to Lose (Memoirs of Dada Amir Haider Khan), Vol. I & II, Karachi, Pakistan Study Centre, University of Karachi, 2007.

Ian Talbot (ed.), The Deadly Embrace: Religion, Politics and Violence in India and Pakistan 1947-2002, Karachi, Oxford, 2007, 210pp.

John Briscoe and Usman Qamar, Pakistan’s Water Economy Running Dry, Karachi, Oxford University Press, 2007, 160pp.

Ikram Azama. Creativity: Seven Symbolic Symphonies, Islamabad, The

PFI and Margalla Voices, 2007, 346pp.b. Return of The Jinnahs, Islamabad, The PFI and

Margalla Voices, 2007, 149pp. Khawaja Amjad Saeed, The Economy of Pakistan 2007

Edition Revised and Updated, Karachi, Oxford University Press, 2007, 610pp.

M. Rafique Afzal, Pakistan: History and Politics, 1947-1971, Karachi, Oxford University Press, 2007, 506pp.

Mah Nazir Riaz, Areas of Psychology: For Undergraduate Students, Oxford University Press, 2007, 168pp.

Mehrunnisa Ali (ed.), Jinnah on World Affairs (Select Documents: 1908-1948), Karachi, Pakistan Study Centre, University of Karachi, 2007, 728pp.

Paul Collier, The Bottom Billion: Why the Poorest Countries are Failing and What Can be Done About it, New York, Oxford University Press, 2007, 224pp.

Rashida Qureshi and Jane F. A. Rarieya (eds.), Gender & Education in Pakistan, Karachi, Oxford University Press, 2007, 290pp.

Robert A. Huttenback, British Relations with Sindh, 1799-1843: An Anatomy of Imperialism, Karachi, Oxford University Press, 2007, 172pp.

S. M. Naseem, The Unravelling of the 9/11 U-Turn: Essays in Pakistan’s Economy and Polity in a South Asian Perspective (1999-2007), 2007.

Saleem H. Ali (ed.), Peace Parks: Conservation and Conflict Resolution, MIT Press, 2007. For further details please visit http://mitpress.mit.edu/catalog/item/default.asp?ttype=2&tid=11250

Shahid Siddiqui, Rethinking Education in Pakistan: Perceptions, Practices, and Possibilities, Paramount Publishers, 2007.

Shahid Javed Burki, Changing Perceptions, Altered Reality: Pakistan’s Economy Under Musharraf, 1999-2006, Karachi, Oxford University Press, 2007, 392pp.

Sharif al Mujahid and Liaquat Merchant (eds.), Quotes from the Quaid, Karachi, Oxford University Press, 2007, 132pp.

Sharif al Mujahid, In Quest of Jinnah: Diary, Notes and Correspondence of Hector Bolitho, Karachi, Oxford University Press, 2007, 230pp.

Sohail Mahmood, Good Governance Reform Agenda in Pakistan: Current Challenges, New York, Nova Science Publishers, 2007.

Sayed Wiqar Ali Shah, North-West Frontier Province: History and Politics, Islamabad, National Institute of Historical and Cultural Research, Centre of Excellence, Quaid-i-Azam University, 2007, 190pp.

Uzma Ali, Kausar Ansari, Riaz Ahmad & Muhammad Shamsuddin, Clinical Practice: Codes, Control and Ethical Decision Making Developers, Karachi, Institute of Clinical Psychology, University of Karachi, 2007.

Younas Samad and Kasturi Sen (eds.), Islam in the European Union: Transnationalism, Youth and the War on Terror, Karachi, Oxford University Press, 2007, 278pp.

William Langewiesche, The Atomic Bazaar: The Rise of the Nuclear Power, Penguin Books, 2007, 179pp.

Zafar Shaheed, The Labour Movement in Pakistan: Organisation and Leadership in Karachi in the 1970s, Karachi, Oxford University Press, 2007, 364pp.

Articles:

Mansoor Akbar Kundi, ‘The Politics of American Aid: The Case Study of Pakistan’, Asian Affairs Vol. 29, No. 2, April-June 2007, published by Center for Development Research, Bangladesh.

Sultan-i-Romea. ‘Riyasat-e-Swat’, Minah (Swat), Vol. 2, No. 1, April-

June 2007.b. ‘All India Muslim League and the Princely State of

Swat’, Journal of the Pakistan Historical Society (Karachi), Vol. 55, Nos. 1 & 2, January-June 2007.

c. ‘The Khudai Khidmatgar Movement: From Genesis to Downfall’, Hamdard Islamicus, (Karachi), Vol. 30, No. 1, January-March 2007.

Ijaz Gilani and Manzoor Khan, ‘Audience Measurement in the ‘Dual Economies’ of Poor Countries: A Case Study from Pakistan’, Market Research: Best Practice 30 Visions for the Future, in Peter Mouncey and Frank Wimmer (eds.), John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., 2007, pp. 467-488.

ReportsPervez Tahir, Asif Saeed and Uzair Ahson (eds.), ‘Financing Higher Education in Pakistan: Papers & Proceedings of a Conference’ organised by the Department of Economics, Government College University, Lahore in collaboration with Higher Education Commission, on November 10, 2007.

Centre for Civic Education, Islamabada. Political Participation of Youth in Pakistan. For access

to the report please visit www.civiceducation.org b. The Freedom of Information Ordinance 2002: 5-Years

on: Window Yet to be Opened. For access to the report please visit www.civiceducation.org

Government of Pakistan Planning Commission, Vision 2030, August 2007, 119pp.

Higher Education Commission, Higher Education Commission, Annual Report 2005-06, Islamabad, 2007? 150pp.

Human Resource Development Network, Annual Report 2006: Advancing Theory & Practice in Human Resource Development, 2007, 45pp.

National Commission of the Status of Womena. The Concept of Justice in Islam Qisas & Diyat Law,

2007, 144pp.b. The Impact of Family Laws on the Rights of Divorced

Women in Pakistan, 2007, 145pp.c. Women’s Right of Inheritance and its Implementation,

2007, 103pp.

UNDP Pakistan, Gender Mainstreaming in Recovery Phase-Post Earthquake Pakistan, 2006, 90pp.

Social Policy and Development Centre, Karachi, Social Development in Pakistan Annual Review 2006-07, 2007, 192pp.

International Crisis Group (ICG), Afghanistan: The Need for International Resolve, Asia Report No. 145, 6 February 2008, 25pp.

Monographs

Khalil Ahmad, Charter of Liberty, Lahore, Alternate Solutions Institute, 2007, 68pp.

Rubina Saigol, Dehshat Gardi, Inteha Pasandi Aur Insani Haqooq Ki Pamali (Terrorism, Extremism and Trampling of Human Rights), Hamza Wahid Memorial Lecture 2008, Karachi, Irteqa Institute of Social Sciences, 2008, 73pp.

Syed Jaffar Ahmed, Pakistan Key Ghair Muslim Shehri: Siyasi Jamaaton Ka Kirdar Aur Zemedarian (Non-Muslim Citizens of Pakistan: Role and Responsibilities of Political Parties), Pakistan Coalition for Free, Fair and Democratic Election, Karachi, 2008, 60pp.

Excerpts from Papers Ijaz Shafi Gilani, ‘The Global Verdict on Democracy: Admiration for the Norm, Disillusionment with the Practice’ in The Largest Poll Around the World: Voice of the People – What the World Thinks on Today’s Global Issues, London, Gallup International Association, 2006.

‘The agreement on democracy as the best available form of government is shared by majorities in societies, cultures, and countries that are vastly different from each other on other issues. For example, 89% of Protestants, 86% of Buddhists, 80% of Catholics, 79% of Jews, 75% of Muslims, and 69% of Hindus share an admiration for democracy. The figure is the lowest among Eastern Orthodox Christians, but even among them, a clear majority of 67% is supportive of democracy as the best available political system. ‘ (p. 42) The percentage of people supporting democracy in Indonesia is 90, Malaysia 80, India 69 and Pakistan 67. (p. 43).

‘Globally views are sharply divided on whether the process of democracy in any given country or region meets its necessary requirements and elections are held freely and fairly. Only 47% of the surveyed population in the 68 countries covered by the survey believe that in their country elections are held freely and fairly. An equal number (48%) disagrees and expresses strong scepticism about free and fair elections. (p. 44) The percentage of people who believe that elections are held free and fair is 73 in Indonesia, 76 in Malaysia, 32 in India and 21 in Pakistan. (p. 46)

‘… while 79% of the global population polled in the Gallup International Association survey held the democratic political system in admiration and 47% assessed elections in their countries to be free and fair, only 30% believed that they were successful in tasting the desirable outcome or the

Council of Social Sciences, Pakistan 12 Bulletin No. 10, April 2008E 17

12

fruit of democracy – that is, rule by the will of the people.’ (p. 47). The percentage of people who believe that the country is being governed by the will of the people is 71 in Malaysia, 37 in Indonesia, 25 in Pakistan and 22 in India. (p. 49).

Activities of Associations of Social Scientists1. South Asian Sociological Society (SASS) South Asian Sociological Society (SASS) is organising a conference on ‘Marriage in Globalising Contexts: Exploring Change and Continuity in South Asia’ in New Delhi on September 25-27, 2008.

2. Pakistan Sociological Association (PSA)Pakistan Sociological Association (PSA) and the Department of Sociology, Criminology & Population Sciences, University of Karachi organised a one-day seminar on ‘Social Discrimination in South Asia’ on April 22, 2008. Besides a number of Pakistani sociologists, two Bangladeshi sociologists - Professor Dr. Kamal Ahmed Chaudhry, Chairman, Department of Sociology, Shah Jalal University Sylhet, and Dr. Ainoon Nehr, Associate Professor, Department of Anthropology, Jahangir Nagar University Dhaka, Bangladesh also participated and presented papers in the Seminar. Professor Dr. Fateh Muhammad Burfat, President of PSA and Chairman, Department of Sociology, Criminology and Population Sciences along with his colleagues in the Department mainly carried the responsibility of organising the seminar.

There was general consensus in the seminar that poverty, over population, social injustice, inequality, increasing gap between rich and poor and the lack of opportunity are the root causes of all types of social discrimination including ethnocentrism, prejudice, regionalism, sectarianism, racism and religious extremism.

3. Pakistan Economic Association (PEA) In a meeting held on August 28, 2007 at the Government College University (GCU) presided over by Prof. Dr. Khalid Aftab, Vice Chancellor GCU and attended by prominent economists it was decided to revive the Pakistan Economic Association (PEA), which has been lying dormant since 1973. The meeting outlined the process of revival of PEA and decided to hold a 2-day International Conference on December 17 and 18, 2008. COSS has been authoritatively informed that PEA could not be revived and consequently the planned conference was not held.

4. Pakistan Society of Development Economists (PSDE) Pakistan Society of Development Economists (PSDE) held its 23rd Annual General Meeting and Conference on March 12-14, 2008 in Islamabad. The theme of the conference was ‘Natural Resource Management’. Five distinguished lectures and 50 papers by reputed international and national economists, demographers and other social scientists were presented in the conference.

5. Pakistan Philosophical Congress (PPC)

Since its last conference in 2002 PPC has not been able to hold any conference. As the three-year term of the president of PPC elected in 2002 expired, the Executive Committee of PPC in a meeting sometime in 2006 nominated Dr. Arifa Farid of Karachi University as acting President who in 2007 handed over the charge of PPC to Dr. Naeem Ahmad, Department of Philosophy, Punjab University who informed the COSS that the Congress is planning to hold its annual conference in near future.

6. Islamic Philosophical Association PakistanIslamic Philosophical Association Pakistan was founded by the eminent scholar and philosopher, Dr. C. A. Qadir on October 22, 1982. The Association meets on every second Wednesday of the month except in the month of Ramzan. In every meeting, a distinguished speaker deliberates on a topic relating to Islam, philosophy, social sciences, natural sciences, literature or current affairs. Since its inception up to April 2008, the association has held 290 meetings. For more information about the Association please contact Ali Mohtashim, President Islamic Philosophical Association Pakistan, 27 Mason Road, Lahore.

7. Pakistan Political Science Association (PPSA)PPSA is dormant since its last conference it held in 1992, COSS with the support of a number of political scientists has made some attempts to revive it but has not succeeded so far.

8. Pakistan Psychological Association (PPA)Pakistan Psychological Association (PPA) organised two workshops/conferences in of collaboration with Centre for Clinical Psychology at Karachi University. Some members of executive committee of PPA have arranged small activities in Post-Graduate colleges for the promotion of Psychology. PPA has also managed a special camp for the rehabilitation of earthquake victims in Azad Kashmir in and around Bagh area in collaboration with the Department of Psychology and Applied Psychology, University of the Punjab. The association is planning to arrange a summer training camp at Khanispur Ayubiya in July 2008.

9. Pakistan Historical Society (PHS) Pakistan Historical Society and Pakistan Study Centre, University of Karachi organised an international conference on ‘All India Muslim League’s Foundation Centenary’ in Karachi on July 20-21, 2007. Twenty-four papers were presented by scholars from different cities of Pakistan and India, Bangladesh and Britain. Quarterly Journal of the Pakistan Historical Society has published two volumes of special number on ‘All India Muslim League Centenary’, Part I January-June 2007 Vol. LV, Nos. 1&2 and Part II July-Dec 2007 Vol. LV, Nos. 3&4.

10. Population Association of Pakistan (PAP)PAP held its eighth annual conference on the theme of ‘Population and Regional Development Nexus’ on December 17-18, 2007 at the Department of Anthropology, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad.

11. Research Society of International Law (RSIL)RSIL organised a workshop on ‘Significance of CEDAW’ in Islamabad on November 7, 2007, and a seminar on ‘Anti-Money Laundering’ in Lahore on March 29, 2007, Its president Ahmer Bilal Soofi, delivered a lecture on ‘International law and the Law of the Sea’ at the Pakistan Naval War College, Lahore on February 14, 2008.

12. Society of Asian Civilisations Pakistan (SAC) On the invitation of Chairman, Central Election Commission of Uzbekistan five members of Society visited Uzbekistan as international observers to monitor the presidential election held on December 23, 2007. SAC has organised: a two-day international conference on ‘Tashkent, the

Capital of Islamic Culture’ in collaboration with International Islamic University and Embassy of Uzbekistan in Islamabad, on September 4-5, 2007.

a seminar on ‘Turkmen Civilisation and Independence’ on September 12, 2007.

It has extended the lecture series on ‘Asian Civilisations’ launched in January 2007 to the year 2008. Under this series it has organised the following lectures: ‘Buddhism in Laddakh: Political Independence and

Cultural Syncretism’ on December 5, 2007. ‘Persian Civilization’ on January 7, 2008. ‘Pakistan’s Civilisation through Centuries’ by Navid

Zafar on February 4, 2008.

SAC plans to organise an international conference in Islamabad on ‘Modern Civilizations: Conversion or Divergence’ on September 11-14, 2008.

[For more information about Pakistan Sociological Association (PSA), Pakistan Economic Association (PEA), Pakistan Philosophical Congress (PPC), Pakistan Psychological Association (PPA), Pakistan Political Science Association (PPSA) and Pakistan Historical Society (PHS) please see Inayatullah (ed.), Associations of Social Scientists: An Analytical Study, Islamabad, COSS, 2006 or visit COSS website www.cosspak.org]

Brief Introduction to Chinese Academy of Social Sciences (CASS)

Chinese Academy of Social Sciences (CASS) is a national centre for comprehensive studies in the People’s Republic of China. It is under direct control of the State Council. CASS was established in May 1977 growing out of the Department of Philosophy and Social Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences.

CASS consists of 32 research institutes, 3 research centres and a graduate school. It covers as many as 300 disciplines, among which 120 are of significant importance. In 2008 CASS has a total of 3,045 research staff members, of whom 1,531 have senior professional titles, and 909 intermediate professional titles.

The mission of CASS is: to make Marxism-Leninism, Mao Zedong thought and

Deng Xiaoping theory as a guiding principle. to follow the rule of development of sciences to carry out in-depth research in the fields of social

sciences and the humanities to inherit and carry forward the excellent historical and

cultural heritage of the Chinese nation; and to absorb and enrich the spiritual wealth of the human

society.

The Present Leadership of CASSPresident: Chen KuiyuanVice-Presidents: Leng Rong; Li Shenming; Jiang Lansheng; Chen Jiagui; Zhu Jiamu; Gao QuanliSecretary General: Zhu Jinchang For more information about CASS please visit www.cass.net.cn

Appointments, Postings, Transfers and Retirements Dr. Ishrat Hussain has joined, Institute of Business

Administration, Karachi as Dean and Director on March 17, 2008.

Prof. Dr. Nasira Jabeen of Institute of Administrative Sciences, University of the Punjab, Lahore has been appointed as Professor to Prince Claus Chair in Development and Equity (2006-2007) at School of Governance, Utrecht University and Institute of Social Studies, Netherlands.

Prof. Dr. Mohammad Zafar Iqbal Jadoon, Dean, Economics and Management Sciences and Director, Institute of Administrative Sciences, University of the Punjab has been appointed as Honorary Professor at the Department of Management, University of Stirling, Stirling, Scotland for three years effective from September 1, 2007.

Dr. Rashid Amjad has joined Pakistan Institute of Development Economics (PIDE) as Vice Chancellor.

Pervez Tahir joined as Mahbub ul Haq Professor of Economics at Government College University (GCU) Lahore on 7 July 2007.

Dr. Tariq Rahman, Distinguished National Professor, has taken over as Director, National Institute of Pakistan Studies, Quaid-I-Azam University, and Islamabad on June 1, 2007.

Dr. Naeem Ahmad has joined Institute of Social and Cultural Studies, University of the Punjab, Lahore as Professor.

In the fall of 2007 Adil Najam returned to Boston University as a full Professor and the Fredrick S. Pardee Chair for Global Public Policy. He will also be the Director of the Pardee Center for the Study of the Longer Term Future.

Seventy five faculty members appointed on permanent basis have joined Fatima Jinnah Women University, Rawalpindi. (The News, December 4, 2007).

Dr. Muhammad Asghar Cheema has joined University of Gujrat, Gujrat as Director Faculty of Social Sciences on April 14, 2008.

Council of Social Sciences, Pakistan 14 Bulletin No. 10, April 2008E 17

14

After leaving her job as Pro-vice Chancellor at Fatima Jinnah Women University, Rawalpindi on April 30, 2007, Dr. Iftikhar N. Hasan has set up a research centre in the name of Gender and Psychological Services (GAPS) Centre in Islamabad, which is doing contract researches, workshops and field studies. The Centre will start a series of PhD research training workshops from the second week of May. For further information about the Centre please visit its website www.gaps.pk

Improvement in Qualifications Ms. Shaheen Akhtar, Research Associate, Institute of

Regional Studies has earned a PhD degree in International Relations from Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad by completing her dissertation ‘Ethnic Conflict in Sri Lanka: Domestic, Regional and International Linkages’, Supervisor: Dr. Tahir Amin.

Ms. Noor Fatima has received her PhD degree in Economics from Quaid-I-Azam University, on completion of her dissertation entitled ‘Pakistan and International Economic Agencies’, Supervisor: Dr. Ghulam Hyder Sindhi, Co-Supervisor: Dr. Nawab Haider Naqvi.

Mrs. Riffat Munawar, Assistant Professor, Department of Sociology, University of the Punjab has been awarded PhD degree in Sociology by the University of the Punjab on successful completion of her dissertation: ‘Women’s Political Participation and Empowerment: An Analysis of Women’s Political Participation in Local Government System in Lahore District, Punjab, Pakistan’.

New Members of COSS[Continued from page 16]32. Mr. Fayaz Ahmad Hussain, Department of Pakistan

Studies, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan33. Mr. Waheed Mohiuddin, Social Policy and Research

Centre (SPRC), Gujrat34. Mr. Shah Nawaz Soomro, Pakistan Ordinance Factories,

Havelian Cantt.35. Mr. Muhammad Ismail Kumbhar, Assistant Professor,

Sindh Agriculture University, Tandojam36. Zahid Sharif, The Evergreen State College, Olympia,

Washington.

37. Dr. Farhat Haq, Political Science Department, Monmouth College, USA [Life Member]

38. Dr. Peter Mandaville, George Mason University, USA. [Life Member]

39. Mr. Muhammad Wisal Khalil, Department of Social Sciences, City University, London.

40. Dr. Pippa Virdee, De Montfort University, Leicester, UK

Institutional Members1. Fatima Jinnah Women University, Rawalpindi

2. Pakistan Institute of Development Economics (PIDE), Islamabad.

3. National Institute of Psychology, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad

4. Human Rights Commission of Pakistan, Lahore

COSS requests all of its members, friends, academics, universities and Research Institutes to provide information on their research and academic activities for inclusion in COSS Bulletin on the following address: COSS: # 307, Dossal Arcade, Jinnah Avenue, Blue Area, Islamabad. (Email: info@cosspak.org)

Obituaries

Dr. A. R. Kemal, renowned economist, former Director of Pakistan Institute of Development Economics and Professor at the International Institute of Islamic Economics, International Islamic University, Islamabad died in Islamabad on March 24, 2008. Dr. Kemal authored and co-authored several books and contributed 186 articles in various national and international journals and books. (The News, March 27, 2008)

Prof. Muhammad Rashid, Distinguished Professor, GC University Lahore, a well known economist and outstanding educationist passed away on August 19, 2007. He was 86.

Pro-Vice Chancellor of Balochistan University, Dr. Safdar Kiyani was shot dead by armed gunmen in Quetta on April 22, 2008.

COSS PUBLICATIONSBooks1. Inayatullah (ed.), Associations of Social Scientists: An Analytical Study, 2006, Price Rs. 350. (For members Rs. 175)2. Inayatullah, Rubina Saigol and Pervez Tahir, Social Sciences in Pakistan: A Profile, 2005, Price. Rs. 500. (For

members Rs. 250) 3. S. Akbar Zaidi (ed.), Social Science in Pakistan in the 1990s, 2003, Price. Rs. 250. (For members Rs. 125) 4. Inayatullah (ed.), Towards Understanding the State of Science in Pakistan, 2003, Price. Rs. 200 (For members Rs. 100) 5. S. H. Hashmi (ed.), The State of Social Sciences in Pakistan, 2001, Price. Rs. 200.

Monographs1. Rubina Saigol, “The State and the Limits of Counter-Terrorism: The Case of Pakistan and Sri Lanka”, 2006, Price. Rs. 80.

2. Rubina Saigol, “Becoming a Modern Nation: Educational Discourse in the Early Years of Ayub Khan (1958-64)”, 2003, Price. Rs. 50.

3. S. Akbar Zaidi, “Dismal State of Social Sciences in Pakistan”, 2002, Price. Rs. 50. 4. Ayesha Jalal, “Religion as Difference, Religion as Faith: Paradoxes of Muslim Identity”, 2002, Price. Rs. 30.

Forthcoming Publications1. Changing Profile of Social Scientists: A Quantitative and Qualitative Study of Teachers of Social Sciences in Public

Universities of Pakistan from 1963 to 2001.2. PhD and MPhil Research in Social Sciences: A Study of Theses produced in Public Universities of Pakistan from 1947 to

2001. 3. Recalling our Pioneers

Council of Social Sciences, Pakistan 16 Bulletin No. 10, April 2008E 17

16

New Members of COSS

Forty scholars, one university, two institutes and one NGO joined COSS since April 2007 raising the total membership of COSS to 420. They include: 1. Dr. Ishrat Hussain, Dean and Director, Institute of

Business Administration, Karachi [Life Member]2. Mr. Sajid Baloch, UNDP-GSP, Islamabad [Life

Member]3. Mr. Ilhan Niaz, Department of History, Quaid-i-Azam

University, Islamabad [Life Member]4. Dr. Muhammad Junaid Nadvi, Faculty of Islamic

Studies (Usuluddin), International Islamic University [Life Member]

5. Mr. Sajid Mansoor Qaisrani [Life Member]6. Mr. Khadim Hussain, Assistant Professor, Department

of Humanities and Social Sciences, Bahria University, Islamabad

7. Dr. Tariq Hussain, Enterprise & Development Consulting (EDC), Islamabad

8. Dr. Saifur Rahman Sherani, Freelance Consultant, Rawalpindi

9. Mr. Rufus Kamran, The Development of Existing Resources (DOER) Trust, Islamabad

10. Syed Musa Hassan, Area Study Centre for Africa, North and South America, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad.

11. Dr. M. Nazrul Islam, Foreign Professor, Politics & International Relations, International Islamic University, Islamabad

12. Dr. R. M. Ikram Azam, The Pakistan Futuristics Foundation and Institute The Margalla Voices, Islamabad

13. Ms. Sidrah Khalid, UN-Habitat, Azad Kashmir14. Ms. Memoona Rauf Khan, Centre for Advanced Study

in Engineering, Islamabad15. Mrs. Abida Hassan, Faculty of Social Sciences, Air

University, Islamabad16. Mr. Navid Zafar, Editor Research Criterion, Islamabad17. Lt. Gen. (Retd.) Talat Masood, Analyst, Islamabad18. Ms. Rabbia Aslam, Potohar Organisation for

Development Advocacy, Islamabad19. Dr. Jamila Naeem, Consultant in Demography, Lahore20. Dr. Naved Hamid, Lahore School of Economics, Lahore21. Dr. Muneer Ahmad, Lahore School of Economics,

Lahore22. Dr. Saima Muneer, University of Management and

Technology, Lahore23. Mr. Shahid Rasheed, Sociologist, Director General

Accounts Works, AG Office24. Ms. Faiza Asif, Canada Pakistan Basic Education

Project, Lahore 25. Ms. Sumaira Atta, Project Management (Canada

Pakistan Basic Education Project, Lahore 26. Prof. Dr. Noman Ahmed, Department of Architecture

and Planning, NED University, Karachi

Funding of COSSFollowing institutions and persons have provided funds to COSS to help it sustain itself for which we are grateful. The amount of donation is shown against their names.

National Rural Support Programme Rs. 200,000.

Rural Support Programme Network (RSPN) Rs. 137,370 in connection with Study on Local Level Institutions in the Rural Support Programmes

International Islamic University, Islamabad. Rs. 85,000

Fatima Jinnah Women University, Rawalpindi Rs. 25,000.

Human Rights Commission of Pakistan Rs. 15,000.

National Institute of Psychology, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad Rs. 15,000.

Pakistan Institute of Development Economics (PIDE) Rs. 10,000

We appeal to donor organisations, academic institutions, NGOs, community of social scientists, and philanthropists to make liberal donations to the Council.

Trust for Global Peace

The Trust for Global Peace (TGP) was established in March 2004 to create awareness about the major threats to the existence of human race. They include:1. The presence of a culture of conflict, violence and war

(CVW) and its intensification in 20th century2. Exponential rise in the quantity and quality of

destructive capacity possessed by human race, particularly in the form of nuclear weapons

3. Global warming4. Increasing population 5. Inequality in distribution of wealth and material

resources at international, regional, national, class and individual levels.

TGP conducts its own research on these threats as well as uses research by other scholars and institutions in the world, and shares it with people interested in this issue in the form of short messages. If you want to receive them please send us your email to <tgp2004@gmail.com>

Dr. InayatullahManaging TrusteeTrust for Global Peace27. Ms. Huma Ghaffar, Pakistan Study Centre, University

of Karachi, Karachi28. Mr. Ilahi Bux, Sociologist, Hyderabad29. Mr. Badaruddin Soomro, Centre for Rural Development

Communication, University of Sindh, Jamshoro 30. Mr. Sajid Mahmood Awan, Department of Pakistan

Studies, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan

31. Mrs. Khadija Naheed, Department of Pakistan Studies, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan

[Continued on page 15]

Bulletin is for free distribution among COSS members and those interested in the development of social sciences in Pakistan.Editors: Dr. Inayatullah, Dr. Zarina Salamat; Assistant Editor Muhammad Anwar

Council of Social Sciences, Pakistan 18 Bulletin No. 10, April 2008E 17

18