brigadier general mark o. schissler director, cyberspace operations hq united states air force

I n t e g r i t y - S e r v i c e - E x c e l l e n c e

Headquarters U.S. Air Force

UNCLASSIFIED

Brigadier GeneralBrigadier General Mark O. SchisslerMark O. SchisslerDirector, Cyberspace OperationsDirector, Cyberspace Operations

HQ United States Air ForceHQ United States Air Force

Brigadier GeneralBrigadier General Mark O. SchisslerMark O. SchisslerDirector, Cyberspace OperationsDirector, Cyberspace Operations

HQ United States Air ForceHQ United States Air Force

AFCEA Northern VirginiaAFCEA Northern Virginia

AFCEA Northern VirginiaAFCEA Northern Virginia

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Fly – Fight – Win

AF Intent in Cyberspace

AF recognizes cyberspace as a warfighting domain in which DoD must maintain dominance for our Nation

Building new competencies to support joint fight Cyber Weapon Systems and Cyber operators Partnerships with stakeholders Total force opportunity

AFCYBER(P) Command laying foundation for a permanent command focused on global cyberspace operations

“No future war will be won without air, space, and cyberspace superiority.” -Gen. Moseley

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Converging Future

As of: 28 Mar 08

A domain characterized by the use of electronics and the electromagnetic spectrum to store, modify, and exchange data via networked systems and associated physical infrastructures

EMS ElectronicsEMS Electronics

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By the Numbers

183B emails a day

280B gigabytes of data/year

$25-100B per yr commercial espionage cost

Virus count exploding

YouTube uploads 8 hrs of video every minute

New York Times

Cyberspace connects the world

Cyberspace connects the world

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Growing Dependence on Electromagnetic Spectrum

“Right now we get into situations where we jam against improvised explosive devices (IEDs) and it corrupts our radio traffic [and] some line-of-sight UAV operations…It’s tough. “

Gen Ronald E. KeysAviation Week & Space Technology, Jan 29, 2007

1975 Frequency Allocation Chart

2007 Frequency Allocation Chart

FCC Spectrum Auctions

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Threat & Risk . . .

December 1998 – January 2003 Cyber activity from low-moderately skilled individuals

• Hackers, Script kiddies, Criminals

February 2003 – PresentSkilled / organized actors (state & non-state sponsored)

• DoD and Federal Networks• Defense Industrial Base• GIG Mission Assurance

• Nation StatesNation States• Non-State ActorsNon-State Actors

“Our freedom to use cyberspace is threatened by the actions of criminals, terrorists, and nations alike. Each seeks their own form of unique advantage, be it financial, political, or military, but together they threaten our freedom to embrace the opportunity offered by a globally connected and flattened world.” Gen Cartwright , 21 Mar 07

• Physical destruction Physical destruction • Forces of NatureForces of Nature

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Cyber brings Cross-Domain Capability

Global effects at the speed of sound…global effects at the speed of light

Targets:• IADS• Control Systems• Tactical Comms• Info Systems• SATCOM

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AF Objectives in Cyberspace

Provide robust, cyberwarfare capabilities to the Joint Warfighter

Defend AF portion of military cyberspace

Be a lead service for support to JTF-Global Network Operations

Be the service of choice for conducting intelligence and forensic analysis for cyberspace superiority

Have the capacity to extend cyberspace any where the joint warfighter operates

Cyber superiority ensures freedom of action in all domains and denies freedom of action to adversaries

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The National Imperative

“Attacks on Critical Infrastructure could significantly disrupt the functioning of government and business alike and produce cascading effects far beyond the targeted sector and physical location of the incident.”

2007 National Infrastructure Protection Plan

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Way Ahead

Stand Up AFCYBEREstablish Career FieldAuthor DoctrineExpand Cyber EducationUtilize Cyber Red TeamingWork with Industry

Total Force Commitment to Transformation

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I n t e g r i t y - S e r v i c e - E x c e l l e n c e

Headquarters U.S. Air Force

UNCLASSIFIED

AF Cyberspace Operations DirectorateAF Cyberspace Operations DirectorateHQ United States Air ForceHQ United States Air Force

AF Cyberspace Operations DirectorateAF Cyberspace Operations DirectorateHQ United States Air ForceHQ United States Air Force

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Classified Update on Current Ops

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Overview

The Cyberspace Domain Current Operations US Air Force in Cyberspace

The mission of the United States Air Force is to deliver sovereign options for the defense of the United States of America and its

global interests

– to fly and fight in Air, Space, and CyberspaceCyberspace

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Take Aways

Roles and Missions Debate On-Going Potential for new unified command Potential for the AF to play a leading role

Are we ready to lead the fight or do we want to be a body pool?

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AF Intent in Cyberspace

AF recognizes cyberspace as a warfighting domain Electronic Warfare Network Warfare

Building new competencies to support joint fight Cyber Weapon Systems and Cyber

operators Partnerships with stakeholders Total Force Opportunity

AFCYBER Command (P) laying foundation for a permanent command focused on global cyberspace operations

“No future war will be won without air, space, and cyberspace superiority.” -Gen. Moseley

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Why the AF?

World class C2 capability Culture of Innovation and

Transformation AF has fielded capabilities to hold

the adversary at risk in and through cyberspace in a diverse manner

AF dependence on Cyberspace for Air and Space Superiority

Cyberspace is a global, strategic commons

Speed, Range, and Flexibility

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“Fly & Fight” in Cyberspace

WARFIGHTING

WARFIGHTING

Cyber Ops

Cyberspace is a Warfighting Domain: Requires operations to Attack, Exploit, Defend and Sustain

Ref: “The Fifth Dimension: Cyberspace”, Lt Gen Bob Elder (8AF/CC) 16 Jul 2007

Hold Adversary At Risk Across All Domains Airborne-based cyber attack (electronic and all network

classes) Ground-based cyber attack (electronic and network classes)

Operational Prep of the Battlespace (OPB) Influence Operations through cyberspace

Ensure Freedom Of Maneuver Cyber defensive ops Electronic protection Prioritized cyber function defense plan Threat analysis and OPB (airborne, ground)

Command And Control Situational awareness across entire cyber domain Operational risk assessment and mission assurance C2 cyber combat operations from the AOC Cyberspace control authority responsibilities Bandwidth & Spectrum management

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Nature of the Threat

December 1998 – January 2003Most activity from moderately skilled individuals

• Hackers, Script kiddies, Criminals

February 2003 – PresentSkilled / organized actors (possibly state-sponsored)

• DoD and Federal Networks• Defense Industrial Base• GIG Mission Assurance• Estonia

• Nation StatesNation States• Non-State ActorsNon-State Actors

“Our freedom to use cyberspace is threatened by the actions of criminals, terrorists, and nations alike. Each seeks their own form of unique advantage, be it financial, political, or military, but together they threaten our freedom to embrace the opportunity offered by a globally connected and flattened world.” Gen Cartwright , 21 Mar 07

• Physical destruction Physical destruction • Forces of NatureForces of Nature

The Cyber Threat

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Cyber / IO Relationship Cyber is a place, like other physical domains, where many missions

occur Used to “store, modify, exchange” data

Information Operations are missions relating to protecting friendly information and affecting adversary information (regardless of means)

Network Warfare Operations (Net Attack, Net Defense) Electronic Warfare (EA, EP, ES) Influence Operations (PSYOP, MILDEC, OPSEC)

Fundamental difference, but direct relationship IO occurs in/through all three domains: Air, Space,

Cyberspace Many missions necessary for “Cyber Superiority”

Network Warfare Operations EW (including space EW) Network Operations (maintenance) Influence Operations Intelligence

“Cyber” does not replace “IO”

US Air Force in Cyberspace

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MAJCOM Phase I

USAF

AFFMAAFFMA

67 NWW

Spectrum Mgt

xx Cyberspac

e WG

AFIOC

AFNOCAFNOC

C2

SAF/XCAFCYBER

AFCYBER/CV

xx EW WG

6xx AOC

AFNETOPS/CC

xx AF

ADCONGaining Cmd

Dual Hatted

Dual HattedNew/Accelerated

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Preparing for Tomorrow’s ChallengesAF Cyberspace Leaders

Complete coordination of Cyberspace Force Development Roadmap Apr 2008

Submit Cyberspace Force Development ‘Roadmap’ for CSAF/SecAF Sig Apr 2008

Submit Cyberspace Tech Center of Excellence Charter for SecAF approval, establishment Apr 2008

Develop, Complete Cyberspace Force Development Roadmap Implementation Plan May 2008

Early Force Transitions (1B1, 1B2) FY09

Begin Development of AETC Cyber Courses FY10

Begin AETC Cyber Course Instruction (new accessions) FY11

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Cyberspace Doctrine

AF Doctrine Working Group met 30-31 Oct

Bottomline AFDD 2-x draft release in Jan 2008

Air University hosting Cyberspace Symposium 31 Mar – 4 Apr Symposium to review/refine topline draft (release in May)

Decision if AFDD 2-X is to be a keystone or sub publication

Joint Doctrine: formal assessment of JP 3-13 begins May 2008 First opportunity to influence joint doctrine development

Engaged with development of USSTRATCOM’s Operational Concept for Operations in Cyberspace Tasked by the NMS-CO Implementation Plan

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Flattening the Earth

Wireless and cell phone usage in Africa exploding

50% of intra-Asian Internet traffic flows through the US

YouTube uploading 8 hours of video every minute

New York Times

The world is interconnectedThe world is

interconnected

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2003 National Strategy to Secure Cyberspace2003 National Strategy to Secure Cyberspace

2004 National Military Strategy2004 National Military Strategy

2006 Quadrennial Defense Review2006 Quadrennial Defense Review

2006 NMS for Cyberspace Operations2006 NMS for Cyberspace Operations

2007 National Infrastructure Protection Plan2007 National Infrastructure Protection Plan

2007 National Strategy for Homeland Security2007 National Strategy for Homeland Security

2008 National Security Policy Directive 542008 National Security Policy Directive 54

National Guidance

brigadier general mark o. schissler director, cyberspace operations hq united states air force

Documents