Br. Gvt. measures to prevent smuggling: James Otis case Protection of a citizens private property must be held in higher regard than a parliamentary statute. A 1761 writs of assistance He lost parliamentary law and custom had equal weight. Rethinking Their Empire 1. Sugar Act Currency Act Stamp Act Quartering Act George Grenvilles Program, Q-> What was the extent of Parliaments authority over the colonies?? Absolute? OR Limited? Q-> How could the colonies give or withhold consent for parliamentary legislation when they did not have representation in that body?? Theories of Representation Virtual Representation versus Direct Representation Loyal Nine Sons of Liberty began in NYC: Samuel Adams Stamp Act Congress 1765 * Stamp Act Resolves Declaratory Act 1766 Stamp Act Crisis 1767 William Pitt, P. M. & Charles Townshend, Secretary of the Exchequer. A Shift from paying taxes for Br. war debts & quartering of troops paying col. govt. salaries. A Tax these imports paper, paint, lead, glass, tea. A Increase custom officials at American ports established a Board of Customs in Boston. Townshend Duties Crisis: 1. John Dickinson 1768 * Letters from a Farmer in Pennsylvania 2 nd non-importation movement: * Daughters of Liberty * spinning bees 3. Riots against customs agents: * John Hancocks ship, the Liberty. * 4000 British troops sent to Boston. Colonial Response to the Townshend Duties Tar and Feathering Stamp Act (1765) & Declaratory Act (1766) The Boston Massacre ( March 5,1770 ) The Gaspee Incident (1772) Providence, RI coast Committees of Correspondence Purpose warn neighboring colonies about incidents with Br. broaden the resistance movement. Tea Act (1773) 8 British East India Co.: Monopoly on Br. tea imports. Many members of Parl. held shares. Permitted the Co. to sell tea directly to cols. without col. middlemen (cheaper tea!) 8 Lord North expected the cols. to eagerly choose the cheaper tea. Boston Tea Party (1773) The Coercive or Intolerable Acts (1774) Lord North 1. Port Bill 2. Government Act 4. Administration of Justice Act 3. New Quartering Act The Quebec Act (1774) First Continental Congress (1774) 55 delegates from 12 colonies Agenda How to respond to the Coercive Acts & the Quebec Act? 1 vote per colony represented. The British Are Coming... Paul Revere & William Dawes make their midnight ride to warn the Minutemen of approaching British soldiers. OR did they? The Shot Heard Round the World ! Lexington & Concord April 18,1775 The Second Continental Congress (1775) Olive Branch Petition