blind & low vision
TRANSCRIPT
early historyRome
Sparta
Athens
Depends where you are!
early history
ward status
early history
integration
early history
enlightenment
Denis
Diderot
Valentine Haüy (1784)
Royal Institute for the Blind
Louis Braille
stitching awlPresented By: Brent Daigle, Ph.D.
Louis Braille
age 10
Charles Barbier
night writing
Louis Braille
raised dot system
Presented By: Brent Daigle, Ph.D.
Louis Braille
corresponds to letters
Presented By: Brent Daigle, Ph.D.
Louis Braille
Tuberculosis - 1852
Presented By: Brent Daigle, Ph.D.
Louis Braille
France recognition - 1854
Presented By: Brent Daigle, Ph.D.
formal education in usaAmerican Printing House
(for the Blind)
Presented By: Brent Daigle, Ph.D.
formal education in usaearly 1900’s public school
Presented By: Brent Daigle, Ph.D.
formal education in usaadvocacy for integration
Presented By: Brent Daigle, Ph.D.
core curriculum1990’s – National agenda
Presented By: Brent Daigle, Ph.D.
legal definitionlegal blindness
20/200 or worse
(even with correction)
legal definitionlegal blindness
20 degrees field of vision
Presented By: Brent Daigle, Ph.D.
legal definitionlegal blindness
(does not equate total blindness)
Presented By: Brent Daigle, Ph.D.
legal definitionLow vision
20/70 – 20/200
Presented By: Brent Daigle, Ph.D.
legal definitionLow vision
(AKA partial sight)
Presented By: Brent Daigle, Ph.D.
legal definitionvisual acuity
how sharp images are perceived
Presented By: Brent Daigle, Ph.D.
legal definitionvisual field
scope one can see without
turning head or moving eyes
Presented By: Brent Daigle, Ph.D.
IDEIA definition
Presented By: Brent Daigle, Ph.D.
lagniappeHow well can student use residual vision?
Presented By: Brent Daigle, Ph.D.
lagniappe
Impact on education
Presented By: Brent Daigle, Ph.D.
lagniappe
Use of modifications?
Presented By: Brent Daigle, Ph.D.
lagniappeLearn with other means
than print materials
Presented By: Brent Daigle, Ph.D.
prevalence rate.04% school population
with visual impairments
Presented By: Brent Daigle, Ph.D.
prevalence rate90% with impairment
have functional vision
Presented By: Brent Daigle, Ph.D.
the eye
Presented By: Brent Daigle, Ph.D.
possible causesexternal
Presented By: Brent Daigle, Ph.D.
possible causesgrowth, thinning, inflammation
Presented By: Brent Daigle, Ph.D.
possible causesInternal (premature birth)
Presented By: Brent Daigle, Ph.D.
student characteristics
intellectual
characteristics
student characteristics
delayed skills:
play & interaction
student characteristics
language &
concept development
student characteristics
academic
achievement
student characteristics
limited perceptual abilities
student characteristics
orientation
perceptual abilities
student characteristics
mobility
perceptual abilities
student characteristics
wayfinding
perceptual abilities
student characteristics
Impaired
psychological
& social adjustment
toddler identification
lack of visual fixation(parent faces / interesting objects)
toddler identification
abnormal eye
movement
toddler identification
family history
school age identification
Snellen chart
school age identification
teacher report
of behavior
school age identification
rubbing eyes
common behaviors
school age identification
squinting
common behaviors
school age identification
tilt head to see
common behaviors
school age identification
hold objects
close to eyes
common behaviors
school age identification
comprehensive
assessment
what to teach
regular + expanded curriculum
Presented By: Brent Daigle, Ph.D.
what to teach
self-advocacy
Presented By: Brent Daigle, Ph.D.
what to teach
self-determination
Presented By: Brent Daigle, Ph.D.
expanded curriculum
compensatory skills
Presented By: Brent Daigle, Ph.D.
expanded curriculum
literacy & braille skills
Presented By: Brent Daigle, Ph.D.
expanded curriculum
listening skills
Presented By: Brent Daigle, Ph.D.
expanded curriculum
orientation & mobility skills
Presented By: Brent Daigle, Ph.D.
expanded curriculum
social interaction skills
Presented By: Brent Daigle, Ph.D.
expanded curriculumindependent living skills
Presented By: Brent Daigle, Ph.D.
expanded curriculumrecreation & leisure skills
Presented By: Brent Daigle, Ph.D.
expanded curriculumcareer & transition skills
Presented By: Brent Daigle, Ph.D.
instructional strategies
same curriculum
(with accommodations)
instructional strategies
counsel to deal with
reaction of others
instructional strategies
teach care of
prosthetic eye
instructional strategies
Adaptations for color or visual discrimination problems
instructional strategies
provide copy of
teacher notes
instructional strategies
read aloud
instructional strategies
audio of print
materials
instructional strategies
hands on models
manipulatives
instructional considerationsassist through touch & sound
(more than sight)
Presented By: Brent Daigle, Ph.D.
instructional considerationsuse specialized equipment
Presented By: Brent Daigle, Ph.D.
instructional considerationsgive equal access to
core curriculum
Presented By: Brent Daigle, Ph.D.
instructional considerationsdo no rearrange furniture
Presented By: Brent Daigle, Ph.D.
instructional considerationsappropriate lighting, tactile
materials, decrease visual clutter
Presented By: Brent Daigle, Ph.D.
instructional technologyprogram to magnify computer screen
instructional technologyscan materials for access
instructional technologyBraille 2 students who use it
instructional technologycaptioned videos
instructional technologyuse of guide dog
instructional technologytext to speech program
instructional technologyvoice recognition software
general classroom considerations
request large print in advance
Presented By: Brent Daigle, Ph.D.
general classroom considerationsGet training on use of optical
devices & software
Presented By: Brent Daigle, Ph.D.
general classroom considerations
encourage peer interactions
Presented By: Brent Daigle, Ph.D.
general classroom considerationsaddress emotional &
learning needs
Presented By: Brent Daigle, Ph.D.
general classroom considerations
provide daily cues
Presented By: Brent Daigle, Ph.D.
general classroom considerationsconsult with vision
specialist regularly
Presented By: Brent Daigle, Ph.D.
general classroom considerations
use tactile materials
Presented By: Brent Daigle, Ph.D.
general classroom considerations
reduce glare on materials
Presented By: Brent Daigle, Ph.D.
general classroom considerations
speak in normal tones
Presented By: Brent Daigle, Ph.D.
general classroom considerations
tell student when you leave the room
Presented By: Brent Daigle, Ph.D.
general classroom considerations
maintain high expectations
Presented By: Brent Daigle, Ph.D.
Presented By: Brent Daigle, Ph.D.