biosecurity for successful poultry
DESCRIPTION
Biosecurity for Successful PoultryTRANSCRIPT
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DR.R.N.S.GOWDA Former Vice Chancellor,
KVAFSU, Bidar.
&
Ex-Director
INSTITUTE OF ANIMAL HEALTH
AND VETERINARY BIOLOGICALS
HEBBAL,BANGALORE-560024
INDIA
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Poultry Farming
A dynamic Agribusiness
Fast adoptable
Renumarative
Helps in food security of the
country
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BUT WHAT IS HAPPANING IN THE POULTRY
INDUSTRY TODAY ?
Transformation of poultry husbandry to industry and integrations.
Manipulation of marketing strategies- to face ever - narrowing profit margins
Leads to compromise in management, nutrition and health coverage
Multi age groups and increasing density of flocks and
Closeness of farms in a given area
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ISSUES DEFINING BIOSECURITY TODAY &
TOMORROW
Bird perform better than ever because of good genetic potentiality and nutrition but their immune system has not necessasarly followed the same trend.
Discovery of newer immunosuppressive agents and Mycotoxinsand their prevention.
problems and losses due to infectious diseases like-ND,IB, IBD, MD, IBH,etc.
Human health concern -consumers now demanding risk free & safe food
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EVALUTION OF FLOCK HEALTH
DEPENDS ON
The number of farms in the area
presence of endemic and epidemic
diseases
Application of biosecurity programmes
adopted to separate farm circumstances
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WHAT ARE THE MAJOR DISEASES OF POULTRY
CONCERN TODAY ?
BACTERIAL : E.coli, Salmonella ,coryza,
fowl cholera & Mycoplasma
VIRAL : Ranikhet, Gumbaro ( IBD),
IBH/HHS Marek`s. IB & REO
FUNGAL : Aspergillosis .
Candidiosis.
PROTOZOAN : Coccidiosis.
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HOW CAN WE RESPOND ?
Use of antibiotics is not a solution for
solving the problem -Drug resistance.
Vaccine development takes time and no
use on variants by a single vaccine
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Therefore
GO BACK TO BASICS
CLEANLINESS IS THE KEYWORD
HACCP at Farm level
HACCP at Feed mill
HACCP at Water management
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SANITATION AND BIOSECURITY IS THE
ANSWER !
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WHY BIOSECURITY IS ESSENTIAL ?
Management helps good performance.
Nutrition helps to maintain the life, and
health for production.
Medication and Vaccination helps in
prevention of some disease to some extent..
But, A GOOD SANITATION/ BIO-SECURITY PROGRAMME is a vital factor for disease prevention
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WHAT IS BIOSECURITY ?
Measures and Methods adopted to stop entry of disease organisms in to the farm.
A method to secure a disease free environment in the farm.
A method of production and profitability through disease control programmes.
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WHAT IS BIOSECURITY ?
BIOSECRITY IS INFORMED
COMMON SENSE to avoid germs.
NOT BRING THE GERMS TO BIRDS OR
NOT BRING POULTRY TO GERMS.
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Top Biosecurity measures to break the chain
of infection
Transmission
Infectious agents
Removing susceptible host - All - in - All- out - Vaccination - Down time
Sanitation - Buildings
- People
Pest
control
People
Equipment
Traffic control
Communication
Audits,Education & Regional networking
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HOW DO DISEASES SPREAD FROM
BIRD TO BIRD ?
BIRD WITHDISEASE
Exhaled airInfected eggs
Litter/Droppings
Feathers/DandruffInfectedbirds
Dead birds
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WHAT IS THE MODE OF SPREAD OF
DISEASE ?
Vertical spread : -Trans - ovarian transmission From EGG-to-CHICK
Horizontal spread :
a) Vectors
- Flies, BeetlesRodents
- Inanimate objects: Equipments,Faecal matter,
Feathers & Dandruff
b) Nutritional - Feed and Water
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WHY DO WE NEED BIOSECURITY ?
To reduce the infections -Freedom from disease
To avoid environmental pathogen challenge
To reduce morbidity & mortality
To improve good feed conversion
To boost good growth rate and production
To reduce cost of production
To reduce cost of medication
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BLOCK THE BUG BEFORE
IT BUGS YOR FLOCK
Principle of Biosecurity:
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Bio security programs require
Planning
Locating resources
Implementation
Control
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Location resources
planning
Implementation Control
CYCLE OF MANAGEMENT
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Three important factors in
Biosecurity are :
1-Conceptual Biosecurity
2- Structural Biosecurity
3-Operational Biosecurity
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OPERATIONNAL
CONCEPTUAL
HIERARCHY OF BIOSECURITY
STRUCTURAL
1
2
3
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1. CONCEPTUAL BIOSECUTRY
Location of the complex in relation to
concentrations of poultry of the same or
different species.
Distance between breeder and growing
units -hatcheries, feed mills, processing
plants/packing units etc.
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DISTANCE BETWEEN SHEDS
500
200
200
300
100
400 1000
DENSITY OF ORGANISMAS
DISTANCE IN MTS
100 50
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CONCEPTUAL BIOSECUTRY
Location of major or minor roads and the
movement of commercial and back yard
poultry.
Proximity of large lakes,tanks and rivers---
------migratory flyways
Location of multi age farms-laying units
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2. STRUCTURAL BIOSECURITY
Fence the farm area to prevent
trespass
Fencing of house area with
secured gates.
Decontamination area for vehicles and foot wear.
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STRUCTURAL BIOSECURITY
Proper store for feed-vermin free storage.
Bird and rodent proofing housing
Concrete flooring for proper cleaning.
Separate feed,litter and equipment
storage area away from live-birds.
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3. OPERATIONAL BIOSECURITY
Remove the litter and manure from the shed
wash flooring with plain water
sprinkle caustic soda flakes on the floor@1kg/100sq.ft
Soak caustic soda with water and spread it all over the flooring area and leave it for 3-4hours
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OPERATIONAL BIOSECURITY
Wash the roof, beams. trusses, cages,side
walls,curtains and all accessories inside the
shed with jet of plain water -(hot water is
preferable)
Wash the shed with2%solution of washing
soda(2kgs/100lit.water)
Use a suitable disinfectant to clean the
floor.
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OPERATIONAL BIOSECURTY
Use the flame gun to clean the shed
wash all the accessories like
feeders,waterers,brooders with jet of
water and then with washing soda solution
. -use of a
disinfectant is recommended
sun dry all equipments
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OPERATIONAL BIOSECURTY
Apply white wash to the shed
inside -use one part of lime and three parts of bleaching powder.
place new bedding-paddy
husk,wood shavings,maize cob
powder for deep litter.
place all accessories like waterers,
feeders,brooders in their places.
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OPERATIONAL BIOSECURTY
Cover the shed with curtains and
spray the disinfectant to words
ceiling-Environmental spray
FUMIGATION: 2Kgs of potassium permanganate with 4liters of formalin for 1000
Sft.of shed area.
Keep the shed closed and covered
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OPERATIONAL BIOSECURTY-6
For GUMBORO affected area /
sheds a final spray of -X-185,- 4
ml/litre of water chloramine-T need
to be sprayed.
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OPERATIONAL BIOSECURTY
For automatic watering systems -remove
all water from pipes and flush the pipes
with a descaler cum disinfectant solution
need to be applied.
Then Flush the system with plain water.
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DISINFECTION
VIRAL CHALLENGE
BACTERIALCHALLENGE
BACTERIAL CHALLENGE
COCCIDIAL CHALLENGE
EXCESSIVE FIELD CHALLENGE
VIRUS, BACTERIA, FUNGUS, PROTOZOA.
Field Challenges ?
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WHAT TYPES OF DISINFECTION ARE
TO BE FOLLOWED ?
TERMINAL DISINFECTION
CONTINUOUS DISINFECTION
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CHICKS PLACEMENTS
LIFTING OF BIRDS
DRYCLEANING
EQUIPMENT CLEANING
WATER WASHING
DISINFECTION-IPLACEMENT OF EQUIPMENTS
DISINFECTION-II
FOOT DIPSWHEEL DIPS
TERMINALDISINFECTION
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CONTINUOUS DISINFECTION
Practice of disinfection at regular
intervals.
Drinking water sanitation
During disease outbreaks.
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DRINKING WATER SANITATION
Source of water is important
Water from open well, surface bore wells,
river,pond needs treatment
-0.01%Iodine solution,low dilutions of
Sodium hypochlorite, Coccobenzyl dimethyl
ammonium chloride and Glutaraldehyde,
-Chlorine ,Bleaching powder etc.
Well guarded water supply -Chorination level
of not more than2ppm.
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DURING DISEASE OUTBREAKS
Sanitation of entire farm
disinfection of poultry sheds
Sanitation of all equipments
sanitation of any material entering and
exit in the farm
spray of disinfectant on the birds
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LITTER DISPOSAL
Removal of litter, faecal matter ,debris,
feathers and dispose away from the
poultry premises.
Treat the litter with larvecide insecticides.
Use organic matter for Proper composting
manure making or production of bio gas.
Avoid use of litter as manure around
poultry farm.
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BIOSECRITY OF SURROUNDINGS
Cleanup thoroughly six feet around the
buildings
Remove all the vegetation, organic matter-
litter,feathers,debris and decaying material
Provide proper drainage to avoid water
pools.damps or marshy areas
Cut off wild growth of trees,grass etc. to
avoid perching of wild birds
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SURVIVABILITY OF MICRO- ORGANISMS IN
THE ENVIRONMENT
Bursal disease -Months Avian Influenza -Days to weeks Maeks disease -Weeks New Castle disease -Days to weeks Laryngotracheitis -Days Duck plague -Days Fowl cholera -Weeks Fowl coryza -Hours to days Salmonellosis -Weeks Mycoplasma -Hours to days Coccidiosis -Months
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ORGANISMS TO BE CONTROLLED
BACTERIAL
-Salmonella pullorum -white diarrhea
-Salmonella galinarum -Fowl typhoid
-S.enteritidis -Gastroenteritis
-S.typhi murium -Typhoid
-Eschericha Coli, Aerobic bacilli, Staphylococci, Pseudomonas, Infectious Coryza & Fowl Cholera
-MYCOPLASMAL INFECTIONS -MG,MS,MI etc.
FUNGAL -Aspergillus fumigates, - -Candidiosis
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ORGANISMS TO BE CONTROLLED
VIRAL
-Infectious bursal disease
-Ranikhet disease
-Infectious bronchitis
-Marek`s diseas
-Adeno-viral infections
-HPS,IBH& EDS
-REO-viral infections
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CONTROL POINTS AT FARM LEVEL
Bio-security of the farm
Bio-security of the flock
Terminal clean outs and disinfection between
the flocks
Drinking water sanitation
Feed sanitation
Standard vaccination schedules
Flock health monitoring
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DISINECTING POULTRY HOUSES DISINECTANTS
Quaterinary Ammonium compounds
Iodophores
Phenols
Formaldihyde
REMARKS
-Mild detergents- hard water
& high organic matter
decrease it`s efficiency
-Stains equipment-organic
matter & pH interfere with
efficiency
-Resistant to organic
matter,less effective on
virus
-Very effective on all
organisms
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FORMALDEHYDE FUMIGATION FOR 100 Cft
STRENGTH FORMALIN
( IN ML)
POTASSIUM
PERMANGANATE
(In grams)
1 X 40 20
2 X 80 40
3 X 120 60
5 X 200 100
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FORMALDEHYDE FUMIGATION,CONCENTRATIONS AND
RECOMONDATIONS
Fumigation of Conc.of
fumigant
Minimum time of
fumigationHatching eggs
immediately after they
are laid
3 X 20 minutes
Egg incubator 2 X 30 minutes
Incubator room 1-2 X 30 minutes
Hatcher between
hatches
3 X 30 minutes
Hatcher and chick
room between hatchers
3X 30 minutes
Sexig area &Hatcher
and chick room
3X 30 minutes
Chick boxea, pads and 5X 30 minutes
trucks
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Effective against poultry
pathogens
Disease
organism
Aldehydes Chlorine Iodophore Quats Phenol Peroxide
Viruses ++ ++ +/- + + ++
Bacteria + ++ + + ++ +
B.spores + - - - - -
Fungus ++ - + + + +
Parasites - - - - - -
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SUMMERY
Biosecurity should be thought out, planned and implemented in a wider perspective.
Operational procedures are to be properly documented and communicated to each and every employee,so that they are implemented strictly.
Proper understanding and communication of biosecurity is very vital
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THANKS
for
YOUR TIME
and
NOW YOUR TIME FOR
QUESTIONS ?