biomass mngt & utilization
TRANSCRIPT
Biomass Resource Management and Utilization
Biomass Residue
Direct Application
• Incorporation
• In-situ composting
• Mulch
• Animal Beddings
•Landfill
Value Adding
• Mushroom production
• Vermi culture
• Fuel
Processing• Carbonization
• Composting
• Organic fertilizer production
• Feed Formulation
• Bio-based products
AGRICULTURE SYSTEM
Ways in managing biomass
In-site composting
• Rice straw and other farm biomass residues can be composted right in the field using EM microbial inoculant
• The use of biomass or organic materials improves soil quality and reduce chemical fertilizers
• Simple, practical and economical
In-situ composting of rice straw
In site Composting of Rice Straw
Methods• Spread rice straw in the field after
plowing• Apply 100 kg EMBI over the rice
straw then spray 5 liters extended EM solution (EMAS) per hectare.
• Maintain water level at least 2cm level.
• Harrow the field after 5-7 days to mix the rice straw to decompose
• Harrow again the field after 5-7 days.
• Spray 1 liter EMAS during final harrowing.
Results• Enhance straw
incorporation and decomposition.
• Soil becomes soft and friable.
• Reduce the effect of toxic acids to crops.
• Reduce fertilizer requirements.
Note: No need to apply EMBI if you use EM Organic or
fermented animal manure
Rapid composting using EM Technology
preparation Microbial inoculation
Composting Quality evaluation
Activators
• Produce compost in just 2-3 weeks
• Easy and practical methods
• Results comparable with other compost activators
Composting with EM Technology
Methods• Mix rice straw (7 parts),
grasses (2 parts), manure (1 part) and 100 g EMBI/kg materials.
• While mixing, water the material with EMAS (1:10 dilution rate) until MC is about 40-50%.
• Pile the materials and cover it with sack or plastic materials.
• Turn the materials after 1 week. Water it with Extended EM solution if necessary.
• The material is ready for use after 2-3 weeks.
Analysis OM (32.8%), pH (7.6),
N (2.05%), P (0.30%), K (27.56 meq/100g
Biomass resource recovery system
AGRICULTURE SYSTEM
MICROBIALINOCULANT
BIOMASS RESIDUE
FERMENTATIONPROCESS
•Microbial inoculant
SHREDDING &BULKING PROCESS
•Additives
FERMENTATION-DECOMPOSITION& CURING PROCESS
FERMENTED PRODUCTS•Foliar fertilizer•Feed supplement•Compost
BIOORGANIC FERTILIZER
FEEDS
PROCESSING & PACKAGING ADDITIVES
HOUSEHOLDModel
COMMUNITY/COMMERCIAL
Model
Fermented kitchen garbage
• EM Technology converts kitchen garbage into quality fertilizer and feed supplement through fermentation-decomposition process
• Stand longer time with no foul odor and maggots.
Fermented kitchen garbage
• Chop kitchen garbage (vegetable trimmings, fruit peels, fish entrails, meat scraps and left over foods).
• Add EMBI at 100g/kg garbage
• Place in container with drain plug. Press and cover.
• Ferment for 5-7 days.• Remove leacheate
regularly.
Uses • Substrate for compost• Organic fertilizer• Feed supplement• Leacheate as foliar
fertilizerAnalysis
pH (5.6), NH4N (0.73%), N (3.36%), P (0.38%), K (8.62%)
Fermented product have a sweet sour smell like pickles
EM Fermented Manure
Methods• Animal manure mixed
with MBI (100g/kg).• Watered with EM
solution (5% EM 1 & 5% molasses) until MC is about 40%.
• Mound the material, cover it with plastic or sack then fermented for 5 days.
Results• Foul odor removed• Quality improved
AnalysispH : 6.03, N : 2.43%, P : 0.33%,
K: 26.3%, MC: 5.0%
SHREDDING &BULKING PROCESS
FERMENTATION-DECOMPOSITION& CURING PROCESS
BIOORGANIC FERTILIZER
FEEDS
PROCESSING & PACKAGING
ADDITIVES• Fish emulsion• Blood emulsion• Rock phosphate• Lime• Femented effluent• etc
MICROBIALINOCULANT
• CARBONIZED RICE HULL• EM INOCULANT
• RICE BRAN• MANURE
• AnaerobicCondition• Moisture <40%• <50oC Temperature
PROCESS OF ORGANIC FERTILIZER PRODUCTION
Bio-organic fertilizer production
Bioorganic fertilizer production
• Utilizes local materials
• Practical, fast & economical
• Follows the fermentation-decomposition process
• No foul odor
Production of EM Bioorganic Fertilizer
Methods• Mix animal manure ( 4 parts) CRH (3
parts), Rice bran (2 parts) and garden soil (1part).
• Add 100 g MBI/kg materials and water it with EM solution (5% EMAS & 5% molasses) until MC is about 30-40%.
• Pile the materials, cover and ferment it for 2 weeks.
Note: Maintain temperature not more than 60oC
Analysis
pH : 4.92
N : 1.7%
P : 0.185%
K : 10.44%
MC : 5.75%
N content and C:N ratio of Selected organic materials
Animal Wastes %N C:N Ratio
UrineBloodFish scrapsPoultry manurePig manureCow manureFarm yard manureNight soil
15-1810-146.5-10
6.33.81.7
2.155.5-6.5
0.83
5.1--
1814
6-10
Nitrogen content…
Plant Biomass %N C:N Ratio
Grass clippingsSea weedStrawSawdustLegumes
2.41.91.10.1
2.4-3
191948
51116-20
Nitrogen content…
Household wastes
%N C:N Ratio
Raw garbageBreadVegetable trimmings
2.22.11.5
25-
25
• Foliar fertilizers and Fertilizer and Feed additives – Fish emulsion– Blood emulsion– Urine emulsion– Sea weeds extract– Animal effluent emulsion
• Insect repellant & anti-feedant – Fermented plant extracts – Smoke tar
Production of Bio-based products
EM formulations
• EM-1 is the original formulation. General purpose formula for soil and plant inoculant, compost starter, deodorizer, waste water treatment, drinking additives and for making other EM formulations such as EMAS & FPE.
EM formulations
• EM microbial base inoculant (EMBI) is fermented organic materials such as rice bran, cocodust, sawdust, CRH or other organic materials. Use as soil inoculant, compost starter, nutrient source and feed supplement. 1:1 ratio of organic materials and CRH + 5% EM 1 and 5% molasses fermented for 5-7 days.
EM formulations
• EM activated solution (EMAS) is the reactivated EM. Use as soil and plant inoculant, compost starter supplement, waste water treatment and deodorizer. Mix 3% EM 1 and 3% molasses in 94% water then ferment the solution anaerobically for 1 week.
Applications
• Soil inoculant. EM 1 or EME is applied into the soil
• Plant inoculant. EM is sprayed or sprinkled to the plants.
• Seed inoculant. Soak seed in 1:1000 dilution rate. The length of time depends on seed size. Small seeds is soak for 2-4 hrs, medium seeds, 8-12 hrs and larger seeds or with hard shells for 1-2 days.
• Compost starter. EMBI, EM 1, EMAS enhance decomposition
• Deodorizer/Sterilizer. Remove foul odor, reduce flies. Decontaminates water
Other applications of EM• Crop Maintenance• Animal health care • Fish pond
maintenance• Solid and waste
water treatment• Homecare• Industrial
Bioremediation of toxicants in biomass wastes
• EM microbial inoculant reduced the amount of heavy metals (lead, cadmium and mercury) spiked in biomass wastes during two-week period of fermentation.
Bioremediation of Heavy Metals Using EM
Methods• Kitchen garbage spiked with 10
ppm Lead and 2 ppm Cadmium• MBI was inoculated at 100g/kg
waste• Materials fermented for 7 days• Extraction and analysis was
done before treatment and at 7, 20 and 30 days after treatment
Results– 20-70% reduction
of Lead concentration
– 20-90% reduction of Cadmium concentration