BELLWORKBELLWORK1.1. Was the Populist party successful? Why or Was the Populist party successful? Why or

why not? Explain!why not? Explain!

2.2. Why would the U.S. want to expand beyond Why would the U.S. want to expand beyond its borders in the 1890s?its borders in the 1890s?

3.3. Who were the “rough riders?” (pg. 218)Who were the “rough riders?” (pg. 218)

4.4. What is What is imperialism?imperialism?

5.5. THINKER: In YOUR opinion, do you think the THINKER: In YOUR opinion, do you think the United States’ practice of Imperialism is a United States’ practice of Imperialism is a positive or negative thing? Explain! positive or negative thing? Explain!

Imperialism: good or bad?Imperialism: good or bad?

GOOD: gain of territory, resources, GOOD: gain of territory, resources, power, wealth, spread technology power, wealth, spread technology and religion; step towards and religion; step towards “globalization”“globalization”

BAD: moral grounds, loss of BAD: moral grounds, loss of culture, “power-hungry,” taking culture, “power-hungry,” taking advantage of other countries, loss advantage of other countries, loss of natural resources, oppressed, of natural resources, oppressed, leaves them dependent leaves them dependent

America Becoming a World PowerAmerica Becoming a World PowerJapan had not traded with a Western power for 250 Japan had not traded with a Western power for 250 years, but had great coal deposits.years, but had great coal deposits.

Open Door Policy:Open Door Policy: Commodore Matthew Perry sailed Commodore Matthew Perry sailed to Tokyo and “opened” or negotiated trade. The to Tokyo and “opened” or negotiated trade. The growth of Asian markets stimulated the U.S. economy.growth of Asian markets stimulated the U.S. economy.

Imperialism: Imperialism: establishing economic, political, and establishing economic, political, and military dominance over weaker nationsmilitary dominance over weaker nations

1867 – U.S. seized the Midway Islands in the Pacific 1867 – U.S. seized the Midway Islands in the Pacific (strategic for trade with China & Japan)(strategic for trade with China & Japan)

1867 – U.S. buys Alaska from Russia1867 – U.S. buys Alaska from Russia

Gold, copper, and oil are discovered in Alaska.Gold, copper, and oil are discovered in Alaska.

BEFORE

A

F

T

E

R

Causes of the Spanish-American WarCauses of the Spanish-American War

Cuba had struggled for 30 years over Cuba had struggled for 30 years over independence from Spain.independence from Spain.

Some argued Cuba was part of the U.S. - Some argued Cuba was part of the U.S. - geographically close & great economic potential geographically close & great economic potential (sugar)(sugar)

1895 – Cuban rebels launched a fight for 1895 – Cuban rebels launched a fight for independence. Spanish retaliated by placing independence. Spanish retaliated by placing them in concentration camps.them in concentration camps.

1896 – McKinley elected President; openly 1896 – McKinley elected President; openly supports Cuban independence. supports Cuban independence.

The U.S.S. MaineThe U.S.S. MaineU.S. Naval warship stationed in Havana U.S. Naval warship stationed in Havana harbor.harbor.On February 15, 1898 an explosion sunk On February 15, 1898 an explosion sunk the ship, killing 250 Americansthe ship, killing 250 AmericansYellow journalism blamed Spain, & Yellow journalism blamed Spain, & American people agreedAmerican people agreedYellow Journalism:Yellow Journalism: exaggerated or exaggerated or completely false news stories (sold more completely false news stories (sold more papers!)papers!)Scientists believe the explosion was Scientists believe the explosion was actually caused by a coal fire, leading to the actually caused by a coal fire, leading to the explosion of magazines/ammunition.explosion of magazines/ammunition.

1.1. scare headlines in huge print, often of minor scare headlines in huge print, often of minor news news

2.2. lavish use of pictures, or imaginary drawings lavish use of pictures, or imaginary drawings

3.3. use of faked interviews, misleading headlines, use of faked interviews, misleading headlines, pseudo-science, and false facts from so-called pseudo-science, and false facts from so-called experts experts

4.4. emphasis on full-color Sunday supplements, emphasis on full-color Sunday supplements, usually with comic strips (which is now normal usually with comic strips (which is now normal in the U.S.) in the U.S.)

5.5. dramatic sympathy with the "underdog" against dramatic sympathy with the "underdog" against the system.the system.

U.S.S. Maine = WAR!U.S.S. Maine = WAR!

February explosion of warship U.S.S. February explosion of warship U.S.S. Maine; Americans blame SpainMaine; Americans blame Spain

April 11, 1898 – Congress declares April 11, 1898 – Congress declares Cuba’s independenceCuba’s independence

April 24, 1898 – Spain declares warApril 24, 1898 – Spain declares war

U.S. also begins to focus on the Spanish U.S. also begins to focus on the Spanish territory of the Philippines.territory of the Philippines.

Why was it necessary for the U.S. to get Why was it necessary for the U.S. to get control of the Philippines?control of the Philippines?

Hawaii: U.S. state or not??Hawaii: U.S. state or not??

American planters and missionaries had American planters and missionaries had been in Hawaii since 1875 when the Senate been in Hawaii since 1875 when the Senate allowed Hawaiian sugar to enter the U.S. allowed Hawaiian sugar to enter the U.S. duty free. duty free.

1887 – King Kalakaua granted the U.S. 1887 – King Kalakaua granted the U.S. rights to build a naval base on Pearl Harbor rights to build a naval base on Pearl Harbor to protect American interests in the Pacific.to protect American interests in the Pacific.

1893 – American sugar planters in Hawaii 1893 – American sugar planters in Hawaii staged a rebellion against Queen Liluokalanistaged a rebellion against Queen Liluokalani

Winning Control of HawaiiWinning Control of HawaiiU.S. Marines stepped in and took U.S. Marines stepped in and took control. Congress moved toward official control. Congress moved toward official annexation; the process took another annexation; the process took another five yearsfive years

1900 – Hawaii becomes a U.S. territory1900 – Hawaii becomes a U.S. territory

After a massive growth in the economy, After a massive growth in the economy, the attack of Pearl Harbor, and WWII, the attack of Pearl Harbor, and WWII, Hawaii became a U.S. state in 1959. Hawaii became a U.S. state in 1959.

Reading: The Debate Over HawaiiReading: The Debate Over Hawaii

You are going to read an article You are going to read an article about the U.S. annexation of Hawaii.about the U.S. annexation of Hawaii.

Answer the following questions on Answer the following questions on the same sheet of paper.the same sheet of paper.

USE COMPLETE SENTENCES……USE COMPLETE SENTENCES……I will be taking off points!I will be taking off points!

Turn them in once you are finished!Turn them in once you are finished!

Should the U.S. Annex Hawaii?Should the U.S. Annex Hawaii?1.1. What did Americans force King Kalakaua to sign? What did Americans force King Kalakaua to sign?

What did this entail?What did this entail?2.2. What made Americans start plotting to overthrow What made Americans start plotting to overthrow

Queen Liliuokalani?Queen Liliuokalani?3.3. What did the new 1894 Constitution, written by What did the new 1894 Constitution, written by

Hawaiian-born Americans say?Hawaiian-born Americans say?4.4. What was the difference between President What was the difference between President

Cleveland and President McKinley’s views on the Cleveland and President McKinley’s views on the annexation of Hawaii?annexation of Hawaii?

5.5. Why did the U.S. want to annex Hawaii? List some Why did the U.S. want to annex Hawaii? List some reasons.reasons.

6.6. Do you think the U.S. should have annexed Hawaii Do you think the U.S. should have annexed Hawaii in 1898? Why or Why not?in 1898? Why or Why not?