Populist Movement

• Farmers who ban together in order to deal w/problems. ??

• Debt- wanted gov’t to use Silver backed $$ instead of Gold ? Money is worth less, so is their debt.

• RR abuses- took advantage of small farmers when shipping goods. $$$ High Prices$$$

• Populist Parties ideas later become laws.Ex:8hr.work day,Income tax, Direct Election of Senators.

William Jennings Bryan

Cross of Gold Speech

The Gilded Age

• The Populists & Progressives after them, looked to fixed the problems of what Mark Twain called The Gilded Age

• Twain & others criticized Industrialization & the fact that Big Business leaders were taking advantage of poor for their own gain.

• The US had gained wealth but at what cost?

The Progressive Movement• Who-• Middle-Upper Class Reformers• What they wanted-• Progress/Change-deal w/problems caused by

industrialization-Influenced by Populists• When-• 1880’s-1920’s• Muckrakers-• Journalists who exposed problems

The Progressive MovementConsumer Protection

Upton Sinclair’s work led to the passage of the Meat Inspection Act

and Pure Food and Drug Act

Jacob Riis Journalist/Photographer

Helping the Poor

Settlement Houses helped immigrants and poor w/education

Jane Addams established one of these in Chicago called Hull House

Helping the Poor

Thomas NastPolitical Cartoonist who exposed political corruption

Government Begins to Regulate Big Business

Government Begins to RegulateBig Business

• Sherman Anti-Trust Act/Clayton Anti-Trust Act-• Attempted to regulate/control

monopolies/trusts• Interstate Commerce Commission-• Government regulate/control shipping of

goods• Federal Trade Commission-• Stops unfair business practices

Government Begins to RegulateBig Business

• Federal Reserve Banking System “The Fed”-• Controls amount of $$$ banks can loan and

interest rates on loans.• The Fed will lower interest rates to get

people to take out loans-mainly on homes. Meant to stimulate the economy.

Progressive Presidents

• Teddy Roosevelt(1901-1909) becomes the first progressive president.

• His domestic policies were called the Square Deal-all citizens should be treated fairly by government and business.

Progressive Presidents

• TR wanted monopolies controlled.

• For this he became known as the “Trustbuster”

Progressive Presidents

• TR was a conservationist-today we would say environmentalist

• He began the National Parks Service

Progressive Presidents

• TR began the Progressive/Bull Moose Party for the 1912 Presidential Election

• He ran against his successor-William Howard Taft and the eventual winner Woodrow Wilson

Progressive Presidents

• William Howard Taft-1909-1913 would actually break up more trusts than Roosevelt but never got the credit.

• One of these was the Standard Oil Company-Rockefeller’s

Progressive Presidents

• Woodrow Wilson 1913-1921

• 4 Amendments were passed during his presidency

• 16th-19th

16th AmendmentProgressive Federal Income Tax

The More you make the more you pay

More Participation in Government

• 17th Amd.-citizens directly vote for US Senators-originally voted by State Law makers

• Referendum-citizens vote on laws• Initiative-citizens propose laws• Secret Ballot- less intimidation• Robert LaFollette-Progressive • Wisconsin Governor

18th Amendment Prohibition of Alcohol

• 1933• 1920

19th AmendmentWomen’s Suffrage/Vote 1920

Carrie Chapman Alice Paul

Women’s RightsMargaret Sanger-

• Planned Parenthood

African American Rights1896-Plessy v. Ferguson-Separate But Equal

legalBooker T. Washington• Learn a skill/vocation,

make money-Tuskege Institute

W.E.B. DuBois• Fight for civil rights, one of

founders of NAACP-1909