Bell Ringer2/27/15

• What you need for class:– Pencil– Science notebook

• Pass forward bell ringers to front of row

Bell Ringer3/2/15

• What you need for class:– Pencil– Science notebook

• Which type of tissue carries sensory and motor impulses between the brain and the body?a. nerve tissueb. muscle tissuec. epithelial tissued. connective tissue

Bell Ringer3/3/15

• What you need for class:– Pencil– Science notebook

• The part of the brain that controls thoughts and voluntary actions is the —

a. cerebrum.b. cerebellum.c. brain stem.d. spinal cord.

Bell Ringer3/4/15

• What you need for class:– Pencil– Science notebook

Which major system primarily regulates most activity in humans? a. Digestiveb. Muscularc. Nervousd. Skeletal

Structure of a Nerve Cell (Neuron)

On your foldable label these parts:1. Dendrite2. Cell body3. Axon4. nucleus

Neuron Foldable• Fill out each flap

– Axon- sends electrical signals/impulses from the cell body

– Cell body- the central part of a neuron

– Neuron- brain cell– Dendrite- branches of a neuron

that receive signals/impulses– Synapse- where 2 neurons

exchange a signal between one’s axon and the other’s dendrite

• Color the neuron in the center

• Color each flap a different color

Glossary Terms1. Nervous system2. Brain3. Spinal cord4. Peripheral nerves5. Cerebrum 6. cerebellum7. Brain stem8. Homeostasis9. Reflex10. concussion

• Use your notes and sciencesaurus to define terms

The Nervous System!

SC Indicator 7-3.2

Recall the major organs of the human body and their functions

within their particular body system.

SC Indicator 7-3.3

Summarize the relationships of the major body systems.

The Nervous SystemThe nervous system is made up of 3 major organs:

The brainThe spinal cord

The peripheral nerves

• Let’s look at each one individually…

The Nervous System – Main Organs

The BRAINThe brain is an organ which has 3 distinct parts that all serve to control and coordinate the activities of the body.

The parts are:Cerebrum

CerebellumBrain Stem

Parts of the Brain• The cerebrum controls

thought, memory, voluntary actions (those you choose to do), and the sensations related to the five senses.

• Anything you see, hear, touch, taste, and smell is because of the cerebrum.

Parts of the Brain

The cerebellum helps with

balance and coordination

.

Parts of the Brain• The brain stem is

located at the base of the brain.• It controls

involuntary processes (like breathing, heartbeats, and digestion).

TheHuma

nBrain

Rapid Review

• As each question comes up, read the answer choices and be ready to answer if called upon.

• Please DO NOT yell out your answers.

• Everyone needs time to read and think about the answers.

• 1. brain• 2. spinal cord• 3. peripheral nerves

List the 3 major organs of the nervous system…

• Spinal cord• Brainstem• Cerebrum• Cerebellum

• C – The cerebrum, the largest part of the brain, controls memory.

What part of the brain controls memory?

• Spinal cord• Brainstem• Cerebrum• Cerebellum

• B – The brain stem, located at the base of the brain

What part of the brain controls involuntary responses like

breathing?

The SPINAL CORD• The spinal cord is a

bundle of nerves that begins at the brain stem and continues down the center of the back through the vertebrae.

• It connects with the peripheral nerves.

The spinal cord is located

inside the vertebrae

.

Vertebrae protect it.

The PERIPHERAL NERVES• The network of nerves that

branch out from the spinal cord and connect to the rest of the body are peripheral nerves.

• They transmit signals to and from the brain through the spinal cord.

• The signals are called impulses.

Nerves

Neurons

Structure of a Nerve Cell (Neuron)

• Reflexes are automatic responses that occur very rapidly and without conscious control.

• If you touch a sharp object, for example, your hand immediately jerks away.

• You don’t have to think about it.• It happens automatically.

What are reflexes?

• Concussions and spinal cord injuries are two ways that the nervous system can become damaged.

• A concussion is a bruise-like injury of the brain that happens when the soft tissue of the cerebrum bumps against the skull.

• Spinal cord injuries can occur when the spinal cord is cut or crushed.

• If the spinal cord is cut, it can cause paralysis, which is the loss of movement in some part of the body.

Keeping Your Nervous System Safe

• The process by which an organism’s internal environment is kept stable in spite of changes in the external environment.

Homeostasis

P. 36 The Brain• Frontal Lobe-

– Memory– Thinking– Concentration– Problem solving

• Parietal Lobe– Processing sensory info

• Temporal Lobe– Memory storage– Smell, taste, and sound– Language

• Occipital Lobe– vision

• The nervous system is made up of the brain, spinal cord, and peripheral nerves.

• The brain controls and coordinates the body’s activities.

• The spinal cord is a bundle of nerves beginning at the brain stem and running down through the vertebrae.

• The peripheral nerves branch out from the spinal cord to the rest of the body and send signals to and from the brain.

Summary of the Nervous System

• The following questions will help you understand the nervous system, its parts, and its functions.

• Read each question carefully before blurting out an answer.

Nervous System Review

• Delivering oxygen to cells• Maintaining homeostasis• Moving the body• Supporting the body

• B – If you feel thirsty, your body is letting your brain know. Homeostasis is the process of keeping your body in balance.

When the nervous system makes you feel thirsty, what body

process is it helping to carry out?

• Stimulus• Reaction• Impulse• Response

• A – A stimulus is anything that may make an organism react or respond.

A change or signal in the environment that can make an organism react is called a(n)

• Brain• Spinal cord• Cerebellum• Cerebrum

• B – The spinal cord is the bundle of nerves running through the vertebrae.

The thick column of nerve tissue that links the brain to most of the nerves in the peripheral nervous system is the

• Spinal cord• Brainstem• Cerebrum• Cerebellum

• C – The cerebrum, the largest part of the brain, controls memory.

What part of the brain controls memory?

• Stimulant• Neuron• Reaction• Reflex

• D – A reflex is not something you can control. It’s automatic.

An automatic response of the body that occurs very rapidly and without

conscious control is called a(n)

• Touch• Sight• Taste• Pressure

• D – The five major senses are seeing, hearing, touching, tasting, and smelling.

Which of the following is NOT one of the major senses?

• Involuntary reaction• Depressant• Stimulus• Response

• D – The rain is the stimulus that caused you to respond by closing the window.

Suppose that you close a window because you notice that rain is

falling. Your action in closing the window is a(n)

• Central nervous system• Peripheral nervous system• Circulatory system• Respiratory system

• A – The central nervous system is the control center and is made up of the brain and spinal cord.

The brain and spinal cord make up the

• Receiving input from the senses• Controlling involuntary processes like

breathing• Coordinating the actions of the muscles• Protecting the cerebrum

• B – The brainstem controls those processes in your body like heartbeat, breathing, digestion, etc.

What is the function of the brainstem?

• A stimulant• Paralysis• An inhalant• A concussion

• D – A concussion occurs when your brain is bruised due to the soft tissue of the cerebrum bumping against the skull.

A bruise-like injury of the brain is called

STIMULUS

The traffic light turns green and the driver steps on the gas pedal to

make the car move forward.

The green traffic light acted as a __ that caused a response in the driver.

CEREBRUM

The part of the brain that controls thinking, speaking, and hearing is

the

Nerves Or

Neurons

The peripheral nervous system consists of __ that link the central nervous system with all parts of

the body.

HOMEOSTASIS

One function of the nervous system is to maintain ___, or

stability within the body.

REFLEX

After you touch a hot pan, you immediately jerk your hand away

without thinking about your action, and before you even feel the pain of the

burn.

This type of response is known as a ___.

Acknowledge

ments

• All pictures were obtained from various sources on Google Images.

• None of the pictures/illustrations are mine.

• Credit is given to all artists/photographers for their work.