behavior and safety
DESCRIPTION
Psychology is the science of behavior and here we show the PTAS Method as a resource to improve behavior safety at work. Dr. Lopez-Mena working in it since 1982.TRANSCRIPT
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PTAS METHOD
Foundations
Human Behavior and Safety
The name PTAS mean: Psychological Techniques Applied to SafetyIt is a translation from spanish name: “Tecnicas Psicológicas aplicadas a la Seguridad”Method developed by L. Lopez-Mena, since 1982.
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Ordinary people says aboutpeople’s
Behavior.
They are drinkersThey are lazyThey are fool(others prejudices)
These expressions areonly tags, withoutscientific value.
Not valid
People´s behavior is a function of itsconsequences.
In every part of the world, people’sbehavior on the job, is a functionof management system.
Our duty as managers is to knowhow people’s behavior appear, developsand changes, to manage it with scientific knowledge.
Psychology is the science of behavior.
Scientific research says:
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Attitudes
are inside a person’s head -therefore they are not observable or measurable,
Attitudes can be changed by changing behaviors.
However,
NO
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Behavior: Any directly measurable thing that a person does, including speaking, acting, thinking, and performing physical functions.
Behavior can be observable or not. In PTAS Method we work with observable behavior.
Behavior definition:
(observable) (internal)
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Behavior and Safety.(From scientific point of view)
Our attention is directed to observable safe/unsafety behavior
The behavior is:
a) Natural phenomena,
b) Frecuently happenc) In relation with methodically and predictable
way, d) with enviromental events.
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An useful tool for collecting data on safe or unsafe behavior
A scientific way to understand why people behave the way they do, when it comes to safety
Conceptually easy to understand, but often hard to implement and sustain without Production Manager’s support.
Psychology applied Safety:
What is it?
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Only about observation and feedback
Concerned only about the behaviors of line employees
A substitution for traditional risk management techniques
About cheating & manipulating people & aversive control
A process that does not need Manager support and involvement.
Psychology applied Safety: What It is Not!
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Work’saccidentsCauses
Human Behavior
TechnicalFactors
Inheritance
Environment
(learning)
Study and manage human learning
process
PTAS Method
The causes of work’s accidents
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Evaluation of Safety Interventions.
(National Safety Council, 1999)
Strategies Accident’s Reduction in Safety
in %
Behavioral 59.6%Ergonomics 51.6%
Engineering 29.0% Problem solution 20.0% Governement actions 18.3% Management audit 17.0%
Stress Management 15.0%Pictures Campaining 14.0%
Personnel Selection 3.7%
% = different numbers of studies
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Behavior is explained by human learning process.
To know more about human behavior, psychologist made a experimental studies on human learning process, because almost all our behavior is learned behavior.
The knowledge on learning process, is based on scientific research, from the
end of XIX century.
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Description of PTAS Method
The name PTAS mean: Psychological Techniques Applied to SafetyIt is a translation from spanish name: “Tecnicas Psicologicas aplicadas a la Seguridad”developed by L. Lopez-Mena, since 1982.
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PTAS METHOD
Objectives,
a) Improve and increase the safe behavior of workers through managing human learning process.
b) Identify and evaluate behaviors and psychosocial conditions, of the enterprise.
c) To use behavioral technology to obtain changes in safety.
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PTAS METHOD STEPS
This method has five steps :
1. Identify critical behaviors in safety.
2. Measure and register these critical behaviors.
3. Functional analysis of behavior.
4. Intervention.
5. Assessment and continue (follow on).200195190185180175170165160155150
Millions of Dollars
1992 1991 1990
Production Costs
Unit Price
Profits
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A Behavioral Safety process (PTAS Method) is proven to improve safe practices through a positive, employee driven, and continuously improving process. (CIS).
A behavioral process also allows companies to harness the power of company and individual values for safety.
This creates a culture where managers and employees work safely for the right reasons rather than one where people simply follow procedures to avoid punishment. (see safety culture)
BEHAVIORAL SAFETY PROCESS
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P.T.A.S. Method, Case Studies and RESULTS
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Safety behavior levelbefore PTAS Intervention
Case 1.
In Spain.
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EXAMPLE PTAS RESULTS IN IMPROVED
SafetyBehaviors.
Intervention
Baselineof targets behaviors
Follow up(3 months later)
Decreasedmicroorganism
pathogens in meals
Case 2.
(In Chile)
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% S
AF
E
LIFTING AIDSRETREAD
% MEDIAN
I1st ntervention
2nd Intervention
4 of 6 Items
5th of 6 Items comp
1 Mean = 18.6%
Mean = 86%
WOLVERHAMPTON RETREAD
Critical behavior: Using lifting hoist for movement of xxx from trolleys to curing press. (July – October 2006 Observations)
EXAM
PLE
!!
Original data obtained with PTAS Method in Wolverhampton Plant (2006)
In England
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SUMMARY QUALITATIVE EVALUATION
PTAS METHOD
• Good reception by observed by floor associates.
• They appreciate the positive action to change unsafe behavior.
• Decline criticism and complaint.
• Increased teamwork to solving safety problems.
• Changing safety culture on the job.
• Improve communication among workers and managers.