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BI M UMN NG PHPB MN NHT BN HC - HK4 Ngy 25 thng 2 nm 2013Thi gian : 17h45-20h45Ging vin : H Th L ThyLp Nht 2A. CHNG TRNH GING DYLCH TRNH:Ngy hc : Th HaiGi hc : 17h45-20h45Thi gian : 25/02/2013 - 03/06/2013 (15 tun)

2. GIO TRNH :Kana nyumonMinna no Nihongo Shokyu 1 (Bn ting Nht v bn dch ting Vit) Minna no Nihongo Shokyu 1-Hyoujyun monndaishyu

3. NI DUNG GING DY Mi tun 1 bi Bao gm: Bunkei (mu cu), Reibun (cu v d), Renshyu (A+B), Mondai (tr phn nghe + c hiu)Hyojyun mondaishyu (Gio vin c hiu m nhim)

4. QUY NH KIM TRALm bi tp gio vin cho v nh y .u mi bui s kim tra bi tp v nh. Cho im nh gi thm cho im kim tra gia hc k.Tt chung in thoi trong gi hcKhng ngh qu nhiu gi hc (trn 30% s gi hc).Nu c bng ting Nht N2 tr ln c min gi ln lp nhng phi tham gia k thi gia k.

B. KHI QUT V TING NHTTrc thi Nara (Nm 710), Nht Bn cha c ch vit ca ring h.Trong giai on Nara (710-794), t tin ngi Nht Bn phng theo nhng ch vit ca Trung Hoa mang vo Nht th hin ting Nht.Nhng ch vit nh vy gi l Mayonaga. Mayonaga c s dng trong nhng sch c. V d: Trong sch c Mayoshu, Kojiki, Nihonshoki. Loi ch Kana ca Nht Bn c hnh thnh da trn loi ch Mayonaga.Ch vit ca ngi Nht mang nt vn ha c trng ring, khc vi ch vit Trung Hoa.

- H thng ch vit ca ting Nht :

1. Hn t (Kanji)2. Kiu ch n m mm (Hiragana)3. Kiu ch n m cng (Katakana)

- Kanji c th vit bng ch Kana- Kanji khng cn thit khi ni.- Hc ting Nht giai on u l bt u hc ch Kana- Khi nm c ch Kana, c th giao tip mc no .BNG CH HIRAGANA - KATAKANA

KANJI HN T (KANJI)(NIHONGO)I. Kanamoji (ch Kana) l g?Tn gi chung ca ch Hiragana v Katakana.Loi ch ny c th c xem tng ng nh bng ch ci ting Anh. Kana c 46 loi ch n m. Hiragana c sng ch nhm thay th nhng ch vit qu kh mayonaga thi Heian (794-1192). Hiragana c to thnh hnh dng n gin, c ngun gc t ch vit Trung Hoa. Hiragana c th gi l Ultimate Sosho (kiu ch tho y ).

V dch (HIRAGANA) c thay i nh sau.

Katakana c sng ch vit ch d dng hn thi Heian (794-1192). Katakana c to thnh bng vic s dng mt phn ca ch Kanji. Hnh dng ca Katakana th cng v n gin. V d, ch " c to thnh t vic ly phn bn tri ca Kanji sau :

2. Pht m ca ch KanaCh Kana c 46 kiu ch tng ng vi 46 n v m chun. Chng c gi l cc Seion.Ngoi ra cn c cc loi m nh :Dakuon, Handakuon,Yoon(),Sokuon, Chouon (trng m ) . Tokushoon c thm vo vit nhng t vay mn (WiWe).

3. S dng ch Kana

C th vit mt cu hon ton bng loi ch Kana. Tuy nhin, cu ch c ch Kana s c vi t kh hiu, v n s tr thnh cu rt kh c. V vy, ngi Nht s dng c Kanamoji v Kanji. Mi ch Kana khng c ngha. Vic s dng Kanamoji trong cc trng hp sau :

Hiragana- Phn cui ng t (, phn cui tnh t- Tr t, tr ng t- Nhng t khng c kanji- Ch ra cch c ca kanji ()Katakana- T nc ngoi, t vay mn, ting Anh kiu Nht- Tn nc ngoi v tn a danh- Nhng t lin quan trong khoa hc hay k thut- Tn ng vt hay thc vt- T tng thanh

4. T vay mn v ting Anh kiu NhtNht Bn l quc gia s dng nhiu t vay mn. Katakana c s dng vit nhng t vay mn, tn nc ngoi v tn a danh. T vay mn l t c thit lp vi ngha gc. T ting Anh kiu Nht c xy dng bi kt hp cc t ting Anh. Mc d nghe th ging ting Anh nhng s din t khc vi ngha ting Anh gc. V vy m, ch c ngi Nht c th hiu Ting Anh kiu Nht. V t loi ny c kh nhiu nn d b nhm ln vi ting Anh gc.Tham kho v d trong ti liu in (trang 5)

II. Kanji l g?Hn t xut pht t Trung Hoa. Tuy nhin, Hn t ca Nht Bn th c ci tin nhm ch vit n gin hn. V d : nguyn bn ca ch l . C nhiu kanji m vn ha ch vit Nht to nn. C khong 10,000 hoc hn trong t in Hoa-Nht.C khong 6000 Kanji hoc hn c th c s dng trn my tnh. Hin nay, c khong 2000 Kanji thng dng.

- Kanji c th c vit bng cch s dng ch Kana. - Nu vy, ti sao chng ta c th s dng Kanji?- Kanji c thun li l chng ta c th hiu ngha qua hnh dng ca n. - V d , t Kanji c th c vit bng Hiragana. Tuy nhin, cng c mt s t cng pht m l nh (Chinese character), (organizer), (inspector), (feeling), tn ca ngi no cng tn l Kanji. Tuy nhin, nu n vit bng ch Hn t, chng ta c th hiu ch mt ngha bi nhn thy t . ng nhin, nu chng ta khng bit Kanji, th cng khng hiu ngha nt. V vy, tht quan trng hc Kanji.

2. Pht m ca KanjiKanji c hai cch c. Theo cch "On-yomi" v "Kun-yomi". On-yomi l cch c kiu gc Trung hoa. "Kun-yomi" l cch c gc ca Nht. Okurigana c thm vo mt Kanji trong nhiu trng hp. Bn trong ca du ngoc n ca v d sau y l Okurigana.

3. T (Cch din t)Kanji c ngha trong mi ch v tng ng vi mt t. Chng c th kt hp v c th to thnh nhng t c ngha khc nhau. S ca nhng t c th ln n hng chc ngn.

4. Thnh ng (t) ghp t bn ch kanjiNgoi nhng t s dng thng thng, c khong 1000 hoc hn na loi 4 ch kanji kt hp to nn thnh ng. c trng l n mang s lng ln thng tin so vi s k t.Xem v d trang 7 trong ti liu copy.

5. B (trong Hn t)B l mt b phn cu thnh ca Hn t.Chng c xem nh mt tiu chun nhm phn loi Hn t. T in Hn t cng c sp xp theo mi b. Khi tm Kanji m khng bit cch pht m, c th tm theo b. Kanji c cng b thnh thong c im chung trong ngha.

III. Nhng k t ngoi Kana hay KanjiNhng k hiu nh du cuNhng k hiu dng ngt cu c s dng trong ting Nht l Kuten v Touten , - Kuten th tng ng vi du chm cu trong ting Anh. N lun c s dng cui cu. Touten c s dng m lm cho cu d c v d hiu. C th vit uy nhin, khng c quy nh r rng khi no s dng hay,.

3. Nhng k t khc " : Thng c s dng cho mc t ca ti liu. N c s dng khi a vo cng t hay v cu ging nhau. " - " : Ch s ko di m ca nguyn m. Hng vit ph thuc vo hng ca bi vit. : C ngha l tn. V d : ngha t th hai n th Su. :Tng t nh trong ting Anh : l du trch dn trong ting Nht.

2. Nhng k hiu lp liTing Nht khng c dng vn phm s nhiu nh ting Anh. Tuy nhin, c mt kanji c th ch ra s nhiu bi vic lp li. Nhng k hiu lp li ca Kanji l V d :(hito) a person (hitobito) people (toki) time (tokidoki) sometimes

IV. MT S CU CHO HI V CU S DNG TRONG LP HCCu cho hi v cch ni hng ngy- Ohaiyo gozaimasu (Cho bui sng)- Konnichiwa (Cho bui tra v chiu) (Cho hi ni chung)- Konbanwa (Cho bui ti)- Oyasuminasai (Chc ng ngon)- Sayonara (Tm bit)- Arigatou gozaimasu (Cm n)- Sumimasen (Xin li)- Onegaishimasu (Lm phin anh/ch)

2. Cu s dng trong lp hc- Hajimemasyo (Chng ta (hy) bt u)- Owarimasyou (Chng ta (hy) dng y)- Yasumimasyou (Chng ta (hy) ngh.- Wakarimasuka (Anh/Ch c hiu khng?) - Hai, wakarimasu (Vng, ti hiu) - Iye, wakarimasen (Khng, ti khng hiu) - Mou ichido,onegaishimasu (Xin hy nhc li) - Kekko desu (c)- Dame desu (Khng c)- ()Namae (tn)- ()Siken (Bi thi)() Syukudai (Bi tp v nh)- ()Shistumon (Cu hi), ()Kotae (Cu tr li), ()Rei (V d)