asa bio 2014 williams human anatomy terminology. anatomy & physiology
TRANSCRIPT
ASA Bio 2014
Williams
HUMAN ANATOMY TERMINOLOGY
ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY
STANDARD ANATOMICAL POSITION (SAP) • Standing straight
• Palms forward
• No bones crossed!
ANATOMICAL PLANES
• Coronal – separates into FRONT & BACK parts
• Sagittal – separates into RIGHT & LEFT parts
• Transverse – separates into TOP & BOTTOM parts
ANATOMICAL PLANES & DIRECTIONAL TERMS
ANATOMICAL PLANES & DIRECTIONAL TERMS
ANATOMICAL PLANES & DIRECTIONAL TERMS
DIRECTIONAL TERMS
SAGITTAL PLANE
Separates body into right & left parts
• Midline: exact middle of body (sagittal plane)
• Medial: towards the midline
• Lateral: away from the midline
DIRECTIONAL TERMS
CORONAL PLANE
Separates body into front & back parts
• Anterior: forward of coronal plane
• Posterior: behind coronal plane
DIRECTIONAL TERMS
TRANSVERSE PLANE
Separates body into top & bottom parts
• Superior: above transverse plane
• Inferior: below transverse plane
MAJOR DIVISIONS OF THE BODY
• Cranial – skull
• Infracranial – the rest of the body
• Axial – trunk & head (parts in midline)
• Appendicular – appendages/ limbs
• Includes pelvic and shoulder girdles
DIRECTIONS IN APPENDICULAR SKELETON
DIRECTIONAL TERMS
APPENDICULAR SKELETON
Appendages/ Limbs
• Distal: away from body
• Proximal: towards body
ADDITIONAL DIRECTIONAL TERMS
Palmar: Dorsal:
Palm of hand Back of hand
ADDITIONAL DIRECTIONAL TERMS
Dorsal: Plantar:
top of foot bottom (sole) of foot
TERMS OF MOVEMENT• Flexion Decreasing angle between bony elements at joint
• Extension Increasing angle between bony elements at joint
TERMS OF MOVEMENT• ABduction Moving away from the midline
• ADduction Moving towards the midline
TERMS OF MOVEMENT• Medial Rotation Rotating medially (in to the body)
• Lateral Rotation Rotating laterally (away from the body
TERMS OF MOVEMENT• Pronation Placing palm posteriorly
• Supination Placing palm anteriorly
TERMS OF MOVEMENT• Dorsiflexion Decrease angle between foot and leg
• Plantarflexion Increase angle between foot and leg
TERMS OF MOVEMENT• Inversion Sole of foot towards midline
• Eversion Sole of foot away from midline
TERMS OF MOVEMENT• Circumduction Combined movements of flexion/extension, adduction/abduction,
etc
PAIRED MOVEMENTS• Flexion/ Extension sagittal plane
• ADduction/ ABduction coronal plane
• Medial/ Lateral rotation transverse plane