artificial intelligence : what it is
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Artificial Intelligence
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A brief history of AI
• 1943: Mcculloch and Pitts propose a model of
artificial neurons
• 1956: Minsky and Edmonds build first neural
network computer, the SNARC
What is artificial intelligence?
• It's the science as well as engineering of making intelligent machines, particularly intelligent computer programs.
• That is related to the particular related process regarding making use of computers to understand human intelligence, however AI doesn't have in order to confine itself to methods that are biologically observable.
Cont…
AI Methods, Problems, Application
• Paradigms: symbolic, connectionists• Methods: knowledge representation, logic, search• Problems: planning as well as decision making,
pattern recognition, machine learning• Applications: intelligent agents, expert systems,
game playing , natural language processing, robotics.
Application of AI
• Science• Improvement associated with new drugs– model clinical research within animals as well as
humans• Remote controlled surgical procedures– utilizes robotics as well as computer-based optical
techniques– can be executed 50 percent approach around the
world
Cont…
• Innovative weather modeling • Doppler redar• speech recognition– In the 1990s, computer speech recognition reached a
practical level with regard to limited purposes. Therefore United Airlines provides swapped out the keyboard tree with regard to flight information with a program using speech recognition associated with flight numbers as well as city names. It's very convenient. Alternatively, although you are able to teach several computers making use of speech, many people have gone back to the keyboard as well as the mouse as still more convenient.
Cont…
• Industrial • Machine vision inspection techniques– cameras as well as computers are put about
assembly lines to get problems• Robotic systems• Use computer automation and also mechanical
equipment – be held connected with humans in manufacturing
associated with cars
Cont…
• Understanding natural language• Expert systems• Heuristic classification• Modeling human performance• Planning and robotics• Game playing• Computer vision• Language and environmental of AI• Machine learning
Intelligent AgentsFeatures TopicGoal-motivated behavior State space search
logical Decision making System, reasoning patternsKnowledge based behavior Knowledge representation
• Information• Data• Knowledge
Adaptive behavior Machine learning
Interaction and communication Vision, pattern recognition natural language processing
Physical activity Robotics
Branches of AI
• Natural language• Genetic programming• Epistemology• Robotics• Expert system• Logical AI• Perceptive systems• Inference
Future of AI
• The future is really unknown• Researchers seem to disagree with use many of
the similar issues• Using the price where technology is actually
enhancing it's logical to believe AI will continue to obtain more and more sophisticated
1980-1988 AI in industry
• R1 becomes first successful commercial expert system.
• Some interesting phone company systems with regard to diagnosing failures associated with telephone service.
1990s to the present
• Increases in computational power (computers systems tend to be less expensive, quicker, and also have tons more memory than they used to)
• An example of the coolness of speed computer Chess
Language Used
Programming language used to develop AI• Lisp• Python• Prolog• Java• C++
Advantage
• It might help enhance the way of life• Machine can do jobs that need comprehensive
instructions• Mental alertness as well as decision creating capabilities• Use robots with regard to large construction, military
benefits, as well as with regard to personal assistance at personal homes
• There is going to be much less injuries as well as stress to human beings
• Many of our health problem now have possible solutions with the by using AI within research from universities
Cont…
• Scientists have been using AI to test theories as well as notions about how our brains work
• AI opens up new and exciting avenues for entertainment possibilities
• AI also makes interactive electronic games more fun by making the computer controlled characters more realistic and human-like.
Specifics of AI problems
• Require both procedural as well as declarative knowledge
• Require reasoning abilities• Require planning• Require learning abilities
