Physical Education Workbook

Tercer trimestre

2ºESO

1. INTRO DUCTIO N (Tomado de Miguel Ángel Berrocal)

Basketball is a team sport. Two teams of five players each try to score by shooting a ball through a hoop, 3.05 metres high. The game is played on a rectangular floor called the court, and there is a hoop at each end. The court is divided into two main sections by the mid-court line.

Panorámica general del juego: http://www.elpais.com/especial/juegos-olimpicos/swf/baloncesto08.swf

The ball is moved down the court toward the basket by passing or dribbling. The team with the ball is called the offense. The team without the ball is called the defense.

When a team scores a basket, they score two points and the ball goes to the other team. If a basket is made outside of the three-point arc, then that basket is worth three points. A free throw is worth one point. Free throws are usually given when a foul is made while shooting.

1. A im o f t he g a me : 2 teams of 5players a ttem pt to score as many baskets as possible in a time match.

2. The c o u rt : 15 m x 28 m.

3 point line for NBA: 7.24 m. 3 point line for FIBA: 6.25 m.

3. The b a s k et : is 3.05 hight.

4. The b al l : weighs between 600 and 650 grammes.

5. Ma t ch du r a t i o n : 4 quarters of 10 minutes playing time. In case of a t i e , there is a 5 minute overtime period. Play continues until a winner is determined. The clock stops at each w h i s t le or when one of the two coaches demands a t i m e o u t .

6. THE PLAYERS

1. The p o int g ua r d. 2. The s h oot ing g ua r d. 3. The s m all f or wa r d. 4. The p o w e r f or wa r d. 5. The c e n ter .

KEY WORDS

Team Equipo Basquet CanastaTo score Anotar una canasta Match PartidoShooting Tirar, lanzar Tie EmpateHoop Aro Whistle SilvatoCourt Pista The point guard. BaseIs worth Vale(valer) The shooting guard. EscoltaFree throw Tiro libre The small forward. Alero pequeñoAim of the game Objetivo del juego The power forward. Alero Alto o fuerteTo atempt Intentar The center Pivot

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2. RULES.

Fouls and Violations

FOULS

Personal fouls: Personal fouls include any type of illegal physical contact. Hitting Pushing Holding Illegal screen

VIOLATIONS

Walking/Traveling. Taking more than two steps without dribbling the ball is named as traveling.

Double Dribble. Dribbling the ball with both hands on the ball at the same time or stopping the dribble and then dribbling again is a double dribble.

Backcourt violation. Once the offense has brought the ball across the mid-court line, they cannot go back across the line with the ball. If they do, the ball is given to the other team.

Time regulations: 24 seconds to attempt a basket. 8 seconds to advance the ball into attacking zone. 5 seconds to dribble, shoot or pass the ball. 3 seconds to leave the key

KEY WORDS

Foul Falta Dribble BoteHitting Golpear Back-court violation Campo atrásPushing Empujar Brought Traído(To bring)Holding Sujetar Mid-court Media pistaIllegal screen Pantalla illegal Key ZonaTravelling Cámino Tie Empate

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3. BASQUETBALL SKILLS (Tomado de http://www.basketball-plays-and-tips.com) .

A. DRIBLING

Reasons to dribble:

1) Advance the ball up the court.

2) Penetrate to the hoop.

3) Find good passing lanes.

4) Get out of trouble.

Some basic ball handling guidelines:

1) Dribble with a purpose

2) Keep your head up

3) Use the hand farthest from the defender to dribble with.

4) Don't pick the dribble up unless you have a pass or shot available.

5) Don't dribble into trouble (between 2 defenders or into the corners).

Basketball Dribbling Fundamentals

1) Basic Technique

The dribble is a push-pull movement of the arm.  Your fingers must form a cup to adapt to the ball. Fingers and wrist must be relaxed. Control the ball with your fingers, not the palms. Raise your non-dribbling hand up for protection.

Watch on youtube: http://youtu.be/gm_I_EKTZvc

KEY WORDS

Hoop Aro Corner EsquinaGet out Salir Fundamentals FundamentosPurpose Objetivo Cup CopaFarthest El más lejano Raise Levantar

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1. Control, or Low Dribble

Use this when you're closely guarded. Keep your body between the ball and the defender.

Dribble the ball at knee level or lower and slightly away from your body so it's harder for the defender to hit it.

Advance the ball with a step and slide movement.

Keep your free hand up to protect the ball while keeping you dribbling arm close to your body.

You have to u keep you head up and eyes off the ball.

Watch on youtube: http://youtu.be/ZNM8e4qReno

2. Speed, or High Dribble

Use this type of basketball dribbling when you need to advance the ball quickly. Keep your body nearly erect, leaning forward slightly.

Extend your dribbling arm fully, pushing the ball out in front of your body.

Keep the ball near waist level or higher to help maintain maximum speed.

KEY WORDS

Closely guarded Defendido de cerca Leaning InclinandoSlide Deslizante Slightly LigeramenteNearly Casi

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3. Crossover Dribble

This technique is good to use when you're being closely guarded. It helps you change direction quickly.

When your foot on the dribbling side contacts the floor, push hard toward your opposite foot and bounce the ball across your body with a quick flexion of your wrist and fingers. The lower you bounce the ball, the quicker you do your crossover dribble.

Take a step back with the foot on the receiving side as your receiving hand gets the ball. Quickness is extremely important with this basketball dribbling fundamental.

Watch on youtube: http://youtu.be/6oa1UgVc_4UKEY WORDSCrossover dribble

Cambio de mano en bote

Quickness RapidezClosely guarded Defendido de cerca

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4. Spin, or Reverse Dribble

Another change of direction technique. Advantage: You keep your body between the defender and the ball. Disadvantage: You lose sight for a moment of your teammates and the basket.

If you're dribbling right and need to go left - stop, plant your left foot and pivot on it as you spin in the opposite direction with your back to the defender.

Keep the ball close to your body as you spin and switch it to your left hand.

As you complete the turn, dribble with your left hand and keep your head up to see the floor.

Watch on youtube: http://youtu.be/Dv-R51ahfBs

KEY WORDS

Spin Giro Teammates Compañeros de equipo

Reverse Reverso switch CambiarSight Mirada

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5. Behind-the-Back

Another way to change direction and you'll always maintain visual contact with game action with this basketball dribbling fundamental.

If you're dribbling with your right hand, slide your hand to the outside of the ball as you put your weight on your right foot.

Flick the ball behind your back above the back of your knee and across the back of your thigh as you move your left foot forward.

Catch the ball with your left hand and continue dribbling. Make sure to get your left leg forward so the ball has room to come under your left hand for a smooth transition.

Watch on youtube: http://youtu.be/6L1Y7YHK_8A

KEY WORDS

Outside Fuera As MientrasSlide Desliza Smooth Suave

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6. Between-the-Legs Dribble

This works well when you're being hard defended.

If you're dribbling with your right hand, keep the ball low and switch it to your left hand.

Bounce the ball through your legs with a quick hit of your wrist, fingers and lower arm.

Watch on youtube: http://youtu.be/15_rYLFucro

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B.SHOOTING

Lay up shot

a. Technique:

Jump as high as possible when executing this shot. The first step must be long and the last one, short.

The last step should be the opposite to the shooting hand

The non-shooting hand under the ball, and shooting hand on top of the ball.

You have to carry the ball with two hands until the last moment.

Lift the shooting knee and release the ball in the highest point.

Try to aim to the backboard square.

b. Common mistakes:

Losing Control on the Shot: This usually occurs if players take the non-shooting hand off the ball too soon. Concentrate on keeping the non-shooting hand on the ball until the release.

Using a Long Jump: This usually occurs when you take a long step before jumping, propelling players forward instead of up. Make sure the last step is short.

The last step is given with the same foot to the shooting hand. You must start the first step with the same foot to shooting hand and end with the opposite.

Watch in youtube: http://youtu.be/rV-4Jk2oOYEKEY WORDS

Lay up shot Tiro en bandeja Loosing Perdiendo

To release Liberar Take off QuitarBlackboard square Cuadrado del tablero Propelling PropulsarCarry LLevar

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Set Shot

A. Technique: When players are performing the one-hand set shot it is vital they keep their

eyes on the target. with feet shoulder width apart, and knees slightly bent. The non-shooting hand should be under the ball and the shooting hand at the

back of the ball, with the elbow tucked in. The ball should be held between the ear and shoulder. The next phase would be to extend the legs, back, shoulders, and elbow, Then, flex the wrist, and fingers forwards and release the ball at the highest

point. After release fingers should be pointed at the target, with the palm facing

down.

B. Common mistakes: Shot Falls Short: This usually occurs because you haven´t extended your leg

completely. However it could also be produced to a lack of rhythm in the shot.

Shot Goes Long: The main reason for this is that you have extended your arm less than the 45 degree angle required.

Shot Goes Wide: Sometimes this happen because we are starting with the ball to far to our shooting side.

Watch on youtube: http://youtu.be/IxaGSW7Yn4Q KEY WORDS

Set shot Lanzamiento desde parado

held sostenidotarget Objetivo highest Punto más altoTucked in Metidos hacia dentro lack Ausencia, falta

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Jump shot a. Technique:

The two main differences are that the ball should be held higher, above the players line of vision to the basket. This means having the shooting forearm at a 90 degree angle to the floor.

The other difference is that players release the ball after jumping into the air, , extending everything from their ankles up to their shoulders.

C. Common mistakes: Long Shooting: This happen when a player lowers the ball too far from its high

starting position. Concentrate on keeping the ball high and using the legs for power and rhythm.

Moving in the Air: When players are jumping it is important they land in the same place they took off. Concentrate on jumping up and landing on the same place.

Watch on youtube: http://youtu.be/prUyWk7awr8KEY WORDS

Jump shot Lanzamiento en salto To land AterrizarTo Mean Significar To took off DespegarTo lower BajarTRANSLATE INTO SPANISH

Hook shot

a. Technique:

Players start with their back to the basket, with feet shoulder width apart and knees slightly bent.

You have to be able to see the rim over your non-shooting shoulder.

The hand position changes for this shot. the shooting hand should be under the ball and the non-shooting hand behind the ball.

Step away from the defender using the opposite foot, and hold the ball back and protect it with the head and shoulders.

Then we must pivot towards the basket, lift their knee on the shooting side and jump the pivot foot.

Extend the elbow to shoot, and remember to flex the wrist and fingers and release the ball.

b. Common mistakes:

Losing Control on the Shot: This usually occurs if players take the non-shooting hand off the ball too soon. Concentrate on keeping the non-shooting hand on the ball until the release.

Shot is Short or Long: The main cause of this is a shortened elbow extension. Concentrate on extended the arm fully on each shot.

Watch on youtube: http://youtu.be/kWu_2aa940oKEY WORDS

Hook shot Lanzamiento en gancho

To pivot Girar sobre un pieRim Aro shortened AcortadoTo step Dar un paso Fully CompletamenteTRANSLATE INTO SPANISH

C. PASSING

1. The Chest Pass

This is the simplest, and most used pass in basketball, probably because it is often the most accurate and quick pass.

a. Technique:

The first thing players need to do when they receive the ball is place their hands each side and behind the ball, with their fingers comfortably spread.

The ball should be held in front of the chest with the elbows tucked in.

Maintaining a balanced position with feet shoulder width apart is also important when trying to control the pass.

The next step is to locate the target.

The next phase is executing the chest pass, here players need to step in the direction of the pass.

The wrist and fingers should then be forced through the ball to create more power, and help the ball to the target.

Make sure the ball is released off the first and second fingers of both hands, and follow through to finish up with the arms fully extended, fingers pointing at the target and palms facing the floor.

b. Common mistakes:

Pass misses the target: This often occurs when the dominant hand pushes more than the weak hand.

Pass falls short: This usually occurs when players don't create maximum force by stepping into the shot and extending the legs, back, and arms.

Watch on youtube: http://youtu.be/F56XdIDaTVE

KEY WORDS

The chest pass El pase de pecho To spread ExpandirAccurate Preciso To locate ColocarOften A menudo To follow SeguirQuick Rápido To miss FallarTo place Colocar Weak DébilTRANSLATE INTO SPANISH

2. The Bounce Pass

a. Technique:

This is most often used when the player in possession has a defender trying to block their pass, and is standing between them and their target.

The technique is the same as the chest pass. The ball should be held at waist height, with the elbows tucked in.

The next phase is executing the bounce pass.. It is usually advised that when performing the bounce pass players aim to bounce the ball about two/thirds of the way to the target. Then follow through to finish with the arms fully extended, fingers pointing at the target and palms facing the floor.

b. Common mistakes:

Pass is too high and slow: This error usually occurs if the ball is held too high or the bounce is too far from the receiver. Concentrate on holding the ball at waist height, and aiming the ball closer to the target.

Watch on youtube: http://youtu.be/2u-wyZCDQNYKEY WORDS

The chest pass El pase de pecho To spread ExpandirAccurate Preciso To locate ColocarOften A menudo To follow SeguirQuick Rápido To miss FallarTo place Colocar Weak Débil

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3. Overhead Pass

a. Technique:

This is most often used when players have a defender closely defending them, or as a long distance pass. The reason an overhead pass is used in these situations is because it allows players to pass the ball over the top of defenders.

The ball should be held above the forehead, with the elbows flexed at about a right angle and tucked in.

The next stage is to locate the target

The next phase is executing the overhead pass, here players need to step in the direction of the pass, through extending the legs, back, and arms, this will create the majority of the power needed. The wrist and fingers should then be flexed to release the ball off the first and second fingers of both hands. Then follow through to finish with the arms fully extended, fingers pointing at the target and palms facing the floor.

b. Common mistakes:

Pass lacks power: This error usually occurs if the ball is held behind the head, and players do not extend their legs, back, and arms enough.

Pass lacks accuracy: This often occurs if the strong hand is too dominant, or players do not point their fingers at the target on release.

Ball gets stolen: This usually occurs when the ball is held behind the head, an opposing player can steal the ball from the hands. Concentrate on holding the ball above the forehead.

KEY WORDSThe overhead pass

El pase por encima de la cabeza

lack AusenciaTo allow Permitir acucuracy PrecisiónTucked in Metido hacia dentro stolen Robado

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4. Baseball Pass

a. Technique:

This is most often used when passing over a long distance.

Start in a balanced position with feet shoulder width apart. Place the passing hand behind the ball and the non-passing hand in front of it. The ball should be held up to the ear and the weight should be kept on the back foot.

The next stage is to locate the target.

The next phase is executing the baseball pass, here a player needs to step in the direction of the pass, through extending the legs, back, and arms, this will create the majority of the power needed. The wrist and fingers should then be flexed to release the ball. Keep both hands on the ball until the release. Then follow through to finish up with the arms fully extended, fingers pointing at the target and palms facing down.

b. Common mistakes:

Pass lacks accuracy: This often occurs if the passing hand is placed to the side of the ball instead of behind it, or players do not point their fingers at the target on release.

Watch on youtube: http://youtu.be/9qCJCCSmjUkKEY WORDSThe baseball pass El pase de beisbol Weight PesoBalanced Equilibrado

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