application of satellite rainfall monitoring in flood management...
TRANSCRIPT
Application of Satellite Rainfall Monitoring
in Flood Management of Indus River
Takahiro Konami
Hydrological Systems and Water Scarcity Section
International Hydrological Programme (IHP)
UNESCO
Monitoring the global water
cycle and climate change -- its
application to the society
4 December 2015
COP21 Japan Pavilion
Water Security: key challenges of the 21st century [Key Facts]
*Inventoried by UNESCO-IHP
6-8 million human beings are killed each
year from water‐related disasters and
diseases.
750 million people lack access to safe water and
2.5 billion to adequate sanitation.
85% of the human population live in
arid areas. By 2030, half of the population will be living in areas of
high water stress.
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Water Security: key challenges of the 21st century [Key Facts]
*Inventoried by UNESCO-IHP
Almost 85% of
the world’s total
wastewater is
discharged
without
adequate or any
treatment.
145 nations have
transboundary
river basins and
there are 445
transboundary
aquifers shared by
2-4 countries
In just thirty years,
populations of
freshwater species
declined by 50%
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General Description of IHP
Education Sector Sciences Sectors Culture Sector
• International Hydrological Programme (IHP); • Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission
(IOC); • Man and the Biosphere Programme (MAB); • International Geosciences Programme (IGCP); • International Basic Sciences Programme (IBSP).
Social and Human Sciences
Natural Sciences
International Hydrological Programme
is
-UNESCO’s Intergovernmental Scientific
Cooperative Programme in Hydrology and
Water Resources
-The only intergovernmental programme of the
UN system devoted to water research, water
resources management, and education and
capacity building
-Established in 1975, now that prepared the
eighth phase of IHP (IHP-VIII) for 2014 - 2021 4
IHP-VIII : 6 Themes, 3 Axes 2014-2021
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COP21 Paris, France,
December, 2015
3rd World DRR conference
Sendai
March
7th World Water Forum Korea
April
Conference “Our Commun Future”
Paris
July Sustainable Development
goals
September
IHP VIII Programmes and
Initiatives
2015: SDG, COP-21, Water Forum, DRR
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UNESCO IHP Network
Water-related Institutes and Centres(18)
Water-related Chairs(29)
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Pakistan Flood Project
"Strategic Strengthening of Flood Warning
and Management Capacity of Pakistan"
(Funded by the Government of Japan)
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Executive summary of the 2010 floods in Pakistan
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Flood affected area : 78/121 districts(64%)
Population affected : 20 million (1/9 of population)
Deaths : 2000 approx.
Injured : 3000 approx.
Houses damaged : 1.6 million
Area affected : 100,000 km2
Economic losses : US$10.0 billion (Direct 6.5billion, Indirect3.6billion)
Reconstruction cost : US$8.74-10.85billion
Worst Floods in about 100 years
1) UNESCO DG sent a team of flood
management experts to Pakistan
on 22nd August 2010.
2)Based on the mission to Pakistan, UNESCO prepared
response project with the Pakistani authorities to reinforce
the country’s capacity in:
• integrated flood and watershed management
• groundwater resources for emergency situations
• landslides and ground instability especially for relocation of affected
population.
3)UNESCO operates two projects* in Pakistan with total
funding of USD 7.7 Million funded by the Government of
Japan. *Phase I from August 2011 and Phase II from March 2015
UNESCO Post 2010 Floods Actions in Pakistan
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Pakistan Flood Project Strategic Strengthening of Flood Warning and Management Capacity of Pakistan
AFGANISTAN
INDIA
CHINA
TAJIKISTAN
TURKMENISTAN
IRAN
Sindh
Balochistan
FATA
Azad Kashmir
Lahore
Amritsar
Peshawar
Punjab
Jammu and Kashmir
Srinagar
Himachal Pradesh
Uttarakhand
Islamabad
Punjab
Karachi Hyderabad
Haryana
Shimla
Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Gilgit–Baltistan
Kabul
[Features of INDUS] Catchment Area: 1,140,000km2
Length of mainstream: 2,800km *Source: ADB report(2013)
UZBEKISTAN
Major OUTCOMEs of the Phase 1
* Project cost : $3.7mil
Project term: Aug 2011-Sep 2014
Practical model for flood forecast in upper Indus and Kabul river basin was established utilizing GSMaP and IFAS
Flood and Inundation simulation in lower Indus basin was developed with IFAS and RRI.
GOALs of the Phase 2 - Establishment of the technical foundation for
sustainable capacity development on the flood management, forecasting, early warning and flood hazard analysis in Pakistan agencies * Including an extension of the Phase-1 system to
the Eastern Rivers of Indus [dotted red line]
- Technical studies to promote strengthening of cooperation with Indus river basin countries for transboundary flood management and transboundary data sharing
- Capacity building and education to community on flood management for proper utilization of flood hazard information and tools
* Project cost : $4.1mil
Project term : Apr 2015-Sep 2017
Utilizing Satellite Based Technologies
PAKISTAN
Integrated Flood Analysis System
Rainfall-Runoff- Inundation Model RRI
[Resent major floods] 2010: 2,000 died, >20mil affected 2011: 509 died, 5.4mil affected 2012: 480 died, 5mil affected 2013: 234 died, 1.5mil affected 2014: 367 died, 2.5mil affected *Source: Phase 1 final report (2010)
and EM-DAT(2011-14)
0km 100 200 300 400 500
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Implementation Framework of Pakistan Flood Project (Phase 1)
ICHARM International Centre for
Water Hazard and Risk
Management under the auspices of UNESCO
PMD Development of
Flood Forecasting System Component: A1
SUPARCO Flood Risk Hazard Mapping
FFC Coordination for flood management
at provincial level
Indus River Commission Transboundary Data sharing
NDMA (Including NIDM) National Policy and
Flood Management at National,
Province, District level
Experts
UNESCO Network
JAXA
Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency
Pakistan Authorities
International Partners
PCRWR Soils and Hydrological data
UNESCO
Project Implementation
• GSMaP Local Calibration
*Satellite based rainfall
• Flood forecasting and early
warning system
• Hazard mapping
UNESCO Water Center
UNESCO International Network
Data support
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Flow/water level
Ground rainfall and Satellite-
based rainfall
Run-off analysis River discharge, Water level,
Rainfall distribution
Courtesy of JAXA
Global Geological data for
modeling Elevation data, Land
use data, etc.
Aquifer model
River course
model
Surfacemodel
input
GSMaP_NRT
GSMaP_MVK+
3B42RT(V6)
3B42RT(V5)
QMORPH
CMORPH
Integrated Flood Analysis System
Reduce/Prevent
flood damage Promoting safe
evacuation
Flood
forecasting/warning
Calculation
Integrated Flood Analysis System (IFAS)
Flood forecasting system using satellite data
Model creation
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Utilization of GSMaP
http://sharaku.eorc.jaxa.jp/GSMaP/
Customization of GSMaP
Ground observatory data (Thiessen method)
GSMaP_NRT (Near Real-Time)
Corrected GSMaP with ground data (GSMaP_IF2)
2015/6/1-9/30 July August 2015/8/2
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Project Component of Phase 1
RRI RESULTS 2014 at Guddu
Project Component of Phase 1
On FFD WEBSITE:
http://www.pmd.gov.pk/FFD/index_files/ifashyd.htm
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Enable show
BHUs, Settlements, Roads,
Schools, Agriculture and
Bridges with layers
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Project Component of Phase 1
"Post audit of flood forecasting models and charting of future collaborations" GrandKemang Hotel, Jakarta, Indonesia 20-21 November 2015
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UNESCO 70th Anniversary
Presentation from Flood Forecasting
Division, PMD
Indus-IFAS simulation
results for 2015 flood,
ICHARM
2days workshop for post-audit of 2015 flood
simulation performance, visibility strategy and
political engagement process with ICHARM,
JAXA, PMD, PCRWR and Pakistani universities
(NUST, UET-Lahore, University of Peshawar).
Phase 2: Partners meeting in Jakarta
Other IHP Networks
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Develops capacity building to better understand and respond to floods hazards while taking advantage of their benefits
Focus on research, information networking, education and training to empower communities
International Flood Initiative (IFI)
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Platform of global networking and knowledge sharing between
international entities:
• Surveys drought management;
• collects information;
• helps affected countries;
• develops capacity building;
• strengthens public participation and,
• promotes regional and international
cooperation on drought issues.
International Drought Initiative (IDI)
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Case Studies : Africa and LAC Droughts Monitors
Strengthen the capacity of African and LAC countries for near real-time monitoring and seasonal forecasting; to raise awareness of the impact of drought on vulnerable and disadvantaged groups.
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Global Network on Water and Development Information for Arid Lands: G-WADI
Improved understanding of the characteristics of hydrological systems and water management needs in arid areas
Capacity building of individuals and institutions
Broad dissemination of information to the user community and the public
Exchange of experience
Promoting integrated basin management and the development and use of appropriate decision support tools
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G-WADI Website: http://www.gwadi.org/
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FRIEND: Flow Regimes from International Experimental and
Network Data - Water
A network of scientists and water managers:
Regional water resources
Water-related disasters
Global change; water cycle
Water education and capacity building
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Snow and Ice Networks
High Level Panel session: Climate Change Impacts on Water
Resources and Adaptation policies in Mountainous regions
13-November 2013, 37th General Conference
Regional Workshop: Assessment of Snow-Glacier and Water Resources in Asia
28-30 November 2006, Almaty, Kazakhstan
Working Group on Snow, Ice
and Glaciers (GTNH)-LAC
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Exhibition: “Mountains: early warning systems for climate change”
(4 November-20 December at UNESCO HQ)
March 2009 by JAXA (ALOS) January 1976 by USGS
©USGS ©JAXA
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