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Antitrombotisk behandling ved ustabil koronarsykdom Bjørn Bendz Kardiologisk avdeling OUS, Rikshospitalet

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Page 1: Antitrombotisk behandling ved ustabil koronarsykdom 2019 St Olav Antitrombotisk...Use of dual therapy was associated with significantly lower rates of bleeding and overall mortality

Antitrombotisk behandling ved ustabil koronarsykdom

Bjørn Bendz

Kardiologisk avdeling

OUS, Rikshospitalet

Page 3: Antitrombotisk behandling ved ustabil koronarsykdom 2019 St Olav Antitrombotisk...Use of dual therapy was associated with significantly lower rates of bleeding and overall mortality

Konklusjon

Page 4: Antitrombotisk behandling ved ustabil koronarsykdom 2019 St Olav Antitrombotisk...Use of dual therapy was associated with significantly lower rates of bleeding and overall mortality
Page 5: Antitrombotisk behandling ved ustabil koronarsykdom 2019 St Olav Antitrombotisk...Use of dual therapy was associated with significantly lower rates of bleeding and overall mortality
Page 7: Antitrombotisk behandling ved ustabil koronarsykdom 2019 St Olav Antitrombotisk...Use of dual therapy was associated with significantly lower rates of bleeding and overall mortality

0%

20%

80%

100%

PCI ved stabil AP vs STEMI/NSTEMI/UAP

1996 2008

Page 8: Antitrombotisk behandling ved ustabil koronarsykdom 2019 St Olav Antitrombotisk...Use of dual therapy was associated with significantly lower rates of bleeding and overall mortality

Kollagen

Tissue Factor

Trombin

Plate aktivering

Protrombin

ADP/P2Y12

TXA2

Ytre koag.

system

TROMBE

Fibrinogen Fibrin

Plate aggregering

GPIIbIIIa

FXa

Plavix®

Efient®

Brilique® Kengrexal®

ReoPro®

Aggrastat®

Integrilin®

Albyl-E®

Arixtra®

Heparin

Klexane®

Fragmin®

Metalyse®

Actilyse®

Angiox®

Pradaxa®

AT

AT

AT

Marevan®

Vit-K

FII,VII,IX,X Xarelto®

Eliquis®

Lixiana®

Persantin®

Page 9: Antitrombotisk behandling ved ustabil koronarsykdom 2019 St Olav Antitrombotisk...Use of dual therapy was associated with significantly lower rates of bleeding and overall mortality

ACS og acetylsalisylsyre (ASA)

Anti-thrombotic Trialists Colllaboration, BMJ 2002;324:71-86

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

ASA Kontroll

%

Pooled data: 287 studier, > 135 000 pasienter

Død, reinfarkt og slag

Page 10: Antitrombotisk behandling ved ustabil koronarsykdom 2019 St Olav Antitrombotisk...Use of dual therapy was associated with significantly lower rates of bleeding and overall mortality

Valgimigli et al, Eur Heart J 2017. doi: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehx419.

Page 11: Antitrombotisk behandling ved ustabil koronarsykdom 2019 St Olav Antitrombotisk...Use of dual therapy was associated with significantly lower rates of bleeding and overall mortality

ASA

Klopidogrel + ASA

ACS og ADP-reseptor hemmere

CURE trial, N Engl J Med 2001;345:494–502

(1% mer blødning)

Page 12: Antitrombotisk behandling ved ustabil koronarsykdom 2019 St Olav Antitrombotisk...Use of dual therapy was associated with significantly lower rates of bleeding and overall mortality

Prasugrel vs klopidogrel ved ACS

TRITON-TIMI 38, N Engl J Med 2007;357:2001-15 & Lancet 2009;373:723-31

Prasugrel 60mg, deretter 10mg, N=6813

Clopidogrel 300mg, deretter 75mg, N=6795

5

10

15

0 0 30 60 90 180 270 360 450

Dager

En

de

pu

nk

ter

(%)

120

1.8%

2.4% Store blødninger

Død, infarkt, slag

P=0.03

P<0.001

12.1%

9.9 %

Prasugrel

Clopidogrel

Prasugrel: PCI-pasienter <75år / >60 kg, diabetes, stenttrombose, STEMI

Page 13: Antitrombotisk behandling ved ustabil koronarsykdom 2019 St Olav Antitrombotisk...Use of dual therapy was associated with significantly lower rates of bleeding and overall mortality

Prasugrel vs klopidogrel (STEMI)

TRITON-TIMI 38 STEMI-substudie, Lancet 2009;373:723-31

Likt mtp blødninger

N=3534

30d 450 d

10.0%

12.4%

Page 14: Antitrombotisk behandling ved ustabil koronarsykdom 2019 St Olav Antitrombotisk...Use of dual therapy was associated with significantly lower rates of bleeding and overall mortality

PLATO study, N Engl J Med 2009;361:1045-57

d,

infa

rkt,

sla

g P<0.001

9.8%

11.7%

Mortalitet: Ticagrelor 4.5% og clopidogrel 5.9% (p<0.001) Blødning: Ticagrelor 11.6% (Flere intrakranielle!) og clopidogrel 11.2% (ns)

180mg, deretter 90mg x 2, N=9333

300-600mg, deretter 75mg, N=9186

*38, 43, 17% 2% (andre)

Tikagrelor vs klopidogrel ved ACS

Page 15: Antitrombotisk behandling ved ustabil koronarsykdom 2019 St Olav Antitrombotisk...Use of dual therapy was associated with significantly lower rates of bleeding and overall mortality

PLATO study, Circulation 2010;122:2131-41

HR 0.87

p=0.07

Tikagrelor vs klopidogrel (STEMI)

Likt mtp blødninger

Page 16: Antitrombotisk behandling ved ustabil koronarsykdom 2019 St Olav Antitrombotisk...Use of dual therapy was associated with significantly lower rates of bleeding and overall mortality

Tikagrelor vs prasugrel ACS

ISAR REACT 5, N Engl J Med 2019, DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa1908973

Alder: ~64år, kvinner 24% UAP 13%, NSTEMI 46%, STEMI 41% PCI 84%, ACB 2%, *>75år/<60kg

180mg før PCI, deretter 90mg x 2

60mg etter angio, deretter (5*)10mg x 1

Død 4.5% vs 3.7% Infarkt 4.8% vs 3.0% Slag 1.1% vs 1.0% Stentrombose 1.1% vs 0.6% Alvorlig blødning 5.4% vs 4.8%

Page 17: Antitrombotisk behandling ved ustabil koronarsykdom 2019 St Olav Antitrombotisk...Use of dual therapy was associated with significantly lower rates of bleeding and overall mortality

Genotype*-styrt strategi for

P2Y12 -hemmere ved STEMI (primær PCI)

N Engl J Med 2019, DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa1907096

Tikagrelor/Prasugrel

Klopidogrel

Tikagrelor/Prasugrel

Klopidogrel

* CYP2C19*2 & CYP2C19*3

Page 18: Antitrombotisk behandling ved ustabil koronarsykdom 2019 St Olav Antitrombotisk...Use of dual therapy was associated with significantly lower rates of bleeding and overall mortality

ESC NSTE-ACS Guidelines 2015

P2Y12 -hemmere

Page 19: Antitrombotisk behandling ved ustabil koronarsykdom 2019 St Olav Antitrombotisk...Use of dual therapy was associated with significantly lower rates of bleeding and overall mortality

ACS og GPIIb/IIIa hemmere

0

2,5

5

7,5

10

12,5

15

GPIIb/IIIa Kontroll

Død og infarkt etter 30d

Metaanalyse av GPIIb/IIIa studier ved ACS. Boersma et al, Lancet 2002;359:189-98

Mest effekt hos høy-risiko pasienter (Troponin pos + PCI). Ikke effekt ved Troponin neg. Brukes nå mest som bail-out i angio-lab

Page 20: Antitrombotisk behandling ved ustabil koronarsykdom 2019 St Olav Antitrombotisk...Use of dual therapy was associated with significantly lower rates of bleeding and overall mortality

Clopidogrel *

Placebo

MI, Stroke,

Death

MONTHS FROM RANDOMIZATION 0 3 6 9 12

8.5%

11.5%

ACS + ladningsdose klopidogrel ± GPIIb/IIIa

CREDO trial, JAMA 2002;288:2411–20

* Lik risk ratio med (n=826) eller uten (n=1289) GPIIb/IIIa

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Page 22: Antitrombotisk behandling ved ustabil koronarsykdom 2019 St Olav Antitrombotisk...Use of dual therapy was associated with significantly lower rates of bleeding and overall mortality

PCI og ladningsdose klopidogrel vs kangrelor

CHAMPION-PHOENIX trial, NEJM 2013;368:1303-13

Død,

infa

rkt,

revask, ste

ntt

rom

bose

Page 23: Antitrombotisk behandling ved ustabil koronarsykdom 2019 St Olav Antitrombotisk...Use of dual therapy was associated with significantly lower rates of bleeding and overall mortality

NSTEMI/UAP + Heparin*

Semin Thromb Hemost 1999;25:113-21

* Ingen RCTs ved STEMI

Page 24: Antitrombotisk behandling ved ustabil koronarsykdom 2019 St Olav Antitrombotisk...Use of dual therapy was associated with significantly lower rates of bleeding and overall mortality

Anbefales ved: Blødningsfare, HIT og konservativ behandling

NSTEMI/UAP + Fondaparinuks

OASIS 5 trial, NEJM 2006;354:1464-76

Blødninger årsaken til forskjell i kliniske endepunkter

1 mg/kg x 2 2.5 mg x 1

Page 25: Antitrombotisk behandling ved ustabil koronarsykdom 2019 St Olav Antitrombotisk...Use of dual therapy was associated with significantly lower rates of bleeding and overall mortality

NSTEMI/UAP + Rivaroksaban

ATLAS ACS 2-TIMI 51, Mega et al, NEJM 2012;366:9-19

ns

p<0,05

Page 26: Antitrombotisk behandling ved ustabil koronarsykdom 2019 St Olav Antitrombotisk...Use of dual therapy was associated with significantly lower rates of bleeding and overall mortality

Stabil AP + Rivaroksaban / ASA

COMPASS trial, NEJM 2017; 377:1319-30

100 mg x 1

5 mg x 2

2.5 mg x 2 + 100mg x 1

Major & minor blødning: ASA<Rivaroxaban<Rivaroxaban/ASA

Page 27: Antitrombotisk behandling ved ustabil koronarsykdom 2019 St Olav Antitrombotisk...Use of dual therapy was associated with significantly lower rates of bleeding and overall mortality

Bivalirudin vs Heparin ved ACS

Erlinge et al, NEJM 2017; 377:1132-1142

ns ns

ns ns

Page 28: Antitrombotisk behandling ved ustabil koronarsykdom 2019 St Olav Antitrombotisk...Use of dual therapy was associated with significantly lower rates of bleeding and overall mortality

?

• NOAK / DOAK / TSOAK • DAPT • DOAK ± DAPT • PCI • ACS • Behov for antikoagulasjon • Anti-koagulasjon eller -plate • DES / BMS / BRS / DCB • LAAO • Varighet av behandling • Hva gjør man etter 12mnd

Page 29: Antitrombotisk behandling ved ustabil koronarsykdom 2019 St Olav Antitrombotisk...Use of dual therapy was associated with significantly lower rates of bleeding and overall mortality

Europace 2010;12:1360-1420

Behandling av atrieflimmer

DOAK ≥VKA

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Valgimigli et al, Eur Heart J 2017. doi: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehx419.

Page 31: Antitrombotisk behandling ved ustabil koronarsykdom 2019 St Olav Antitrombotisk...Use of dual therapy was associated with significantly lower rates of bleeding and overall mortality

?

Valgimigli et al, Eur Heart J 2017. doi: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehx419.

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Page 34: Antitrombotisk behandling ved ustabil koronarsykdom 2019 St Olav Antitrombotisk...Use of dual therapy was associated with significantly lower rates of bleeding and overall mortality

Antitrombotisk behandling etter PCI

Death

, re

vascula

rization o

f th

e t

arg

et

lesio

n,

angio

gra

phic

ally e

vid

ent

thro

mbosis

,

or

myocard

ial in

farc

tion w

ithin

30 d

ay

Stent Anticoagulation Restenosis Study, Leon et al, NEJM 1998; 339:1665-1671

Page 35: Antitrombotisk behandling ved ustabil koronarsykdom 2019 St Olav Antitrombotisk...Use of dual therapy was associated with significantly lower rates of bleeding and overall mortality

WARIS II Hurlen et al, NEJM 2002;347:969-74

160 mg

INR 2.0-2.5 ASA 75 mg

INR 2.8-4.2

Non-fatale blødninger: ASA<Warfarin<Warfarin/ASA

Death

, re

infa

rction,

str

oke

Warfarin mindre effekt >75år, DM, tidligere infarkt og etter PCI

Antitrombotisk behandling etter STEMI

Page 36: Antitrombotisk behandling ved ustabil koronarsykdom 2019 St Olav Antitrombotisk...Use of dual therapy was associated with significantly lower rates of bleeding and overall mortality

Meta-analyse av ISAR, STARS, FANTASTIC, MATTIS, Rubboli, Cardiology 2005; 104:101-6

Antitrombotisk behandling etter PCI

Page 37: Antitrombotisk behandling ved ustabil koronarsykdom 2019 St Olav Antitrombotisk...Use of dual therapy was associated with significantly lower rates of bleeding and overall mortality

? • Dobbel platehemming > 12 mnd?

Page 38: Antitrombotisk behandling ved ustabil koronarsykdom 2019 St Olav Antitrombotisk...Use of dual therapy was associated with significantly lower rates of bleeding and overall mortality

N Engl J Med 2014;371:2155-2166

Pasienter med DES og deretter DAPT i 12mnd ble randomisert til 18mnd til med DAPT eller ASA.

Page 39: Antitrombotisk behandling ved ustabil koronarsykdom 2019 St Olav Antitrombotisk...Use of dual therapy was associated with significantly lower rates of bleeding and overall mortality

N Engl J Med 2015;372:1791-1800

Pasienter med infarkt (~80% fikk PCI) ca ett år i forveien ble randomisert til tikagrelor 90mg x 2, eller 60mg x 2, eller placebo i tillegg til ASA

Page 40: Antitrombotisk behandling ved ustabil koronarsykdom 2019 St Olav Antitrombotisk...Use of dual therapy was associated with significantly lower rates of bleeding and overall mortality

Meta-analyser av DAPT >12mnd

Udell JA et al, Eur Heart J 2016;37:390-99 & Bittl JA et al, JACC 2016;68:1116-39

Page 41: Antitrombotisk behandling ved ustabil koronarsykdom 2019 St Olav Antitrombotisk...Use of dual therapy was associated with significantly lower rates of bleeding and overall mortality

? • Dobbel platehemming < 12 mnd?

Page 42: Antitrombotisk behandling ved ustabil koronarsykdom 2019 St Olav Antitrombotisk...Use of dual therapy was associated with significantly lower rates of bleeding and overall mortality

Kortere bruk av DAPT etter PCI

• Reduce trial - DAPT ved ACS

• 3 12 mnd, men for lav power (Am Heart J 2016)

• DAPT STEMI trial – DAPT ved STEMI

• 6 12 mnd, men for lav power (BMJ 2018)

• SMARTE-DATE trial - DAPT ved ACS

• 12 mnd er bedre enn 6 mnd (Lancet 2018)

• Senior trial - 1 mnd ved AP / 6 mnd ved ACS

• «Ganske trygt» med Synergy stent (Lancet 2018)

• STOPDAPT 2 trial - 1 mnd vs 12 mnd (>60% AP)

• «Ganske trygt» med Xience stent og klopidogrel (JAMA 2019)

• ONYX ONE trial - 1 mnd vs 12 mnd (kompleks PCI)

• «Ganske trygt» med Onyx stent (TCT 2019)

Page 43: Antitrombotisk behandling ved ustabil koronarsykdom 2019 St Olav Antitrombotisk...Use of dual therapy was associated with significantly lower rates of bleeding and overall mortality

Valgimigli et al, Eur Heart J 2017. doi: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehx419.

Page 44: Antitrombotisk behandling ved ustabil koronarsykdom 2019 St Olav Antitrombotisk...Use of dual therapy was associated with significantly lower rates of bleeding and overall mortality

Cuisset T et al. Lancet 2017;390:810-820

Page 45: Antitrombotisk behandling ved ustabil koronarsykdom 2019 St Olav Antitrombotisk...Use of dual therapy was associated with significantly lower rates of bleeding and overall mortality

Oppsummering – DAPT varighet

• >30 DAPT studier og >20 DAPT meta-analyser

• Alle studier har forskjellige endepunkter, tidspunkt for randomisering, dosering og blødningskriterier

• De fleste studiene har for liten power for å undersøke effekt og er utført av industrien

• DAPT > 1 år reduserer risiko for stenttrombose, infarkt, (slag + død?), men gir økt blødningsrisiko

• Reduser DAPT-varighet ved blødningsproblematikk

• Blødninger oppstår de første ukene

• Nye og bedre stenter…

• Utfordring: Finne balansen – individuell behandling inntil vi har større og bedre studier (som ikke vil komme…..)

Page 46: Antitrombotisk behandling ved ustabil koronarsykdom 2019 St Olav Antitrombotisk...Use of dual therapy was associated with significantly lower rates of bleeding and overall mortality
Page 47: Antitrombotisk behandling ved ustabil koronarsykdom 2019 St Olav Antitrombotisk...Use of dual therapy was associated with significantly lower rates of bleeding and overall mortality

ASA + klopidogrel + warfarin

• ASA har vært basis i alle PCI-studier

• Seponering av både ASA og/eller klopidogrel gir økt risiko for stent-trombose • Seponering av warfarin ved AF øker risikoen for slag (x3)* • 6-10% alvorlig blødning per år ved trippelbehandling

• Radialis tilgang er tryggest mtp blødning

• Tredoblet blødningsfare ved INR>3.0 vs <3.0 etter PCI** • INR 2.3 (2.0-2.5) og ASA gir liten risiko***, spesielt ved korttidsbehandling (4

uker)

• Liten erfaring med ASA + tikagrelor/prasugrel + warfarin • Inntil nylig liten erfaring med dabigatran/rivaroksaban/apiksaban/edoksaban

(ved annet enn non-valvulær AF)

Karjalainen, Eur Heart J. 2007;28:726-32*, Popmal, Chest 2004; 126:576S-99S**, ASPECT-2, Lancet 2002; 360:109-13***, Holmes, JACC 2009; 54:95-109

Page 48: Antitrombotisk behandling ved ustabil koronarsykdom 2019 St Olav Antitrombotisk...Use of dual therapy was associated with significantly lower rates of bleeding and overall mortality

The Stigs cross-over studie: The Stig kjører en Volvo XC90 og en Troll rett i fjellveggen. Hvilken bil gir The Stig mest blødninger? Er det mulig å skrive manuskriptet uten å gjøre studien? (Volvo er ansvarlig for studien. The Stig er førsteforfatter og får honorar av Volvo. The Stig sitter i guidelineskomiteer)

Page 49: Antitrombotisk behandling ved ustabil koronarsykdom 2019 St Olav Antitrombotisk...Use of dual therapy was associated with significantly lower rates of bleeding and overall mortality

Trippelbehandling vs warfarin/klopidogrel

Safety outcomes with Warfarin + klopidogrel/ASA vs Warfarin + klopidogrel

* *

WOEST trial, Dewilde WJ et al, Lancet 2013;381:1107–1115

Use of dual therapy was associated with significantly lower rates of bleeding

and overall mortality vs triple therapy, with similar rates of thrombotic events

*

Safety outcomes Efficacy outcomes

VKA plus clopidogrel (dual

therapy) (n=279)

VKA plus clopidogrel plus ASA

(triple therapy) (n=284)

23% 14% 31%

Power

*p<0.05

Page 50: Antitrombotisk behandling ved ustabil koronarsykdom 2019 St Olav Antitrombotisk...Use of dual therapy was associated with significantly lower rates of bleeding and overall mortality

WOEST

• Liten studie med lav power • 25% radialis og 75% femoralis • TIMI blødninger drevet av “minimal/minor events” • Selvrapportering av blødninger • Ikke placebo • VKA + DAPT i 12 mnd har aldri vært anbefalt i Guidelines • DOAK eller tikagrelor/prasugrel ikke brukt

WOEST Trial, Dewilde et al, Lancet 2013; 381:1107-15

Page 51: Antitrombotisk behandling ved ustabil koronarsykdom 2019 St Olav Antitrombotisk...Use of dual therapy was associated with significantly lower rates of bleeding and overall mortality

1. Janssen Scientific Affairs, LLC. 2016. https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01830543 [accessed 10 Oct 2016];

2. Gibson CM et al, Am Heart J 2015;169:472–478e5; 3. Gibson CM et al, New Engl J Med 2016; doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1611594

Rivaroxaban 15 mg OD*# plus single antiplatelet‡

End of treatment

(12 months)

Rivaroxaban 2.5 mg BID#

plus DAPT§

VKA (INR 2.0–3.0)¶

plus DAPT§

Rivaroxaban 15 mg OD*

plus low-dose ASA

VKA plus low-dose ASA

N=2,124

1:1:1

Population:

patients with

paroxysmal,

persistent or

permanent

NVAF

undergoing

PCI (with stent

placement)

R 1 mo: 15%

6 mos: 35%

12 mos: 50%

1 mo: 16%

6 mos: 35%

12 mos: 49%

Decision

for DAPT

duration:

1, 6 or 12

months

DAPT duration

(1 or 6 months)

12 mos:

100%

Page 52: Antitrombotisk behandling ved ustabil koronarsykdom 2019 St Olav Antitrombotisk...Use of dual therapy was associated with significantly lower rates of bleeding and overall mortality

Gibson CM et al, New Engl J Med 2016; doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1611594

TIM

I m

ajo

r, T

IMI m

ino

r o

r b

lee

din

g

req

uir

ing

med

ical att

en

tio

n (

%)

Time (days)

Rivaroxaban 15 mg OD plus single antiplatelet vs VKA plus DAPT: HR=0.59; (95% CI 0.47–0.76); p<0.001

Rivaroxaban 2.5 mg BID plus DAPT vs VKA plus DAPT: HR=0.63 (95% CI 0.50–0.80); p<0.001

30

25

20

15

10

5

0

0 30 60 90 180 270 360

26.7%

18.0% 16.8%

Group 2 (Rivaroxaban

2.5 mg BID plus DAPT)

Group 1 (Rivaroxaban

15 mg OD plus single

antiplatelet)

Group 3 (VKA plus DAPT)

Page 53: Antitrombotisk behandling ved ustabil koronarsykdom 2019 St Olav Antitrombotisk...Use of dual therapy was associated with significantly lower rates of bleeding and overall mortality

PIONEER AF-PCI

• 2236 screenet – 2134 inkludert

– 431 sykehus

– 2 pasienter per sykehus per år

– 1-2% inkludert?

• Lav power: Viser sikkerhet – ikke effekt – Sample size behov ved superiority ~40 000

• Prasugrel/tikagrelor (~4-6%)

• Rivaroksaban 2,5mg x 2 eller 10-15mg x 1 ved AF?

• 75% menn

Page 54: Antitrombotisk behandling ved ustabil koronarsykdom 2019 St Olav Antitrombotisk...Use of dual therapy was associated with significantly lower rates of bleeding and overall mortality

RE-DUAL PCI Trial, NEJM 2017; 377: 1513-24

Page 55: Antitrombotisk behandling ved ustabil koronarsykdom 2019 St Olav Antitrombotisk...Use of dual therapy was associated with significantly lower rates of bleeding and overall mortality

RE-DUAL PCI Trial, NEJM 2017; 377: 1513-24

Men, flere trombotiske hendelser med dabigatran. For lav power til å vise bedre effekt…

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AUGUSTUS trial

4614 pasienter med AF + ACS/PCI

Apiksaban (2.5)5mg x 2 + P2Y12* + ASA/Placebo

vs

Warfarin (INR 2-3) + P2Y12 + ASA/Placebo

492 sykehus (i perioden 2015-2018)

Primært endepunkt: Blødning (non-major), se figur

Sekundært endepunkt: Død, innleggelse, ischemi

(Konkl: Flere trombotiske hendelser uten ASA)

AUGUSTUS trial, NEJM 2019; 380: 1509-24

*klopidogrel (~93%)

Page 58: Antitrombotisk behandling ved ustabil koronarsykdom 2019 St Olav Antitrombotisk...Use of dual therapy was associated with significantly lower rates of bleeding and overall mortality

Studie forslag på studier vi neppe får se…

• Arm 1 «Standard trippel behandling»: Warfarin, INR 2.3 (2.0-2.5) + ASA 75 mg + klopidogrel 75 mg i 4 uker

• Arm 2: Redusert dose DOAK (Dabigatran 110 mg x 2, rivaroksaban 15 mg x 1, apiksaban 3.75 mg x 2?) + ASA 75 mg + klopidogrel 75 mg i 4 uker

• Arm 3: Redusert dose DOAK + en platehemmer (aspirin/klopidogrel/tikagrelor/prasugrel)

• Arm 4: LAAO + DAPT i 4 uker

• Arm 5: LAAO + en platehemmer

• Follow up: > 12 mnd ± platehemmer

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? • Droppe platehemming > 12 mnd etter PCI?

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AF register uten PCI opplysninger. Ikke >12mnd oppfølging eller bare antikoagulasjon

Register av AF pasienter som brukte VKA. Få PCI pasienter (39%)/opplysninger. Deres konkl: RCTs are needed

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OAC-ALONE trial, Circulation 2019; 139:604-616

OAK vs platehemming etter PCI

• OAK vs OAK/platehemmer (RCT) ved stabil AP fra 12 mnd etter PCI • Plan: 2000 pasienter ila 12 mnd • Resultat: 696 ila 38 mnd • Primært endepunkt: Død, hjerteinfarkt, hjerneinfarkt • Sekundært endepunkt: Primært EP + blødning

• Alder 75 år, 85% menn • VKA 75%, DOAK 25%

• Prim EP: OAC 15.7% & OAC/platehemmer 13.6% (ns) • Sek EP: OAC 19.5% & OAC/platehemmer 19.4% (ns)

• Konkl; Pilotstudie med lite DOAK og damer…

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AFIRE trial, N Engl J Med 2019; 381:1103-1113

2236 pasienter med AF og PCI (70%)/ACB(11%)/angiografisk koronarsykdom (20%) for >1 år siden

Rivaroksaban 10-15mg x 1 vs

Rivaroksaban 10-15mg x 1 + P2Y12 (klopidogrel)/ASA(70%)

294 sykehus (i perioden 2015-2017)

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PCI og behov for antikoagulasjon

PCI + indikasjon for antikoagulasjon + liten blødningsfare Dabigatran 110-150 mg x 2, unntatt mekaniske hjerteventiler Rivaroksaban 15-20 mg x 1, unntatt mekaniske hjerteventiler Apiksaban 2.5-5.0 mg x 2, unntatt mekaniske hjerteventiler Warfarin, INR 2.3 (2.0-2.5, mek.mitralventil INR 2.7±0.2)

ASA 75 mg Clopidogrel 75 mg i 4-12 uker

PCI + indikasjon for antikoagulasjon + blødningsfare Se over – evt bare gi DOAK/warfarin + klopidogrel Syrepumpehemmer eller H2-blokker

Rikshospitalet 2019

Individuell vurdering av indikasjonen for både antikoagulasjon, platehemming og varighet (>12 mnd) er nødvendig

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Venstre aurikkel okkludere

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Individuell vurdering av

nytte vs risiko

Konklusjon