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Friday, November 4, 2011 ECT 7

by Keri DalmanJournal editor

When one typically thinks of bullying, certain things come to mind: yelling, name-calling, hitting and chas-ing, just to name a few.

But when it comes to bullying in sports, it’s hard to distinguish where the sport ends and bullying begins.

Many sports bodies have written policies regarding bullying, harassment and abuse.

Hockey Canada is one of those bodies that has a policy setting out their defi nition of bullying.

That defi nition is as follows: “Bullying involves a person expressing their power through the humiliation of another person. Bullying occurs between people at any age.... It is inappropriate behaviours that are typically cruel, demeaning and hostile toward the bul-lying targets (most commonly occurs between children under the age of 12 but may also constitute behaviours between youth or between adults...).”

Hockey Canada has taken the position that harass-ment and bullying cannot and should not be tolerated in any environment, including hockey.

In their policy, they included a list of tactics typi-cally used by bullies to control their targets, including unwarranted yelling and screaming, blaming the target for mistakes, making unreasonable demands related to performance, repeated insults or put-downs, or threats of and actual physical violence.

But at the grassroots level, it can be hard to identify what is bullying and what is part of the sport.

The East Central Trader sat down with a few members of the Humboldt Broncos Junior A hockey club last week, to talk about bullying in hockey, and where they see it happening.

Bronco players Taylor Johnson, Brendan Fornwald, Matthew Backhouse, Andrew Herle, Neil Landry and Ryan Marshall all packed themselves into coach Dean Brockman’s offi ce for the interview.

They were asked simply: Is there bullying in hockey?

Absolutely, they agreed. But what is the difference between bullying an

opponent and trying to intimidate them? That was a question asked by the team.

What is the difference between a coach yelling in-structions to his players or screaming at them?

Bullying, especially in hockey, it seems, is a grey area for those inside the sport.

For instance, rookie players with the Broncos are given more grunt work to do than older players. They pick up the pucks at practice, carry bags, and do other things in order to earn the respect of the veterans on the team.

It’s not humiliating, what the rookies do, the players explained. They had to do it when they were rookies, and the rookies tend to compete with one another to do more of these jobs, to earn that much more respect from the rest of the team.

They don’t consider that bullying. “We all did it,” one said. “I can imagine, on every

team in the world, rookies have their stuff to do.”Some of the name calling that goes on at practice or

in the dressing room is also something they don’t see as bullying, but as being part of building camaraderie among players and coaches. The name-calling is good natured, they feel, and doesn’t cross that line into bul-lying.

Especially at the junior level of hockey, bullying within a team is defi nitely seen as counterproductive.

Picking on your teammate doesn’t help build a team into a cohesive group, and therefore does not lead you to victory, this group of players explained.

“If you’re going to win, you have to be together,” one Bronco said. “Everyone has to be together.”

That means most players at higher levels of hockey know better than to bully their teammates.

“Players are smarter than that. Bullies get ostra-cized,” they said.

“You don’t win championships that way.”Where these junior players see bullying is at the

lower levels of hockey, on the minor hockey teams and at their games.

Young referees at those levels get picked on by fans, they noted, and parents often try to bully coaches.

For kids who do feel they are being bullied while they are playing a sport, the Broncos encouraged them to talk to someone about it — their parents, their coach, or an older teammate.

“Talk to someone. Get it off your chest,” was what one said, “and deal with it in a manner that’s respect-ful.”

If possible, they suggested, talk to someone on your team, or within your organization.

“No one else knows the issues like the people you work with every day,” they said.

Those people will understand exactly what you are going through.

Brockman sees other forms of bullying occurring at higher levels of hockey, between parents and coaches, and even agents and coaches at higher levels. He has had personal experience with parents attempting to bully him, and has a zero tolerance policy for it.

“We have had players on the team whose parents have called me in for meetings because they felt I wasn’t doing enough for their kid,” he said. “They tried to bully me. Consequently, those players moved on.”

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Against bullyingAbove is a poster created by Michelle Jou of Impe-rial School, an entry into the East Central Trader’s Anti-Bullying Campaign poster contest. Entries in the poster contest were received from fi ve diff erent schools, and the winners will be featured in next week’s East Central Trader.

8 ECT Friday, November 4, 2011

from BullyingCanada.ca Many children have a good idea of what bullying is

because they see it every day! Bullying happens when someone hurts or scares

another person on purpose and the person being bul-lied has a hard time defending themselves. So, everyone needs to get involved to help stop it.

Bullying is wrong! It is behaviour that makes the person being bullied feel afraid or uncomfortable. There are many ways that young people bully each other, even if they don’t realize it at the time. Some of these include:

• Punching, shoving and other acts that hurt people physically.

• Spreading bad rumours about people.• Keeping certain people out of a group.• Teasing people in a mean way.• Getting certain people to “gang up” on others.The four most common types of bullying are: •Verbal bullying: name-calling, sarcasm, teasing,

spreading rumours, threatening, making negative refer-ences to one’s culture, ethnicity, race, religion, gender, or sexual orientation, unwanted sexual comments.

• Social Bullying: mobbing, scapegoating, excluding others from a group, humiliating others with public gestures or graffi ti intended to put others down.

• Physical Bullying: hitting, poking, pinching, chas-ing, shoving, coercing, destroying or stealing belong-ings, unwanted sexual touching.

• Cyber Bullying: using the internet or text messag-ing to intimidate, put-down, spread rumours or make fun of someone.

What are the effects of bullying? Bullying makes people upset. It can make children

feel lonely, unhappy and frightened. It can make them feel unsafe and think there must be something wrong with them. Children can lose confi dence and may not want to go to school anymore. It may even make them sick.

Some people think bullying is just part of growing up and a way for young people to learn to stick up for them-selves. But bullying can have long-term physical and psychological consequences. Some of these include:

•Withdrawal from family and school activities, want-ing to be left alone.

• Shyness • Stomachaches • Headaches • Panic Attacks • Not being able to sleep • Sleeping too much • Being exhausted • Nightmares If bullying isn’t stopped, it also hurts the bystanders,

as well as the person who bullies others. Bystanders are afraid they could be the next victim. Even if they feel badly for the person being bullied, they avoid getting involved in order to protect themselves or because they aren’t sure what to do.

Children who learn they can get away with violence and aggression continue to do so in adulthood. They have a higher chance of getting involved in dating ag-gression, sexual harassment and criminal behaviour later in life.

Bullying can have an effect on learning Stress and anxiety caused by bullying and harass-

ment can make it more diffi cult for kids to learn. It can cause diffi culty in concentration and decrease their ability to focus, which affects their ability to remember things they have learned.

Bullying can lead to more serious concerns Bullying is painful and humiliating, and kids who

are bullied feel embarrassed, battered and shamed. If the pain is not relieved, bullying can even lead to con-sideration of suicide or violent behaviour.

How common is bullying? Approximately one in 10 children have bullied others

and as many as 25 per cent of children in Grades 4 to 6 have been bullied.

A 2004 study published in the medical Journal of Pediatrics found that about one in seven Canadian children aged 11 to 16 are victims of bullying. Studies have found bullying occurs once every seven minutes on the playground and once every 25 minutes in the classroom.

In the majority of cases, bullying stops within 10 seconds when peers intervene, or do not support the bullying behaviour.

Students are most vulnerable to bullying during transitions from elementary to junior high school, and from junior to senior high school.

There is a correlation between increased supervision and decreased bullying. Bullies stop when adults are around.

What are the myths about bullying? Myth #1 - “Children have got to learn to stand up

for themselves.” Reality - Children who get up the courage to com-

plain about being bullied are saying they’ve tried and can’t cope with the situation on their own. Treat their complaints as a call for help. In addition to offering support, it can be helpful to provide children with problem solving and assertiveness training to assist them in dealing with diffi cult situations.

Myth #2 - “Children should hit back - only harder.” Reality - This could cause serious harm. People who

bully are often bigger and more powerful than their victims. This also gives children the idea that violence

is a legitimate way to solve problems. Children learn how to bully by watching adults use their power for aggression. Adults have the opportunity to set a good example by teaching children how to solve problems by using their power in appropriate ways.

Myth #3 - “It builds character.” Reality - Children who are bullied repeatedly, have

low self-esteem and do not trust others. Bullying dam-ages a person’s self-concept.

Myth #4 - “Sticks and stones can break your bones but words can never hurt you.”

Reality - Scars left by name-calling can last a life-time.

Myth #5 - “That’s not bullying. They’re just teas-ing.”

Reality - Vicious taunting hurts and should be stopped.

Myth #6 - “There have always been bullies and there always will be.”

Reality - By working together as parents, teachers and students we have the power to change things and cre-ate a better future for our children. As a leading expert, Shelley Hymel, says, “It takes a whole nation to change a culture”. Let’s work together to change attitudes about bullying. After all, bullying is not a discipline issue - it is a teaching moment.

Myth #7 - “Kids will be kids.” Reality - Bullying is a learned behaviour. Children

may be imitating aggressive behaviour they have seen on television, in movies or at home. Research shows that 93% of video games reward violent behaviour. Additional fi ndings show that 25% of boys aged 12 to 17 regularly visit gore and hate internet sites, but that media literacy classes decreased the boys’ viewing of violence, as well as their acts of violence in the play-ground. It is important for adults to discuss violence in the media with youth, so they can learn how to keep it in context. There is a need to focus on changing attitudes toward violence.

Source: Government of Alberta

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Friday, November 4, 2011 ECT 9