you are a healthcare designer

YOU ARE A HEALTH CARE DESIGNERFast Forward Medical Innovat ionDes ign Bootcamp

JAMA PediatricsUnitioLenovo

DISCLOSURES

JOYCE LEE, MD, MPHwww.doctorasdesigner.comTwitter: @joyclee

NANCY BENOVICH GILBYProfessor of Entrepreneurship, UM School of Information

J O Y C E L E E , M D , M P H

N A N C Y B E N O V I C H G I L BY

M A R K N E W M A N

CO+LAB OBJECTIVES1 To develop digital health prototypes using participatory

design, including mobile context-aware applications, and artificial and virtual reality technologies

To offer interdisciplinary learning experiences for students, including interaction with patients and caregivers and technology skills development

To conduct design research to gain insights related to working with technology within the context of health.

2

3

AGENDA

Introduction to Design

Understand the 5 basic steps of Design Thinking

Apply design thinking to create a prototype for health

Reflect on the creations of the entire group and the process

WHAT IS DESIGN?“Purpose, planning, or intention that exists or is thought to exist behind an action, fact, or material object.”

“Can I park here?”“For how long?”

N i k k i S y l i a n t e n g @ t o p a r ko r n o t t o p a r k

N i k k i S y l i a n t e n g @ t o p a r ko r n o t t o p a r k

WHO IS A DESIGNER?

“Folk in black turtlenecks and designer glasses working on small things like the Apple Watch”

-Tim Brown

Clinician, QI Director, Researcher

YOU ARE A DESIGNER

DESIGN IS A MINDSET“Learning to design is learning to see”

-Oliver Reichenstein

The needle is opposite to the

cap

Design Flaw #1

>15,000 Unintentional injections from Epi-Pens in the US

between 1994-2007

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

< 66-1218-64

Total

13-17>64

Unintentional Injections with Epinephrine auto-injectors

Simons, 2010

Greenberg, 2010

“Despite instructions rendered on the package insert, a large number of health care professionals including nurses, paramedics, and physiciansinadvertently self-inject while attempting to administer the EpiPen to patients. One recent report chronicles a 6-year experience at a single US poison center that fielded 365 epinephrine injections to the hand.”

Design Flaw #2

Life or death is stressful! Don’t make me think!

Design Flaw #3

It’s an awkward size, & doesn’t fit in your pockets

Blackberry iPhone

The cap & needle are at the

same end

Redesign #1

It’s like Siriand talks to you!

Redesign #2

It’s thinner and shorter!

Redesign #3

It reminds me when to refill

The Paternalism of Medicine

“patients frequently do not understand how and when to use [the epi-pen].”

Sicherer, 2011

Blaming the Patient

“patients frequently do not understand how and when to use [the epi-pen].”

Sicherer, 2011

The needle is opposite to the

cap

Patient Problem or Design Problem?

“Children had only used their EpiPen device in29% of recurrent anaphylaxis reactions. Thisis perhaps unsurprising because a fear ofneedles/injections is common”

Sicherer, 2011

Blaming the Patient

“Children had only used their EpiPen device in29% of recurrent anaphylaxis reactions. Thisis perhaps unsurprising because a fear ofneedles/injections is common”

Sicherer, 2011

Life or death is stressful! Don’t make me think!

Patient Problem or Design Problem?

“patients often forget [the device], allow it to expire”

Sicherer, 2011

Blaming the Patient

“patients often forget [the device], allow it to expire”

Sicherer, 2011

It’s an awkward size, & doesn’t fit in your pockets

Patient Problem or Design Problem?

Patient problems are really healthcare system design

problems

Fix the Design and It’s No Longer the Patient’s Problem

Let Patients Design and they will Fix the Problem!

75% of children fail achieve recommended blood sugar goals in Type 1 Diabetes

75% of health care providers/systems fail to help children achieve recommended blood sugar goals in Type 1 Diabetes

Healthcare: “Fax us your numbers!”Kid: “Mom, what’s a fax? Is itcompatible with Snapchat?”

Some people wonder why almost no one uploads their pump data…

I think I know why: because getting it to work can be like

CRAWLING. THROUGH. BROKEN. GLASS.

@HowardLook

DESIGN IS A PROCESSIt’s a form of Problem Solving

HUMAN-CENTERED DESIGN“An approach that puts human (end-user) needs, capabilities, and behavior first, then designs to accommodate those needs, capabilities, and ways of behaving”

THE END-USER IN HEALTHCAREIt’s patients and caregivers, NOT doctors or nurses, clinic managers, insurers, administrators, or even specialty organizations.

EMPATHYUnderstand a problem before solving it

DEFINEA patient-defined problem

IDEATECollaborative, creative brainstorming

PROTOTYPESketch, draw, glue, code

www.diabetesemoticons.com

WHY APPLY DESIGN TO HEALTHCARE?

Billion dollar valuations

42 design firms have been acquired since 2004

50% have been acquired within the last year with Accenture, Deloitte, IBM, Google, Facebook as the most acquisitive

72

Empathy

Define the Problem

Ideate

Share & Capture Feedback

Prototype

Test

How might we design the ideal clinic visit experience?

How might we design a tool or experience to support for health, wellness, and disease ?

How might we design tailored healthcare to our patients individual/specific needs?

Understand the problem before trying to solve it.

EMPATHY

Interview your client about their experiences with healthcare, wellness, and disease management.

Ask open-ended questions:Who? What? When? Where? Why? How?

5 min per person

Address the client’s specific problems and needs.

DEFINE

Define the problem.

Capture your findings and take a stand on how to address your client’s needs.

I was surprised to learn…The client needs a way to…

4 min indiv idual ly

Sketch solutions for your client’s needs.IDEATE

Generate ideas to test.

Sketch out solutions to your partner’s needs.

Be messy, be creative, get to a good idea.

8 min indiv idual ly

What does your client think of your solutions?

SHARE

Share your solutions and gather feedback.

This feedback will shape your next iteration.

Understand your clients’ concerns and keep their feedback in mind.

5 min per person

Sketch your best idea. Remember your client’s feedback!

PROTOTYPE

Prototype your solution.

Reflect on your partner’s feedback and sketch your best ideas.

How can you best serve the client’s needs?

8 min indiv idual ly

What could be improved?TEST

Test your new prototype.

Share your prototype with your partner and get feedback on the outcome of your design process.

What worked? What could be improved?

5 min per person

What did you come up with?REPORT OUT

Health Care Designers!THANK YOU

www.healthdesignby.us

www.doctorasdesigner.com

Dr. Joyce Lee@joyclee

joyclee@med.umich.edu

Nancy Benovich Gilbynabgilby@umich.edu