what to do before,during & after disasters

Module Outline

• Earthquake• Fire• Flood

Earthquake

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SEISMIC ZONES OF PAKISTANEARTHQUAKE/ SEISMIC

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Very High Risk Zone

High Risk Zone Moderate Risk Zone

Low Risk Zone

Kalam Gilgit Skardu Mirpur Khass

Chitral Islamabad Sahiwal Nawabshah

Muzaffarabad Peshawar Kasur Bela

Quetta Nowshera Faisalabad Rahim yar khan

Chaman Thatta Lahore Bahawalpur

Badin Gujranwala Multan

Gawadar Sialkot Dera Ghazi Khan

Pasni Larkana

Sukkur

Jacobabad

Sibbi

Hyderabad

Karachi

BEFORE AN EARTHQUAKE

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BEFORE AN EARTHQUAKE

Identify Safe Places• Under sturdy furniture• Against an inside wall• Away from where glass

could shatter around i.e. windows, mirrors, pictures

• Away from where heavy bookcases or other heavy furniture could fall over.

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BEFORE AN EARTHQUAKE

• Give awareness talks• Conduct regular inspections of

buildings and equipments• Form DM committees• Strengthen coordination &

collaboration among various stake holders

• Set an internal Alarm System• Prepare evacuation plan and

execute evacuation drills

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BEFORE AN EARTHQUAKE

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BEFORE AN EARTHQUAKE

• Display Exit Plan in the building on Notice Boards

• Install single switch control• Display Exit signs on each floor

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BEFORE AN EARTHQUAKE

S.No. Institute/Organization Numbers

1. Ambulance 115

2. Edhi Trust 051-251191

3 Fire Brigade Center 16

4. Rescue 1122

5. Police Emergency 15

6. Hospital Casualities 218300-9

15/1122 can be used to redirect to any service. 112 from any GSM handset will forward to the local emergency number. 11

Important Contact Numbers

DURING AN EARTHQUAKE

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DURING AN EARTHQUAKE

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No matter where you are, remember the three steps•DROP down onto your hands and knees•COVER your head and neck•HOLD ON to your shelter

DURING AN EARTHQUAKE

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Try to Utilize the Triangle of Life

DURING AN EARTHQUAKE

Don’t panic and run, Stay calm• Find shelter in already

identified safe places• Cover your face and head

with your arms • Crouch in an inside corner

(try to be in a curled up position)

• If no other option is available, cover face and head with your hands and lie on the floor

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DURING AN EARTHQUAKE

If you are outside• Lie down as far away as possible

from buildings, trees, power lines and anything that could fall

• If you are in a mountain area, be alert from landslides.

• If driving, stop the vehicle and stay in it until the shaking stops.

• Turn on the radio for emergency broadcast information

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AFTER AN EARTHQUAKE

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AFTER AN EARTHQUAKE

1. Evacuate the building at the earliest following the evacuation plan

2. Expect secondary shockwaves which can occur in the first hours, days, weeks, or even months after the quake

3. Gather at already identified safe places (open ground)

4. Stay away from damaged areas

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AFTER AN EARTHQUAKE

Be safe and move smart• Electric fire and toxic fumes are threats• Know where shut off valves are• Watch out for ruptured pipes• Avoid pooled water, it could be eclectically charged• Call Rescue 1122

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1122

WHEN TRAPPED UNDER DEBRIS

If Trapped Under Debris1. Do not light a match. There may

be gas leakages2. Do not move about or kick up

dust. You might cause more physical damage to yourself

3. Cover your airways

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WHEN TRAPPED UNDER DEBRIS

4. Once you feel that the earthquake has stopped, tap on pipe or walls to make rescuers notice you

5. Use a whistle if you have one but do not whistle on your own, chances are you might choke on the smoke and dust

6. Shout only as a last resort.

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FIRE

BEFORE A FIRE

• Ensure that there are at least two ways of escaping the building

• Don’t block exits with junk or storage stuff

• If possible install smoke detectors in the house

• Keep first aid box and emergency kit handy

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• Keep heaters at least 3 feet from anything that may burn

• Don’t use damaged extension wires or burnt switches

• If an electric appliance smokes or has an unusual smell, unplug it

BEFORE A FIRE

DURING A FIRE

• In a fire, time is critical. If you are able to respond to a fire in The First Three Minutes you can control it

• Try to stop any one of the elements that cause fire, HEAT, OXYGEN OR FUEL

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DURING FIRE

• Use a fire extinguisher at once• Learn the PASS rule to use it

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DURING FIRE

• If you are in bed or room; Roll out of bed. STAY LOW and CRAWL OUT of the room • Never try to escape through a burning door or touch hot handle• Never use a lift if you are on the upper storey

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DURING FIRE

• If your clothes are on fire; STOP, DROP, AND ROLL until the fire is out

• Shout for help, but don't run. Running makes fire burn faster• Cover the person who is on fire with a blanket, carpet or any

handy thick material• Call the fire department at once

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DURING FIRE

AFTER A FIRE

• If someone gets burned, immediately place the wound under cool water for 10 to 15 minutes. If the burn blisters, see a doctor immediately

• If someone has breathed in smoke or fumes, he should also seek medical attention

• Remove any clothing or jewelry near the burnt area of skin. However, don't try to remove anything that is stuck to the burnt skin because this could cause more damage

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AFTER A FIRE

• Cover the burn with a sterilized bandage

• Don’t prick the blisters• Honey, aloe Vera is good for

instant relief for minor burns and scalds

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AFTER A FIRE

Flood

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Before A Flood

Prepare an emergency kit

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Before A Flood

• Be prepared to evacuate• Discuss flood management plan• Decide where you will meet if separated• Identify alternative travel routes that are not

prone to flooding• Plan what to do with your precious belongings

and hazardous materials• Fill your car’s gas tank• Seal vents to basements to prevent flooding• If told to leave, do so quickly

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During a Flood

• Be alert• Monitor your surroundings. Use radio, TV, Web etc.

• Don’t drive unless you have to• Follow recommended routes. • Avoid disaster areas. Your presence might hamper rescue

or other emergency operations and put you at further risk.• If water rises around your car or it stalls, leave the vehicle

immediately. • Vehicles can be swept away by less than 2 feet of water.• Get to high ground – Climb to safety

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During a Flood

• Evacuate immediately, if you think you are at risk or are advised to do so!

• Act quickly. Save yourself, not your belongings.• Stay away from power lines and electrical wires.• Shut off water, gas, and electrical services before

leaving.• Secure offices and home: lock all doors and windows.• Use minimum vehicles to avoid getting separated and

reduce traffic jams.• If directed to a specific location, go there.

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During a Flood

• Avoid trying to walk or swim through flowing water.

• If flowing water is above your ankles, STOP! Turn around and go another way.

• If it is moving swiftly, water 6 inches deep can knock you off your feet.

• If someone is trapped in flood, throw something to help him float, such as a spare tire, large ball etc.

• Call Rescue 1122.

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After a Flood

Your office or home is no longer a safe place.• Do not enter a flooded building until it has been

inspected for safety.• Pump out flooded basements gradually to avoid

structural damage.• Watch out for snakes and other insects• Throw away medicine, food, or water that had contact

with floodwaters.• If water is of questionable purity, use water purification

tablets or boil drinking water for 10 minutes.• Keep windows and doors open for ventilation.

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After a Flood

When making repairs;• Follow flood building codes.• Use flood-resistant materials and techniques.

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Thank You