studying place

Studying PlaceYear One : Week 3

Close Reading and Harvard Referencing

Dr Nicola Headlamheadlams@gmail.com

Harvard referencing

http://www.humanities.manchester.ac.uk/studyskills/develop_learner/research_skills/referencing.html

Follow the Faculty link to introductory guide to Harvard on UWE website.

Harvard

Introducing Harvard Referencing

Principles

and or &

• ‘and’ to be used between authors.

• ‘&’ can be used where it appears as such in the published title.

ed. and eds. • Always in lower case and without brackets.

Principles

Brackets • Round brackets for:

– Date of publication

• Square brackets for: – Accessed dates – Identifying specific format such as [online]

Principles

Capitalisation • Capitalisation of the first letter of each major

word in books and journals titles.

Example of a book title:

Evidence-Based Clinical Practice in Nursing and Health Care: Assimilating Research, Experience and Expertise.

Principles

Capitalisation cont.• Capitalisation of the first letter of the title of a

chapter/article (as well as any proper nouns).

Example of a chapter/article title:

Television food advertising to children: a global perspective.

Principles

Multi-volumes • The volume title will appear in italics.

Multiple authors • If more than three authors, use the surname

and initials of the first author and add ‘et al.’ in the in-text citation, but list all authors in the bibliography.

Principles

Date formats• No need to give the same year twice, where

the day and month is given separately.

Example of a TV Programme:

The Thick of It (2009), Series 3, Episode 8 [TV]. BBC Two, 12 December.

Principles

Page numbers • Where a single page is being quoted or

referred to, a single ‘p.’ is used.

• Where multiple pages are being quoted or referred to, ‘pp.’ should be used.

URL ‘available from’ or ‘available at’ • Use ‘Available from’

Principles

Direct quotation• There is no need to provide a page reference

in the in-text citation unless you are including a direct quotation.

Principles

Punctuation • There will be a full stop at the end of each

reference.

• No full stop at the end of a URL.

• No full stop after the year of publication.

• No colon for the accessed date, i.e. [Accessed 11 December 2010].

Principles

• UWE Research Repository – When referencing the repository at UWE it

should be described as the ‘UWE Research Repository’, as on the website, rather than, ‘UWE Repository’.

Book

Author surname, Initials. (Year of publication) Title. Edition (if not first). Place of publication: Publisher.

Pearson, A., Field, J., Ford, D. and Jordon, Z. (2007) Evidence-Based Clinical Practice in Nursing and Health Care: Assimilating Research, Experience and Expertise. 2nd ed. Oxford: Blackwell Publishing.

More than 3 authors.

Use of ‘and’

Capitalisation of the book title

Edition noted

Electronic Book

Author surname, Initials. (Year of publication) Title [online].Edition (if not first). Place of publication: Publisher. [Accessed: DD Month YYYY].

Pearson, A., Field, J., Ford, D. and Jordon, Z. (2007) Evidence-Based Clinical Practice in Nursing and Health Care: Assimilating Research, Experience and Expertise [online] 2nd ed. Oxford: Blackwell Publishing [Accessed 07 September 2011].

Add [online] after the title.

Add [Accessed] and the date at the end

Use 2 digits and full month and year for

the date format

No need to give a URL.

Journal article

Author surname, Initials. (Year of publication) Title of the article. Journal Title. Volume no. (Part no.), page numbers.

Edge, I. and Murphy, V. (1976) New uses of technology in dentistry. British Dental Journal. 8 (3), pp. 450-600.

Use of ‘and’

Capitalisation of the Journal title

NO capitalisation of the article title

Use of ‘pp.’ for a range of pages

Electronic Journal article

Author surname, Initials. (Year of publication) Title of the article. Journal Title [online] . Volume no. (Part no.), page numbers. [Accessed DD Month YYYY].

Edge, I. and Murphy, V. (1976) New uses of technology in dentistry. British Dental Journal [online]. 8 (3), pp. 450-600. [Accessed 21 July 2011].

Add [online] after the journal title

Add the Accessed date

No need to give a URL

Newspaper article

Author surname, Initials. (Year of publication) Title of the article. Title of Newspaper. DD Month of publication, page number of the article (if given).

Weaver, M. (2010) The Chilean miners: who’s who at the surface. The Guardian. 14 October, p. 5.

Capitalisation of the Newspaper title

NO capitalisation of the article title, except proper

nouns

Use of ‘p.’ for a single page

Official Publications

Country. Name of Committee, Department or Royal Commission (Year of publication) Title. Place of publication: Publisher. (Paper number).

Great Britain. Department of Health (2011) Healthy lives, healthy people: update and way forward. London: The Stationery Office (Cm 8134).

Country

Committee, Department or

Commission

Number of the Paper

Web page

Author surname, Initials. / Organisation (Year of publication) Title of Internet Site. Available from: URL of the web page [Accessed DD Month YYYY].

Royal College of Nursing (2009) Learning and Education. Available from: http://www.rcn.org.uk /development/learning [Accessed 22 December 2010].

Organisation where an individual author

is not evident

‘Accessed’ with no colon

Available from: used

No full stop at end of URL

Television Programme

Title of Series (Year of first broadcast) Series number, Episode number, Episode title if applicable [TV]. Channel, DD Month of first broadcast.

Yes, Prime Minister (1986) Series 1, Episode 1, The Ministerial Broadcast [TV]. BBC Two, 16 January.

Year of first broadcast is more

relevant than a repeat date

No need to repeat the year

Information on the dates and

series/episode numbers can be

usually found on the internet

Interview on TV/Radio

Surname of person being interviewed, Initials. (Year of interview) Title of interview (if any). Interview with Interviewee’s name OR Interview by Interviewer’s name. Title of publication or broadcast, Channel, Date of broadcast DD Month.

Blair, T. (2007) The Tony Blair interview with Andrew Marr. Interview with Tony Blair. The Andrew Marr Show, BBC One, 05 September.

Year of broadcast given once

Use a zero to make the ‘day’ a two-digit

number

There may not be an official title for

the interview, but it should be included where there is one

Video Sharing (e.g. YouTube, Dailymotion, Vimeo etc)

Name of person/organisation posting the video. (Year of posting) Title of the video. Title of the internet web site [video]. DD Month of posting. Available from: URL of the web page [Accessed DD Month YYYY].

International News 24/7 (2010) France faces strikes and protests over pension reform. YouTube [video]. 07 September. Available from: http://www.youtube. com/watch?v=O_S6mldSB9k [Accessed 13 September 2010].

Year of posting given once

Use a zero to make the ‘day’ a two-digit

number

A link to the video and date of viewing

are important

Blogs

Author surname, Initials. (Year of posting) Title of the blog entry. Title of blog. DD Month of posted message. Available from: URL of the web page [Accessed DD Month YYYY].

Rogers, S. (2010) Local council spending over £500: full list of who has published what so far. Data Blog. 10 September. Available from: http://www.guardian .co.uk/news/datablog/2010/sep/10/local-council-spending-over-500-list [Accessed 13 September 2010].

Year of posting given once

Most blogs can be accessed by

anyone, so include the URL

They might be edited, so include the accessed date.

Capitalisation: first letter of the entry,

first letter of all words in the blog

name

Social Networking web site(e.g. Facebook, Twitter etc)

Author surname, Initials. (Year of posting) Title of the group/page. Title of Social Network Site [online]. DD Month of posting. Available from: URL of the web page [Accessed DD Month YYYY].

Smith, J. (2010) UWE Bristol. Facebook [online]. 13 June. Available from: http://www. facebook.com/#!/uwebristol [Accessed 22 December 2010].

Year of posting given once

Include the URL, even if the reader is

not ‘friends’ with the person/ organisation

Include the accessed date.

Image or illustration(accessed electronically)

Artist surname, Initials. (Date of creation) Title of the work [medium]. At: place where the work is housed: institution or collection that houses the work [online]. Available from: URL of the web page [Accessed DD Month YYYY].

Turner, J.M.W. (c.1925-30) Sunrise [Watercolour on paper]. At: London: Tate Britain [online]. Available from: http://www.tate.org.uk [Accessed 19 December 2010].

Note the location and Gallery where

an artwork is housed

On this example the medium [e.g.

watercolour] is noted as well as

where it was seen [online]

The date the artwork was created may not be exact. Include c. to

denote ‘circa’

Music or spoken word recordings

Composer surname, Initials. (Year of publication) Title. Subsidiary Originator (e.g. performer, conductor). Place of

distribution: Distribution Company.

Bach, J.S. (1850) The Goldberg Variations. Hans Bischoff, conductor. Los Angeles: Alfred Publishing.

Note the role that the subsidiary

originator played.

Capitals for each of the main words in

the title.