poverty alleviation programmes
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Poverty al lev iat ion
programmes .
TWO OF MAJOR RUNNING POVERTY
ALLEVIATION PROGRAMME FOR
EMPLOYMENT GENERATION.
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NATIONA RURAL EMPLOYMENT
GUARANTEE PROGRAMME :-
The NREGA is an INDIAN job guarantee scheme , enacted
by legis lat ion on august 25, 2005
The scheme provides a legal guarantee for 100 days o f
employment in every f inancia l year to adu l t members o f
any rural househo ld w i ll ing to do publ ic wo rk- related
unsk i lled m anual work at the statutory m in imum wage of
RS.100/day . The central government ou tlay for s cheme is
RS 39,100cr ($8bi ll ion ) in FY 2009-10.
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HISTORY & fund ing ..
The scheme started fromFEBRUARY 2,2006 in200
distr ic ts , was expanded to co ver ano ther 130
dis tr ict s in 2007-2008 and eventually covered all
593 dis tr ic ts in INDIA in 2008 . The ou tlay was
RS.11,000 cr in 2006-07,and has been r is ing
steeply, to RS39,100cr in2009-10.
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Implementation..
The Con tro l ler and Aud itor General (CAG) of
Ind ia, i ts perform ance aud i t of the
IMPLEMENTATION o f NREGA has found
significant deficiencies in the
implementat ion of the act. The plan was
laun ched in febru ary 2006 in 200 dis tr ic ts
eventual ly extended to cover 593
dis tr ict s.4,49,40,870 ru ral househo lds were
pro vided jobs under NREGA du ring 2008-09,
w i th an nat ional average of 48 work ing days
per household .
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Work and activities..
The NREGA ach ieves tw in ob ject ives o f rural
development and employment. The NREGA
st ipulates that wo rks must be targeted towards a
set of speci f ic rural development act iv i t ies such
as: water conservat ion and harvest ing ,
af forestat ion , rural connect iv i ty, f lood contro l and
protect ion such as cons truct ion and repai r of
embankments, etc.
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Digging of new tanks/ponds , percolat ion tanks and
con struc t ion o f smal l check dams are also carr ied
out under th is scheme. Micro i r r igat ion work su ch
as construc t ion o f smal l canals is also carr ied out .
The scheme prov ides irr igation faci l i t ies to land
owned by people com ing underSC/STs,
benef ic iar ies o f land reforms, Ind ra Awas Yojana,
etc. Renovat ion of tradi t ional water bod ies is also
carr ied out. This involvesdesi lt ing o f tanks /ponds ,
old canals, open wel ls, etc. Land development is
also given impo rtance. The employed are given
work such as land level ing , tree plantat ion, etc.
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IT implementation
NREGA is the first programme having been
implemented with full IT support. TATA
Consultancy Services, India's largest IT/ITES
sector company has designed the software
solution for the state of Andhra Pradesh. NIC, agovernment of India undertaking, developed
solution has been implemented in other areas.
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Conclusion..
Job guarantee
National Advisory Council
RTI India Right To Information
NREGS (India)
NREGS (Kerala)
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Job_guaranteehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Advisory_Councilhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RTI_Indiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Right_To_Informationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=NREGS_%28India%29&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NREGS_%28Kerala%29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NREGS_%28Kerala%29http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=NREGS_%28India%29&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Right_To_Informationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RTI_Indiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Advisory_Councilhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Job_guarantee -
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Jawaharlal Nehru
National Urban Renewal Mission(JNNURM)
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Context for JNNURM
JNNURM, launched in Dec 2005, is the GOIs
response to the urban challenge
Urban System Second Largest System Globally
Urban Population: 315 million
Urban Decadal Growth: 25-30% GDP contribution 50% +
Urban Challenge
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Inadequate urban infrastructure,
water, sanitation, 60+ million
slum population, weak institutional
and financial frameworks
constraining adequate and
sustainable service delivery, and
more
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JNNURM Structure
Two major components
1. Urban Infrastructure and Governance
(UIGMOUD)
2. Basic services for the Urban Poor (BSP-
MHPA)
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JNNURM Objectives & Scope &
Financing andImplementation Arrangements..
Objective of JNNURM:
To scale up planned and integrateddevelopment of urban infrastructure andservices in 63 cities in urban renewal, WSS,SWM, drainage, transport, car parking,
heritage development, preservation of waterbodies and prevention of soil erosion.
To promote urban reforms for efficient,sustainable, and accountable urban service
delivery
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Funding of JNNURM:
$6.4 billion to be spent over 7 years ofJNNURM for UIG
Central grant financing of 35-90% depending
on the classification of the cities and theprojects.
Implementing Agency: Ministry of Urban
Development(MOUD) through a MissionDirectorate.
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Special Features..
First comprehensive and planned approach
Cities are required to prepare City
Development Plans (Vision Documents) asparticipatory frameworks for
Infrastructure planning and prioritization, and
Framing urban reform agendas
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Funding support for
infrastructure is linked to reforms Cities need to negotiate and enter
into MoAs with MOUD to
implement urban reforms in order
to access JNNURM funds..
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Urban Reform Agenda..
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Achievements Infrastructure
Projects One or more projects sanctioned in 54 cities out of
63 mission cities (over 26 States out of 32 states.
Of the remaining 9 cities, for 5 cities, projects
submitted (Delhi,Agartala, Puri, Shillong and
Ranchi).
78 % of the projects sanctioned (in terms of value ofprojects) are for priority sectors like WSS, Drainage
and SWM
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11 % of the projects sanctioned(in terms of
value of Projects) are for improving PublicTransport.
Public transport(especially BRTS) and SWM
projectsare attracting private sectordue to
evolving revenue models and user charge
regimes.
Out of 90 projects committed for completion
before December 2008, 28 projects reported
satisfactory utilization of funds.
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Achievements Infrastructure
Projects 9 Projects have been fully completed
Hyderabad
Flyover at Chandrayangagutta
Laying of pipelines from Shebnagar TBR toPreshasan Nagar
Krishna Drinking Water Supply Project Phase II
Surat
Upgradation of Anjana Sewage Treatment Plan Secondary Sewage Treatment Plant at Bamroli
Flyover Bridge near Nanavarachha
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Ahmedabad
Construction of Railway over Bridge on
Ahmedabad-Botad MG Railway line atSreyas Crossing on 122 ft Ring Road (apart of BRTS project)
Construction of four lane Bridge acrossRiver Sabarmati connecting Vasna andPirana 122 ft ring road
Bangalore
Augmentation of Additional 100 MLD ofwater from CWSS stage IV Phase I
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Constraints..
The role of TA and the Cell is evolving as the
JNNURM program progresses, requiring
changes to the team composition.
The MOUD and the Mission Directorate need
to putin place a dedicated team whose
capacity must be built to manage and
implement the JNNURM.
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Without this it is unlikely that the
operational constraints can be
overcome as JNNURM enters a critical
phase of project implementation.
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Opportunities for Further
Partnering
with JNNURM.. Funding for visible, big-ticket projects (e.g. MRTS)
Technical Assistance to individual states for
capacity building,project monitoring systems
Technical Assistance for specific weak states and
regions (e.g. NorthEast)
Facilitating PPP and non-sovereign financing as away of leveraging JNNURM funds
Consider earmarking loan funds to meet the gap of
JNNURM financing in selected states
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Financing the establishment
and capacity development of
urban institutions/researchcentres for sustainablecapacity building.
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THANK YOU
BY:
SHAMAL KAPOOR
ANUJ JINDAL SAGAR SETH
SHILPA PAHUJA
LAVANYA NANDAKUMAR
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