muscles 3

Muscles 3

McKinley and O’Laughlin

Chapter 12

Introduction

List the 4 compartments of the thigh. Anterior - extend knee, flex thigh Posterior - flex knee, extend thigh Lateral - abduct thigh Medial - adduct thigh

Introduction

What structure forms the compartments of the thigh? Fascia lata

Move the Coxal Joint/Thigh

Name: Psoas major Origin: Transverse processes of L1-L5 Insertion: Lesser trochanter of femur Action: Flex hip. Rotate thigh laterally. Flex

vertebral column.

Move the Coxal Joint/Thigh

Name: Iliacus Origin: Iliac fossa Insertion: Lesser trochanter of femur Action: Flex hip. Rotate thigh laterally.

Introduction

By what name are the iliacus and psoas major referred to after they pass deep to the inguinal ligament? Iliopsoas

Move the Coxal Joint/Thigh

Name: Sartorius Origin: Anterior superior iliac spine Insertion: Proximomedial tibia Action: Abduct and flex hip. Laterally rotate

thigh. Flex knee.

Move the Coxal Joint/Thigh

Name: Adductor longus Origin: Pubis (below crest) Insertion: Linea aspera (middle) Action: Adduct and flex hip. Laterally rotate

thigh

Move the Coxal Joint/Thigh

Name: Adductor brevis Origin: Body and inferior ramus of pubis Insertion: Linea aspera (proximal) Action: Adduct and flex hip. Laterally rotate

thigh

Move the Coxal Joint/Thigh

Name: Gracilis Origin: Body and inferior ramus of pubis Insertion: Proximomedial tibia Action: Adduct and flex hip. Medially rotate

thigh

Move the Coxal Joint/Thigh

Name: Pectineus Origin: Pectineal line of pubis Insertion: Pectineal line of femur Action: Adduct and flex hip. Laterally rotate

thigh

Move the Coxal Joint/Thigh

Name: Adductor magnus Origin: Inferior ramus of pubis. Ramus of

ischium. Ischial tuberosity. Insertion: Linea aspera. Medial epicondyle

of femur (adductor tubercle) Action: Adduct and flex hip. Laterally rotate

thigh Hamstring part: extend thigh

Move the Coxal Joint/Thigh

Name: Tensor Fasciae Latae Origin: Anterior superior iliac spine.

Anterior iliac crest. Insertion: Lateral tibial condyle via iliotibial

tract. Action: Abduct hip. Medially rotate thigh.

Move the Coxal Joint/Thigh

Name: Gluteus maximus Origin: Iliac crest. Dorsal sacrum and

coccyx Insertion: Gluteal tuberosity (proximal linea

aspera). Iliotibial tract. Action: Extend hip. Laterally rotate thigh.

Move the Coxal Joint/Thigh

Name: Gluteus medius Origin: Lateral ilium Insertion: Greater trochanter (lateral) Action: Abduct hip. Medially rotate thigh.

Move the Coxal Joint/Thigh

Name: Gluteus minimus Origin: Inferolateral ilium Insertion: Greater trochanter (anterior) Action: Abduct hip. Medially rotate thigh.

Move the Coxal Joint/Thigh

Name: Piriformis Origin: Anterior sacrum Insertion: Greater trochanter (superior) Action: Abduct flexed hip. Laterally rotate

extended thigh.

Move the Coxal Joint/Thigh

Name: Biceps femoris Origin:

Long head: Ischial tuberosity Short head: Distal linea aspera

Insertion: Fibular head Action: Flex knee and laterally rotate leg.

Extend thigh.

Move the Coxal Joint/Thigh

Name: Semimembranosus Origin: Ischial tuberosity Insertion: Posterior to medial tibial condyle Action: Flex knee and medially rotate leg.

Extend thigh.

Move the Coxal Joint/Thigh

Name: Semitendinosus Origin: Ischial tuberosity Insertion: Proximomedial tibia Action: Flex knee and medially rotate leg.

Extend thigh.

Move the Knee/Leg

What is the collective name of the group of 4 extensors of the knee in the anterior compartment of the thigh? Quadriceps femoris group

Move the Knee/Leg

What is the common insertion of the group of 4 extensors of the knee in the anterior compartment of the thigh? Tibial tuberosity

Move the Knee/Leg

What is the common action of the group of 4 extensors of the knee in the anterior compartment of the thigh? Extend leg at knee

Move the Knee/Leg

Of the 4 extensors in the anterior comportment of the thigh, which crosses the hip joint and is a flexor of the hip? Rectus femoris

Move the Knee/Leg

Name: Rectus femoris Origin: Anterior inferior iliac spine. Groove

superior to acetabulum Insertion: Tibial tuberosity via quadriceps

femoris tendon Action: Extend knee. Flex thigh

Move the Knee/Leg

Name: Vastus lateralis Origin: Greater trochanter. Linea aspera Insertion: Tibial tuberosity via quadriceps

femoris tendon Action: Extend knee

Move the Knee/Leg

Name: Vastus medialis Origin: Medial femur. Linea aspera Insertion: Tibial tuberosity via quadriceps

femoris tendon Action: Extend knee

Move the Knee/Leg

Name: Vastus intermedius Origin: Anterior and lateral femur Insertion: Tibial tuberosity via quadriceps

femoris tendon Action: Extend knee

Compartments of the Thigh

List all of the muscles of the anterior compartment of the thigh that cross the knee joint? 4 Quads

Rectus femoris Vastus intermedius, lateralis, medialis

Sartorius

Compartments of the Thigh

List all of the muscles of the medial compartment of the thigh that cross the knee joint? Gracilis

Compartments of the Thigh

List all of the muscles of the lateral compartment of the thigh that cross the knee joint? Tensor fasciae latae

Compartments of the Thigh

List all of the muscles of the posterior compartment of the thigh that cross the knee joint? 3 Hamstrings

Biceps femoris Semitendinosus Semimembranosus

Leg Muscles

What is the anatomical term for the muscles of the leg? Crural muscles

Leg Muscles

How many compartments lie within the leg? 3

List the compartments that lie within the leg. Anterior Lateral Posterior

Anterior Compartment of the Leg

Name: Extensor digitorum longus Origin: Lateral tibial condyle. Anterior

fibula. Interosseus membrane Insertion: Extensor expansions of digits 2-5 Action: Extend digits 2-5. Dorsiflex foot

Anterior Compartment of the Leg

Name: Extensor hallucis longus Origin: Anterior fibula. Interosseus

membrane Insertion: Dorsal base of distal phalanx of

hallux Action: Extend digits 1. Dorsiflex foot

Anterior Compartment of the Leg

Name: Tibialis anterior Origin: Lateral condyle and surface of tibia.

Interosseus membrane Insertion: (medial and inferior) Medial

cuneiform and base of 1st metatarsal Action: Dorsiflex and invert foot

Lateral Compartment of the Leg

Name: Fibularis longus Origin: Head and lateral fibula Insertion: (inferior) Medial cuneiform and

base of 1st metatarsal Action: Plantar flex and evert foot

Lateral Compartment of the Leg

Name: Fibularis brevis Origin: Lateral fibula Insertion: Tuberosity (on base) of 5th

metatarsal Action: Evert and weakly plantar flex foot

Posterior Compartment of the Leg

Name: Gastrocnemius Origin:

Lateral head: Lateral to lateral femoral condyle Medial head: Superior to medial femoral

condyle

Insertion: Tuberosity of calcaneus via tendo calcaneus (Achilles tendon)

Action: Plantar flex foot. Flex knee

Posterior Compartment of the Leg

Name: Soleus Origin: Soleal line (posterior tibia).

Posterior fibula Insertion: Tuberosity of calcaneus via tendo

calcaneus (Achilles tendon) Action: Plantar flex foot

Posterior Compartment of the Leg

Name: Plantaris Origin: Lateral supracondylar ridge of

femur Insertion: Tuberosity of calcaneus via tendo

calcaneus (Achilles tendon) Action: Plantar flex foot. Flex knee

Posterior Compartment of the Leg

Name: Flexor digitorum longus Origin: Posteriomedial tibia Insertion: Inferior distal phalanges 2-5 Action: Flex digits 2-5. Plantar flex foot

Posterior Compartment of the Leg

Name: Flexor hallucis longus Origin: Posterior fibula. Interosseus

membrane Insertion: Inferior distal phalanx 1 Action: Flex digit 1. Plantar flex foot

Posterior Compartment of the Leg

Name: Tibialis posterior Origin: Interosseus membrane. Posterior

tibia and fibula Insertion: Inferior surfaces of navicular,

cuneiforms, cuboid and bases of metatarsals 2-4

Action: Plantar flex and invert foot. Support arches

Posterior Compartment of the Leg

Name: Popliteus Origin: Lateral femoral condyle Insertion: Proximoposterior tibia Action: Unlock knee. Flex knee