muscles 3
DESCRIPTION
Muscles of the appendicular skeleton in the lower extremity. Includes pictures & descriptions of origins, insertions, and actions.TRANSCRIPT
Muscles 3
McKinley and O’Laughlin
Chapter 12
Introduction
List the 4 compartments of the thigh. Anterior - extend knee, flex thigh Posterior - flex knee, extend thigh Lateral - abduct thigh Medial - adduct thigh
Introduction
What structure forms the compartments of the thigh? Fascia lata
Move the Coxal Joint/Thigh
Name: Psoas major Origin: Transverse processes of L1-L5 Insertion: Lesser trochanter of femur Action: Flex hip. Rotate thigh laterally. Flex
vertebral column.
Move the Coxal Joint/Thigh
Name: Iliacus Origin: Iliac fossa Insertion: Lesser trochanter of femur Action: Flex hip. Rotate thigh laterally.
Introduction
By what name are the iliacus and psoas major referred to after they pass deep to the inguinal ligament? Iliopsoas
Move the Coxal Joint/Thigh
Name: Sartorius Origin: Anterior superior iliac spine Insertion: Proximomedial tibia Action: Abduct and flex hip. Laterally rotate
thigh. Flex knee.
Move the Coxal Joint/Thigh
Name: Adductor longus Origin: Pubis (below crest) Insertion: Linea aspera (middle) Action: Adduct and flex hip. Laterally rotate
thigh
Move the Coxal Joint/Thigh
Name: Adductor brevis Origin: Body and inferior ramus of pubis Insertion: Linea aspera (proximal) Action: Adduct and flex hip. Laterally rotate
thigh
Move the Coxal Joint/Thigh
Name: Gracilis Origin: Body and inferior ramus of pubis Insertion: Proximomedial tibia Action: Adduct and flex hip. Medially rotate
thigh
Move the Coxal Joint/Thigh
Name: Pectineus Origin: Pectineal line of pubis Insertion: Pectineal line of femur Action: Adduct and flex hip. Laterally rotate
thigh
Move the Coxal Joint/Thigh
Name: Adductor magnus Origin: Inferior ramus of pubis. Ramus of
ischium. Ischial tuberosity. Insertion: Linea aspera. Medial epicondyle
of femur (adductor tubercle) Action: Adduct and flex hip. Laterally rotate
thigh Hamstring part: extend thigh
Move the Coxal Joint/Thigh
Name: Tensor Fasciae Latae Origin: Anterior superior iliac spine.
Anterior iliac crest. Insertion: Lateral tibial condyle via iliotibial
tract. Action: Abduct hip. Medially rotate thigh.
Move the Coxal Joint/Thigh
Name: Gluteus maximus Origin: Iliac crest. Dorsal sacrum and
coccyx Insertion: Gluteal tuberosity (proximal linea
aspera). Iliotibial tract. Action: Extend hip. Laterally rotate thigh.
Move the Coxal Joint/Thigh
Name: Gluteus medius Origin: Lateral ilium Insertion: Greater trochanter (lateral) Action: Abduct hip. Medially rotate thigh.
Move the Coxal Joint/Thigh
Name: Gluteus minimus Origin: Inferolateral ilium Insertion: Greater trochanter (anterior) Action: Abduct hip. Medially rotate thigh.
Move the Coxal Joint/Thigh
Name: Piriformis Origin: Anterior sacrum Insertion: Greater trochanter (superior) Action: Abduct flexed hip. Laterally rotate
extended thigh.
Move the Coxal Joint/Thigh
Name: Biceps femoris Origin:
Long head: Ischial tuberosity Short head: Distal linea aspera
Insertion: Fibular head Action: Flex knee and laterally rotate leg.
Extend thigh.
Move the Coxal Joint/Thigh
Name: Semimembranosus Origin: Ischial tuberosity Insertion: Posterior to medial tibial condyle Action: Flex knee and medially rotate leg.
Extend thigh.
Move the Coxal Joint/Thigh
Name: Semitendinosus Origin: Ischial tuberosity Insertion: Proximomedial tibia Action: Flex knee and medially rotate leg.
Extend thigh.
Move the Knee/Leg
What is the collective name of the group of 4 extensors of the knee in the anterior compartment of the thigh? Quadriceps femoris group
Move the Knee/Leg
What is the common insertion of the group of 4 extensors of the knee in the anterior compartment of the thigh? Tibial tuberosity
Move the Knee/Leg
What is the common action of the group of 4 extensors of the knee in the anterior compartment of the thigh? Extend leg at knee
Move the Knee/Leg
Of the 4 extensors in the anterior comportment of the thigh, which crosses the hip joint and is a flexor of the hip? Rectus femoris
Move the Knee/Leg
Name: Rectus femoris Origin: Anterior inferior iliac spine. Groove
superior to acetabulum Insertion: Tibial tuberosity via quadriceps
femoris tendon Action: Extend knee. Flex thigh
Move the Knee/Leg
Name: Vastus lateralis Origin: Greater trochanter. Linea aspera Insertion: Tibial tuberosity via quadriceps
femoris tendon Action: Extend knee
Move the Knee/Leg
Name: Vastus medialis Origin: Medial femur. Linea aspera Insertion: Tibial tuberosity via quadriceps
femoris tendon Action: Extend knee
Move the Knee/Leg
Name: Vastus intermedius Origin: Anterior and lateral femur Insertion: Tibial tuberosity via quadriceps
femoris tendon Action: Extend knee
Compartments of the Thigh
List all of the muscles of the anterior compartment of the thigh that cross the knee joint? 4 Quads
Rectus femoris Vastus intermedius, lateralis, medialis
Sartorius
Compartments of the Thigh
List all of the muscles of the medial compartment of the thigh that cross the knee joint? Gracilis
Compartments of the Thigh
List all of the muscles of the lateral compartment of the thigh that cross the knee joint? Tensor fasciae latae
Compartments of the Thigh
List all of the muscles of the posterior compartment of the thigh that cross the knee joint? 3 Hamstrings
Biceps femoris Semitendinosus Semimembranosus
Leg Muscles
What is the anatomical term for the muscles of the leg? Crural muscles
Leg Muscles
How many compartments lie within the leg? 3
List the compartments that lie within the leg. Anterior Lateral Posterior
Anterior Compartment of the Leg
Name: Extensor digitorum longus Origin: Lateral tibial condyle. Anterior
fibula. Interosseus membrane Insertion: Extensor expansions of digits 2-5 Action: Extend digits 2-5. Dorsiflex foot
Anterior Compartment of the Leg
Name: Extensor hallucis longus Origin: Anterior fibula. Interosseus
membrane Insertion: Dorsal base of distal phalanx of
hallux Action: Extend digits 1. Dorsiflex foot
Anterior Compartment of the Leg
Name: Tibialis anterior Origin: Lateral condyle and surface of tibia.
Interosseus membrane Insertion: (medial and inferior) Medial
cuneiform and base of 1st metatarsal Action: Dorsiflex and invert foot
Lateral Compartment of the Leg
Name: Fibularis longus Origin: Head and lateral fibula Insertion: (inferior) Medial cuneiform and
base of 1st metatarsal Action: Plantar flex and evert foot
Lateral Compartment of the Leg
Name: Fibularis brevis Origin: Lateral fibula Insertion: Tuberosity (on base) of 5th
metatarsal Action: Evert and weakly plantar flex foot
Posterior Compartment of the Leg
Name: Gastrocnemius Origin:
Lateral head: Lateral to lateral femoral condyle Medial head: Superior to medial femoral
condyle
Insertion: Tuberosity of calcaneus via tendo calcaneus (Achilles tendon)
Action: Plantar flex foot. Flex knee
Posterior Compartment of the Leg
Name: Soleus Origin: Soleal line (posterior tibia).
Posterior fibula Insertion: Tuberosity of calcaneus via tendo
calcaneus (Achilles tendon) Action: Plantar flex foot
Posterior Compartment of the Leg
Name: Plantaris Origin: Lateral supracondylar ridge of
femur Insertion: Tuberosity of calcaneus via tendo
calcaneus (Achilles tendon) Action: Plantar flex foot. Flex knee
Posterior Compartment of the Leg
Name: Flexor digitorum longus Origin: Posteriomedial tibia Insertion: Inferior distal phalanges 2-5 Action: Flex digits 2-5. Plantar flex foot
Posterior Compartment of the Leg
Name: Flexor hallucis longus Origin: Posterior fibula. Interosseus
membrane Insertion: Inferior distal phalanx 1 Action: Flex digit 1. Plantar flex foot
Posterior Compartment of the Leg
Name: Tibialis posterior Origin: Interosseus membrane. Posterior
tibia and fibula Insertion: Inferior surfaces of navicular,
cuneiforms, cuboid and bases of metatarsals 2-4
Action: Plantar flex and invert foot. Support arches
Posterior Compartment of the Leg
Name: Popliteus Origin: Lateral femoral condyle Insertion: Proximoposterior tibia Action: Unlock knee. Flex knee