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Muckrakers Muckraker Book Reforms Related Reform
Jacob Riis
Upton Sinclair
Lincoln Steffens
Shame of the Cities (1902)
Articles in McClure’s magazine
Steffens exposed the corruption of political machines in big cities
such as New York and Philadelphia
Secret ballots Anti-graft campaigns in
some cities cracked down on police corruption.
Ida Tarbell
A History of Standard Oil
(1905) Originally
published in McClure’s magazine
Exposed the unscrupulous business practices used by John D. Rockefeller’s Standard Oil Co. Rockefeller used “rebates” and other unethical practices to put
competitors out of business. Documented how Standard Oil
over-charged consumers becoming a near monopoly.
Resulted in anti-trust
prosecution of Standard Oil.
Generally contributed to the passage of the Clayton
Anti-Trust Act.
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