mobile technologies
Post on 28-May-2015
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Mobile Technologies
• Introduction
• Basics of GSM
• Value Added Services
• SMS
• Short Codes
• Asterisk *
• LBS
Basic Unit of GSM Networks
GSM Components
• MSC – Mobile Switching Center• BSC – Base Station Controller• BTS – Base Transceiver Station• VLR – Visitor Location Register• HLR – Home Location Register• LMU – Location measurement Unit• SMLC – Serving mobile location center• GMLC – Gateway mobile location center
GSM Architecture
Base Station
VLRMSC
VLR MSC
HLR
land link
land link
Radio link
MSC – Mobile Switching Center
• Deliver Calls to Subscribers
• Uses VLR data to route calls
• Deliver SMS to handset from the SMSC
• Handles BSC to BSC Handovers
• Collect billing information
BSC – Base Station Controller
• Controls Many BTSs
• Allocates radio channels
• Handles BTS to BTS handovers
Basic Unit of GSM Networks
BTS – Base Transceiver Station
• Radio Base Station
• Handles the Wireless communication
• Transceiver
• Power Amplifier
• Antenna
BTS Sectors
Cell Management
HLR – Home Location Register
• Stores details of each SIM
• GSM services accessible to a subscriber
• Current roaming area
• Retrieves information from BSC
• Updates VLR
• Acts as the middle man for SMS and calls
VLR – Visitor Location Register
• Local cache for HLR
• Used to setup the call quickly
• Directly connected to the MSC
• Stores the MCC, MNC and cell ID
Call Establishment
GSM Network Elements
SS7
SMS – Different Types
• Point to Point
• Broadcast
SMS – Different Types
• User Specific
• ME Specific
• SIM Specific
SMSC
Mobile Originated SMS
Mobile Terminated SMS
SMS
Short Codes
• Pull Service
• Premium Billing
• Connects all mobile users
• Short Code Nation
Short Code Demo
Send GO JACOB to 3636
www.go3636.com
Short Code Architecture
Asterisk *
• Software PBX
• Open Source
• Written in C
• APIs are available for integration
• Supports many industry standards
What is a PBX
Local TelcoPBX
Local Telco
Asterisk at Work
Linux PC - AsteriskLocal Telco
Telephone Lines
IP Phone
IP Phone
Soft Phone
Desktop PC
Analog Phones
Intern
et
Soft Phone
Positioning Technologies
• Handset Based
• Network Based
• Hybrid
GPS
• Free To Use
• 24 Satellites in Orbit
• Maintained by US Defense
• NAVSTAR GPS
• NAVigation Satellite Timing And Ranging
• Minimum 3 Satellites needed for Positioning
GPS Satellites in Orbit
School Mathematics
Time Difference of Arrival
A-GPS
• GPS + Network
• Assistance Server
• Useful Where 3 Satellites are not in Range
• Speedy calculations
• Future Mobiles will have GPS Receivers
LMU – Location Measurement Unit
• Monitors Signals from BTS
• Monitors Satellite GPS Data
SMLC – Serving Mobile Location Center
• Coordinates the location calculation process
• Does calculation based on known values
• Converts the location information into Latitude and Longitude
GMLC – Gateway Mobile Location Center
• Provides External Access to Location Data
• Queries the SMLC to get the location information
• Authorization
• Billing
GSM Architecture with LBS
Location Based Services.
• Emergency services (911, 100, 101 etc)
• Traffic / Weather alerts
• Location sensitive advertising
• Destination maps
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