lab safety/hazard communications training presented by don
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Environmental Health and Safety
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Environmental Health and Safety
Texas A&M UniversityTexas A&M University--KingsvilleKingsvilleLab Safety/Hazard Lab Safety/Hazard
Communications TrainingCommunications Training
Presented by Presented by Don Don MarekMarek
Environmental Health and Safety
Topics Relative to Lab SafetyTopics Relative to Lab Safety
Why are we covering this?Why are we covering this?Material Safety Data Sheets (Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDSsMSDSs))Labeling and Marking SystemsLabeling and Marking SystemsMicroMicro--Biological SafetyBiological SafetyEmergency ProceduresEmergency ProceduresExperimental ProtocolExperimental Protocol
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Environmental Health and Safety
Hazard Communication ActHazard Communication Act
§ 502.009. EMPLOYEE EDUCATION PROGRAM. (a) An employer shall § 502.009. EMPLOYEE EDUCATION PROGRAM. (a) An employer shall provide an education and training program for employees who use provide an education and training program for employees who use or or handle hazardous chemicals.handle hazardous chemicals.
(b) An employer shall develop, implement, and maintain at the w(b) An employer shall develop, implement, and maintain at the workplace orkplace a written hazard communication program for the workplace that a written hazard communication program for the workplace that describes how the criteria specified in this chapter will be metdescribes how the criteria specified in this chapter will be met..
(c) An education and training program must include, as appropri(c) An education and training program must include, as appropriate: ate: (1) information on interpreting labels and(1) information on interpreting labels and MSDSsMSDSs and the relationship and the relationship
between those two methods of hazard communication;between those two methods of hazard communication;(2) the location by work area, acute and chronic effects, and s(2) the location by work area, acute and chronic effects, and safe handling afe handling
of hazardous chemicals known to be present in the employees' worof hazardous chemicals known to be present in the employees' work k area and to which the employees may be exposed;area and to which the employees may be exposed;
Environmental Health and Safety
Hazard Communication ActHazard Communication Act
(g) An employer shall keep the written hazard communication pro(g) An employer shall keep the written hazard communication program and a record gram and a record of each training session given to employees, including the date,of each training session given to employees, including the date, a roster of the a roster of the employees who attended, the subjects covered in the training sesemployees who attended, the subjects covered in the training session, and the sion, and the names of the instructors. Those records shall be maintained fornames of the instructors. Those records shall be maintained for at least five at least five years by the employer. The department shall have access to thosyears by the employer. The department shall have access to those records and e records and may interview employees during inspections.may interview employees during inspections.
(h) Emergency service organizations shall provide, to their mem(h) Emergency service organizations shall provide, to their members or employees bers or employees who may encounter hazardous chemicals during an emergency, inforwho may encounter hazardous chemicals during an emergency, information on mation on recognizing, evaluating, and controlling exposure to the chemicarecognizing, evaluating, and controlling exposure to the chemicals.ls.
(i) As part of an outreach program created in accordance with S(i) As part of an outreach program created in accordance with Section 502.008, the ection 502.008, the director shall develop an education and training assistance progdirector shall develop an education and training assistance program to assist ram to assist employers who are unable to develop the programs because of sizeemployers who are unable to develop the programs because of size or other or other practical considerations. The program shall be made available tpractical considerations. The program shall be made available to those o those employers on request.employers on request.
Acts 1989, 71st Leg.,Acts 1989, 71st Leg., chch. 678, § 1,. 678, § 1, effeff. Sept. 1, 1989. Renumbered from V.T.C.A., Health & Safety Code. Sept. 1, 1989. Renumbered from V.T.C.A., Health & Safety Code § 502.010 and amended by Acts 1993, 73rd § 502.010 and amended by Acts 1993, 73rd
Leg.,Leg., chch. 528, § 1,. 528, § 1, effeff. Sept. 1, 1993. Sept. 1, 1993..http://www.capitol.state.http://www.capitol.state.txtx.us/statutes/docs/HS/content/.us/statutes/docs/HS/content/htmhtm//hshs.006.00.000502.00..006.00.000502.00.htmhtm
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Environmental Health and Safety
Hazard Communication ActHazard Communication Act
(3) the proper use of protective equipment and first aid treatm(3) the proper use of protective equipment and first aid treatment to be used with ent to be used with respect to the hazardous chemicals to which the employees may berespect to the hazardous chemicals to which the employees may be exposed; exposed; andand
(4) general safety instructions on the handling, cleanup proced(4) general safety instructions on the handling, cleanup procedures, and disposal of ures, and disposal of hazardous chemicals.(d) Training may be conducted by categorieshazardous chemicals.(d) Training may be conducted by categories of of chemicals. An employer must advise employees that information ischemicals. An employer must advise employees that information is available on available on
the specific hazards of individual chemicals through thethe specific hazards of individual chemicals through the MSDSsMSDSs. Protective . Protective equipment and first aid treatment may be by categories of hazardequipment and first aid treatment may be by categories of hazardous chemicals.ous chemicals.
(e) An employer shall provide additional instruction to an empl(e) An employer shall provide additional instruction to an employee when the oyee when the potential for exposure to hazardous chemicals in the employee's potential for exposure to hazardous chemicals in the employee's work area work area increases significantly or when the employer receives new and siincreases significantly or when the employer receives new and significant gnificant information concerning the hazards of a chemical in the employeeinformation concerning the hazards of a chemical in the employee's work area. 's work area. The addition of new chemicals alone does not necessarily requireThe addition of new chemicals alone does not necessarily require additional additional training.training.
(f) An employer shall provide training to a new or newly assign(f) An employer shall provide training to a new or newly assigned employee before ed employee before the employee works with or in a work area containing a hazardousthe employee works with or in a work area containing a hazardous chemical.chemical.
Environmental Health and Safety
Texas A&M UniversityTexas A&M University--KingsvilleKingsville
Hazard CommunicationsHazard Communications
Material Safety Data Material Safety Data SheetsSheets
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Environmental Health and Safety
Hazard CommunicationsHazard CommunicationsMaterial Safety Data SheetsMaterial Safety Data Sheets
•• Company Company InformationInformation
•• Hazardous Hazardous IngredientsIngredients
•• Physical DataPhysical Data•• Fire and Explosion Fire and Explosion
DataData•• Health Hazard DataHealth Hazard Data
•• Reactivity DataReactivity Data•• Spill & Leak Spill & Leak
ProceduresProcedures•• Special Protection Special Protection
InformationInformation•• Special PrecautionsSpecial Precautions
Environmental Health and Safety
Environmental Health and Safety
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Environmental Health and Safety
Material Safety Data Sheets:Material Safety Data Sheets:Your RightsYour Rights
These These MSDSsMSDSs must be available to must be available to you the entire time you are in the you the entire time you are in the workplace.workplace.
Environmental Health and Safety
Material Safety Data Sheets:Material Safety Data Sheets:Your RightsYour Rights
If you request to see a copy of If you request to see a copy of an MSDS for a product you an MSDS for a product you use, and your employer use, and your employer cannot provide it; after one cannot provide it; after one working day, you may refuse working day, you may refuse to use that product or work to use that product or work in an area where it is being in an area where it is being used.used.
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Environmental Health and Safety
MSDS Sheets Available on the MSDS Sheets Available on the InternetInternet
Chemical companies provided MSDS Chemical companies provided MSDS information. Here is a list of government information. Here is a list of government and private sites:and private sites:
http://www.http://www.ilpiilpi.com/.com/msdsmsds//
Environmental Health and Safety
Texas A&M UniversityTexas A&M University--KingsvilleKingsvilleHazard CommunicationsHazard Communications
Labeling and Marking Labeling and Marking SystemsSystems
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Environmental Health and Safety
Labeling: Hazard Labeling: Hazard Communication ActCommunication Act
§ § 502.007. LABEL. 502.007. LABEL. (a) A label on an existing container of a hazardous chemical ma(a) A label on an existing container of a hazardous chemical may not be removed y not be removed
or defaced unless it is illegible, inaccurate, or does not confoor defaced unless it is illegible, inaccurate, or does not conform to the OSHA rm to the OSHA standard or other applicable labeling requirement. Primary contstandard or other applicable labeling requirement. Primary containers must be ainers must be relabeled with at least the identity appearing on the MSDS, the relabeled with at least the identity appearing on the MSDS, the pertinent pertinent physical and health hazards, including the organs that would be physical and health hazards, including the organs that would be affected, and affected, and the manufacturer's name and address. Except as provided by Substhe manufacturer's name and address. Except as provided by Subsection (b), ection (b), secondary containers must be relabeled with at least the identitsecondary containers must be relabeled with at least the identity appearing on y appearing on the MSDS and appropriate hazard warnings.the MSDS and appropriate hazard warnings.
(b) An employee may not be required to work with a hazardous ch(b) An employee may not be required to work with a hazardous chemical from an emical from an unlabeled container except for a portable container intended forunlabeled container except for a portable container intended for the immediate the immediate use of the employee who performs the transfer.use of the employee who performs the transfer.
Acts 1989, 71st Leg.,Acts 1989, 71st Leg., chch. 678, § 1,. 678, § 1, effeff. Sept. 1, 1989. Amended by Acts 1993, 73rd Leg.,. Sept. 1, 1989. Amended by Acts 1993, 73rd Leg., chch. 528, § . 528, § 1,1, effeff. Sept. 1, 1993.. Sept. 1, 1993.
Environmental Health and Safety
Hazard CommunicationsHazard CommunicationsLabeling and Marking Labeling and Marking
SystemsSystems
NFPA (National Fire Protection NFPA (National Fire Protection Association) DiamondsAssociation) DiamondsHMIS (Hazardous Material Identity HMIS (Hazardous Material Identity System) LabelsSystem) LabelsUniform Laboratory Hazard Signage Uniform Laboratory Hazard Signage SystemSystem
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Environmental Health and Safety
Labeling and Marking Labeling and Marking SystemsSystems
NFPA DiamondsNFPA DiamondsColor coded, Color coded, numerical rating numerical rating systemsystemWill be located near Will be located near main entrances, fire main entrances, fire alarm panels, or on alarm panels, or on outside entrance outside entrance doorsdoorsProvide atProvide at--aa--glance glance hazard informationhazard information
Environmental Health and Safety
Labeling and Marking Labeling and Marking SystemsSystems
NFPA DiamondsNFPA DiamondsBlue = HealthBlue = HealthRed = FlammabilityRed = FlammabilityYellow = InstabilityYellow = InstabilityWhite = Special White = Special hazard informationhazard information
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Environmental Health and Safety
Labeling and Marking Labeling and Marking SystemsSystems
NFPA DiamondsNFPA Diamonds4= Deadly Hazard4= Deadly Hazard3= Severe Hazard3= Severe Hazard2= Moderate Hazard2= Moderate Hazard1= Slight Hazard1= Slight Hazard0= No Hazard0= No Hazard
Environmental Health and Safety
Labeling and Marking Systems Labeling and Marking Systems HMIS (Hazardous Material Identity HMIS (Hazardous Material Identity
System) LabelsSystem) LabelsDesigned to go on Designed to go on individual containers individual containers of products that of products that don’t have don’t have manufacturer’s manufacturer’s labelslabelsSame color Same color code/numerical code/numerical rating system as the rating system as the NFPA diamondsNFPA diamonds
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Environmental Health and Safety
Labeling and Marking Labeling and Marking Systems HMIS LabelsSystems HMIS Labels
Blue = HealthBlue = HealthRed = FlammabilityRed = FlammabilityYellow = InstabilityYellow = InstabilityWhite = Personal White = Personal Protective Equipment or Protective Equipment or special protection special protection informationinformationNumerical Rating of 0Numerical Rating of 0--44
Environmental Health and Safety
HMISHMIS--PPE (white part label)PPE (white part label)
A = Safety glassesA = Safety glassesB = Safety glasses, glovesB = Safety glasses, glovesC = Safety glasses, gloves, chemical apronC = Safety glasses, gloves, chemical apronD = Face shield, gloves, chemical apronD = Face shield, gloves, chemical apronE = Safety glasses, gloves, dust respiratorE = Safety glasses, gloves, dust respiratorF = safety glasses, gloves, chemical apron, dust respiratorF = safety glasses, gloves, chemical apron, dust respiratorG = Safety glasses, gloves, vapor respiratorG = Safety glasses, gloves, vapor respiratorH = Splash goggles, gloves, chemical apron, vapor respiratorH = Splash goggles, gloves, chemical apron, vapor respiratorI = Safety glasses, gloves, dust and vapor respiratorI = Safety glasses, gloves, dust and vapor respiratorJ = Splash goggles, gloves, chemical apron, dust and vapor J = Splash goggles, gloves, chemical apron, dust and vapor
respiratorrespiratorK = Air line hood or mask, gloves, full chemical suit, bootsK = Air line hood or mask, gloves, full chemical suit, bootsX = Ask SupervisorX = Ask Supervisor
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Environmental Health and Safety
Labeling and Marking Labeling and Marking SystemsSystems
You should never have any You should never have any unattended, unlabeled unattended, unlabeled
containers in your workplace!containers in your workplace!
Environmental Health and Safety
LabelingLabeling
For collected samples and prepared For collected samples and prepared solutions, write chemical name in long solutions, write chemical name in long hand, date mixed, your name, and hand, date mixed, your name, and professor.professor.
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Environmental Health and Safety
Labeling and Marking Labeling and Marking SystemsSystems
Uniform Laboratory SignageUniform Laboratory SignageLocated on Located on laboratory and laboratory and chemical storage chemical storage area doorsarea doorsPictographs depict Pictographs depict worst hazards worst hazards present in lab or present in lab or areaarea
Environmental Health and Safety
Warning SignsWarning Signs
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Environmental Health and Safety
Hazard CommunicationsHazard CommunicationsThe Written PlanThe Written Plan
A copy is available in each laboratory and A copy is available in each laboratory and online.online.
Environmental Health and Safety
Hazard CommunicationsHazard CommunicationsThe Written PlanThe Written Plan
If you are exposed to a hazardous If you are exposed to a hazardous substance at work or injured, substance at work or injured, you should report it to your you should report it to your
supervisor who will complete an supervisor who will complete an “Employee Exposure Report “Employee Exposure Report
Form”Form”
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Environmental Health and Safety
Chemical Inventory ListChemical Inventory List
•• Chemical Inventory Lists (Chemical Inventory Lists (CILsCILs) are ) are available online in the Public Folder called available online in the Public Folder called ““DeptlabinfoDeptlabinfo” under CHEMICAL ” under CHEMICAL INVENTORY.INVENTORY.
•• I can’t maintain this list alone. If you order I can’t maintain this list alone. If you order a chemical, please tell me so it can be a chemical, please tell me so it can be added to the list. I must submit this list to added to the list. I must submit this list to the university’s Environmental Health and the university’s Environmental Health and Safety Department once a year. Safety Department once a year.
•• PLEASE do not move chemicals around PLEASE do not move chemicals around from room to room. If you use it, put it back!from room to room. If you use it, put it back!
Environmental Health and Safety
Good Laboratory PracticesGood Laboratory Practices
•• No smoking, food or beverages in the labsNo smoking, food or beverages in the labs•• Required PPE must be worn while in the lab Required PPE must be worn while in the lab
(goggles, gloves, close toed shoes, long pants)(goggles, gloves, close toed shoes, long pants)•• Aisles & exits are free from obstructionAisles & exits are free from obstruction•• Lab benches must be cleaned, disinfected or Lab benches must be cleaned, disinfected or
decontaminated after work is completeddecontaminated after work is completed•• Do not use hoods for storageDo not use hoods for storage•• Work surface is protected from contaminationWork surface is protected from contamination•• Heavy objects are confined to lower shelvesHeavy objects are confined to lower shelves•• Glassware is free from crack, breaks or chipsGlassware is free from crack, breaks or chips•• Broken glass containers are not usedBroken glass containers are not used
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Environmental Health and Safety
Messy LabMessy Lab
Environmental Health and Safety
Cleanup after Cleanup after yourself!yourself!
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Environmental Health and Safety
General Safe Handling ProceduresGeneral Safe Handling Procedures
•• Date chemicals upon receiptDate chemicals upon receipt•• Store chemicals according to hazard class Store chemicals according to hazard class --
NOT alphabeticallyNOT alphabetically•• No breakable containers on floorNo breakable containers on floor•• No hazardous chemicals above 5’6”No hazardous chemicals above 5’6”•• Minimize chemicals stored in the areaMinimize chemicals stored in the area•• Keep chemical labels in good conditionKeep chemical labels in good condition
Environmental Health and Safety
You are the expertYou are the expert on the hazards on the hazards of materials in your possession.of materials in your possession.
•• know properties ofknow properties of biologicalsbiologicals/chemicals you use /chemicals you use beforebefore you handle themyou handle them
•• Know what appropriate work practices are & use Know what appropriate work practices are & use themthem
•• know what the know what the worst case scenarioworst case scenario is for a spill of the is for a spill of the chemicals you usechemicals you use
•• Think about Think about how you will reacthow you will react to a spill of the to a spill of the materials you usematerials you use
•• know what appropriate cleanknow what appropriate clean--up procedures are for up procedures are for the materials you usethe materials you use
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Environmental Health and Safety
Nuisance SpillsNuisance Spills
Spills of less than 4L of material that Spills of less than 4L of material that you know the hazards of and are you know the hazards of and are comfortable cleaning up thatcomfortable cleaning up thatyou have the ability to clean upyou have the ability to clean up
assess the hazardassess the hazardwear appropriate PPEwear appropriate PPE
If you are unsure of the hazard of a spill or need If you are unsure of the hazard of a spill or need assistance with PPE selection, assistance with PPE selection,
call Safetycall Safety
Environmental Health and Safety
Potentially Hazardous SpillsPotentially Hazardous Spills
Spills ofSpills of–– greater than 4Lgreater than 4L–– smaller spills of materials ofsmaller spills of materials of
low LDlow LD50 50
carcinogenscarcinogensflammable liquids or metalsflammable liquids or metalscompounds of unknown toxicitycompounds of unknown toxicity
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Environmental Health and Safety
Clean Up ProceduresClean Up Procedures
Have a clean up kit with the following:Have a clean up kit with the following:•• Absorbent materialAbsorbent material•• Plastic scoopPlastic scoop•• Several plastic bagsSeveral plastic bags•• Sodium bicarbonate and citric acidSodium bicarbonate and citric acid•• Chemically resistant gloves and gogglesChemically resistant gloves and goggles•• 55--gallon plastic bucketgallon plastic bucket
Environmental Health and Safety
Preventing SpillsPreventing Spills
Eliminate clutterEliminate clutterKnow proper work practices for Know proper work practices for biological, chemical materials you usebiological, chemical materials you useUse unbreakable secondary containersUse unbreakable secondary containersStore chemicals properlyStore chemicals properlyDispose of waste and excess chemicals Dispose of waste and excess chemicals in a timely mannerin a timely manner
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Environmental Health and Safety
PreparationPreparation
•• What are the physical and toxicological What are the physical and toxicological properties of the biological and chemical properties of the biological and chemical materials you use?materials you use?
•• What is the worst thing that could happen if What is the worst thing that could happen if you dropped/spilled a bottle of each chemical you dropped/spilled a bottle of each chemical you use?you use?–– inconvenienceinconvenience–– skin burnsskin burns–– firefire–– chemical exposure ( fatality? permanent injury?)chemical exposure ( fatality? permanent injury?)
Environmental Health and Safety
NIOSH Pocket Guide to NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards (NPG)Chemical Hazards (NPG)
http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/npg/npg.htmlhttp://www.cdc.gov/niosh/npg/npg.html
The NPG is intended as a source of general industrial The NPG is intended as a source of general industrial hygiene information on several hundred hygiene information on several hundred chemicals/classes for workers, employers, and chemicals/classes for workers, employers, and occupational health professionals. The NPG does not occupational health professionals. The NPG does not contain an analysis of all pertinent data, rather it contain an analysis of all pertinent data, rather it presents key information and data in abbreviated or presents key information and data in abbreviated or tabular form for chemicals or substance groupings tabular form for chemicals or substance groupings (e.g. cyanides, fluorides, manganese compounds) (e.g. cyanides, fluorides, manganese compounds) that are found in the work environment. The that are found in the work environment. The information found in the NPG should help users information found in the NPG should help users recognize and control occupational chemical recognize and control occupational chemical hazards.hazards.
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Environmental Health and Safety
Waste DisposalWaste Disposal
•• Separate waste streams by typeSeparate waste streams by type (biological, (biological, chemical)chemical)
•• Use approved containers for each Use approved containers for each waste streamwaste stream
•• Label all containers with approved Label all containers with approved labelslabels
•• Do not allow waste to accumulate on Do not allow waste to accumulate on floors, in corners or under shelvesfloors, in corners or under shelves
Environmental Health and Safety
Chemical StorageChemical Storage
•• Incompatible materials must be segregatedIncompatible materials must be segregated•• Corrosives & flammables must be stored Corrosives & flammables must be stored
below eye levelbelow eye level•• Unused & outdated materials must be Unused & outdated materials must be
disposed of properlydisposed of properly•• Safety carriers must be used to transport all Safety carriers must be used to transport all
chemicalschemicals•• Lab carts must have side railsLab carts must have side rails
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Environmental Health and Safety
Caustic Chemical HazardsCaustic Chemical Hazards
•• Acids & Bases (organic and inorganic) Acids & Bases (organic and inorganic) •• ex. :ex. : HClHCl, Nitric Acid,, Nitric Acid, NaOHNaOH, phenol,, phenol,
triethylaminetriethylamine•• skin burnsskin burns•• permanent eye damagepermanent eye damage•• inhalation hazardsinhalation hazards•• Know the differences in hazards between Know the differences in hazards between
concentrated vs. dilute solutionsconcentrated vs. dilute solutions
Environmental Health and Safety
Wooden Cabinet Wooden Cabinet with Secondary Containmentwith Secondary Containment
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Environmental Health and Safety
Flammable Storage CabinetFlammable Storage Cabinet
Environmental Health and Safety
Flammability HazardsFlammability Hazards
•• Location, location, locationLocation, location, location•• Ignition sourcesIgnition sources•• VentilationVentilation•• Other fuels in the areaOther fuels in the area
–– Don’t store more than 10 gallons of Don’t store more than 10 gallons of flammable liquids outside of flammable flammable liquids outside of flammable liquid storage cabinets per laboratoryliquid storage cabinets per laboratory
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Environmental Health and Safety
Flammables and CombustiblesFlammables and Combustibles
•• Keep container closed when not in useKeep container closed when not in use•• Do not use near open flame or ignition sourceDo not use near open flame or ignition source•• Flammable liquids:Flammable liquids:
–– Store in flammable storage cabinetsStore in flammable storage cabinets–– Ground and bond containers over 5 gallonsGround and bond containers over 5 gallons–– Refrigerate in a Refrigerate in a lab safe lab safe refrigerator if refrigerator if
necessarynecessary
Environmental Health and Safety
Flash PointFlash Point -- The lowest temperature at which a The lowest temperature at which a liquid has sufficient vapor pressure to form an liquid has sufficient vapor pressure to form an
ignitable mixture with air near the surface of the ignitable mixture with air near the surface of the liquidliquid
Chemical Flash PointAcetone -2.2 FAcetonitrile 42.0 FMethanol 51.8 FDiethyl Ether - 54.0 FGasoline - 45.0 F
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Environmental Health and Safety
ReactivesReactives
•• Store in isolation from other chemicalsStore in isolation from other chemicals•• Make efforts to substitute with less hazardous Make efforts to substitute with less hazardous
materialsmaterials•• Dispose of peroxide forming compounds within Dispose of peroxide forming compounds within
one year if not opened; if opened, dispose within one year if not opened; if opened, dispose within 6 months unless regularly tested for absence of 6 months unless regularly tested for absence of peroxidesperoxides
•• Make sureMake sure pyrophoricspyrophorics and waterand water reactivesreactives are are sufficiently covered by their solventsufficiently covered by their solvent
•• Keep picric acid moistKeep picric acid moist
Environmental Health and Safety
OxidizersOxidizers
Oxidizers are substances that increase the Oxidizers are substances that increase the burning of fuels by increasing the oxygen.burning of fuels by increasing the oxygen.
Organic peroxidesOrganic peroxides
Other oxidizersOther oxidizers concentrated nitric acid,concentrated nitric acid,sodium sodium hypocholoritehypocholorite (bleach)(bleach)
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Environmental Health and Safety
OxidizersOxidizers
Health HazardsHealth HazardsAcute Effects Acute Effects -- inflammation/destruction of inflammation/destruction of
tissue, severe irritation of the upper tissue, severe irritation of the upper respiratory tract, irritation of nose and eyesrespiratory tract, irritation of nose and eyes
Chronic Effects Chronic Effects -- damage to the nervous damage to the nervous system, fertility disorders, carcinogenic system, fertility disorders, carcinogenic (chromium compounds)(chromium compounds)
Environmental Health and Safety
Flammables and CombustiblesFlammables and Combustibles
Health HazardsHealth HazardsAcute Effects Acute Effects -- headache, dizziness, nausea, headache, dizziness, nausea, dry and irritated skin, watery and stinging dry and irritated skin, watery and stinging eyes, inflammation of eyelids.eyes, inflammation of eyelids.Chronic Effects Chronic Effects -- general damage to lungs, general damage to lungs, liver, kidneys, possible cancer risk.liver, kidneys, possible cancer risk.
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Environmental Health and Safety
Compressed GasesCompressed Gases
Physical Hazards:Physical Hazards:•• Sudden release of gas may propel cylinder at Sudden release of gas may propel cylinder at
high speeds with extreme forcehigh speeds with extreme force
Health Hazards:Health Hazards:•• Varies based on gas in cylinderVaries based on gas in cylinder•• Check MSDS for specific health hazardsCheck MSDS for specific health hazards
Environmental Health and Safety
Compressed GasesCompressed Gases
•• Ventilate area where gases are usedVentilate area where gases are used•• Identify cylinders by name, not colorIdentify cylinders by name, not color•• Firmly close valve when not in useFirmly close valve when not in use•• Keep safety cap on cylinder when not in useKeep safety cap on cylinder when not in use•• Firmly secure cylinders during storage and Firmly secure cylinders during storage and
useuse
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Environmental Health and Safety
RadioactivityRadioactivity
•• At this time, the department does not At this time, the department does not directly work with radioactive materials directly work with radioactive materials of any type.of any type.
•• (3) Gas Chromatographs do have a (3) Gas Chromatographs do have a small Nismall Ni--63 source for the ECD which is 63 source for the ECD which is marked. The source, when disposed, is marked. The source, when disposed, is classified as Low Level Radioactive classified as Low Level Radioactive WasteWaste
Environmental Health and Safety
MicroMicro--Biological SafetyBiological Safety
1.1. Treat all microorganisms as potential pathogens.Treat all microorganisms as potential pathogens.2.2. Sterilize equipment and materials.Sterilize equipment and materials. All materials, media, All materials, media,
tubes, plates, loops, needles,tubes, plates, loops, needles, pipetespipetes, and other items used for , and other items used for culturing microorganisms should be sterilized by autoclaving. culturing microorganisms should be sterilized by autoclaving. Otherwise, use commercially sterilized products. Understand Otherwise, use commercially sterilized products. Understand the operation and safe use of all equipment and materials the operation and safe use of all equipment and materials needed for the laboratory.needed for the laboratory.
3.3. Disinfect work areas before and after use.Disinfect work areas before and after use. Use a Use a disinfectant, such as a 10% bleach or 70% ethanol solution, to disinfectant, such as a 10% bleach or 70% ethanol solution, to wipe down benches and work areas both before and after wipe down benches and work areas both before and after working with cultures. working with cultures.
4.4. Wash your hands.Wash your hands. Use a disinfectant soap to wash your Use a disinfectant soap to wash your hands before and after working with microorganisms.hands before and after working with microorganisms.NondisinfectantNondisinfectant soap will remove surface bacteria and can be soap will remove surface bacteria and can be used if disinfectant soap is not available. Gloves may be worn used if disinfectant soap is not available. Gloves may be worn as extra protection.as extra protection.
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Environmental Health and Safety
Microbiological Safety (cont.)Microbiological Safety (cont.)
5.5. Never Never pipetepipete by mouth.by mouth.6.6. Do not eat or drink in the lab,Do not eat or drink in the lab, nor store food in nor store food in
areas where microorganisms are stored. Never eat areas where microorganisms are stored. Never eat or drink in the laboratory while working with or drink in the laboratory while working with microorganisms. microorganisms.
7.7. Label everything clearly.Label everything clearly. All cultures, chemicals, All cultures, chemicals, disinfectant, and medias should be clearly and disinfectant, and medias should be clearly and securely labeled with their names and dates. If they securely labeled with their names and dates. If they are hazardous, label them with proper warning and are hazardous, label them with proper warning and hazardous information. hazardous information.
Environmental Health and Safety
Microbiological Safety (cont).Microbiological Safety (cont).
9.9. Autoclave or disinfect all waste material.Autoclave or disinfect all waste material. All items to be discarded All items to be discarded after a class, such as culture tubes, culture plates, swabs, after a class, such as culture tubes, culture plates, swabs, toothpicks, wipes, disposable transfer needles, and gloves, shoutoothpicks, wipes, disposable transfer needles, and gloves, should ld be placed in a biohazard autoclave bag and autoclaved 30 to 40 be placed in a biohazard autoclave bag and autoclaved 30 to 40 minutes at 121° C at 20 pounds of pressure. If no autoclave is minutes at 121° C at 20 pounds of pressure. If no autoclave is available and you are not working with pathogens, the materials available and you are not working with pathogens, the materials can can be covered with a 10% bleach solution and allowed to soak for atbe covered with a 10% bleach solution and allowed to soak for atleast 1 to 2 hours.least 1 to 2 hours.
10.10. Clean up spills with care. Cover any spills or broken culture Clean up spills with care. Cover any spills or broken culture tubes with a 70% ethanol or 10% bleach solution; then cover tubes with a 70% ethanol or 10% bleach solution; then cover with paper towels.with paper towels. After allowing the spill to sit with the disinfectant After allowing the spill to sit with the disinfectant for a short time, carefully clean up and place the materials in for a short time, carefully clean up and place the materials in a a biohazard autoclave bag to be autoclaved. Wash the area again wibiohazard autoclave bag to be autoclaved. Wash the area again with th disinfectant. Never pick up glass fragments with your fingers ordisinfectant. Never pick up glass fragments with your fingers or stick stick your fingers into the culture itself; instead, use a brush and dyour fingers into the culture itself; instead, use a brush and dustpan. ustpan. If working with animal or plant pathogens, keep the area clear aIf working with animal or plant pathogens, keep the area clear and nd notify your instructor.notify your instructor.
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Environmental Health and Safety
BiosafetyBiosafety Level 1:Level 1:
oo A basic level of containment that relies on standard A basic level of containment that relies on standard microbiological practices with no special primary or secondary microbiological practices with no special primary or secondary barriers recommended, other than a sink forbarriers recommended, other than a sink for handwashinghandwashing..
oo Biosafety Biosafety Level 1 practices, safety equipment and facilities are Level 1 practices, safety equipment and facilities are appropriate for undergraduate and secondary educational trainingappropriate for undergraduate and secondary educational training and and teaching laboratories. Moreover, it classifies other facilities teaching laboratories. Moreover, it classifies other facilities where work where work is done on defined and characterized strains of viable microorgais done on defined and characterized strains of viable microorganisms nisms not known to cause disease in healthy adult humans. Bacillusnot known to cause disease in healthy adult humans. Bacillus subtilussubtilus,,Naegleria gruberiandNaegleria gruberiand the infectious canine hepatitis virus are the infectious canine hepatitis virus are representative of those microorganisms meeting these criteria. Mrepresentative of those microorganisms meeting these criteria. Many any agents not ordinarily associated with disease processes in humanagents not ordinarily associated with disease processes in humans are, s are, however, opportunistic pathogens that may cause infection in thehowever, opportunistic pathogens that may cause infection in theyoung, the aged andyoung, the aged and immunodeficientimmunodeficient oror immunosuppressedimmunosuppressedindividuals. Vaccine strains which have undergone multiple inindividuals. Vaccine strains which have undergone multiple in--vivo vivo passages should not be consideredpassages should not be considered avirulentavirulent simply because they are simply because they are strains.strains.
Environmental Health and Safety
Emergency ProceduresEmergency Procedures
Prepare yourself by:Prepare yourself by:•• Reading the MSDS prior to useReading the MSDS prior to use•• Know where emergency equipment is Know where emergency equipment is
locatedlocated--eyewash, shower, first aid kit, fire eyewash, shower, first aid kit, fire extinguisherextinguisher
•• South Texas Poison CenterSouth Texas Poison Center--Emergency Emergency Phone: (800) 222Phone: (800) 222--12221222
•• Emergency contact numbers: Fire, UPD 911, Emergency contact numbers: Fire, UPD 911, (2611)(2611)
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Environmental Health and Safety
Emergency ProceduresEmergency Procedures
CHEMICAL CONTACTCHEMICAL CONTACT•• Flush eyes for 15 to 20 minutesFlush eyes for 15 to 20 minutes•• Flush from inside to outsideFlush from inside to outside•• Do not apply neutralizers or creamsDo not apply neutralizers or creams•• Seek medical attentionSeek medical attention
Environmental Health and Safety
Emergency ProceduresEmergency Procedures
CHEMICAL CONTACT WITH SKINCHEMICAL CONTACT WITH SKIN•• Remove contaminated clothingRemove contaminated clothing•• Flush the skin for 15 to 20 minutesFlush the skin for 15 to 20 minutes•• Do not scrub affected areaDo not scrub affected area•• Do not put on contaminated clothingDo not put on contaminated clothing•• Seek medical attentionSeek medical attention
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Environmental Health and Safety
Emergency ProceduresEmergency Procedures
INHALATION OF CHEMICAL VAPORSINHALATION OF CHEMICAL VAPORS•• Get to fresh air immediatelyGet to fresh air immediately•• Seek medical attentionSeek medical attentionINGESTION OF CHEMICALSINGESTION OF CHEMICALS•• Seek medical attention immediatelySeek medical attention immediately
Environmental Health and Safety
Experimental ProtocolExperimental Protocol
•• Research chemicals you will be using (MSDS Research chemicals you will be using (MSDS Sheets, NIOSH Pocket Guide)Sheets, NIOSH Pocket Guide)
•• Substitute a nonSubstitute a non--carcinogenic compound carcinogenic compound whenever possible (ENGINEER the whenever possible (ENGINEER the experiment).experiment).
•• Know procedure to handle chemical spills Know procedure to handle chemical spills and materials on hand before beginning.and materials on hand before beginning.
•• Know emergency proceduresKnow emergency procedures..
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Environmental Health and Safety
Chemical InjuriesChemical Injuries
Acid Burn of Arm
Alkali Burn
Blisters caused by ethyl aziridinyl formate
Environmental Health and Safety
Chemical Eye InjuriesChemical Eye Injuries
Severe Acid (left) and Mild Acid Injury
Mild Alkali InjurySevere Alkali Injury
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