iconographia mycologicaverona — benedek (†)

ICONOGRAPHIA MYCOLOGICA VERONA -- BENEDEK ( t )

LIST OF PLATES TO S U P P L E M E N T XLIV 1)

A. Fungi imperfecti

1096 Gen. Taeniospora MARVANOVA

1097 Gen. Myrioconium SYDOW

1098 Gen. Cristulariella v. HOHNEL

1099 Gen, Dictyospiropes M. B. ELLIS

t t00 Gen. Acladium LINK

1101 Gen. Blastodictys M. B. ELLIS

1102 Gen. Janetia M. B. ELLIS

1103 Gen. Dictyopolyschema M. B. ELLIS

1104 Gen. Paradendryphiopsis M. B. ELLIS

1105 Gen. Taeniolina M. B. ELLIS

1106 Gen. Paraphaeoisaria DE HOOG &

MORGAN-JONES

1107 Gen. Ardhachandra SUBR. & SUDHA

1108 Gen. Tretospora M. B. ELUS

1109 Gen. Dendryphiosphaera LUNGH. &

Sapro- Phyto- Zoo- phyte pathogen pathogen

Indus- trial

1) The sign (+)means exclusively or ~prevalent; the sign ( - ) means limited only to some species.

Sapro- phyte

1110 Gen. Mycocentrospora DEIGHTON

1111 Gen. Mycochlamys MARCHAND & CABRAL "~

l 112 Gen. Cystodendron BUBAK

] 113 Gen. Hormoconis v. ARX & DE WRIES +

1114 Gen. Mammaria CESATI +

1115 Gen. Agaricostilbum WRIGHT

1116 Gen. Pesotum CRANE & SCHOK

1117 Gen. Sclerococcus FRIES

1118 Gen. Parapericonia M. B. ELLIS

1119 Gen. Dendrodochium BON. +

C. Ascomycetes

836 Gen. Verpatinia WHETZEL & DRAYTON +

837 Gen. Echinula GRADDON q-

838 Gen. Encoelia (FR.) KARSTEN +

839 Ge Ciboria FUCKEL +

840 Gen. Ciboriopsis DENNIS +

841 Gen. Abrothallus D~ NOTARt

842 Gen. Diehliomyces GILKEY +

843 Gen. Aphanoascus ZUKAL +

Phyto- Zoo- pathogen pathogen

Indus- trial

Sapro- Phyto-

phyte pathogen

844 Gen. Germslitospora LODHA +

845 Gen. Preussiella LODHA +

846 Gen. Coprotiella JONG & K~UG +

847 Gen. CarestielIa BRES. +

848 Gen. Schizoxylon P~RS. +

849 Gen. Nanostictis M. S. CumST. +

850 Gen. Cryptodiscus CORDA +

851 Gen. Phacidina v. H6hnel +

852 Gen. Hypodermellina v. H6HNEL +

853 Gen. Hatosarpheia J. & E. KOHLM. +

854 Gen. Kretzschmaria FR. +

855 Gen. Pseudocochliobolus TSUDA et al. +

856 Gen. Magnaporthe KRAUSE & W~BSTER +

857 Gen. Lapadostoma (NITSCH.) TRAY. +

858 Gen. Diachora J. MOLLER +

859 Gen. Ophiodothella v. HOHNEL +

860 Gen. Mesniera SACC. & SYD. +

861 Gen. Trichothyrina PETRAK + +

Zoo * pathogen

[ndus~ trial

F U N G I I M P E R F E C T I

M O N I L I A L E S M O N I L I A C E A E

S A P R O P H Y T E

Gen. Taeniospora MARVANOVA

I C O N O G R A P H I A M Y C O L O G I C A

V E R O N A - - B E N E D E K

Plate A 1096

Mycelium hyaline, septate, branched, with clamp-connexions, binucle- ate. Conidiophores lateral or apical, simple. Conidiogenous cells holoblastic, capable of sympodial elongation through the subapical growth on the opposite side of the clamp-connexion. Conidia acrogenous, tetraradiate, formed first by one axis then with two branches producing central septum with a clamp-connexion. Branches sympodially growing; superior one appears first, then the lower one.

Note: The genus is similar to Ingoldiella SHAW, but differs from it.

In the plate: T. gracilis MARVANOVA (conidia in various stages of development) (from the A.)

Ref. :

MARVANOV~, L. (1977) Taeniospora gracilis gen. et. sp. nov. Trans. Br. mycol. Soc., 69: 146-148.

M O N I L I A L E S M O N I L I A C E A E

S A P R O P H Y T E ( P H Y T O P A T H O G E N ? )

Gen. Myrioconium SYDOW

t C O N O G R A P H t A M Y C O L O G I C A

Plate A 1097

Aerial mycelium white to dilute brown with age, loosely branched. Phialides hyaline arising laterally or the ends of short branches from a subglobose enlarged cell which arises from the side of the main hypha. Conidia globose, 1-celled, hyaline, often aggregate in globose clusters.

Note: Botryophialophora LINDER and Cristulariella v. HOHNEL are considered synonyms by YON ARX. According to CHARM~CHAEL the genus is synonym also of Rhacodiella PEYR. The synonymy with Cristulariella (see) is discussed by SCOTT A. R~DnEAD. The genus represent the conidial state of Scterotinia, or Ciboria, or Rutstroemia.

In the plate: M. marina (redrawn from BARGHOORN and LINDER as Botryophialophora)

Ref. :

BARGHOORN, E. S., LINDER, D. H. (1944) - Marine fungi:their taxonomy and biology. Farlowia, t : 395-467.

.... .i~

F U N G I I M P E R F E C T I M O N I L I A L E S

M O N I L I A C E A E

P I t Y T O P A T H O G E N

Gen. C r i s t u l a r i e l l a v. HOHNEL emend. S. A. REDHEAD

VERONA - - BENEDEK

P l a t e A 1098

Fungi imperfecti, foliar parasites producing epiphyllous propagules, Propagules multicellular, subglobose and slightly flattened to disc- shaped, or cone-shaped, hyaline, becoming brown with age, internally branched. Branches densely compacted, composed of clavate or subglobose cells formed by primary and secondary budding mainly in a radial direction away from an inflated central cell or an erect septate central hypha (a continuation of the propagulophore). Propagulophore hyaline, erect, septate, uniseriate, solitary, tapering acropetally. Propa- gules separating from the propagulophores at a constricted basal septum.

Note: The structures characteristic of this genus are difficult to inter- pret. Considering that the most known species (Cr. depraedans (CooK) v. HOt, NEE) in culture produces phialidic structures similar to Myrioconium SVDOW, VON ARX reports Cristulariella synonym of Myrioconium. S. A. REDHEAD on the contrary considers Cristulariella a valid genus and gives a new diagnosis. Several species of the genus produces on different hosts leaves spots. One of these species produces a phytotoxic substance (KURIAN et al.).

Ref. :

Sco'rr A. REDHEAD (1975) --The genus Cristulariella. Can J. Bot., 53: 700-707. voN ARx, J. A. (1970) - The genera of fungi sporulating in pure culture. J. Cramer, Germany. KURIAN, P., ST~LZIG, D. A., BANmCKI, J. F. (1977) - Toxin production by Cristu- lariella pyramidalis. Mycologia, 69: 1203-1206.

In the plate: Cr. depraedans (COOKE) V. HOHNEL 1. Longitudinal section through the propagule center. A, swollen center cells; B, whorl cells; C, secondary branches; D, basal cell, and E, branches growing inward and then up to fill the apical gap; F, propagulophore. 2. Cross section parallel to the substrate surface through the propagule center. (from S. A. REDHEAD)

M O N I L I A L E S

D E M A T I A C E A E

P H Y T O P A T H O G E N (?)

Gen. D i c t y o s p i r o p e s M.B. ELLIS

I C O N O G R A P H I A M Y C O E O G I C A

Plate A 1099

Colonies effuse, dark brown, hairy. Mycelium composed of branched, septate, more or less brown, smooth or verruculose hyphae. Conidio- phores macronematous, mononematous, simple, straight or slightly flexuous, septate, blackish brown, smooth, with large scars towards the apex. Conidiogenous cells integrated, terminal, polyblastic, sympodial, cicatrized. Conidia acropleurogenous, simple, obclavate, rostrate, muriform, dark brown, paler towards the apex, smooth or verruculose.

Note: The genus differs from Spiropes CIF. JIM : XXIII, A-598] to have muriform conidia.

In the plate: D. ziziphi M. B. ELLlS

Ref. :

ELLIS, M. B. (1976) More Dematiaceous Hyphomycetes. Comm. Mycol. Institute, Kew.

M O N I L I A L E S

S A P R O P H Y T E

Gen. A c l a d i u m LINK ex PERS.

Plate A 1100

Colonies effuse cottony or velvety, ochraceous, fulvous or dark rust. Mycelium composed of thick, pale, septate hyphae. Conidiophores semi-macronematous, mononematous, straight or flexuous smooth, septate. Conidiogenous cells integrated or occasionally discrete, determinate, terminal and intercalary, polyblastic, cyilindrical or sometimes inflated, denticulate. Denticles numerous, short, thick, cylindrical. Conidia solitary or rarely in very short chains, non-septate, smooth, etlipsoidal, limoniform or spherical.

In the plate: 1. A. conspersum LINK ex PERS. 2. A. ramosissimum (BERK. & CURT.) M. B. ELLIS

Ref. :

ELLIS, M, B. (1976) - More Dematiaceous Hyphomycetes. Comm. Mycol. Institute, Kew.

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Ji!~i~!~ ¸

M O N I L I A L E S

SAPROPHYTE

Gen. B las tod ic tys M. B. ELL~S

Plate A 1101

Colonies effuse, olivaceous brown. Mycelium composed of branched, septate, smooth, more or less brown hyphae. Conidiophores macronematous, mononematous, simple, solitary, straight, smooth, septate, brown. Conidiogenous cells polyblastic, integrated, terminal and intercalary, denticulate. Conidia simple, obpyriform, more or tess golden brown, muriform, rostrate.

Note: Genus segregated from Dactylosporium HARZ [IM. XI. A 250] on the basis of D. hibisci HANSF.

In the plate: Bl. hibisci (HANSF.) M. B. ELLIS

Ref. :

ELLIS, M. B. (1976) - M ore Dematiaceous Hyphomycetes. Comm. M ycol. Institute, Kew.

PLATE A 1101

M O N I L I A L E S

S A P R O P H Y T E

G e n . J a n e t i a M . B. ELLIS

Plate A 1102

Colonies effuse, brown to black. Mycelium composed of branched, septate, smooth, olivaceous or brown hyphae. Conidiophores micronematous, mononematous. Conidiogenous cells integrated, mostly intercalary, polyblastic, denticulate. Conidia solitary, obclavate, multiseptate, brown.

Note: Two species are known: one on stems of Euphorbia tirucalli, one other (before described as Sporidesmium faureae PIROZYNSKI) on fallen leaves, in Tanzania.

In the plate: J. euphorbiae M. B. ELLIS

Ref. :

ELLIS, M. B. (1976) - More Dematiaceous Hyphomycetes. Comm. Mycol. Institute, Kew.

P L A T E A 1102

S A P R O P H Y T E

Gen. D i c t y o p o l y s c h e m a M. B. ELLIS

Plate A 1 t03

Colonies effuse blackish brown to black. Myceliurn composed of branched, septate, pale brown hyphae. Conidiophores micronematous. Conidiogenous cells discrete, spherical, monotretic, brown, mostly verrucotose, sometimes catenulate. Conidia solitary, spherical or subspherical, muriform, brown or dark brown, smooth or verruculose.

Note: One species present on dead twigs of Picea in Great Britain is known.

In the plate: D. pirozynskii M. B. ELLIS

Ref. :

ELLlS, M. B. (1976)- More Dematiaceous Hyphomycetes. Comm. Mycol. Institute, Kew.

P L A T E A 1103

S A P R O P H Y T E

Gen. P a r a d e n d r y p h i o p s i s M. B. ELLIS

Plate A 1104

Mycelium composed of branched, septate, more or less brown hyphae, forming colonies effuse, blackish brown, shortly hairy. Conidiophores macronematous, mononematous, erect, straight or curved, brown, smooth, branched towards the apex. Conidiogenous cells monotretic, discrete or integrated, cylindrical. Conidia ellipsoidal septate, smooth, brown with the outer cells paler, shortly catenate.

Note: On dead wood. The genus differs from Dendryphiopsis HU~HES JIM : XI, A-258] in having thin-walled, catenate conidia.

In the plate: P. cambrensis M. B. ELHS

Ref. :

S A P R O P H Y T E

P H Y T O P A T H O G E N

Gen. T a e n i o l i n a M. B. ELLIS

V E R O N A - - BENEDEK

Plate A 1105

Colonies effuse, more or less brown, velvety. Conidiophores semi-macronematous, mononematous, pale olivaceous brown. Conidiogenous cells integrated, terminal or intercalary, polyblastic, subspherical, clavate or doliiform. Conidia single or catenate, mostly branched, septate, smooth, olivaceous brown.

Note: Genus based on Hormiscium centaurii (FUNCK.) SACC.

In the plate: T. centaurii (FUCKEL) M. B. ELLIS

Ref. :

ELLlS, M. B. (1976) - More Dematiaceous Hyphomycetes. Comm. Mycol. Institute, Kew.

M O N I L I A L E S D E M A T I A C E A E

S A P R O P H Y T E

( M Y C O P A T H O G E N ? )

Gen. P a r a p h a e o i s a r i a DE HooG & MORGAN-JONES

Plate A 1106

Colonies growing slowly, appearing smooth or floccose, green to olivaceous-black. Submerged hyphae profusely branched, smooth, thick- walled at maturity, olivaceous; aerial hyphae fasciculate, rough-walled due to encrusted pigment. Conidiogenous cells intercalary on undifferentiated hyphae, each with one or several conidiiferous pegs which may later branch in an incospicuously sympodial manner. Conidia hyaline, smooth, thin-walled, short-cylindrical to fusiform.

Note: The genus is based on one species present on aecial galls of Cronartium quercum (BERK.) MIYABE ex SHIRAt f.sp. fusiforme on Pinus taeda L.

In the plate: P. alabamensis DE HooG & MORGAN-JONES (imited from the Aa.)

Ref. :

DE HOOG, G. S., MORGAN--JONES, G. (1978) - Notes on Hyphomycetes. XXIII: Paraphaeoisaria atabamensis Gen. et sp. nov. Mycotaxon, 7:133 138.

FUNGI IMPERFECTI MONILIALES

DEMATIACEAE

SAPROPHYTE

Gen . A r d h a c h a n d r a SUBRAM. • SUDHA

Plate A 1107

Hyphomycete producing blastoconidia. Vegetative hyphae septate, branched. Conidiophores brown, septate, distinctly denticulate in the fertile part. Conidia of two types: selenoid and lenticular; both types terminal, produced singly and successively in a sympodial sequence, borne on prominent denticles, one-celled, typically bivalved with a germ slit, brown.

Note: Genus based on Pseudobeltrania selenoides DE HOOG,

In the plate: A. selenoides (DE Hoo~) SUBRA~,I. & SUDHA a. conidiophores arising from the vegetative mycelium which

in turn is arising from cells of the stromatic disc; a . conidiophore arising directly from cells of stromatic disc; b-e. stages in the development of selenoid conidium; f. lenticular conidium with germ slit; g. selenoid conidia with oily guttules; h. germination of selenoid conidium.

(imited from the Aa.)

Ref. :

SUBRAMANIAN, C. V., SUDHA, K. (197). Ardhachandra, a new genus of the Hypho- mycetes. Can. J. Bot., 56: 729-731.

M O N I L I A L E S

Gen. T r e t o s p o r a M. B. ELLIS

Plate A 1 i08

Mycelium superficial formed by branched, anastomised, septate, brown, hyphopodiate hyphae. Hyphopodia simplex, brown to dark brown. Conidiophores macronematous or semimacronomatous, mononematous, arising laterally on the hyphae 0- 1-septate, short, first curved then straight, smooth, olivaceous brown to brown. Conidiogenous cells monotretic, integrated and terminal. Conidia singly arising through a pore at the apex of the conidiophores, straight or curved, obclavate, rostrate, brown, smooth or verruculose, pseudo- septate.

Note: The genus has as perfect stage Balladynopsis THEISS. & SYD. (I.M. XVIII, C-267).

In the plate: 1. Tretospora negrii M. B. ELLIS 2. Conidia of Tretospora state

HANSF. of Balladynopsis vanderystii

Ref. :

ELus, M. B~ (I 976) - More Dematiaceous Hyphomycetes. Comm. Mycol. Institute, Kew.

DEMATIACEAE

SAPROPHYTE

Gen . Dendryphiospaera LUNGHINI & RAMBELLI

Plate A 1109

Conidiophores setiformis, erect or slightly flexuous, brown, but lighter to the apex, septate. Apex fertilis with terminal cells producing conidiogenous cells solitary, globose, or slightly ramose. The conidia beared by these cells are short-cylindrical, 3-celled, brown.

Note: This genus is near to Dendryphiopsis HUGHES (I.M. XI, A-258); but from it differs having conidiophores not ramose and conidiogenous cells sphaerical.

In the plate: D. taiensis LUNGHINI & RAMB. (imited from the Aa.)

Ref. :

LUNGHINI, U., RAMBELLI, A. (1978)- Ifomiceti nuovi o rari rinvenuti nella foresta tropicale africana. Giorm Bot. Ital., 112: 175-195.

7 U N G I I M P E R F E C T I M O N I L I A L E S

Gen. Mycocentrospora D E I G H T O N

Plate A 1110

The genus erected by DEIGHTON on 1972 (Taxon, 21, 716) corresponds to Centroapora NEERGAARD 1942 (not to Centrospora TREVISAN 1845):

see I.M. IX, A-191. The character consisting in the presence of a basal appendage on the conidium is not considered distinctive because not constant. Most o f species was found on living plants producing sometimes spots. Some species was found also on submerged leaves in streams and in soil.

In the plate: I. M. mitragynae (PAVGI et al.) DEIGHTON

II. M. asiminae (ELUS et KELL~EMAN) DEIGHTON

Ref, :

Besides the reported work of DEIGHTON on Taxon, 21,716, see the following: DEIGHTON, F. C. (1971) - Studies on Cereospora and allied genera. III: Centrospora. Comm. Mycol. Inst., Mycological Papers n ° 124.

DEMATIACEAE

SAPROPHYTE

Gen . Mycochlamys MARCHAND • CABRAL

VERONA --BENEDEK

Plate A 1111

Slow growing colonies; mycelium superficial or immersed, velvet-like and brown coloured. Hyphae first hyaline, then more or less brown. Conidiophores lateral or terminal, short, stright or ramose. Conidia globose, solitary or in chain, light brown, with thick wall. Chlamydo- spores in.tercalar, globose or cylindrical.

Note: One species isolated from soil in Argentine is known.

In the plate: M. macrosporum MARCH. • CABRAL

MARCnAND, S., CABRAL, D. WR16HT, J. E. (1976) - Tres nuevos generos de Hifomi- cetes de Tierra de Fuego. Bol. Soc. Arg. Botanica, 16, 63.-72.

P L A T E A 1111

Gen. Cystodendron BUB~.~

Plate A 1112

Conidiophores macronematous or semi-macronematous, short, much branched, pale to mide brown, smooth, forming rather loose sporodochia. Conidiogenous cells monophialidic, discrete and also sometimes integrated and terminal, arranged penicillately, determinate, lageni- form, with collarettes. Conidia aggregated in slimy heads, endogenous, simple, ellipsoidal, spherical or subspherical, hyaline, smooth, 0-septate.

Note: The type species (C.dryophilum (PAss.)BuB~K) causing large, round or irregular, brown, sometimes zonate leaf spots in Quercus.

In the plate: C. dryophitum (PAss.) BUB~.K

Ref. :

ELLIS, M. B. (1976) More Dematiaceous Hyphomycetes. Comm. Mycol. Institute, 1971.

S A P R O P H Y T E

I N D U S T R I A L

Gen. H o r m o c o n i s VON ARX & DE VRIES

Plate A 1113

Colonies effuse, velvety, avellaneous, olivaceous, quickly growing. Conidiophores emerging from hyphae, erect, long, septed, brown, ramose at the apex. Conidia elliptical, lemon-shaped or cylindrical, continuous or one-septed, subhyaline or slightly brown, more or less in chains.

Note: The genus is based on one species previously described as Ctado- sporium or Hormodendron. Differing from Cladosporium, Hormo-

conis produces conidiophores elongated and not short and basally branched: Conidia are separated from each other by small den- ticle or not prominent scars. One species - H. resinae (LINDAU) V. ARX & DE VRIES - uses kerosen and therefore is of industrial interest. It is present in soil. The perfect stage is known and referred to Amorphotheca PARBERY (I.M. XXX, C-555).

In the plate: H. resinae (LINDAU) V. ARx & DE VRIES

S A P R O P H Y T E

Gen. M a m m a r i a C E S A T I

VERONA - - BENEDEK

Plate A 1114

Conidiophores erect or almost repent, not readily distinguished from the vegetative hyphae, straight or slightly curved, usually simple but sometimes bearing one or two short branches, septate, subhyaline to pale brown. Conidia produced directly on the aerial hyphae (conidiophores), sessile or on short pedicels, persistent, continuous, dark, ovoid, more or less apiculate, flattened at the basal scar, with well marked longitudinal germ slit, borne singly or in groups.

In the plate: M. echinobotryoides CES.

HUGHES, S. J. (1957) ± Microfungi. Sydowia, I: 359-363.

STILBACEAE

SAPROPHYTE

Gen. A g a r i c o s t i l b u m WRIGHT emend. SUBRAM. & NATARAJAN

Plate A 1115

Hyphomycetous, producing blastoconidia. Synnema with a distinct stalk and fertile head. Conidiophores the free ends of hyphae of the synnema, septate, hyaline, free, branched, producing conidia both apically and laterally on humplike conidiogenous loci successively. Conidia solitary, hyaline, non septa.te.

Note: This genus was previously reported in I.M. (XXX, A-707); Here it is reported as it was emended by SUBRAMANIAN & NATA- RAJAN. These Aa. note that the genus Amerobotryum Sb~R. & NATAR. (I.M.: XLI, A-1032) has to be considered synonym of Agarostilbum.

In the plate: A. palmicola WRIGHT em. SUBR. & NATAR. 1. synnema (schematic) 2. conidiophore with humplike conidiogenous loci 3. conidiophore and conidia

SUBRAMANIAN, C. V., NATARAJAN, K. (1977) -On the genera Agaricostilbum and Amerobotryum. Mycologia, 69: 1224-1226,

STILBACEAE

PHYTOPATHOGEN

Gen. P e s o t u m CRANE & SCHOKNECHT

Plate A 1116

Colonies effuse, white to cram colored, becoming light to dark brown or gray with age. Mycelium composed of branched, septate, hyaline to subhyaline or brown hyphae. Synnemata erect to lax, simple or branched, subhyaline to dark brown, consisting of a loose to compact fascicle of hyphae which expands towards the apex. Synnematous conidiogenous cells hyaline to subhyaline, filiform, simple or branched, arising terminally from the synnematal hyphae, polyblastic, producing conidia sympodially on nodules or short denticles. Synnematous conidia hyaline, 1-celled, holoblastic, accumulating in a slime drop. Mononematous condidiophores, hyaline, subhyaline or light brown, septate, simple or branched, arising terminally or laterally on the hyphae. Mononematous conidiogenous cells hyaline to subhyaline, terminal on the conidiophores, polyblastic, producing conidia sympodially on prominent denticles. Mononematous conidia hyaline, I-celled, holoblastic, fre- quently developing into ramo-conidia.

Note: ....... Genus erected on Graphium ulmi SCHWARZ on the basis of the conidiogenous cells, and on the method of conidium development. The authors' note "the genus Pesotum appears similar to Verticicladiella HUGHES in conidiogenesis and the accumulation of conidia in a slime drop but differs from this genus in having both synnematous and mononematous stages and in lacking metulae." Pesotum having as ascosporous state Ceratocystis. Later (1975) UPADHAY ~; KENDRIK described a similar genus - Hyalopesetum n.g. - also linked to Ceratocystis (see I.M. : XXXIX, A-963).

In the plate: P. ulmi (SCHWARZ) CRANE & SCHOKNECHT

Ref. :

CRAN E, J. L., SCHOKNECHT, J. D. (1973) - Conidiogenesis in Ceratocystis ulmi, C. piceae and Graphium penicillioides. Amer. J. Bot., 60: 346-354.

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TUBERCULARIACEAE

PHYTOPATHOGEN (on lichens)

Gen. S c l e r o c o c c u m FRIES ex FRIES

Plate A 1117

Sporodochia pulvinate, punctiform, black. Stroma absent or rudimentary. Conidiophores semi-macronematous, short, simple, hyaline or pale. Conidiogenous cells monoblastic or poliblastic, integrated, terminal cylindrical or ellipsoidal. Conidia formed irregularly in branched chains, dry, variously shaped but mostly made up of groups of spherical or hemispherical, brown, smooth or verruculose, thick-walled cells. (from M. B. ELLIS)

Note: On crustaceous lichens.

In the plate: Scl. sphaerale (AcH. ex FICINUS & SCHUBERT) FR.

Ref. :

T U B E R C U L A R I A C E A E

Gen. Paraper icon ia M. B. ELLIS

Plate A 1118

Sporodochia punctiform, pulvinate, brown to black. Mycelium immersed, composed of branched, septate, subhyaline or plate brown hyphae. Stromata superficial and immersed, subhyaline or pale brown. Conidiophores macronematous, mononematous, simple or branched, straight or flexuous, often uncinate at the tip, septate, pale to mid brown, smooth towards the base, verruculose towards the apex. Conidio- genous cells discrete, arranged laterally on conidiophores, solitary or catenulate, monoblastic or poliblastic, turbinate or clavate, becoming ! septate. Conidia solitary or catenate, spherical, mid to dark brown, verrucolose.

Note: One species causing pale to mid brown lesion on living leaves of Glycine javanica in Zambia is known.

In the plate: P. angusii M. B. ELLIS

Ref. :

ELLIS, M. B. (1976)- More Dematiaceous' Hyphomyeetes. Comm. Mycol. Institute, Kew.

T U B E R C U L A R I A C E A E

S A P R O P H Y T E

Gen. D e n d r o d o c h i u m BON.

V E R O N A - - B I ~ N E D E K

Plate A 1119

Sporodochium white or lightly coloured. Conidiophores tightly packed, more or less erect, hyaline, septate, branched in verticillate fashion near the apex; sporogenous cells phialides; phialospores non septate, hyaline, subglobose to ellipsoid.

Note: Are synonyms: Dichitonium BERKELEY & CURTIS (fide AINSWORTH) and Patouil- lardia ROUMEGUERE (fide VON HOHNEL).

In the plate: Dendrodochium sp.

A S C O M Y C E T E S H E L O T I A L E S

S C L E R O T I N I A C E A E (R. W. G. DENNIS)

S A P R O P H Y T E

G e n . V e r p a t in i a WHETZEL & DRAYTON

Plate C 836

Sclerotium small, elongated, black, formed within the tissues of leaves or herbaceous stems. Microconidia unknown. Macroconidial state wanting. Apothecium arising from the sclerotia with a long slender stalk bearing a campanulate, cylindrical or subturbinate receptacle, the upper surface of which is covered by the hymenium. The margin of the receptacle hangs free to form a collar surrounding the tip of the stalk. Asci cylindrical, 8-spored. Ascospores unicellular, hyaline, ellipsoidal or fusiform.

In the plate: V. spiraeicola DENNIS

Ref. :

DENNIS, R. W. G. (1956) - A revision of.the British Helotiaceae in the herbarium of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, with notes on related european species. Comm. Mycol. Institute, Kew. Mycological Papers, n ° 62.

A S C O M Y C E T E S

H E L O T I A L E S H Y A L O S C Y P H A C E A E

S A P R O P H Y T E

Gen. E c h i n u l a GRADDON

Plate C 837

Apothecia superficial, small, sessilis, hyaline, which receptacle presents many long tentacules. Excipule with prismatic texture. Asci clavate, 8-spored. Ascospores elliptical, guttulate. Paraphyses filiform, forked at the apex.

Note: On dry leaves of RUBUS.

In the plate: E. asteriadiformis GRADDON (imited from the A.) 1, apothecium; 2, excipular cells with hair; 3, ascus with para-

physis; 4, ascospores.

Ref. :

GRADDON, W. D. (1977) Some new Discomycete species. Trans. Br. mycol. Soc., 69: 255-273.

H E L O T I A L E S

H E L O T I A C E A E

S A P R O P H Y T E

Gen. E n c o e l i a (FR.) KARSTEN

Plate C 838

Apothecia erumpent from bark, cup-shaped, brown and scurfy. Disc concave. Flesh of loosely interwoven hyphae, excipulum parenchymatous. Asci cylindric-clavate, 8-spored. Ascospores narrowly elliptical or allantoid, 1-celled. Paraphyses cylindrical, tip often enlarged and coloured.

Note: According to CLEMENTS & SHEAR and to SEAVER, Encoelia is synonym of Cenangium FRIES. (I.M., IX, C-117). Structurally Cenangium is very like to Encoelia. DENNIS considers them different because, according to a study of GREMMEN, both genera are distinguishable by their microconidial states.

In the plate: E. furfuracea (RoTH. ex FR.) KARST.

Ref. :

DENNIS, R. W. G. (1956) -A revision of the British Helotiaceae in herbarium of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, with notes on related european species. Comm. Mycol. Institute, Kew. Mycological Papers n ° 62.

A S C O M Y C E T E S H E L O T I A L E S

S C L E R O T I N I A C E A E

S A P R O P H Y T E

G e n . C i b o r i a FUCKE1,

Plate C 839

Apothecia arising from mummified fruits or catkins, cup-shaped, brown, on more or less long slender stalk. Asci cylindric-clavate, 4-8- spored, pore blued by iodine; ascospores uniseriate, elliptic or with slightly pointed ends, 1-celled. Paraphyses cylindrical.

In the plate: I. C. batschiana (ZoPF) BISCHWARD 2. C. amentacea (BALBIS ex FR.) FUCKEL

Ref. :

DENNIS, R. W.G. British Ascomycetes. Lehre, 1968.

ASCOMYCETES HELOTIALES

SCLEROTINIACEAE

SAPROPHYTE

Gen. Ciboriopsis DENNIS

Plate C 840

Apothecia small, discoid, with long slender stalk, outer tissue of receptacle parenchymatous. Asci cylindrical, 8-spored. Ascospores narrowly elliptical to clavate, hyaline, nonseptate. Paraphyses cylindrical.

Note: This genus is similar to Lambertelta v. H6HN. JIM: XXXI, C-616], but differs by the lack of pigment in the ascospores.

In the plate: C. branileyi DENNIS

Ref. :

DEYYlS, R. W. G. -British Ascomycetes. Lehre, 1968.

ASCOMYCETES LECANORALES

PATELLARIACEAE

(R. W. G. DEYNIS)

PHYTOPATHOGEN

Gen. A b r o t h a l l u s DE NOTARI

Plate C 841

Apothecia sessile, erumpent, pulvinate, black, subgelatinous. Asci clavate, thick-walled, 4-8-spored. Ascospores becoming brown, 1-

septate. Paraphyses forked, wide at the clavate olive-brown tip. Iodine reaction negative.

Note: Parasitic on lichen.

In the plate: A. parmefiarum (SoMMERFELT) NYLANDER

Ref. :

DENNIS, R. W. G. - British Ascomycetes. Lehre, 1968.

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P L A T E C 841

A S C O M Y C E T E S P L E C T A S C A L E S

E L A P H O M Y C E T A C E A E (R. W. G. DENNIS)

S A P R O P H Y T E

Gen. Dieh l iomyces GILKEY

Plate 842

Fungus hypogaeous or epigaeous, characterized at first by a dense mycelial growth in or on the substratum; ascocarps casually developed, without definite form or pattern, from tangled knots of hyphae, several small irregular knots sometimes coalescing into a single large ascocarp; asci subglobose, closely packed among large interwoven hyphae of fruiting, folds, these folds separated by loosely arranged hyphae of sterile areas; spores 8 or fewer, globose, smooth, hyaline, thin-walled, irregularly arranged, released by disintegration of asci and hyphae as a yellow powdery mass.

Note: The genus was erected on the basis of one species previously referred to the gen. Pseudobalsamia FISCHER, belonging to the Tuberales. This species is known only in mushroom beds, within compost or on surface; widespr.

In the plate: D. microsporus (DIEHL • LAMBERT) GILKEY

Ref. :

GILKE¥, H. M. (1954) -Taxonomic notes on Tuberales. Mycologia, 46: 783-793. DENNIS, R. W. G. (1968) - British Ascomycetes. Lehre.

A S C O M Y C E T E S E U R O T I A L E S

E U R O T I A C E A E

S A P R O P H Y T E

Gen. Aphanoascus ZUKAL

Plate C 843

Cleistothecia superficial, yellowish orange to orange red, subspherical to ovate, with base often slightly flattened to hemispherical, later con- fluent in small groups, smooth, loosely invested with reddish orange pigmented hyphae. Peridium membranaceous, pseudoparenchymatous to sclerotioid, outer yellowish brown to red brown, consisting of several layers of hyphal strands, inner hyaline consisting of sclerotioid masses of thick walled, isodiametric cells: Asci irregularly disposed, 8-spored, hyaline, borne as lateral branches from ascogenous hyphae, in short chains, globose to subgtobose, evanescent. Ascospores hyaline to pale yellow, at maturity reddish-coloured, broadly elliptical, ornamented by irregular, often anastomosing ridges.

Note: A single species A. cinnabarinus ZUKAI, - isolated from alligator excrements in Austria and described by ZU~AL in 1889. Reiso- lated in Japanese soils by UDAGAWA (see Ref.).

In the plate: A. cinnabarinus ZUKAL (imited from UDAGAWA) a, ascocarp initial; b, cleistothecium; c, various stages of development of asci; d, ascospores.

Ref. :

UDAGAWA, S. (1978) - Some taxonomic problems in cleistothecial Ascomycetes. In: Proc. Intern. Symposium on Taxonomy of Fungi, Univ. of Madras, 1973. 1 : 225~57.

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ASCOMYCETES C O N I O C H A E T A C E A E

(after MALLOCH & CAIN)

S A P RO PH Y TE

Gen. Germsl i tospora LODHA

VERONA -- BENEDEK

Plate C 844

Ascocarps non-ostiO~ate, non-stromatic. Cleistothecial peridium membranaceous, pseudoparenchymatous. Asci unitunicate, in parallel fascicle. Ascospores brown, continuous, with a lateral germ slit.

Note: Genus based on Thielavia savoryia BOOTH. For a discussion on the

genus see Ref.

In the plate: G. savoryia (BOOTH) LODHA

Ref. :

LODHA, B.C. Generic concepts in some Ascomycetes occurring on Dung. In: Proc. International Symposium on Taxonomy of Fungi. Part one. pag. 241-257. University of Madras, 1973. Edited by C. V. StmRAMANIAN.

P L A T E C 844

A S C O M Y C E T E S P E R I S P O R I A L E S

E U R O T I A C E A E

S A P R O P H Y T E

Gen. P r e u s s i e l l a LODHA

Plate C 845

Ascocarps non-ostiolate, stromatic. Asci in parallel fascicles, with a thick firm persistent wall, especially when young but evanescent at maturity, no apical structure visible. Ascospores septate when first visible, with three transverse septa, deeply constricted. Ascospore segments brown, without germ slit or pore.

Note: Genus segregated from Preussia FUCK. (I.M. IX, C-128) on the basis of Preussia cylindrispora LODHA. The A. refers to this new genus other species of Preussia and few other species belonging to Thielavia, Anixiopsis, Muellerella.

In the plate: Pr. cylindri~pora (LODHA) LODHA

Ref. :

LODHA, B.C. Generic concepts in some Ascomycetes occurring on dung. In: Proc. International Symposium on Taxonomy of Fungi. Part one. pag. 241-257. University of Madras, 1973. Edited by C. V. StmRAMAN~AN.

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ASCOMYCETES PYRONEMATACEAE

(see Ref.)

SAPROPHYTE

Gen . Coprotiella JENG 8,: KRUG

Plate C 846

Ascocarps scattered or gregarious, non-stromatic, non-ostiolate, subglobose to globose, hyaline at first, becoming creamy or yellowish, glabrous; peridium membranaceous, pseudoparenchymatous in surface view, creamy or yellowish. Asci unitunicate, non-amyloid, broadly clavate, evanescent, without croziers or apical apparatus. Paraphyses lacking. Ascospores one-celled, smooth, hyaline, thin-walled, at maturity clavate, evanescent, without croziers or apical apparatus. Paraphyses lacking. Ascospores one-celled, smooth, hyaline, thin-walled, at maturity usually possessing a conspicuous DE BARY bubble; germ pores or germ slits lacking; gelatinous sheath absent. Conidial state unknown.

Note: One species on horse dung. The genus Copriotella is similar in many ways to Coprotus KORF & KIMBROUGH. Differs from Coprotus in possessing ascocarps which remain closed at all stages of development and asci which are subglobose to clavate, evanescent, and probably irregularly disposed. CopriotelIa is also similar to Cleistothelebolus MALLOCH & CAIN and Lasiobolidium MALLOCH & CAIN, but differs primarily from both genera in having ascospores possessing DE BARY bubbles.

In the plate: C. 9ongylospora JENG & KRUG

Ref. :

JENG, R. S., KRUG, J. C. (1976) - Copriotella, a new cleistocarpous genus of the Pytvnemataceae with ascospores possessing DE BARV bubbles. Mycotaxon, 4: 545-550.

KORF, P. R. (1972) - Synoptic key to the genera of the Pezizales. Mycologia , 64: 937-994.

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A S C O M Y C E T E S O S T R O P A L E S

S A P R O P H Y T E

Gen. C a r e s t i e t l a BRESADOLA

Plate C 847

Apothecia at first immersed in decorticated wood, becoming partially erumpent, the margin narrow, black, entire, lacking crystals, the disc moderately deeply immersed, black, not splitting away from the margin when dry. Margin in cross section: the outermost portion of tightly compacted dark brown hyphae, the inner portion of widely-spaced, inward-pointing, brancheA interwoven hyphae with free ends. Paraphyses filiform, slightly longer than the asci, the apices enlarged, brown, J+blue, forming an epithecium. Marginal paraphyses brown along their entire length, in an agglutinated layer 2-3 cells thick. Sub- hymenium of somewhat loosely packed cells, resting on an obscure pale brown continuation of the wall, the substrate beneath invaded by hyphae but barely compressed. Asci very thick-walled when young, appearing bitunicate but without a demonstrable jack-in-the-box mechanism, with a broad pore. Spores ultimately 32/ascus, colrless, slightly curved, multiseptate. (On the basis of the characters of C. socia BRES. as described by SHER- WOOD)

Note: The genus, which is monotypic, is different from Schizoxylon and Stict& (see Ref.).

In the plate: C. socia BRES. (imited from SHERWOOD)

Ref. :

SHERWOOD, M. A. (1977) - T h e Ostropalean Fungi II. Schizoxylon. Mycotaxon, 6: 215-260.

A S C O M Y C E T E S O S T R O P A L E S

(SHERWOOD)

S A P R O P H Y T E

Gen. Sch izoxy lon PERS.

Plate C 848

Apothecia at first immersed in decaying wood or herbaceous plant material, consisting of a pseudostromatic mass in which the products of fertilization and the hyphae acessory to them give rise to an immersed to erumpent, apothecioid fruitbody consisting of asci, paraphyses, and a margin of matted and interwoven marginal paraphyses surrounded by undifferentiated remnants of pseudostroma. Fruitbody tough, woody, carbonaceous, or fleshy-cartalaginous, long-persistent, con- taining asci which mature over a period of weeks or months. Periphy- soids absent. Hymenial disc shallowly cupulate, plane, or somewhat raised above the level of the margin, not splitting away from the margin when dry. Asci long-cylindrical, sometimes becoming saccate when mature, very thick-walled when young, J-, with a thickened apex pierced by a broad pore, or without any distinct apical apparatus. Ascospores 4 or 8, cylindrical or fitiform, transversely multiseptate, colorless, often disarticulating into unicellular or septate part-spore. Paraphyses numerous, variously ramified and pigmented, often 1-2 times branched near the apex, apically thickened, and brown, J+ or J- . The margin may be pruinose or epruinose, colorless, yellow, or brown, but is never pseudoparenchymatous, periphysogenous, or traversed by distinct crystalline layers.

(M. SHERWOOD)

Note: For more detailed notices on the genus see Ref. Cycledium WALLR., Sphaerolina FCKL., Agyriella ELL. & Ev. are synonyms of Schizoxylon (fide SHERWOOD).

Ref. :

SHERWOOD, M. A. (1977) - The Ostropalean Fungi (+). Mycotaxon, 6: 1-277. SHERWOOD, M. A. (1977) -- The Ostropalean Fungi II: Schizoxylon. Mycotaxon, 6: 215---260. (+) Work copyrighted ! We thank the A. for the king concession.

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P L A T E C 848

In the plate: 1-1' Sch. sepincola PERS.

(insted from Stirpes Cryptogamae Vogeso-Rhenanae 174) 2 Seh. crassisporum (Speg.) SHERWOOD

asci, paraphyses, spores 3 Sch. pratense SHERWOOD

apices of asci, paraphyses, spores and part-spores (from SHERWOOD)

ASCOMYCETES OSTROPALES

(SHERWOOD)

SAPROPHYTE

Gen. N a n o s t i c t i s M. S. C H R I S T I A N S E N

VERONA - - BENEDEK

Plate C 849

Apothecia at first immersed, opening by a pore, not becoming erumpent, minute, colorless, with an entire, non-crystalline margin and a deeply- immersed disc which does not split away from the margin when dry. Margin devoid of differentiation into layers, consisting throughout of interwoven colorless hyphae. Paraphyses nomerous, filiform, J- . Asci cylindrical, with thin lateral walls and a distinct apical cap, J- . Ascospores colorless, filiform, transversely multiseptate.

Note: On lichens.

In the plate: N. peltigerae M. S. CHRJSTIAYSEN

Ref . :

SHERWOOD, M. A. (1977) - The Ostropalean fungi. Mycotaxon, 5: 1-277.

ASCOMYCETES OSTROPALES

(SHERWOOD)

S A P RO PH Y TE

Gen. Cryptodiscus CDA

VERONA -- BENEDEK

Plate C 850

Apothecia at first completely immersed, opening by dissolving a pore in the substrate, not becoming erumpent, small, usually colorless, sometimes with a pale brown margin, the margin narrow, entire, non-crystalli- ferous, the disc deeply urceolate, not splitting away from the hymenium when dry. Margin in cross section lacking differentiation into distinct layers, composed throughout of loosely interwoven hyphae, fleshy or gelatinous. Paraphyses numerous, filiform, J+ or J- , often with an abruptly enlarged tip. Asci cylindrical, with thin lateral walls and a distinct apical cap, J - . Ascospores colorless, thin-walled, transversely septate, usually ovate to cylindrical and few-celled.

Note: On bare wood, leaves of monocots and dicots, herbaceous stems, and woody fungi. For a discussion on the taxonomic position of the genus see Ref.

In the plate: 1. Cr. pallidus (PERS.)CDA 2. Cr. speratus SH. ERWOOD (imited from SHERWOOD)

Ref. :

SHERWOOD, M. A. (1977) -The Ostropalean fungi. Mycotaxon, 5: 1-277.

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P H A C I D I A L E S P H A C I D I A C E A E

S A P R O P H Y T E

Gen. P h a c i d i n a v. HOHNEL

Plate C 851

Ascomata sphaerical, lenticular, growing between epiderm and cuticule and opening when ripen by irregular split. Such ascomata are formed by a basal part constituted with a thin layer of small cells and with a inner part peripherally thin and thicker to the center and formed by one inner layer of brown cells and other layer of hyaline cells. Asci paraphysate, cylindrical-clavate, 8-spored. Spores ellipsoidal, hyaline, one- celled.

Note: According to CLEMENTS 81; SHEAR the genus is synonym of Phacidium FRIES (I.M. XXV, A-433). The only difference is that in Phacidium fruit bodies are suncuticular.

In the plate: Ph. gracile (NIESSL.) V. HOHNEL (imited from v. ARX • MULLER)

Ref. :

YON ARX, J. A., M~LLER, E. - Die Gattungen der amerosporen Pyrenomyceten. Beitr. Kryptogamenflora tier Schweis. Berna, 1954.

A S C O M Y C E T E S P H A C I D I A L E S

P H A C I D I A C E A E (v. ARX & MI~LLER)

Gen. H y p o d e r m e l l i n a v. HOHNEL

Plate C 852

Ascomata round or oblong, intraperidermal, with thin and subhyaline base while inner side is dark-brown and attached to the internal side of epidermal cells. In ascomata there are few asci clavate-cylindrical with thin wall, 8-spored, paraphysate. Ascospores small, unicellular, hyaline.

Note: According CLEMENTS • SHEAR this genus is synonym of Hypo- dermella TUBEUF.

In the plate: H. ruborum v. HOHNEL

Ref. :

yon ARX, J. A., M~LLER, E. (1954) - Beitrfige zur Kryptogarnenflora der Schweiz. Die Gattungen der Amerosporen Pyrenomyceten. Bern.

P L A T E C 852

S P H A E R I A L E S H A L O S P H A E R I A C E A E

S A P R O P H Y T E

Gen. H a l o s a r p h e i a J. & E. KOHLMEYER

Plate C 853

Ascocarps solitary or gregarious, obpyriform to subglobose, immersed or partly immersed, ostiolate, papillate, coriaceous, brown to black. Pseudoparenchyma of large, thin-walled cells filling the venter of young ascocarps, breaking up to form catenophyses. Asci eight-spored, clavate, pedunculate, unitunicate, thick-walled below the apex, thin-walled in the peduncle, persistent, developing at the base of the ascocarp venter; mature asci breaking off at the base from the ascogenous tissue. Asco- spores ellipsoidal, one-septate, hyaline, with apical appendage; append- ages are exosporic remnants, at first cap-like, stiff and homogenous, attached to the ascospore apices, at maturity becoming soft and trans- forming into fibres.

Note: Genus with one obligately marine species, in loose submerged wood.

In the plate: H. fibrosa J. & E. KOHLMEYER

Ref. :

KOHLMEYER, J. & E. (1977) Bermuda marine fungi. Trans. Br. mycot. Soc., 68: 207 219.

A S C O M Y C E T E S S P H A E R I A L E S

S P H A E R I A C E A E (eLEMENTS & SHEAR)

S P H A E R I A L E S

X Y L A R I A C E A E (v. ARX & MULLER)

S A P R O P H Y T E

Gen. K r e t z s c h m a r i a FR.

Plate C 854

Stroma superficial producing pedunculate bodies solitary or grouped, globose, ellipsoid or claviform. Perithecia large, sphaerical or irregular, continuing outward with a periphysate channel. Asci cylindrical, 8- spored. Spores one celled, black, ellipsoidal or irregular and sometimes fusiform. Paraphyses present.

Note: According to YON ARX & MfOLLER Hypoxylon sect. coenopus SACC. and Rhopalopsis CDA are synonyms of Kretzschmaria.

In the plate: Kr. spinifera ELL. & MACBR. (imited from v. ARX & Mr2LLER)

Ref. :

vorq Amx, J. A., MOLLER, E. - Die Gattungen der amerosporen Pyronomyceten. Beitr. Kryptogamenflora der Schweis. Bern, 1954.

ASCOMYCETES S P H A E R I A L E S

S P H A E R I A C E A E

Gen. P s e u d o c o c h l i o b o l u s TSUDA et al.

Plate C 855

Ascocarps black, globose or ellipsoid, developing from columnar stromata or flat stromata, firmly adhering to the substrate at the base, with a well defined ostiolar beak: peridium coriaceous carbonaceous, pseudoparenchymous. Asci bitunicate, cylindrical to cylindrical clavate, with a short stipe, 1-8 spored, among filamentous pseudoparaphyses. Ascospores phragmosporous, hyaline or especially at maturity somewhat colored, filamentous, filiform to flagelliform and somewhat tapered at the extremities; often arranged parallel to loosely coiled in the ascus .

Note: This genus differs from Cochliobolus DRECHSLER JIM: IV, C 41] having ascocarps developed from columnar or flat stromata firmly adhering to the substrate. Conidial state: Helminthosporium LINK. To this genus, besides to Ps. nisikadoi described by the Aa. three more species previously described as Cochliobolus are referred.

In the plate: Ps. nbikadoi TSUDA, UEYAMA & NISItIHARA

TSUDA, M., UEYAMA, A., N1SHIHARA, N. (1977) - Pseudocochliobolus nisikadoL the perfect state of Helminthosporium coicis. Mycologia, 69:1109-1120.

D I A P O R T H A C E A E

Gen. M agn a p o r t h e KRAUSE dP¢~ WEBSTER

Plate C 856

Non stromatic; perithecia dark, globose; neck long, cylindrical, slightly or not protruding beyond the surface of the leaf sheath. Asci unitunicate, thin-walled, short-stipitate, floating freely in the perithecium at maturity and deliquescing; ascospores long, fusiform, curved, 3 4 celled, slightly constricted at the septa, hyaline or yellowish brown at maturity; reliquiae wide and band-like, partially gelatinizing at maturity.

Note: The genus was erected on the basis of Leptosphaeria salvinii CATTANEO. Magnoporte salvinii (CATT.) KRAUSE & WEBSTER (that causes diseases in rice plants) has as conidial stage Helminthosporium sigmoideum CAr. and as sclerotial form Sclerotium oryzae CATT. Besides Helminthosporium, Magnoporte has as conidial stage Pyricularia.

In the plate: 1. M. salvinii (CATT.) KRAUSE & WEBSTER

(ascus and ascospores) 2. M. 9risea (HEBERT) YAEGASHI & UDAGAWA

(perithecia, asci and ascospores) (imited from YAEGASHI ~Z UDAGAWA)

Ref. :

KRAUSER, R. A., WEBSTER, R. K. (1972) - The morphology, taxonomy, and sexu- ality of the rice stem rot fungus, Magnoporte salvinii (Leptosphaeria salvinii) - Mycologia, 56: 180-183.

X Y L A R I A C E A E

S A P R O P H Y T E

Gen. L a p a d o s t o m a (NITSCHKE) TRAV.

Plate C 857

Perithecia globose, black, grouped in clusters within a rudimentary black stroma from which emerge the ostioles. Asci cylindrical, thickened at the apex, paraphysate, 8-spored. Spores elliptic-cylindric, brown, non septate.

Note: On bark of ligniculous plants

In the plate: 1. L. gastrinum (Fro) TUL. 2. L, turgidurn (PEgs,) TRAV,

(imited from v. ARx & M~3LLER)

Ref. :

YON ARX, J. A., MOLLER, E. - Die Gattungen der amerosporen Pyrenomycetum - Bern, 1954.

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P L A T E C 857

P O L Y S T I G M A T A C E A E (v. ARX & MULLER)

Gen. D i a c h o r a J. MI3LLER

Plate C 858

The genus includes foliar parasits; pseudostroma produces large and dark crosts invading the whole foliar layer, and delimitate in both sides by a epidermal circular clypeus. Perithecia sphaerical or piriform, with wall multilayered and with periphysate ostiolar channel. Asci clavate, cylindrical, with thin wall, 8-spored. Spores elliptical, one-celled, hyaline.

In the plate: D. onobrychidis (D. C.) J. M13LLER (imited from v. ARx & MOLLER)

Ref. :

YON AF, x, J. A., Mr3LLER, E. - Die Gattungen der amerosporen Pyrenomyceten. Beitr. Kryptogamenflora Schweis. 11 : 1954.

P L A T E C 858

ASCOMYCETES DOTHIDEALES

DOTHIDEACEAE

PHYTOPATHOGEN

G e n . O p h i o d o t h e l l a v. H6HNEL

Plate C 859

Genus producing spots on leaves. Stroma anfigenous, from slight brown to black, with 1-2-3 ascigenous locula. Clipeus brown or black; locula subglobose with ostiole slightly papillate; external wall brown, the inner one hyaline. Asci clavate or cylindrical, not paraphysate, 8-spored. Ascospores cylindric-fusoid, oblong, sometimes filiform, continuous, hyaline.

Note: According v. ARX & MOLLER the genus is synonym of Scolecodo- this THEISS. & NYD. Sco[ecodothis is however provided of paraphyses absent in Ophiodothelta. According CLENENTS & SHEAR, Scolecodothopsis STEV. is synonym of Ophiodothella. BATISTA et al. made a revision of some species.

In the plate: Oph. edax (B & BR) v. HOHN.

Ref. :

V. ARX, J. A., MfJLLER, E. (t975). A re-evaluation of the bitunicate ascomycetes with keys to families and genera. C.B.S. Baarn, Studies on Mycology n. 9. CttAVES BATISTA, A., POWELL, D., PERES, G. E. (1967). Ata do Instituto de Mico- logia de Univ. de Pernambuco, Recife (Brasil) vol. 4 Pubbl. 433.

ASCOMYCETES DOTHIORALES

MESNIERACEAE

PHYTOPATHOGEN

G e n . M e s n i e r a SACC. & SYo.

Plate C 860

Fruit bodies internal to foliar tissues, subglobose, with light coloured wall, ostiolate. Asci clavate, cylindrical, with thick wall especially to the apex, with 12-16--spores. Spores from globose to ellipsoidal, one-celled, brown with striate or verrucoulose wall. Paraphysoides present.

Note: VON ARX & Mt~LLER did not confirm the observation of PETRAK concerning spores which initially are bi-cellular and later dividing

at maturity.

In the plate: M. rottlerae (RAC.) SACC & SYD. (imited from v. ARX & MI~ILLER)

Ref. :

yon Ae, x, J. A., M~3LLER, E, - Die Gattungen der amerosporen Pyrenomyceten. Beitr. Kryptogamenfl. Schweiz. 11 : Bern, t954.

P L A T E C 860

ASCOMYCETES

P S E U D O S P H A E R I A L E S

T R I C H O T H Y R I A C E A E

S A P R O P H Y T E

M Y C O P A T H O G E N

Gen. Tr ichothyr ina PETRAK

Plate C 861

The mycelium, when present, is incospicuous and composed of very fine, colourless or pale yellow hyphae which are indistinctly septate. The thyrothecia, although often gregarious, are seldom fused together. They are orbicular and lenticular with a distinct central papilla and ostiole, an usually entire margin, and an upper and lower wall. Asci bitunicate, obclavate to obpyrifbrm, 4-8-spored. Ascospores hyaline, usually 1 septate, and may have a tuft of cilia attached to the larger upper cell.

Note: For the description of other species see Ref. One species Tr. parasitica (FABRE) VON ARX - parassitizes Diatrype stigma on Ilex aquifolium; the others are saprophytic on dead leaves, stems and fronds of several plants. After M~LLER and VON ARX Loranthomyces v. H6HNEL and Pachythrium ARN. are synonyms.

In the plate: 1. Tr. parasitica (FABRE) VON ARX

(habit sketch, diagrammatic section through young thyrothe- - cium, mature thyrothecium, upper wall and ostiole, asci and 1

ascospores) 2. Tr. fimbriata J. P. ELLIS

(mature thyrothecium, ascus and ascospores) .3. Tr. ammophitae J. P. ELLIS

(mature thyrothecium, ascus and ascospores) (from J. P. ELLIS)

Ref. :

ELLIS, J. P. (1977) The Genera Trichothyrina and Actinopeltis in Britain. Trans. Br. mycol. Soc., 68:145 155.

iconographia mycologicaverona — benedek (†)

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