gyan dictionary
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.AAA.
Ab, at the present time, now, just now, nowadays. 2. at an immediate past or future time (extension of the present): recently, presently, shortly, from now on.
Aabaad, adj. 1. settled (as a colony, a town); under cultivation (land). 2. prosperous, flourishing; full, abundant. 3. inhabited, populous. ~ karnaa, to settle, to found; to cultivate (land); to build up (as a town, or a couple); to cause (the heart) to rejoice. ~ rahnaa, to be flourishing, or prosperous. ~ honaa, = ~ rahnaa; to be occupied (a house); to have the prospect of children (a family).
-aabaad, suffix (forms place names of settlements, eg. made populous by Allaah: Allahabad)
Abhii [H. ab + hii], adv. at this particular time; now, just now, immediately; yet, still. ~ kaa, adj. & adv. recent, contemporary; immediately. ~ tak, adv. up till the present moment; as of this moment. ~ to, adv. as of now, as yet. ~ se, adv. from now onwards, starting now. Main ~ aayaa thaa, I had just arrived; I had already arrived. ~ - ~, adv. just recently, just (right) now.Abhii to, adv. as of now, as yet (p50)
Abhi-bhuut, adj, defeated; in subjection; overwhelmed
Abhi-maan, m. 1. pride. 2. unjustifiable pride ; arrogance, vanity, conceit. ~ karnaa, to behave proudly
Abhi-maanii, adj. & m. 1. adj. proud. 2. arrogant…3. a proud person. 4. an arrogant person.
Abhy-aas [S], m. throwing towards, adding : 1. practice; drill, repetition; repeated reading, study, study. 2. habit. 3. familiarity (with/kaa). 4. mil. Manoeuvres; an exercise
Acchaa, adj. 1. good; excellent; pleasant; fine, nice; healthy (climate, locality). 2. serviceable; useful. 3. sound; healthy, well; fit; recovered. 4. genuine; unadulterated; of quality. 5. virtuous; kind, benevolent, humane; well-behaved. 6. skillful (in or at/mein). 7. proper, suitable, fitting; favourable, propitious; matching (as colours). 8. fortunate; prosperous; happy. 9. adv. Well; very well etc.10. m. pl. the good: senior or distinguished men; forefathers. 11. interj. good! very good! well! oh! is that so? all right! P 16
Aa-cchaadit [S.], adj. covered; shaded; protected. 2. concealed
A-cal [S], adj. & m. 1. adj. not moving; not able to move. 2. immovable; firm; fixed. 3. changeless; constant. 4. m. a mountain.
Acaanak, adv. Suddenly; unexpectedly; by chance, inadvertently
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Aa-caar [S], m. 1. manner of life; conduct, behaviour; good or virtuous conduct. 2. custom, usage; tradition. 3. rite, ceremony. 4. interchange (as of letters)
Aa-caraṇ [S], m. 1. conduct, behaviour. 2. custom, usage; rule or norm of conduct. 3. religious observance
Aa-caaryă [S], m. a spiritual preceptor or guide. 2. a founder, or leader of a sect. 3. (esp. as a title) a man of distinguished learning; a senior professor; principal, &c.
Aa-caaryaa [S], f. 1. a spiritual preceptress or guide…2. the wife of an aacaarya.
Adab, m. 1. good manners, politeness; civility; urbanity. 2. belles-lettres. ~ karnaa, to show deference or respect (to/kaa). ~ dikhaanaa, id. ~se, adv. politely; respectfully.
Aa-dar [S], m. 1. respect, esteem; honour; reverence. 2. respectful treatment; notice, attention; deference.
Aadat, f. 1. habit. 2. manner; knack. 3. custom
Aadhaa: half
Aa-dhaar [S], m. 1. base, foundation. 2. basis; premise. ~ par: on the basis (of/ke). 3. support, prop; object (as of remark); fig. supporter, patron. 4. a hollow (for water) made round the foot of a tree; water-channel.
Aadhi- pref. above (from adhi) Aadhidaivik a. supernatural, arising from divine agency.adhiSTHaataa AiQaYzata presiding deity (not in dico)
Adhik [S.], adj. 1. increased, exceeding; more (than “se”); many; much; very much, or many; great; abundant. 2. excessive; too much, too many. 3. additional. ~se~ at most. Aur ~ , adj. still more p25
Adhikătar [S], adj. 1. greater, preponderant; very many or much, &c. 2. adv. To a great extent; much; frequently; usually. ~ log, m. pl. most of the people (involved).
Adhuuraa, adj. 1. incomplete, unfinished; imperfect, not fully formed; immature (a foetus; an adolescent; a plant). 2. ineffective
Adhy-ayan [S], m. 1. reading. *2. study p28
Aadi, m. & adj. 1. m. beginning; origin. 2. adj. first, prior; primary; original. 3. primeval; early; primitive. 4. pre-eminent. 5. in comp. beginning with, and so on. 6. adv. Etcetera
Aadii, adj. 1. accustomed (to/ka). 2. habitual
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Aafat, f. 1. misfortune; disaster; trouble, turmoil. 2. hardship, misery
Age , adv. 1. in front, out in front; ahead; further, further on. 2. confronting; opposite; in view, in sight. 3. in the future; again, in future. 4. next (time or place); afterwards, later. 5. previously, first; already; formerly. . furthermore. 7. (“ke/se”) in front, out in front (of)…p81 Advanced
Agya*: as you command. See aa-jñaa
Aham [aham, aham-], pron. 1. the self, the ego 2. m. egoismAhamkaar, m. sense of self, egoism; pride; arrogance; self-respect
Aisaa, adj. & m. 1. adj. of this sort. 2. m. such a thing (as this). 3. ppn. like. 4. adv. In this way
A-jar [S], adj. not subject to age or decay; unchanging; ever young
Aa-jiivan [S], adj. lifelong.
Aa-jñaa [S], f. 1. command, order; rule, sway, writ. 2. commandment, precept. 3. permission, leave.
Ajuubaa [A ujuuba], adj. inv. & m. 1. adj. wonderful. 2. m. a miracle. 3. object, or person, of great interest or admiration.
Aak [arka-], m. swallow-wort, Calotropis gigantean (a medicinal plant = madaar)
Aa-kaaṅkṣaa [S], f. 1. wish, desire; ambition. 2. intention. 3. hope, expectation.
Aa-kaar [S], m. 1. appearance. 2. form, shape; a statue. 3. expression (of the features). 4. type; way, manner. 5. size; bulk. 6. format (of a book)
Akarta: The One who accomplishes actions, but is totally detached from the fruit of those actions, from those actions, as if He was not doing any actions. Yes, this is the correct meaning, Baba gives this clarification.
Aakarsaṇ [S], m. 1. attracting, attraction. 2. attractiveness, charm
Aa-karsit [S], adj. drawn, attracted; fascinated.
Akartavyă see Kartavyă unworthy, irresponsible
A-kaatyaa, adj. incontrovertible.
A-khaṇḍ [S], adj 1. unbroken, undivided, entire; unlimited. 2. uninterrupted, continuous. 3. indivisible, indestructible.
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A-khaṇḍătaa [S], f. wholeness, entirety; integrity.
Akhbaar: newspaper
Akhiir, adv. – aakhir
Aakhir, adj. & m. 1. adj. last, final; latter. *2. adv. finally, at last; eventually; in the end, after all. 3. m. end. 4. outcome. P79
Aakhirii, adj. 1. last, final, having to do with the end; latter. 2. final, irrevocable
Aksar, adv. 1. usually. 2. for the most part, generally. 3. often. ~ karke, adv. = ~
A-ksar [S.], adj. & m. 1. adj. imperishable; unchangeable. 2. m. a character of a syllabary or other writing system; a syllable; letter. 3. pl. a writing system, syllabary, alphabet…~-shodhan, m. proof-reading….p11
Akṣoni/akṣohiṇii [ad. akṣauhiṇii-], f. an army
Akṣauhiṇii (AL) 1. army consisting of 1,09,350 foot-soldiers, 65,610 horses, 21,870 chariots and 21,870 elephants. 2. vast army, legion
A-kṣem [S], m& adj. 1. m. misfortune. 2. adj. unfortunate, wretched.
A-ksunn, adj. unbroken; continuing.
Alag alag prakar: different types
Alankaar, m. 1. ornament, embellishment. 2. rhet. An ornament of sound or sense; figure of speech. 3. a decoration (military, civil)
Aalasyă [S], m. 1. laziness. 2. inactivity, inertia; drowsiness.
Alaavaa [A.ilaava], adv. (as ppn. often inverted.)sg laid on top: 1. in addition (to/ke), over and above. 2. apart (from); moreover.
Aalay, m. esp. in comp. house, abode, place
Albelaa, adj. 1. charming, beautiful, handsome. 2. showy (in dress, manner). 3. strange, odd.Albelaapan [cf. H. albelaa], m. charm, &c
Algaav [cf. H. alag, algaanaa], m. 1. separate state. 2. detachment, aloofness. 3. apathy. 4. alienation (from/se). 5. segregation; isolation. (algaanaa = alag karnaa)
Almast, adj. 1. drunk. 2. lustful. 3. furious, infuriated. 4. mad, crazed. *5. transf. carefree
Alp [S.], adj. 1. small; little (of amount), few; short. 2. insignificant, unimportant.
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Alpkaalik/ alpkaaliin, adj. short-lived; short-term, temporary
A-mar [S], adj & m. . 1. adj. immortal; eternal. 2. m. a divine being
Amaanat, f. 1. sg. entrusted, deposited or assigned; a deposit; a security. 2. charge, trust, guardianship
Aamdanii, f. 1. income; revenue. 2. proceeds, profit. 3. imports importation
Aṃguuthaa [ańgustha-], m. 1. the thumb. 2. the big toe
Amn [A], m. tranquillity, peace.
A-mogh [S], adj. unerring, unfailing (a stratagem etc.)
Aṃś [S], m. 1. part, portion; Brbh. Part or mwnmber of the body. 2. section, division; group; digit (of the moon). 3. share; inheritance. 4. fin. a share. 5. stake, bet. 6. an amount due, fee. 7. extent, degree. 8. degree (of rotation, temperature). 9. numerator (of a fraction). 10 pith, marrow; substance. 11. strength, vigour
Aanaa, vi. 1. to come; to approach; to arrive; to reach (a place, or point). 2. to enter; to appear. 3. to be acquired (skill, knowledge:by, ko). 4. to be perceived or felt (by/ko: thoughts, emotions). 6. to grow, to develop (as crops, fruit); to come into vogue (a word or usage); to be inflamed (as a boil). 7. to take on a form or a guise. 8. to rise, to overflow. 9. to sit well (on/men), to fit. 10. to beseem, to grace (one/ko). 11. to be intent (on/par). 12. to issue, or to be voided. 13. to be completed, perfected (a dish; a work). 14. to be contained, held (in/men); fig. to be taken in, deceived (by). 15. to be obtained; to be purchased (for a price: men, or ko). 16. m. coming, arrival p 87.
An-abhi-jñă [S], f. unaware, ignorant
An-abhi-jñătaa [S], f. unawareness, ignorance
Anaadi: eternal
Andaaz, m. 1. rough estimate. 2. conjecture, guess. 3. manner, style; gait; gestures. 4. affectation. ~ karnaa or algaanaa (kaa), to estimate; to evaluate; to conjecture.
Andhaa, adj & m. 1. blind. 2. benighted, foolish. 3. hoodwinked, deceived. 4. dim (as a lamp, a room, a bad mirror, or a dry or overgrown well). 5. transf. filled in (a well). 6. a blind man. ~ karnaa, to blind; to blindfold; to trick, to deceive. P 7
Andhăkăr [S], m. 1. darkness. 2. benightedness. Andhăkărmay, adj. dark, etc.
An-honii, sg improbable, or impossible.
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Aṅg [S.], m. 1. limb, member; organ. 2. the body. 3. part, constituent; branch (of knowledge); genre (of literature); section (of a whole). 4. member (of a society, group). 5. side, aspect (of a question). 6. gram. Base. P2 (ex)
An-ginat, adj.1. uncounted. 2. innumerable.
An-ginaa [cf. H. ginnaa], adj. 1. uncounted. 2. innumerable.
Añjăli [S], f. 1. the hollowed hands placed together and raised to the forehead (in salutation, or entreaty). 2. a double handful p4
Añjaam [P. anjaam], m. end, completion, conclusion. 2. result, upshot. ~ paanaa, to be finished, &c. ~ denaa (ko), to finish, &c; to manage, to carry out (a task)
Aṅk [S], m. 1. a number, a figure. 2. a mark, spot, line; stamp; brand; price-mark. 3. sthg written: a letter, syllable; marginal annotation. 4. number, issue (of a publication). 5. numerical position: place, or mark (as in a class); valuation. 6. act (of a drama). 7. point (in a game). 8. hip (of a mother as when carrying a young child), lap; embrace. 9. the body
Ansh matr: not even a trace
Antaraal, m. & adj. interval; interior; internal, central
Antim [S.], adj. last; final; ultimate.
Aṇu [S], m. & adj. a particle, fragment, tiny amount; speck. 2. an atom. 3. a molecule. 4. adj. minute, microscopic.
Anu-bhav [S], m. 1. perception; consciousness. 2. feeling. *3. experience (of/kaa, se); impression (of)
Anu-bhuuti [S], f. 1. perception. 2. realisation. *3 feeling; sensitivity (of feeling)
Anu-kuul [S], adj. 1. conformable to; in accord with. 2. favourable; helpful. 3. well-disposed. 4. ppn. (w. ke). In accordance (with); according to.
Anu-modan [S], m. 1. approval. 2. encouragement, incitement. 3. seconding (a motion).
Anu-saar, m. conformity to usage: 1. ppn. (w. ke). According, conformably (to); answering (to); following, like. 2. adv. In comp. id. Niyamaanusar, in accordance with rule or habit.
Anu-śaasak [S], m. 1. one in control; governor; administrator. 2. preceptor. 3. proctor.
Anu-śaasan [S], m. 1. control; discipline. 2. control; management. 3. directive, precept
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Anu-śaasanhiin a. undisciplinedAnu-śaasanhiintaa f. indiscipline
Anu-ṣṭhaan [S], m. carrying out, undertaking (an activity). 2. beginning, inception. 3. observance, rite, practice.
Anyǎ. Adj. other; different
A-ny-aay, m. 1. injustice, wrong. 2. oppression, outrage.A-ny-aayii, adj. & m. 1. adj. unjust, wrong. 2. oppressive; wicked. 3. m. an unjust person. 4. a wrong-doer.
Aa-pădaa [S], f. 1. misfortune, disaster. 2. distress p88
Apă-maan [S], m. 1. disrespect; disparagement; slander. 2. dishonour, disgrace; libel. 3. insult. 4. contempt
Apke agya ho*: if you permit
A-paar [S], adj. 1. shoreless. 2. unbounded; infinite. 3. impassable. 4. unsurpassed, incomparable. 5. excessive.
Aapas [cf.aatman-], f. kindred, brotherhood; intimate groupAapas rehna: to live in harmony; to live as man and wife Aapas me: together
Apnaanaa, vt. 1. to make (a person or thing) one’s own, &c (= apnaa karnaa). 2. to follow, to adopt (an attitude or a course of action)
Apnaapan, m. 1. kinship. 2. affinity, intimacy. 3. self-respect
Apne aap, refl. Pron. oneself; adv. on one’s own, &c. (= aap se aap, aap hii aap)
Aql, f. understanding, good sense; mind; wisdom
A-raajakătaa [S], f. anarchy
Aaraam: confortable
Aṛaanaa, [see arnaa below], vt. 1. to cause to stop, to check; to obstruct. 2. to ram, to thrust (into/men); to push, to shove (against/se). 3. to stop up, toplug, to cork. 4. to jam, to wedge (objects together); to give support to. 5. to use pressure or force; to compel. 6. to suspend, to postpone
Aṛcan, f. obstacles, hindrance, difficulty (in the matter of/mein)
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Aṛnaa, vi. 1. to come to a stop, to stop; to stick. 2. to be obstinate; to jib; to be obstructive. 3. to intervene, to interfere (in/men). 4. to be determined (on/par). 5. to be or to become jammed, locked, wedged, or entangled. 6. to knock, to jostle (against/se). 7. to be in pawn
Arpan, m. 1. delivering, entrusting. 2. placing in or upon. 3. an offering; sacrifice; gift. ~karnaa, to present, to offer (a gift…); to devote (to/ko); to dedicate (to) (voir samarpan).
Arś [A `arś], m. U. 1. highest heaven. 2. throne
Arth [S], m. 1. object, purpose; motive; interest. 2. advantage, profit. *3. sense, meaning. *4. substance, wealth; assets; worldly prosperity; finance, finances; in comp. economy (of a state). 5. gram. mood. 6. (in comp.) for the purpose, or the sake, of. 7. for the sake (of/ke) p 56Arthaat: meaningArth sahit: with meaning
Aarzuu f. wish, desire, longing, craving, yarning (= aarjuu)
Aaśaa [S], f. 1. hope, expectation; prospect. 2. trust, reliance (on/par or kii). 3. wish, desire
Aa-sakti, f. 1. attachment, attraction (to/se). 2. devotion (to); infatuation (with).
Aasaan [P], adj. 1. easy; simple. 2. manageable; convenient
Aasan [S], m. 1. sitting; posture. 2. a seat; mat of cloth, grass or skin (as used to sit on in prayer). 3. place, seat (as of an ascetic). 4. a posture (as in yoga)
A-śaant, adj. not at peace, restless; disturbedA-śaanti, f. 1. restlessness, anxiety; concern. 2. disturbance; disturbed situation
Asar [A], m. footprint: 1. effect. 2. impression; influence. ~ karnaa/paṛnaa (par or mein), to have an effect (on), to be effective
Aasaar, m. 1. tracks, traces. *2. signs, indications; symptoms. 3. relics, monuments. 4. foundation (as of a building). 5. breadth (of a wall).
Aasiin [S], adj. 1. seated. 2. installed, ensconced (in/par); occupying (a post).
Aaśiq, m. loving: a lover. ~ honaa, to be or fall in love (with/par)Aaśiq-maaśuuq, m. pl. lover and beloved, lovers.
Asl, m. f. & adj. 1. m. f. origin, base source. 2. substance, essence; original or real nature. 3. stock, lineage. 4. m. a man of good family. 5. an original (document &c). 6. principal (amount: as opposed to interest).
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~ mein, adv. In fact; positively, absolutely.
Asliyat, f. 1. reality. 2. essential quality. 3. originality. 4. genuineness; purity.
Aslii, adj. 1. original; primary, basic; primitive; indigenous. 2. real, essential; actual. 3. genuine; unadulterated, pure. 4. inherent, innate.
Aasmaan, m. the sky; the heavens (p98 expressions)
A-sparś [S], m. hind. Non-contact: prohibition of physical contact (of one who has washed, before worship or eating, and of a woman in her period)
A-śraddhaa [S], f. 1. disbelief, want of faith. 2. lack of reverence or esteem.
Aśrafii, , f. var. /aśarfii/. A gold coin formerly current worth variously between sixteen and twenty-five rupees.
A-sthaayii [S], adj. 1. unfixed, impermanent; of short duration. 2. small (works)
Aastiin [P], m. 1. sleeve. 2. cuff.
Astră [S], m. 1. a weapn (esp. any missile: spear, arrow, &c). 2. armament. 3. transf. means, resources.
Aasur [S.], adj. & m. 1. adj. pertaining to an evil spirit. 2. m. an evil spirit
Aasuri [cf.aasura-]. Adj. = aasur.
Aaśu [S.], adv. swiftlyAaśuto, adj. easily pleased; ; soon appeased
Aṭaknaa, vi. 1. to be stopped, hindered or checked; to be withheld (as pay). 2. to hesitate, to falter (as in speech). 3. to delay, to linger. 4. to stick, to catch. 5. Brbh. To be caught (by/se). 6. to be fastened, attached (to/men, par). 7. to be entangled, or infatuated (with or by/se); to have an affair (with/se). 8. fig. to be dependent (on/se); to be under the control (of).
Aatam, Brbh. Av. (chiefly in comp.) = aatmaa
Aa-tătaayii [S], m. one whose bow is drawn: 1. one intent on violence: a dangerous criminal (as a murderer, poisoner, incendiary). 2. a tyrant; oppressor
Atǎvaa [S.], conj.or
A-thaah [asthaagha-], adj. & m. 1. adj. bottomless, unplumbed. 2. beyond a man’s depth, unfordable (water, a river). 3. fig. imponderable. 4. a depth, abyss.
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Arthat Aqaa-t It means fo’okl fnykuk=to reassure] <k<+l ca/kkuk =to comfortBut the Father has given this assurance (aathat) to everyone.
Ati, adj&f. chiefly in comp. 1. adj. very much, very great. 2. excessive. 3. beyond (in point of time or space). 4. excess, immoderateness.
Aty-aa-caar [S], m. 1. transgression (of rules, propriety). 2. excess, outrageous action; atrocity. 3. tyranny
Aticaar, m. 1. trespass 2. defiance 3. violation
Aatmaa p84Aatmaaniṣṭh, adj. concerned with the self (and its relation to the ultimate being); subjective.
Aatmik [S.], adj. 1. having to do with the self, or with the soul. 2. spiritual.
Aughaṛ [cf. H. ghaṛhnaa], adj. 1. misshapen. 2. awkward, ungainly; uncouth. 3. strange
Aulaad [A.: pl of valad], f. children; offspring; descendants
Aur [apara-], conj. & adv. 1. conj. And; moreover. 2. but, still. 3. adv. Besides, additionally; further, again. 4. otherwise, else. 5. adj. other, different. 6. extra, additional. ~ ~, adj. others besides; various, different. ~ ek, adj. another. ~ ka ~, adv. Quite different; quite changed; contrary, reversed. ~ kuch, something different; something further, some more. ~ koii, another, a different; someone else. ~ kahiin, elsewhere. ~ kya, adv. What else? Of course! You know! ~ to ~, adv. Others apart; what of others? ~ bhii, adv. Again, further; still more; furthermore. ~ hii, adj. quite different. ~ hii kuch, sg. quite new, unexampled.Aur ek: anotherAur ka aur: quite different, quite changed, contraryAur kahin: elsewhere
Avă-gaah [S], adj & m. /Avă-gaahan [S], m. Av. 1. adj. deep, bottomless. 2. unattainable. 3. m. bathing. 4. plunge, dive. 5. immersion (as in thought).Avgaahan karnaa v.t. to get immersed, to investigate
Avă-guṇ [S], m. 1.defect, fault. 2. vice
Aa-vaah- [aavaahayati], vt. Brbh. To call, to summon.
Aa-vaahan [S.], m. 1. calling, summons. 2. invitation; an appeal. 3. invocation.
Avă-jñaa [S], m. disregard, disrespect (as for a person, or an order); neglect; contempt.
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Avă-mānătā [S], f. disregard, downgrading (for, of/kii)
Aa-vartan [S], m. 1. turning motion, rotation; turn; return. 2. recurrence.
Avashyǎ, adj. unrestrained, uncontrolled. 2. adv. Necessarily, without doubt; at all costs; without fail. 3. certainly, of course.
Avǎ-sthaa, f. 1. state; condition; circumstances, situation. 2. stage (of life, progress); age.
Aavaaz (f): voice, sound
Aaveg: haste, fit of anger
A-vidyaa [S], f. 1. ignorance. 2. false understanding, error. 3. transf. illiteracy. 4. stupidity
Aa-vRitti [S], f. 1. recurrence, repetition. 2. rehearsing, learning by heart (a lesson, &c.) 3. (new edition of a book)
A-vy-yakt [S], adj. 1. unmanifested; unknown. 2. unclear. 3. imperceptible.
Aayu, f. 1. span of life, age; long life. 2. period of time; term
.BBB.
Baat, f. 1. sg. said, a word, remark; speech, talk, words; conversation; discussion. 2. a matter, topic, subject, concern; fact; thing. 3, news, account; report p722
Bhii, adv. & conj. . encl. 1. also; too. 2. as much as, even. ab ~, even now, still. ek ~ nahin, not even one. 3. besides, additionally; still. 4. furthermore. 5. of any quantity or identity, kuch ~ ho, whatever it may be. 6. by any means, by all mean; at all events. ~ … ~, both … and. To ~, but even so
Aur bhii: moreover, likewiseBhii nahin: not evenKuch kahoo bhii to: please do say something.Cup bhii raho: really shut upBaitho bhii: do sit down
Babuul [babbuula-], m. f. the acacia tree
Bachiyaa, f. 1. a calf (female). 2. colloq. girl, child (term of endearment)
Bacnaa [vacyate], vi. 1. to be saved, to be safe; to escape (to escape (from/se); to survive; to be spared (by fate, illness); to recover. 2. to be left over; to be saved (as money, food).
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3. to turn away (from); to avoid (as error, vice); to avoid (as an unwanted visitor); to keep clear (of:as of vehicles) p697
Bacpan: childhood
Badalnaa [cf. H. badal], vi&t. 1. vi. To change, to be changed; to vary; to be transformed. 2. to be exchanged (for sg else). 3. to be removed; to be transferred; to be transplanted. 4. to change for the worse; to look older; to fade. 5. vt. To change (sg), to alter; to transform; to disguise. 6. to exchange..8. to misrepresent (meaning, intention) p703
Badhaaii, f. 1. congratulation(s). 2. festivity, festivities. 3. congratulatory gift. 4. growth, increase. ~ denaa (ko), to congratulate (one: on/par, ke liye, kii)
Badlaa [cf. A. badal], m. 1. exchange. 2. substitute. 3. recompense; compensation; restitution. 4. return, retaliation; revenge; reprisal. 5. ppn. (w. ke), in exchange or return (for).
Baadśaah m. sovereign, monarch, king; emperor.
Baadśaahat [P], f. 1. sovereign rule, sway. 2. empire, kingdom.
Baadśaahaanaa [P. paadśaahaana], adj. inv. & adv. 1. adj. regal, royal; pertaining to the crown (as land, court); imperial
Badtar: worse
Bagair, adv (ke bagair): without, excluding, except.
Bagar, m. reg. (W.) 1. a house. 2. enclosure for cattle
Bagarnaa, vi. Reg. to spread, to scatter.
Bagulaa, m. = baglaaBaglaa [cf. baka-], m. 1. heron. 2. ? crane. Baglaa-bhagat, m. false devotee, hypocrite (expl why p 697)
Bahaadur, adj & m. 1. adj. brave, bold. 2. m. hero. 3. (affixed to a name) a partic. Honorific title.
Bahaanaa, m. 1. excuse, pretext. 2. evasion, subterfuge. 3. affectation. ~ karnaa, to make an excuse; to sham; to prevaricate. Bhane, adv. under the pretext, &c. (of/ke).
Bahaanaa [cf. H. bahnaa], vt. 1. to cause to flow; to put forth or out; to shed (tears, blood); to express (liquid). 2. to cause to float; to set adrift ( a boat etc.); to launch. 3. to wash away (as dirt , or sin). 4. to sweep away, to ruin (as a reputation). 5. to drive away (clouds). 6. to squander (money). 7. to sell very cheaply.
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Bahnaa [vahati], vi. 1. to flow. 2. to float; to drift; to glide. 3. to overflow (as a tank). 4. to run, or to ooze (as a wound). 5. to melt, to run (as wax). 6. to blow (a wind). 7. Av. To carry. 8. to be carried away; to be separated, dispersed; to fly (in the wind: a kite). 9. to slip, to fall or to fly from place (a piece of clothing). 10. Brbh. to wander, to stray. 11. esp. w. calnaa. to be ruined, depraved. 12. to be squandered (money). 13. to exist no more (an attitude). 14. to become watery; to dissolve.
Bahaar, f. 1. spring. 2. flourishing state; youth; prime. 3. beauty, splendour; elegance. 4. delight. 5. mus. Name of a raaginii
Bahiśt [P. bihiśt], f. paradise. ~ kaa, adj. Fig. delightful, refreshing (as climate, &c.)
Baithnaa, vi. 1. to sit, to sit down. 2. to board, to mount. 3. to brood (a hen) 4. to sink; to decline, to be impaired; to grow hoarse (voice); to founder (as a business). 5. to subside (as a swelling); to settle (a precipitate). 6. to collapse (a building). 7. to grow lukewarm (in support). 8. to take up, to assume occupancy. 9. to be expended (on/par, money). 10. to take part. (in/mein: a class); to sit (an examination) 11. to take root, to grow (a crop). 12. to alight, to settle; to take (as a graft); to take up residence. 13. to sit idle, unemployed. 14. to set (as the sun). 15. to pair, to couple (with/ke saath: animals, birds). 16. to lose quality, taste, flavour etc. 17. to weigh (on a scale etc.); to amount to (in weigh, value). 18. to strike home, or true (a blow, shot). 19. to be placed, to sit (on/par: as a hat). 20. to have force. 21. to become practised (as the hand, in a skill)
Bajnaa, vt. To sound, to resound: 1. to be played (a musical instrument). 2. to be struck (a bell, gong etc.); to be clapped (the hands). 3. to strike (a clock). 4. to be fired, to go off (gun etc.). 5. to chatter (teeth). 6. to be wielded violently (swords, staves; or shoes: against/par). 7. fig. to be known (as), to go under the name (of)Bajaanaa, vt. To cause to sound: 1. to play (instrument, recording). 2. to strike (bell, gong); to beat (drum); to clap. 3. colloq to shoot off, to fire (gun…)…
Bajraa, m. 1. a keelless, round-bottomed passenger boat (used for river travel). 2. a barge.
Bajraa, m. reg. (W.) millet
Baal [balaa-], adj. & m. 1. adj. young. 2. m. a young person; child, boy; youth; infant. 3. a minor. A juvenile. 4. one yet immature. 5. a young animal; a colt; young elephant.Baal [baalaa-], fig. girl.Baal [vaala-], m. 1. a hair. 2. a crack, hairline (in glass, porcelain; or in a pearl). 3. pl. the hair of the head.Baal [valla-: Pk. vaalaa-], f. ear or spike of corn.Baal [P.], m. wing
Baalak [S], m. a child, a boy
Baaluu [vaalukaa-], f. sand, gravel. ~ kii, adj. sandy (soil)(Baalui: sandy)
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Baṁdhnaa, vi & m. 1. vi. To be fastened, bound, tied (to/se, ke saath). 2. to be enclosed, confined; to be imprisoned. 3. to be caught, ensnared. 4. to be under obligation, to have no choice (in a matter). 5. to be built, erected. 6. to be continuous, uninterrupted (as thought); to be kept in mind (a memory; to be regular or constant. 7. to be fixed (as a wage). 8. to be customary. 9. to be involved, entangled (with/se). 10. m. cord, string, thread. 11. wrapper; needlecase
Baaṁsurii [cf. vaṁśii-], f. pipe, flute
Baan, m. 1. arrow; projectile. 2. an implement used in scotching cotton.
Ban [vana-¹], m. 1. forest, jungle; scrub country; wood; grove, thicket. 2. reg. cotton in the field, cotton crop. 3. reg. payment in kind for field-work (as weeding, reaping). 4. pl. price paid for pasturage p 704
Bannaa, vi: to be made (from/se; of/kaa). 2. to be created, formed; to be composed; to be invented. 3. to be constructed. Built. 4. to be established. 5. to be prepared; to be cooked. 6. to be finished, completed; to be managed, or achieved. 7. to turn out right; to fit. 8. to be possible, contrivable. 9. to be fixed, settled (a matter). 10. to be set to rights; to be repaired (as a watch); to be operated on successfully (a part of the body); to be adjusted; to be improved, to improve; to be trimmed (hair, beard); to be decorated (a garment. &c.); to be dressed up. 11. to become; to be appointed (to a post). 12. to be assumed (a air, a disguise); to act (a part). 13. to be changed into (from/se). 14. to be gained, made (as profit). 15. to come about, to happen. 16. to continue. ~ rahnaa, to carry on (in present state); to remain unchanged; to be still alive, or in health. 17. to be suitable or appropriate (for a purpose, an occasion). 18. to prosper; to get on well or harmoniously (with) “unmein khuub bantii hai”, they get on very well. 19. to be healthy, robust. 20. to make oneself look foolish; to be ridiculed. ~ aanaa, to have good fortune; to succeed (as a venture); to come to pass; to turn (on/par)Banaanaa: to make (p 705)
Banaavaṭ, f. make, construction; structure. 2. build (of body). 3. nature, character; composition (as of soil). 4. form, appearance. 5. show, display; affectation. 6. artifice, art. 7. a fiction, pretence; forgery; an imitation.
Band, adj. & m. 1. adj. fastened, tied, bound. 2. enclosed; confined. 3. closed, shut. 4. stopped (as a mechanism); turned off (appliance, electricity etc). 5. come to an end; stopped…prohibited..8. filled (hole, gap). 9. heavy, oppressive (air atmosphere). 10. m. a fastening, or tie; belt; lace, draw-string; bandage; band, strip, ribbon, knot. 11. joint (of the body); knuckle. 12. dam; embankment. 13. confinement, imprisonment …p692
Band karna: to stop
Bandaa, m. 1. servant; slave. 2. your servant (self deprecatory term used in addressing a superior
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Bandaa, m. reg. 1. pl. a grain-store. 2. W, the roof of a grain-store.
Bandhan, m. 1. fastening, tying together…p693
Bandhu [S.], m. 1. relative. 2. brother. 3. friend
Baan¶naa: to share (T?)
Baaqii [A], adj. & f. 1. adj. remaining, enduring, extant. *2. left over. 3. still to happen. 4. remainder. 5. surplus, credit balance. 6. balance outstanding, arrears, sum due. 7. adv. but yet, nonetheless
Baraa: adj. 1. big, large; great. 2. great (in prestige, standing); noble, eminent; important; wealthy. 3. senior (in years); elder; adult. 4. chief, principal (in rank or standing); senior; upper, high (as a court). 5. important (a matter, occasion); grave, serious. 6. adv. Very, exceedingly; excessively
Baraabar [P. baraabar], adj. & adv. 1. adj. abreast, level (with/ke); equal (as a score); even, quits (as rivals). 2. adjacent (to); neighbouring; opposite (to). 3. comparable, equal, exact; approximate. 4. uniform, similar. 5. smooth all over, level; filled in (a ditch); levelled, razed; finished (as work); brought to nothing, squandered (as a fortune). 6. parallel. 7. adv. leading directly, direct (a route). 8. constantly, regularly; continuously; straight on without interruption. 9. without delay.
Baraaii, f. 1. largeness; bulk, size; volume; extent. 2. prestige, standing. 3. seniority; rank. 4. praise, commendation; self-praise, boasting
Barapnaa [cf. H. barpaanaa], vi. To be set afoot, to be stirred up.
Baraat (or baaraat) [varayaatraa-], f. 1. marriage procession or journey (of bridegroom to bride’s house). 2. transf. marriage party, wedding guests. 3. troop, crowd. ~ karnaa/men jaanaa, to take part in a marriage procession
Baar baar: again and again
Barf, f. m. 1. ice. 2. snow; hail. 3. an ice-cream p711
Barhnaa [vardhate], vi. 1. to increase; to grow larger; to be extended; to be prolonged (a period). 2. to grow (living creature, plants). 3. to rise; to swell; to rise in price. 4. to be quickened (gait, pace). 5. to be advanced; to develop (as an activity). 6. to be extended (as influence). 7. to prosper, to flourish. 8. to go forward or ahead; to be let loose or free (as a kite). 9. to be stretched out (a hand etc.). 10. to surpass, to go beyond (se). 11. to be acquired…12. to be stopped (as a supply); to be checked. 13. to taken off (bangles, by a widow). 14. to be closed (a shop, a stall). 15. to be extinguished (a lamp)Barhaanaa: to extend, make increase, advance, grow
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Barhiyaa, adj. inv. 1. excellent, good (of quality), fine; nice. 2. fertile (soil). 3. high-priced (2nd meaning: a kind of stone obtained at Chunas)
Barqaraar rakhnaa [in: bar (5)], to establish, &c; to uphold; to confirm, to ratifyBarqaraar, fixed, established… maintainedBarobar, adj. & adv. corr. = baraabar
Barsaat: rain
Basaanaa [cf. H. basnaa]. Vt. 1. to cause to dwell; to settle (a country, a region). 2. to bring into cultivation (land). 3. to take into one’s house to stay (a traveler, &c). 4. to found (a town; a household or family) p714
Baat, f. p722 1.something said, a word, remark, speech, talk, words ; conversation ; discussion. 2. a matter, topic, subject, concern; fact; thing
Bataanaa, vt. 1. to inform ; to state, to tell ; to relate (to/ko) ; to describe. 2. to point out, to explain; to show (as a road); to indicate by gestures. 3. to indicate (as facts a conclusion). 4. colloq. To teach (one) a lesson, to punish
Bataur adv. 1. as, like. 2. in the nature of
¹Baṭiyaa, f. reg. narrow path or passage.²Baṭiyaa, f. 1. a small weight. 2. a small stone (as for grinding weighing). 3. a lump (as of clay, stone); idol.
Battii [vartikaa-], f. 1. wick; fuse. 2. light, candle; match; taper. 3. lamp; light (on a vehicle). 4. bundle(of thatching etc.); faggot. 5. stick (of sealing-wax). 6. lint. 7. twisted folds (of a turban etc)
Baṭvaaraa, m. = baṁṭvaaraa, m. 1. division, sharing (as of assets); partition (of land, territory). 2. allocation, distribution. 3. split, division, schism.
Baudhik praani: intellectual creature
Baazii, f. 1. game, play; a game, contest. 2. a game of chance; gambling. 3. wager, bet. 4. turn, play (in a game). ~ badnaa, or algaanaa, to lay a bet (on/kii); to stake
Be-, pref. without: in-, un-, im-, dis-, less-, &c. p744
Becaaraa, adj & m. without means or recourse, helpless; poor, wretched; a wretched person.
Begaanaa, adj. & m. 1. adj. strange, foreign, alien. 2. m. a stranger, foreigner; outsider
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Bekaar, adj. & m. = bekaam; without force, invalid; unoccupied (time); an unemployed person. ~ karnaa, to render useless, &c.; to invalidate; to thwart, to frustrate (as a plan)Bekaam, adj. useless, ineffective; worthless; without work
Behaal a. 1. miserable 2. indisposed 3. distressed 4. afflicted 5. on the verge of death
Beqaayadaa, adj. not in order; irregular; improper.
Besamajh, unintelligent, stupid
Betaal, adj. out of time (in music); out of time, rhythm
Bhaag [S], m. 1. part; share; division; section. 2. math. Fraction. 3. degree (of angle). 4. math. Division. 5. fate, lot. 6. ? distribution p 763
Bhaagnaa [cf. bhagna-1], vi. 1. to run away, to flee. 2. to run off, to vanish. 3. to keep clear (of/se), to avoid (a task, &c)
Bhagaanaa [cf. H. bhaagnaa], vt. & vi. 1. vt. To cause to flee: to chase away, to put to flight. 2. vi. Brbh. Av = bhaagnaa / bhaag se jaanaa, to abduct; to elope with
Bhaagiidaar: business partner
Bhagvaan, adj. & m. 1. adj. glorious, divine, to be adored; worshipful. 2. the supreme being (esp. as equated with Vishnu-Krishna). 3. title of a venerated deity (as the buddha). 4. any revered person (term of address).
Bhagvaanaa [cf H. ¹bhaagnaa], vt. to cause to be chased away (by/se); to put to flight.
Bhaagyă [S.], m. 1. fortune; fate; destiny. 2. chanceBhagyaśalii, fortunate, lucky
Bhagyaśaliirath: m. the maker of fortune
Bhal -, adj. good.
Bhalaa [cf.bhalla- ¹], adj & m.& interj. 1. adj. good; excellent. 2. honest, righteous. 3. kind, kindly. 4. in good health. 5. m. welfare. 6. advantage, benefit. 7. interj. Well! How lucky! 8. indeed, in truth. ~ hii, adv. let it be the case: even if; it may well be (but)
Bhaan [bhaana-1], m. 1. appearance. 2. consciousness (of/kaa); recollection
Bhaannaa, vt. esp in comp. = bhuunaa: vt. 1. to roast; to parch (grain); to bake. 2. to fry . 3. to scorch, to burn; to cause suffering (to)
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Bhaaṁti, f. 1. way, manner. 2. ppn. w. [kii]. In the manner of, like. ~ ~ ke/kii, adj. pl. various kinds (of)
Bhaṅgii, m. 1. name of a community of sweeper. 2. a man of the bhaṅgii community.
Bhar [cf. H. bharnaa], adv. & pref. & m. 1. adv. the amount of; the whole of. 2. at most, just. 3. pref. (usu. w. verbal elements.) the amount of ; the whole of. 4. m. load; bulk, size
Bharnaa, vi & vt. 1. vi. to be filled, to fill; to be full (of/se). 2. to be finished, complete (as days, time). 3. to abound (in/se); to be covered (with: as a table with books; or as a face with pock-marks). 4. esp. with jaanaa. to be blocked up. 5. to be loaded or charged (a firearm). 6. to be loaded (as burden: on/par). 7. to be covered, clogged, coated (with/se). 8. to be put or poured (into a container or space, so as to fill it wholly or partly: mein); to be cast (in a mould). 9. to be daubed, applied (as paint: to/mein). 10. to be paid, remitted (a full amount: as feed, tax); to be refunded, or maid good (a loss). 11. to fill, to ripen; to come to a head (as a boil). 12. to fill out (the body). 13. to heal (a wound). 14. to swell (as the feet from walking). 15. to be mated. (a female animal); to conceive. 16. to be satisfied. 17. (w. aanaa) to be moved (by feelings, emotion). 18. (w. jaanaa) to be overcome. 19. vt. to fill (with/se). 20. to perform. 21. to complete, to live out (one’s days). 22. to bestow in abundance. 23. to load (on to: par/mein). 24. to coat liberally (with/se: as the feet with lac). 25. to put or to pour (an object or substance into a container or space so as to fill it wholly or partly). 26. to insert (into/mein); to cram (in). 27. to load (a firearm). 28. to stow away (in/mein); to hoard. 29. to pay (a full amount: as fees, tax); to refund or to make good (a loss); to deposit (a pledge). 30. Brbh. To steep, to soak (in/mein). 31. to daub, to apply (on or to/mein); to paint; to paint a vivid or exaggerated picture (of). 32. to wind, to twine (on/mein). 33. to give, to depose (evidence etc.). 34. to pay (the penalty of ); to suffer in full measure for. 35. esp. w. lenaa. To exact a payment (from/se). 36. to satisfy. p760
Bharaanaa [cf. H. bharnaa], vt. 1. to cause to be filled. 2. to fill out (a form). 3. to feed its young (a bird). 4. to have made pregnant (a mare by a stallion)
Bharapuur: 1. brimful (débordant), abundant, replete (rempli, rassasié), prosperous. 2. adv. Fully, thoroughly
Bhaaratvarsh, m. BaartvaYa- region of Bharata; India
Bharmaanaa [cf. H. bhram], vt. & vi. 1. vt. To cause to stray, to mislead; to deceive. 2. to confuse; to tempt, to allure. 3. to alarm. 4. Brbh. Vi. To be confused, &c.
Bhaarii, adj. 1. heavy. 2. massive; vast; crowded (a gathering). 3. great, grand, vast; high (as hopes); large, great (as an amount, an expense); momentous (as a topic). 4. burdensome, difficult; grave (a responsibility, a problem); grievous (as a blow); dire (danger, disease); tiresome; oppressive (as climate). 5. of weight or substance (as an authority, proof, evidence). 6. precious, valuable. 7. heavy, sluggish (as the head, the
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energies); slow (of pace). 8. loud-sounding; deep (voice); hoarse. 9. burdened, dejected p765
Bhaaaa [S], f. 1. language, speech. 2. a language; a dialect. 3. vernacular usage (as distinct from a classical or semi-classical standard)
Bhasm [S], m. ashes ; cinders. ~ honaa, to be reduced to ashes; to be utterly destroyed
Bhaasn, m. 1. a speech; a lecture; talk. 2. speaking, utterance, speech
Bhaasnaa [bhaasati], vi. To appear, to be known.
Bhaṭaknaa, vi. 1. to stray, to wander. 2. to lose the way. 3. to err. 4. to be restless, to pine (for/ke lie). bhaṭaknaa phirnaa, to wander about (aimlessly, or lost)
Bhautikvaadii: materialistic
Bhavisyǎ, adj. & m. 1. adj. future. 2. m. the future. 3. gram. future tense.
Bhav [S.], m. 1. being, existence. 2. natural state, character or quality; disposition, temperament. 3. way, manner. 4. intention, purpose. 5. meaning, purport. 6. astron. Aspect (of heavenly bodies). 7. mind, heart, soul. 8. emotion, feeling; instinctive good-will; implicit belief; inclination. 9. notion, idea. 10. outward indication of emotion or meaning; expression; gesticulation. 11. gram. Mood. 12. price; going rate, rate of exchange.Bhav-bhangii, f. = bhav, 10; partic. manner, mannerism
Bhavan [S], m. 1. place of being or abode: building (esp. a public); chamber (legislative); mansion; palace. 2. coming to being, birth.
Bhay [S.], m. fear; misgivings. ~ karnaa, to be afraid (of,se), ~ khaanaa (se), id. ~ dikhaanaa, or denaa (ko), to put in fear; to intimidate, to threaten. ~ lagnaa, fear to be felt. ~ honaa, fear to be felt (by, ko). Bhay-bhiit, adj. frightened, afraid. Bhayaatur, adj. fearful.
Bhayankar [S], adj. fearsome, terrible
Bhed [S], m. splitting, separating: 1. difference, distinction; peculiarity. 2. kind, species. 3. discrimination (between/mein; against/, ke saath). 4. secret matter, mystery. 5. division (as between allies); breach, rupture (in relations). 6. fissure
Bheṁṭ, f. 1. meeting (with/se); visit. 2. an interview. 3. present (as to a superior; an offering (to a deity). 4. a votive hymn
Bhii, adv. & conj. . encl. 1. also; too. 2. as much as, even. ab ~, even now, still. ek ~ nahin, not even one. 3. besides, additionally; still. 4. furthermore. 5. of any quantity or
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identity, kuch ~ ho, whatever it may be. 6. by any means, by all mean; at all events. ~ … ~, both … and. To ~, but even so
Bhii nahin: not even
Bhiikh, f. 1. begging. 2. alms. ~ maangnaa, to beg (from/se)
Bhikhmaṁgaa [H bhiikh + H. maaṁgnaa], m. beggar
Bhinn [S], adj. & m. 1. adj. divided, separated; separate. 2. distinct, different; other. 3. split, broken. 4. open (a flower). 5. m. a fraction
Bhiiṛ, f. 1. a crowd, crush. 2. transf. great quantity (of work, or troubles) p768
Bhoktaa, m. inv. Enjoyer: 1. consumer (of food); good liver; epicure. 2. one who makes use of (goods, a service, etc.). 3. one who experiences.
Bhog, m. 1. enjoyment; pleasure in food; eating. 2. use; benefit (of funds, property). 3. experiencing (an emotion); pleasure, gratification; suffering. 4. sexual enjoyment, sexual intercourse. 5. any object of enjoyment: food; food offered to an idol. 6. astron. Presence (of a planet in a partic. constellation).
Bhognaa, vt. 1. to enjoy. 2. to suffer for (as for sins). 3. to experience; to suffer; to endure.
Bhogii, adj. & m. 1. adj. enjoying, using, experiencing, &c. 2. voluptuous. 3. m. one who enjoys the pleasures of the senses. 4. a voluptuous person.
Bhojan [S], m. 1, eating; a meal. 2. food. ~ karnaa, to dine; to give food (to/kaa). Bhojan-shaalaa, f. eating-place; kitchen. Bhojan-suucii, f. menu. Bhojanaalay, m. eating-place; restaurant (esp. vegetarian)It is the food prepared or eaten in remembrance by the Brahmins. It is called Brahma Bhojan because we remember the incorporeal in the corporeal one (i.e. Brahma).
Bholaa, adj. 1. simple; innocent. 2. sillyBholaa-bhaalaa, adj. = bholaaBholaanath, m. title of Śiva
Bhram- [ad. Bhramati], vi. Brbh. 1. to wander. 2. to err.
Bhraṣṭ [S], adj. 1. fallen. 2. corrupted, corrupt. 3. debased; polluted; violatedBhraṣṭaacaar, m. depraved or corrupt conduct or behaviourBhraṣṭaacaarii, m. a depraved person, &c
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Bhuu [S], f. 1. th earth, the world. 2. land, ground. 3. place; site. Bhuukamp, m. earthquake. P771
Bhuul, f. 1. forgetfulness, oversight; omission. 2. mistake, slip, error. ~ karnaa, to make a mistake et. Bhuul-cuk, f. = bhuul 1. , bhuul-bhulaiyan, f. maze, labyrinth.
Bhuulnaa: to forgetBhuul gaya: forgot
Bhuut (m): ghost
Hk;adj terrible bhayankar
Biibii, f. 1. lady; wife; elder sister; sister-in-law. 2. a term of endearment:lady, &c.
Biic, m. & ppn. 1. m. middle. 2. intervening space, or time; distinction, difference, separation. 3. average, mean. 4. mediation. 5. ppn. w. “ke”. Between, among. 6. during
Bicaaraa = becaara
Bichaṛnaa vi. 1. to be separated (from/se); to be parted. 2. to turn away, aside (from). 3. transf. to be sprained (a joint)
Bicchuu, (p731) m. scorpio. 2. the sign Scorpio (of the zodiac). 3. colloq. HSS. A stinging nettle. 4. pl. a kind of firework.
Bicuurnaa, vt. Reg. to pull to pieces, to break (sg) up.
BigaRnaa, ibagaD,naa vi. 1. to be spoiled, to deteriorate… 2. to fail, to go wrong… 3. to be corrupted; to become depraved. 4. to be damaged; to break down (machine); to be destroyed (reputation) 5. to be wasted (money) 6. to grow angry; to become estranged (friends); to quarrel p730
Biij [biija-], m. 1. seed; kernel; grain. 2. roe. 3. foetus, embryo. 4. source, primary cause. 5. kernel, central morif (or plot). 6. symbol, sign, token; a cryptic allusion.biijaaropaṅ, m. sowing seed; planting.
Bikharnaa, vi. 1. to be scattered (seed); to be dispersed. 2. to be disarranged; to be dishevelled (hair). 3. to be waisted, spoiled. 4. to become infatuated (with/par). 5. to become angry, enraged
Bilkul, adv. Entirely, completely; quite
Bilornaa, vt. 1. to stir, to shake about. 2. to churn
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Biitnaa [cf. vtta-], vi. 1. to pass, to elapse (time). 2. to come to pass, to happen. 3. to be experienced (as events)
Bitaanaa, vt. To cause to pass, to spend (time)
Biivii [P biibii], f, = biibii.
Bojh, m. 1. load, burden; cargo; freight 2. weight (esp. weight to be carried). 3. responsibility; onus.
Bolii, f. 1. speech, manner of speech; dialect; language; idiom. 2. talk, conversation; words. 3. bid (at auction). 4. song or note (of birds). 5. taunt; ridicule. ~ karnaa/kasnaa/bolnaa/maarnaa (par), to reproach; to make fun (of), to ridicule.Bolii-ṭholii, f. a sarcastic or derogatory remark.
Bonaa, vt. & m. 1. vt. To sow, to broadcast (seed); to plant. 2. m. sowing, seed-time.
Boriyaa [cf H. boraa], f. dimin. A small sack or bag. ~-bistar, m. esp. pej. bag and baggage
Boyar, m. reg. (W) land constantly under cultivation.
Brahmacarya, m. religious studentship, the state of a Braahmaṇ or student in the first of the four stages of life; asceticism; chastity.
Buddhi, f. 1. intelligence, understanding; mind; sense; wisdom. 2. thought, reflection p741. buddhivaad, m. belief in reason
Buddhuu [cf. H. buddh], m. iron. Blessed fellow: stupid fellow (other dico: stupid, dull, fool…)
Bukhaar, m. 1. fever. 2. fig. feverish passion, agitation; anger; animosity; grief; terror
Bulaanaa: to call, to invite
Bulandii, f. 1. height, loftiness. 2. volume (of sound); height (of ardour)
Buṁdkii. 1. a small drop. 2. small mark, speck, dot
Buurhaa: oldBuurhaapan: old age
.CCC.
Cabenaa [cf. carvati, carvayati], m. something to be chewed: parched grain (as food)
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Caahe [cf.H.caahnaa], conj. Though, even if. P313
Caahie [cf. H. caahnaa], vi. Usu. Inv. Is wanted (by/ko); is needful (to or for); should, ought
Cain [cf.cakati], m. ease of mind, contentment; quiet, peace; repose.
Caitanyǎ [S.], m.& adj. 1. m. consciousness; the soul. 2. rationality, intelligence; perception. 3. the ultimate being (considered as the essence of all consciousness). 4. adj. conscious; percipient. 5. rational.
Caitanyataa [S], f. state or faculty of consciousness
Cakkar [ad. cakra-], m. 1. = cakra, 1. -8. 1. a curve, bend. 3. a round journey. 4. fig. perplexity, confusion; trouble, inconvenience p 297
Caalaak, adj. 1. active, quick. 2. dextrous, clever. *3. astute, cunning; vigilant
Calan [S], m. 1. going, moving, proceeding, gait; mien. 2. trembling, unsteadiness. *3. currency (of money), circulation (of goods, money); demand (for goods). *4 (occasionally f.) procedure; conduct, behaviour; way, manner; habit, custom; fashion. 5. a ceremony, rite. ~ karnaa (kaa), to introduce, to institute; to make current or fashionable. ~ se, adv. in good manner, well, properly.
Calaan = caalaanCaalaan [cf. H. calaanaa], f. 1. despatch, consignment; transportation (of goods); transfer (of money). 2. an invoice; bill of lading. 3. a remittance; memorandum of financial transactions. 4. clearance (as of customs). 5. the sending forward or up, committal (of a case, or a prisoner)
Calaanaa [cf.H. calnaa p307], vt. 1. to cause to move or to go, to set or to keep in motion; to make (one) go; Av. to send. 2. to train, to bring up (a child). 3. to impel, to urge; to drive (a vehicle); to work (a machine, an implement); to wind (a watch); to stir, to agitate (a liquid). 4. to discharge (a weapon); to fire, to shoot (at/par); to throw (as a stone). 5. to use, to employ; to wield (as a weapon or fists); to turn to, to take up (as guile, fraud, force). 6. to give currency to, to put in circulation; to originate; to publicise or to propagandise for; to talk about (kii). 7. to give effect to, to enforce (as an order); to inaugurate, to establish (as a society); to institute (a law-suit); to serve, to offer (food). 8. to conduct; to transact, to direct; to run (as a firm, a household); to deal (with a person/ke saath). 9. to carry out, to perform (a task); to manage well or satisfactorily; to puzzle out, to bring to a solution (a difficult matter). 10. to cause to be finished: to ruin
Calaayămaan [conn. H. calnaa], adj. 1. in motion, newly under way (as a vehicle). unsteady, inconstant.
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Calnaa [calati], vi. & vt. 1. vi. To go, to move, to work (a machine or appliance); to turn (a wheel); to sail (a ship); to blow (the wind); to flow, to run (water, or a water channel). 2. to set out, to depart; to start; to be discharged (a weapon); to be used, employed; to be wielded (a weapon). 3. to progress, to advance; to flourish (a business, a task); to be satisfactory, to work, to serve.. 4. to be begun, to be current, or in vogue; to be topical, to be prominent (a reputation); to be in force; to be in use (as a road, a canal); to be offered, or served (successive courses of food). 5. to be exchanged, to be felt (animosity). 6. to continue, to endure; to be handed down (as a tradition). 7. to be able to be coped with, or completed (by/se). 8. to conduct oneself, to behave; to be averse or ill willed; to turn (away from/se); to be deceitful. 9. to move towards an end; to be decrepit, or worn out; to be finished, done. 10. vt. To move (a piece, a counter); to make a move, to take a step. Expr. P 307
Caaluu [cf. H caalnaa, caal] , adj. 1. current, in force; continuing, in progress (as a show, a term.). 2. in working order, active; on, available (a service). 3. frequented, busy (a street). 4. pej. cunning
Camaknaa. 1. to shine, to sparkle; to glitter; to glow; to glare; to gleam (as metal or light); to be polished. 2. to be dazzled, or screwed up (the eyes, in strong light). 3. to be attractive, or seductive. 4. to prosper, to flourish (as an enterprise); to be brisk (as trade), to go well; to be prominent. 5. to go to the head (alcohol). 6. to be strongly aroused (the emotions); to become enraged. 7. to be startled, to start; to shy (a horse); Brbh. to scatter, or to rush away (to safety).
Caman, m. 1. a flower garden. 2. a place lush or abounding in flowers. 3. fig. a flourishing place.
Camatkt [S], , adj. astonished
Caaṁdii [candrikaa-], f. 1. silver; money, wealth. 2. income; fig. windfall, good luck. 3. the crown of the head. 4. a silvery or whitish object; ash
Canaa [cana-], m. the chick-pea, or gram
Candaa [candra-], m. 1. the moon. 2. a round piece or slice
Candra [S.], adj. & m. 1. adj. lunar. 2. m. a lunar month. 3. pl. the fortnight of the waxing moon. 4. moonstone (a pearly felspar [mineral])
Candrămaa [S], m. inv. The moon.
Cañcaal [S.], adj. & m. 1. adj. moving, shaking, trembling; quick, active. *2. unsteady, restless; inconstant, fickle; flirtatious; playful; naughty. 3. transient, ephemeral. 4. volatile (temperament). 5. m. an unsteady or inconstant person, &c.
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Capeṭ, m. 1. a slap. 2. a blow. 3. fig. attack; sudden blow or shock; range, reach (of sg harmful).Capeṭ mein anaa, to be threatened (by/kii: as by sg dangerous); to fall victim (to)
Caapnaa, vt. 1. to press
Caraṇ [S.],m. usu. pl. and hon. foot; feet. 2. a quarter; section; phase, stage. 3. a foot (of verse); single line (of verse). 4. fig. proximity; attendance; dependence. ~ chuunaa (ke), to touch (a person’s) feet in respect. caraṇ – kamal, m. pl. (hon.) lotus feet. caraṇ – paadukaa, f. a wooden sandal. caraṇ – seva, f. massaging the feet. caraṇaamrit, m. foot-nectar: the water in which the feet of an idol or of a respected personage have been washed; a mixture of milk, curds, ghii, sugar and honey, considered sacred, and used in the tending of idols and sacred objects. caraṇaamrit lena, to sip the water in which the feet of an idol, etc. have been washed
Carcaa [S], f. (m., U.) repetition: 1. discussion, consideration, reflection; argument; talk, mention. 2. rumour, gossip. 3. smearing (as the body with ointment), anointing. ~ uṭhnaa, discussion to arise (of/kii); mention to be made (of). ~ karnaa, to make mention (of/kii), &c. ~ calaanaa (kii), to spread, or to deal in, rumours (about/kii). ~ honaa (kii), to be mentioned, talked of, or discussed; to be reported, announced.
Carhnaa, vi. 1. to rise, to mount; to clim; to mount (on/par); to embark; to rise (prices, a river); to increase, to grow; to wax (moon season); to mount up, to be in arrears (as pay) 2. to be mounted or set (on or around, par); to be placed (upon); to be applied or attached (to/par); to be fitted (to), to be adjusted or set (a bow string, or the tension of a drum); to be set (a bone); to be spread; to be overlaid (as metal in electrolysis). 3. to be entered (items in a ledger). 4. to be raised up; to be shortened (a lower hem). 5. to be elevated, or promoted; to be exalted. 6. to be offered (in devotion, or as a sacrifice: to/ko). 7. to advance, to proceed; to go (for a purpose:to/par); to be taken or conveyed (to); to progress, to be advanced (of time). 8. to march (against/par); to attack; to assail; to invade. 9. to take effect, to be rampant (as poison, intoxicants, fever); to be dominant (over/par), to possess or to obsess (emotions). 10. to be superior; to excel …p300Carhaanaa, vt. 1. to cause to rise up, to raise; to lift up; to place(upon/par, ke upar); to roll up (sleeves). 2. to apply (to or upon/par: as paint, dye); to affix, to attach, to fit (to); to adjust or to set (a bow-string, or the tension of a drum). 3. to put away, to replace (an object in its container). 4. to enter (as in a ledger). 5. to offer (to/ko: as to a deity); to dedicate; to sacrifice; to devote. 6. to elevate (a person’s grade or rank), to promote; to exalte. 7. to cause to advance; to lead in an attack (against/par). 8. to cause to increase, to cause to swell (cf. baṛhaanaa); to incite (a person).
Carhkar, adv. with a rise or increase; baldly, confessedly; by design; excellently, in a superior way or degree
Caritr [S], m. 1. behaviour, conduct; manner; ways. 2. an account of a person’s life; a biography. 3. character; nature. 4. a character (of a novel)
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cariyaayi-khariyayi
pfj;kbZ&[kfj;kbZ: madness
Chaat [chattra-], m. Av. 1. parasol (as an emblem of royalty). 2. an umbrella
Chaataa [chattra-],m. 1. a parasol. 2. an umbrella.
Caupaii (quadruped)
Caupaṭ, adj & f. 1. adj. open all round; wide open. 2. levelled, razed, laid waste; ruined. 3. fig. depraved, ruined. 4. f. a waste; a ruin
CauRaa, adj. & m. . 1. adj. wide, broad; ample. 2. an open or a remote area
Cauthaaii : a quarter for a number less than one
Cep, f. 1. stickiness. 2. a sticky substance: gum; resin; bird-lime. 3. gummy secretion (in the eye). 4. matter, pus
Ceraa [ceta-], m. 1. a servant. 2. a pupil, disciple
Ceraaii [cf. H. ceraa], f. service, attendance (upon/kii)
Cerii [ceta-], f, a female servant
Cetan (→ cetanya), adj & m 1. adj. Conscious, aware. 2. rational. 3. alert, vigilant. 4. m. consciousness; the soul (= cetanya). 5. intelligence. 6. living and sentient being
Chaanaa [chaadayati1], vt & vi. 1. vt. To cover; to thatch, to roof. 2. to spread, to erect (an awning, &c, as a shelter). 3. to shade (a place); to shelter. 4. vi. To be spread, to spread; to be diffused. 5. to settle (over), to cast a shadow (over); to overcast; to weigh (upon). 6. to settle or to swarm (upon). 7. to be shaded (a place)
Chaap, f. 1. a stamp, impression; imprint; mark. 2. an instrument for stamping; a steal; signet. 3. fig. impression, influence, effect
Chaapaa, m. 1. a stamp…2. an instrument for stamping…3. a printing press. 4. the press (as an institution). 5. stamped or printed material; an edition (of a paper). P 342
Chappar [chattvara-], m. 1. a thatched roof. 2. a thatched building; a hut; a shed. ~ phaṛkar dena (ko), fig. to give from on high (in an unexpected, or miraculous way) p 339
Chaapnaa, vt. 1. to stamp; to mark; to print (cloth). 2. to seal. 3. to print (a book). To make an imprint, to copy through, to trace. 5. to make an impression (on/par); to exercise an influence (upon/par)
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Chatr [ad.chattra-¹], m. 1. a parasol, an umbrella (esp. as held over kings or their thrones, or over idols). 2. a mushroom. Chatr-chaayaa, f. protection, shelter; patronage. P 338
Ched, m. 1. a hole. 2. an opening; gap, crack. 3. cutting, cutting off. 4. cut, section; incision.
Chiinnaa [cf.chinna-], vt. 1. to snatch away; to tear, to pluck, or to wrench away. 2. to size; to usurp; to confiscate
Choṛnaa, vt. 1. to let go, to release. 2. to set free; to discharge; to pardon. 3. to leave; to defer (until/par). 4. to put in and leave; to deliver or to post (a letter); to hide (sg) away; to add (an ingredient). 5. to leave alone; to abandon. 6. to give up, to renounce; to resign (a post). 7. to omit, to overlook; to disregard (a matter); to leave (sg) out. 8. to take off (clothes). 9. to discharge (a weapon, a firework). 10. to emit, to give out; to pour out; to spread (manure); to play (a fountain). 11. to set in motion, to start up (an engine, a car). 12. to assign, to detail (one, to do sg: ke liye). ~ aanaa, to leave (as a pers or a thing) at a distant place. Choṛkar, abs. conj. apart from, except for.
Choṭaa, adj. 1. small. 2. lesser: junior, younger; subordinate; minor. 3. trivial, insignificant. 4. inferior; pej. Contemptible. choṭe-baṛe, pl. great and small; young and old; varied, various. choṭa-moṭa, adj. little, small
Chuunaa [chupati], vt. & m. 1. vt. To touch; to feel. 2. to smear, to smear over (of white wash). 3. to handle, to take up. 4. m. touching, touch, contact.
Churvaana to cause to be released (see below)
ChuRaaii f. 1. setting free, releasing… 2. liberation…rescue…
ChuRaanaa [cf.H. chornaa], vt. 1. to cause to be freed (by “se”)…to release…dismiss…rescue … 4. to cause to loose… 5. to get rid of (habit)…p346
Chuṭ, f. 1. deliverance, freedom (from/se), escape. 2. freedom, liberty (to/ko). 3. exemption (from/se); remission; deduction, discount. 4. separation (from/se). 5. leavings, refuse; grains left on the threshing-floor. 6. releasing, letting go.
Chuṭkaaraa [cf H. chuṭnaa], m. 1. release; deliverance, relief (from danger, or distress). 2. discharge, acquittal; exemption. 3. escape. ~ denaa (ko), to release (from/se), to acquit; to exempt. ~ paanaa, to obtain release, &c. (from/se); to be freed; to get free from, to be rid of.
Chuuṭnaa, vi. 1. to be released, to be let go; to be discharged, acquitted; to be redeemed (a pledge). 2. to come loose; to be loose, or free; to be wielded, brought into play (as fists, or reinforcements). 3. to be free (from/se), to escape; to be rid (of/se). 4. to be omitted; to be given up, or abandoned. 5. to come out or forth; to spurt out (liquid); to come off (dye, paint); to be got rid of (an infection, a cough). 6. to be lost (courage, patience, wits); to
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end (life). 7. to leave, to depart (a train, &c); to start. Usse gaaṛii chuuṭ gayii, he missed the train. 8. to fall back, to fall behind; not to prosper. 9. to discharge; to fire, to be shot (a weapon, a syringe); to play (a fountain).
Chuṭṭii CUT\TI , f. 1. release; permission to go; discharge, acquittal; respite. 2. leave; holiday, vacation; break (during the day’s work); leisure time. 3. a statutory holiday
Cilka: peel, skin
Cillaanaa: to cry, call out
Cintaa [S], f. 1. thought, consideration, reflection. 2. care, concern; attention; anxiety; apprehension. 3. a matter for thought or concern; risk; danger p 314
Cintan [S], m. 1. thought, the process of thought. 2. thinking, reflecting, meditating (over, or upon/kaa)
Cipak, f. 1. adhesion: cohesion. 2. stickiness, &c
Cipaknaa vi. 1. to stick, to adhere; to jam, to be tight (as a door); to crowd, to pack (together). 2. to cling (to/se). 3. to be involved (with/se); to have an affair (with). 4. to be absorbed (in or by/mein)
Citt [citta-¹], m. 1. the understanding; the mind. 2. thought, reflection. 3. the soul; the heart
Ciṭṭaa, adj. 1. bright, clear; white. 2. light-coloured.
Citr [S.], m. 1. a picture; a painting; drawing; sketch. 2. a photograph. 3. cine film.
Cokhaa, adj. & m. 1. adj. pure, genuine. 2. good, excellent; delightful; beautiful. 3. sound, honest; sincere. 4. sharp (as a knife). 5. keen, pungent; high, clear (a sound). 6. m. a spiced dish of roasted or fried vegetables.
Cola, m. 1. a long gown or cloak; a bride’s garment. 2. a baby’s first (ceremonial) garment. 3. fig. the body; guise, outward appearance. ~ chorna, to leave the body. ~ badalnaa, vt. To change the body: (the soul) to transmigrate.
Cor [cora-¹], m. & adj. 1. m. a thief; a robber. 2. one who is “he” or “it” in a children’s game. 3. a hidden abscess (as a healed wound, or under a tooth); an ulcer. 4. an ulterior motive or intention. 5. adj. hidden, secret (as a room, compartment, door, or way); false, misleading; deceptive, treacherous.
Corii, f. 1. theft; robbery. 2. stealth; concealment. ~ karnaa, to steal. ~ kaa, adj. stolen; secret, furtive. ~ jaanaa, to be stolen. P331
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Coṭ , f. 1. blow; wound; injury, hurt, knock; bruise; damage. 2. shock, blow, impact. 3. rivalry, competition. 4. loss (as in trade) p 330
Coṭii, f. 1. a lock of hair left unshaven on the crown of the head; top-knot. 2. a pigtail. 3. coil of (a woman’s) hair; a woman’s top-knot; ornament for (a woman’s) hair. 4. crest (of a bird). 5. summit, apex; peak, crest (of a mountain); pinnacle; vertex.
Cuknaa, vi. 1. to be finished, to be completed; to come to an end; to be exhausted (as a supply). 2. to be settled; to be fixed or agreed (as a price, a rate); to be adjusted (an account, a law-suit, a difference or dispute). 3. to fall short (of/se)
Cuuknaa, vi. to fall short: 1. to make a mistake, or blunder; to err. 2. to go astray, to stray (from/se). 3. to fail, to omit (to do something,/se); to miss (a target, &c.); not to achieve (an aim). 4. to be deficient (in/mein); to be omitted (from/se). 5. E.H. to be finished.
Cuktaa, adj & masc. being settled, being adjusted, &c; discharged, paid (a debt); balanced (an account); made good. 2. wholesale. 3. m. the paid portion of an account.
Cuuṁki, conj. Since, because.
Cunnaa , vt. 1. to choose, to select; to pluck, to gather; to glean; to pick or to peck at; to discard, to cull. 2. to elect. 3. to arrange; to set out. 4. to build up (as a wall); to wall up; to immure (in/mein). 5. to gather, to tuck; to crimp; to crease, to pleat.
Cunindaa, adj. inv. 1. chosen, selected. 2. choice, select. 3. gathered, picked
Curaanaa [cf. corayati], vt. 1. to steal; to captivate (as the heart). 2. to hide away, to conceal; to withhold; to withdraw or to turn away (the eyes)
.DDD.
Dabaanaa [cf. H. daabnaa], vt. 1. to press down, to press; to ring (an electric bell). 2. to squeeze. 3. to crush. 4. to restrain; to curb, to repress (as feelings). 5. to subdue; to oppress; to rule. 6. to snub ( a person); to intimidate. 7. to dominate, to overshadow (in importance). 8. to withhold, to usurp (a right, a possession); to encroach upon. 9. to suppress (as news); to secrete; to embezzle. 10. to sow (seed)
Daadaagirii, f. pej. Bullying, loutish behaviour.
Ḍagmagaanaa, vt & vi, 1, vi. To rock, to sway; to tremble. 2. to totter, to stagger. 3. to walk ostentatiously (a woman); to roll (a boat). 4. to waver (as in faith). 5. vt. To cause to shake, &c.
Dainik [S], adj. 1. daily. 2. having to do with day, diurnal.
Daitya, m. mythol. 1. son of Diti: a demon. 2. a giant. 3. fig. monster.
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Ḍakaitii, f. robbery, banditry.
Ḍaakaa, m. robbery; an attack by robbers. ~ ḍaalnaa, or maarnaa, to commit robbery (in a band)
Daakhil [A], adj. & m. 1. adj. entering, arriving. 2. admitted to, joining (a group). 3. entered (in a list); inserted, included. 4. paid, paid over (as a fine). 5. m. entering (upon), taking possession (of). 6. entry (in a book, account). 7. inclusion, incorporation
Dakshiṇ Na : south, southern
Dal, m. 1. group, band; party (political, sectarian, &c.); detachment; expedition; team. 2. army. 3. flock, herd (of animals). 4. leaf. 5. petal. 6. thickness, bulk, volume. garam ~, m. extremist party. naram ~, m. moderate party. dalbaadal, m. gathered clouds; fig. a vast army
Daalnaa [*daal-], vt. 1. to throw down; to cast, to hurl; to sow, to scatter (seed). 2. to pour; to put (as sugar in tea); to lay (upon/par or ke sir: as of a burden, a responsibility). 3. to put, to place, to consign (for safe keeping)…p420
Dam, m. 1. breath; life, spirit. 2. breathing or blowing out; puff (as in casting a spell). 3. draw, puff (as at a hookah); wiff. 4. moment, instant. 5. vitality, viguour; mettle; ambition. 6. strength: quality (as of a material); efficacy (as of medicine). 7. sharp edge (of a blade). 8. false hope. 9. state of simmering (over a fire) p 478
Daan [daana-1], m. 1. giving; giving in marriage. 2. a gift; donation; offering; grant; endowment. 3. alms. 4. Brbh. Levy, tribute. 5. exudation (from the temples of a rutting elephant).
Daanaa, m. 1. a grain; transf. crumb, speck. 2. a single, small object; clove (of garlic); sg to be threaded (as a bead, a pearl). 3. a pimple. 4. fleck (on the skin: as a freckle, or a smallpox mark; or in cloth); dappling, stippling. 5. grain, corn; food. 6. seed-corn
Dand [S.], m. 1. stick, beam; mast. 2. mace… 4. transf. punishment; penalty, fine. 5. in comp. judicial procedure; the law. 6. assault, violence p472.
Dandaa (m): stick
Dantkathaayein: f. legend
Daar [P.: present stem of daaśtan], adj. &m. in comp., esp. as a second member forming adjectives and nouns. Having, holding; possessor, &c….p492
Dāṛhī mūnch vālā: the one with beard and moustache daZ,I
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Darjaa, m. 1. step, stage, degree (as in progress). 2. grade, level (of attainment etc.); extent. 3. quality, standard (as of goods, material, services); type. 4. class (school). 5. rank, standing (of post); class (in examination). 6. position, situation; plight. 7. gradation, degree. 8. compartment (as in a cupboard, or filing cabinet)
Dar-kaar, adj. & f. 1. adj. needed, required. 2. f. need.
Darśan [S.], m. 1. seeing, observing; observation; inspection. 2. sight. 3. usu. Pl. having sight (of); audience (with); visiting (a shrine); worshipping (before an idol). 4. transf. seeing, meeting, visiting (a respected person). 5. law. Appearance (in court, of an accused). 6. appearance, semblance. 7. view (of sg); thought (as of a philosopher or sage); philosophy; specif. any of the six Hindu philosophical systems; contemplation, vision; vision, dream. 8. view, opinion. 9. transfer. mirror
Darpan [S.], m. a mirror
Darraanaa, vi to go straight and quickly; to go boldly forward.
Daśaa [S], f. 1. state, condition. 2. situation, circumstances; period or stage of life. 3. astrol. Situation of heavenly bodies; conjunction, or influence. 4. HSS. wick (of lamp). Aisii ~ men, sdv. In such circumstances; in these circumstances
Dauṛ [cf H. dauṛnaa], f. running; a run; a gallop. 2. (esp. in comp.) race. 3. course, career; distance to be traversed; flight (of fancy). 4. range, scope, sphere. 5. fig. hard effort, endeavour. 6. raid, attack
Dauṛnaa [cf. dravati], vi. 1. to run; to hasten; to gallop. 2. to rush (at, upon/par); to attack. 3. to spread quickly (as news). 4. to spread (over/par; through/men: as a flush across the face, poison through the body). 5. fig. to be obsessed (with/ke piche); to try hard to obtain (sg). 6. to flow, to course (liquid, a current). 7. to turn, to run (as the mind, or fancy, in a given direction)
Daur, m. 1. revolving, revolution. 2. passing round (as of wine). 3. circle, orbit; transf. field of authority, sway. 4. a round tour, circuit. 5. passage or change of time, vicissitude; period of years, age, cycle. 6. stage (of a continued process); progress.
Daavat, f. a call: 1. invitation (esp. to a meal). 2. party; feast, banquet; reception.
Daayraa, m. 1. circle, ring; circumference. 2. circuit. 3. transf.sphere (of influence or effect, or of interests). 4. group (of associates). 5. vicinity. 6. orbit. 7. a tambourine. 8. musl. monastery
-Daayii = - daayak [S], m & adj. finally in comp.; simplex Av. = daataa [S], adj & m. 1. adj. liberal, generous. 2. m. a liberal man; donor, benefactor. 3. transf. the supreme being.
Deh [deha-], f. m.1. the body. 2. transf. life; birth in human form.
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Dehdhaaran: m. assumption of body, birth.Dehdhaarii: , adj. embodied, living; incarnate.
Dehii, adj. & m. 1. adj. possessiong a body. 2. m. a living creature; human being. 3. the soul.Dehii abhimaanii: soul conscious (aatmaa abhimaanii).
Dehbhaan: body consciousness
Dehlii [dehalii-], f. threshold; doorstep
Dekhnaa, vt. 1. to see; to watch, to look at; to look on (as a spectator. 2. to turn the eyes (towards/ke aur); to glance (at). 3. to perceive, to observe. 4. to consider, to think. 5. to see, to attend to (a matter); to superintend. 6. to watch over, to guard; to guard against (sg happening), to take care. 7. to inspect; to search, to scrutinise; to visit (as a patient). 8. to examine, to test, to try. 9. to look for, to search for. 10. to experience. 11. to tolerate (a situation, or a person). Dekhne men, adv. to all appearances, superficially. Dekhne men aanaa, to be visible; to be evident, to appear; to be generally known (as a state of affairs) p509Dikhaanaa: to show
Der, f. & adv. 1. f. a period or lapse of time, interval. 2. delay; lateness; slowness. 3. adv. delayed, late
Devǎtaa, m. inv. 1. a god. 2. transf. an object of worship, or a person held to be sacred; an idol. 3. a revered person. [cf: Daitya]Devii, f. a goddess…p511
Dhairyă [S], m. = dhiir. Dhairyă-dharaṇ, m. steadfastness; patience, perseverance; calm.
Dhak [*dhakk-], f. (m., pl.). 1. shock. 2. palpitation; anxiety. 3. surge (of zeal, &c). ~ rah jaanaa, to become motionless from fear, amazement, or consternation.
Dhakkaa [cf. dhakkayati], m. 1. shove, jolt. 2. shock; impact. 3. blow of fate, unlucky chance; loss, damage. ~ khaanaa, to suffer a blow; to suffer misfortune, or loss..p 519
Dhaam [S], m. 1. dwelling, abode. 2. splendour, radiance. 3. place of pilgrimage. 4. fig. the body. Paramdhaam, m. Brbh. The supreme abode: the ultimate being; paradise.
Dham, f. a loud sound; bang, crash, thud
Dhamaacauṛii, f. turmoil, row; brawl
Dhaadhal [cf. dhandha-], f. 1. cheating, trickery. 2. disturbance; outcry, clamour
Dhaan [dhaanya-], m. 1. the rice plant; paddy. 2. unhusked rice
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Dhan, m. 1. property, assets; catle, herds. *2. wealth, riches; money; funds, capital. 3. treasure. 4. mineral resources…p521
Dhanii [S], adj. 1. rich, wealthy. 2. praiseworthy, virtuous. 3. m. a rich man. 4. proprietor, master. 5. husband. Dhanii-dhorii, m. a person of power or influence; master (as of a household)
Dhandhaa [dhandha-], m. 1. craft, occupation; trade; profession; business. 2. work, activity; task
Ḍhaṅg, m. 1. particular nature or characteristic; way, style, manner. 2. method, means, manner, way. 3. kind, type. 4. style of behaviour, manners. 5. skill, accomplishment. 6. transf. sign, prospect
Dhanuṣ [S] m. 1. a bow. 2. a rainbow. 2. the sign Sagittarius (of the zodiac). 4. a measure of length equalling about 1.75 (viz. four hastas, representing the length of the forearm with the extended hand). 5. an arc (of a circle)
Dhap, f. m. 1. sound, noise, crack; clack (of a shoe); thud (= dhab-dhab). 2. thump, blow.
Dhaar, f, (m., pl.) 1. [dhaaraa-] flow, current, stream; channel (of a river); spring. 2. downward flow; heavy shower (of rain). 3. libation. 4. [dhaaraa-] edge (of blade). 5. edge, end, limit; Brbh. Direction. 6. line, chain (as of mountains).
Dhaaraa [S.], f. 1. = dhaar, (1., 2.) 2. current (electric). 3. (esp. law) section, article; paragraph. 4. multitude, mass. 5. = dhaar, (4.) 6. rim, circumference (of a wheel).
Dharaa f. the earthDharaaśayii a. fallen aground, razed to the ground.
Dharm, m. 1. what is to be held or kept: the complex of religious and social obligations which a devout Hindu is required to fulfil, right action, duty; morality; virtue, virtuous life; justice…p525Dharm – Hindi world which is often translated as ‘religion’. Dharm means: the complex of religious and social obligation required to fulfill right action, duty, morality, virtue, virtuous life and justice. It is worthy to consider using the word dharm without translation, because its meaning is wider than that of religion in English.
*Dharam ko bhul/bul gaye: they have forgotten their religion
Dharmnirapeksh: secular
Dharan [S.], m. 1. holding; supporting; possessing; placing; retaining, fastening. 2. seizing. 3. sg which holds: a support; fastening
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Dhaaran, m. 1. holding, keeping; maintaining, preserving (as vow, a memory). 2. carrying. 3. wearing. 4. taking (as food, or medicine). 5. taking on, assuming (a rank, a posture; a loan); acquiring in gyan: to implement, to put in practice, to assimilate.
Dharǎnii, f. 1. the earth; the world. 2. soil, land. 3. a beam
-Dhaarii, adj. & m. 1. adj. wearing, carrying, &c. (cf.dhaaran). 2. m. a wearer, &c.
Dharnaa, vt. 1. to hold, to keep; to possess; to assume (as powers), to obtain; to fix, to determine (as a time); to suspend (as an undertaking); to hold (as an opinion). 2. to seize; to detain; to restrain; to check, to counter (a stratagem, &c). 3. to place, to put; to deposit; to pawn; to stake (a wager). 4. to to put on, to apply; to wear. 5. to apply (as the mind, or ear)
Dhartaa [S], m. inv. 1. one who holds, supports, or preserves. 2. one who assumes (a task, a responsibility). 3. a debtor.
Dhartii, f. earth
Dher [*dhera-], m. a heap, pile; abundance… ~ saare, adj. pl. colloq. lots of. P429
Ḍhiilaa a. 1. loose. 2. (of flesh) flaccid, flabby, hanging down, limp 3. (of a person) indolent, lazy, tardy 4. unwell, weak, feeble 5. delicate, soft 6. thin 7. sluggish 8. lenient, mild
Dhiimaa, adj. 1. slow, slugghish; lazy. 2. subdued (as sound, voice); soft, low; faint. 3. faint, dim (as light, colour); slight (in intensity), weak; low (as a fever). 4. moderate; abated (as fever, or emotion)Dhiimaaii, adj. slowness, etc.
Dhiiraj [ad. Dhiirya-], m. =dhir. ~ denaa, ~banhnaa, ~ rakhnaa, or ~karnaa, to take courage; to be composed; to be consoled; to have patience or perseverance p530
Dhokhaa, m. 1. deceit. 2. false impression; sg seen indistinctinctly; mirage. 3. mistake, blunder. 4. disappointment. 5. uncertainty, doubt; alarm. 6. false appearance; trap, snare; camouflage; a scarecrow. ~ denaa (ko), to deceive; to mislead; to disappoint; to fail (a weapon, a stratagem, medicine) (p534 with other verbs)Dhokhebaaz, adj. deceitful, fraudulent; m. a deceitful person; an impostor
Dhonaa: to wash
Dhor: cattle
Dhorii [dhaureya-], m. 1. ox, bullock. 2. leader 3. pl. cattle (= dhor)
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Dhruv [S], adj. 1. fixed, immovable; stable. 2. constant, permanent. 3. certain. 4. the pole star. 5. a pole (of the earth). 6. terminal (of a battery); electrode
Dhulaanaa [cf. H. dhonaa], v.t. to cause to be washed (by/se), to get (sg) washed
Ḍhuuṁḍhnaa, vt. To look for; to search out, to find DhuuNDHnaa ZU^MZ,naa
/kwr to cheat; to deceive; /kwrk : the one (male) who cheats/deceives /kwrh the one (female) who cheats/deceives; the one who makes [false] stories. baatein bananevala.
Dhuvaanaa [cf. H. dhonaa], v.t. = dhulaanaa
Dhurandhar [S], adj. & m. 1. bearing a yoke, a burden. 2. strong in supporting: mighty, great (as a leader, scholar, &c). 3. m. fig. prestigious leader, &c.
Dhvaṃs [S], m. 1. destruction; demolition; ruin. 2. harm
Dhyaan [S.], m. 1. meditation, contemplation; deep thought. 2. consideration, reflection. *3. attention, the mind. 4. keeping (sg) in mind ; thought; memory
Dikhaanaa [cf. dekhnaa] vt. To show (to/ko); to demonstrate, to indicate; to reveal; to display, to present
Dikhaavaa [cf. H. dikhaanaa], m. 1. show, ostentation; ponp, pageantry. 2. appearance: pretence, disguise
Diikṣit [S], adj. & m. 1. adj. consecrated. 2. instructed, intitiated. 3. m. an instructed person. 4. name of a braahmaṇ community
Dilaanaa [cf.H. denaa], vt. 1. to cause to be given (by/se, to/ko); to assign; to consign. 2. to put in possession (of); to occasion.
fnyks&tku :heart and soul; fig. tooth and nail. fnyks tku ls, adv.It means with full devotion, or full effort.It means ‘heart and soul’. It is given in the Oxford Hindi-English dictionary by McGregor, on page no. 497 (under heading [dil])
Ḍigaanaa [cf. H. ḍignaa] , vt. 1. to cause to shake or to move; to cause to slip, or to stumble. 2. to make loose, or unsteady. 3. to shake (as one’s faith).
Dimaag [A. Dimaag], m. 1. brain. 2. mind. 3. transf. conceit; arrogance; disdain. 4. fancy, whim
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Diśaa [S], f. 1. direction; course (as of an aircarft). 2. quarter, region. 3. point of the compass. 4. colloq. = ~ - faraagat. 5. –dishi, adv. poet. In (or from) a partic. direction. P 498
Divyă [S], adj. & m. 1. adj. divine. 2. supernatural. 3. wonderful; charming. 4. m. an ordeal. 5. an oath
Doglaa, adj. & m. 1. adj. of mixed blood, cross-bred; mongrel; illegitimate. 2. hybrid. 3. transf. two-faced, deceitful. 4. m. a person or animal of mixed blood etc. 5. a hybrid. 6. a deceitful person
Ḍol; m. & adj. 1. a swinging, rocking. 2. a swing. 3. adj. swinging, &c
Ḍolnaa; vi. 1. to swing, to rock; to sway. 2. to move, to stir; to move about; to wander. 3. to totter; to shake. 4. to flinch, to waver (a viewpoint, a resolve)
Dor [davara-], m. reg. = 2. daur Ḍorii [cf. H. 1 dora], f. 1. string, cord; rope; surveyor’s line. 2. braid, piping. 3. bond, tie (as of affection)
DoSh [S], m. 1. fault, defect; vice; sinfulness. 2. blame; reproach. 3. offence; sin; guilt; crime. 4. damage, harm. 5. disorder (bodily); disease
DRiṛh [S], adj. 1. fixed, firm; hard, unyielding, tough; strong (of physique); tight (as a knot); close (an embrace); stiff. 2. solid; compact. 3. fixed, firm (a decision, intention, opinion); established (a basis); consolidated. 4. steadfast; persevering; dependable. 5. sound (health). 6. severe, violent.
DRiṛhătaa [S], f. 1. firmness; hardness; strength. 2. steadfastness, resolution; conviction. 3. confirmation, corroboration.
DRiṣṭi [S], f. 1. sight. 2. look, glance; gaze; the eyes. 3. the eyesight, vision. 4. view (of sg.), viewpoint; regard; consideration p509
DRiśyă [S], adj & m. 1. adj. to be seen, visible; evident. 2. worthy of being seen; beautiful, pleasing; picturesque. 3. perceptible; phenomenal (as the world). 4. to do with sight, visual; optic. 5. m. sg. Visible, or perceived. 6. a sight, scene, view; scenery. 7. a picture; view; sketch. 8. scene (in a play). 9. math. a given quantity
Duaa, f. 1. invocation: one’s wish (for another); pej ill wish. *2. prayer.
Dubaaraa dubaaraa: again and again
Dubanaa, vt. 1. to cause to sink; to immerse. 2. to sink (a ship). 3. to drown (one). 4. to flood (as with water). 5. fig. to ruin, to destroy.
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Duubnaa, vi. 1. to sink; to set (the sun); to end (the day); to dive. 2. to drown. 3. to be immersed, flooded (ground). 4. to be lost, ruined (as funds, reputation); to be sacrificed to not avail. 5. to be engrossed (in/mein: as in study, or activity); to be sunk (in: as grief, or shame)
Dubbii, f. a dive, plunge (= ḍubbkii)
Dugunaa [H. duunaa] adj & m. 1. adj. Twofold, double; twice as much or as many (as/se); twice as large (as). 2. m. twice the amount (of/kaa). Do ~ caar, twice two are four.
Duukh [S], duukh m. adj. causing grief, pain, or trouble, &c. Duukhdaayii, duukhdaayii adj. & m. id. duukhprad, adj. = duukhad. (oppressor, persecutor)
duukhmaya, duukhmay, adj. grievous, sad (as a time, an event); filled with sorrow (a person) p501
Dukhaanaa vt. To cause suffering or pain; to pain, to wound
Dukhnaa [duhkhati], vi. 1. to give pain, to ache. 2. to feel compassion (for: as the heart) 3. to feel compunction or remorse.
Duniyaa: f. 1. the world; this world, or life: transf. worldly goods or pleasures. 2. people. Duniyaadaar, adj. & m. worldly; down-to-earth, practical; a worldly person; man of the world. Duniyaadaarii, f. worldliness, attention to or skill in worldly matters; worldly affairs, or goods; wife and children, family; outward courtesy, ceremony; sexual relations. P 503
Duniyaavii: worldly, mundane.
Duur, adj & f. 1. adj. distant, remote. 2. removed (as a difficulty). 3. duur- [S]. distant; tele-: e.g. duur-sancaar, m. telecommunications. 4. adv. far, far off (from/se). 5. f. distance, remoteness (= duurii). ~ karnaa, to put or to keep at a distance; to remove (from/se); to conceal; to efface (as a memory); to avert (a calamity); to dispel (a doubt); to solve (a difficulty); to get rid of, to dispossess; to abolish. ~ kaa, adj. distant; future; distant (as a relative); far-reaching (as thought); far-fetched, wild (claim; boast); thorough going (a scolding); requiring careful consideration (a topic).
Dur-damătaa [cf. S. durdama-], f. indomitability
Dur-damya [S], adj. indomitable.
Dus-[S], pref. = dur-. Duster, adj. difficult to be crossed; difficult to reach or to accomplish. P506 (versions of the word)
Duśman, m. enemy; adversary
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Duśmanii, f. enmity; hostility; animosity. ~ ḍaalnaa, to sow enmity or discord (between/ men or ke biic)
Duṣṭ [S], adj. & m. 1. adj. corrupted, depraved. 2. wicked; vicious; corrupt (as a witness); false. 3. base. 4. HSS. vitiated, wrongful. 5. m. a wicked person, &c. 6. a villain; enemy. 7. wretch
Dvait [S], m. 1. double nature or entity, duality; ambiguity. 2. philos. Dualism (esp. that between the ultimate being and the universe). 3. Av. distinction, division. dvaitvaadii, adj
Dveṣ [S], m. hatred; aversion; spite; enmity
.EEE.
Ekânt [S], adj. & m. 1. adj. secluded, lonely. 2. private; secret. 3. unaccompanied. 4. being exclusive: extreme; excessive. 5. m. a secluded place &c.; the inner heart. 6. privacy. ~ aavashyak, adj. absolutely essential. P141
Ekdam [H. ek + P. dam], adv. 1. in a breath, in a moment; (all) at once; immediately. 2. quite, completely.
Ekras m. (a)monotonous (b) unchangeable
Eṛii, f. 1. heel. 2. heel (of footwear). ~ se coṭii tak, adv. from head to heel.
.FFF.
Faislaa [A.faiṣala], m. 1. adjudication (of a case); judgment. 2. decision (as between alternatives)
Fakhr, m. 1. glory. 2. just pride. 3. vainglory, boasting
Falaaṁ [A. fulaan], adj. inv. & m. 1. adj. such and such, any. 2. a particular, a certain. 3. m. a certain (man, &c). 4. pron. so and so.
Faarig, adj. free (of/se: as of a task or burden). ~ karnaa, to make free (from)
Faarkhatii, f. see s.v. faarig
Farmaan [P], m. an edict, decree; a royal letter, charter
Fariśtaa, m. 1. an angel. 2. a prophet
Fariyaad [P. faryaad], f. var. /firyad/. 1. complaint. 2. cry for help; appeal.
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Farq (m): difference
Farz, m. 1. musl. A religious obligation. 2. a moral obligation; a duty; responsibility. 3. supposition, assumption. ~ adaa karnaa, to discharge a duty, &c p 678
Fasl, f. division; season: 1. harvest-time; harvest (either autumn(khariif) or spring (rabii)). 2. crop, crops (either standing, or when ready for harvesting).
Fauran [A], adv. at once, immediately.
Faaydaa, m. 1. advantage, benefit. 2. gain; profit. 3. value, use. 4. convalescence
Fikr, f. 1. thought, reflection. 2. care. Concern; anxiety; grief. ~ karnaa, to reflect (upon/kii); to plan (for or about), to provide (for); to feel care or concern (about); to grieve; to pine.
Fursat, f. 1. leisure, free time. 2. opportunity (to do sg). 3. respite, rest (from/se); recovery (from illness). 4. reg. leave
.GGG.
Gaddaa, m. a mattress; a large padded cushion
Gaḍḍhaa, m. 1. a ditch, hole; a pit; crater. 2. a sunken area (as of ground, or of the cheeks). 3. a pitfall
Gadhaa: donkey
Gadyă [S], m. prose
Gaflat, f. 1. neglect; forgetfulness. 2. inattention. 3. heedlessness. 4. soundness (of sleep); unconsciousness. 5. a fainting fit p255
Gahraa [ghabiira-], adj. 1. deep; intimate (of feelings); sound (sleep); strong (drink); dark; viscous; heavy (with sleep). 2. profound; grave, weighty. 3. harsh, cruel (a blow)
Gaal, f. 1. the cheek. 2. Av. cheek, presumption. ~ bajaanaa, to talk haughtily; to boast; to blow air from the cheeks by striking them: as done in the recognition of Śiva (the sound produced is called bam-bam) p 264
Gaṛhaii [cf H. gaṛhaa], dimin. a pit ; a small pond or tank.
Gahraaii: f. 1. depth; profundity, &c. 2. a deep place; cavity; depth, gulf.
Galaa, m. 1. the throat; the neck; gullet. 2. fig. the voice. 3. neck or collar (of clothes)
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Galaanaa [cf. H. galnaa], vt. 1. to cause to be melted, to melt; to dissolve; to soften; to smelt (iron). 2. to cause to be wasted; to mortify; to benumb (of cold); to emaciate. 3. to cause to rot.
Galat, adj. 1. incorrect, wrong (as a sum, a conclusion). 2. untrue (a remark, &c). ~ karnaa, to determine or to regard as wrong; to annul; to disregard. ~ samajhnaa, to misunderstand.
Gaalii [gaalii-], f. 1. abusive language, abuse. 2. a type of indecent song sung at weddings.
Gaaliicaa, m. a small carpet
Galp [H. ¹gap, B. gappa], m. a tale, story.
Gam, m. 1. sadness; sorrow. 2. care, concern. ~ karnaa, or manaanaa, to grieve (for/par). ~ khaanaa, to suffer grief; to feel sympathy (for/kaa); to bear grief…p255
Gambhiir [S], adj. 1. deep; low (a sound). 2. peofound; unfathomable. 3. serious, thoughtful; earnest (a person); solemn; dignified.
Gaanaa: to sing
Gandharva-vivaah, m. marriage by mutual agreement, without any marriage ceremony
Ganimat, f. booty: 1. a piece of good fortune. 2. abundance. ~ hai ki, it’s a lucky thing that…
Gap, f. 1. casual talk, gossip. 2. baseless or exaggerated remarks; rumour.
Gapoṛaa [cf. H. ¹gap], m. = ¹gap, 2.
Gaṛbaṛi [cf. H. gaṛbaṛ ], f. ~ men paṛnaa, to fall into confusion
Garbhǎ [S.], m. the womb. 2. the belly. 3. conception, pregnancy. 4. foetus, embryo.
Gaṛh [gaḍha-], m. 1. a fort; a stronghold; castle. 2. socket (of the eye) p252
Gaṛhiyaa, f. 1. [cf. H. gaṛh] = gaṛhii (a small fort, fortification) 2. [cf. H. gaṛhaa] reg. = a small pond or tank.
Gariib [A. gariib], adj. & m. 1. adj. poor. 2. humble, modest. 3. mild (as the glance). 4. m. a poor man.
Gart: pit, ditch, gulf, chasm
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Gath, f. a song; song of praise
Gati [S.],f. 1. going, movement; course, motion; progress, development. 2. ending; death (and transmigration).3. situation, condition; a period of time. 4. manner, way of action; scope, reach. 5. means, recourse; shelter, protection (as offered by a god to a devotee).Gatimaan, adj. in motion; movable; dynamicGatishiil= gatimaan= gatihiin: adj. motionless; inert
Gau/Gaya: f. cow
Gavaana [cf. gayamati], vt. 1. to allow to be lost; to lose (a thing). 2. to lose, to miss (a road). 3. to waste, to squander (as money, time, opportunity)
Ghabraanaa/ghabṛaanaa, vi. & vt. 1. vi. To be confused; to be flustered; to be embarrassed. 2. to be perplexed. 3. to be perturbed, or alarmed. 4. vt. to confuse (a person); to fluster; to embarrass. 5. to perplex. 6. to alarm, to dismay, &c.
Ghamaṇḍ, m. 1. pride, arrogance;conceit. 2. vanity
Ghamaṇḍii, adj & m. 1. adj. proud, arrogant, conceited. 2. vain. 3. m. such a person.
Ghamaasaan, m & adj. 1. m. a fierce fight or battle; slaughter. 2. adj. fierce, murderous (as a battle). ~ karnaa, to wreak havoc (in, or among/men)
Ghan [Ghana-2], adj. & m. 1. adj. solid, dense; hard; coarse, heavy; thick, viscous; impenetrable (=ghanaa). 2. deep (colour, sound). 3. massed (clouds). 4. adj. very much… 6. collection, group. P284
Gharbaar, m. house and premises; household goods; family
Gharghasth, m. a householderGharghasthii, f. a household (its members and effects)
Ghaṛii [ghaṭikaa-], f. 1. a small space of time; spec. a period of twenty-four minutes. 2. a particular moment, or short period of time; a moment, an occasion. 3. an instrument to measure time; a watch; a clock.Ghaṛii- ghaṛii, adv. every now and again; repeatedly; constantly
Gharvaalaa, m. householder; husband; occupant of a house. (Gharvaalii…wife)
Ghaat, m. a landing place; wharf. 2. a slope to water, a river bank; a ford. 3. a flight of steps to water; embankment. 4. a place (as at a river bank) for washing clothes. 5. a mountain pass.
Ghaata, m. 1. a decrease, decline. 2. a reduction, fall (of prices). 3. shortfall, deficit; loss
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Ghaat [S], m. 1. killing, murder; destruction. 2. striking down, wounding. 3. a blow. 4. math. power (of a number). ~ karnaa (kaa), to kill; to destroy.
Ghat, m. 1. a large water-jar. 2. fig. the body. 3. m. f. the mind; the heart, the soul
Ghataanaa, vt. 1. to cause to be lessened: to lessen; to reduce (as prices); to alleviate. 2. to deduct (from/se); math. to subtract. 3. to cause to deteriorate; to impair
Ghatnaa, vi. 1. to decrease; to lessen, to be reduced; to fall. 2. to be deducted (from/se); math. to be substracted. 3. to deteriorate; to decline
Ghatvaanaa, vt. To cause to be decreased, &c.
Ghaav [ghaata-], m. 1. a wound; a bruise. 2. a sore. ~ karnaa (men), to wound (p288)
Ghisav, m. friction, abrasion; attrition.
Ghisnaa, vi, vt. & adj. 1. vi. To be rubbed; to be worn; to be worn down or smooth; to be scoured (clean). 2. vt. to rub; to rub down, to grind; to scour. 3. to groom (a horse). 4. adj. liable, or apt, to be worn by rubbing (as cloth)
Ghor [S], m. 1. terrible, frightful; awesome. 2. extreme, intense; deep (sleep); heavy (as rain); huge. 3. violent, vehement; harsh.
Ghoṛaa, m. 1. a horse (p 292)
Ghoṣănaa [S], f. 1. a declaration; annoucement; manifesto. 2. proclamation.
Ghotna, vt & m. 1. vt. To rub, to rub down; to polish; to grind. 2. to shave clean. 3. to squeeze (the throat), to choke. 4. to mix, to dissolve; to boil or to cook well. 5. colloq. to go over mechanically (a lesson to be learned by heart)…p 292
ghṇaa [S], f. 1. aversion; hatred, abhorrence. 2. contempt, disdain
Ghuumnaa, vi. 1. to revolve; to spin, to whirl. 2. to move in a circle; to go round or about; to travel; to wander. 3. to turn, to bend (as a road). 4. to turn round (a person). 5. to be or to becomedizzy; to be drowsy; to be tipsy
Ghusnaa , vi. 1. to penetrate; to thrust in; to enter forcibly. 2. to enter uninvited, or surreptitiously; to creep, to slink (into/mein). 3. to interfere (in). 4. to vanish, to evaporate (a feeling, an attitude)
Giidaṛ, m. 1. a jackal. 2. pej. a coward
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Ginnaa, vt. 1. to count, to calculate. 2. [x H. gunnaa] to consider, to estimate, to evaluate. 3. to consider of account.
Ginaanaa [cf H. ginnaa], vt & vi. 1. vt. to cause to be counted. 2. vi. Reg. to be counted; to be considered
Gintii [cf. H. ginnaa], f. 1. counting; calculation; enumeration. 2. reckoning, account. ~ karnaa, to count. ~ ke, adj. countable: a few, only a few.
Giraft [P. girift], f. 1. seizing, capture. 2. grasp, clutch; power. 3. a handle
Giraavat [cf. H. girna], f? a falling, fall
-giirii, noun formant, f. a taking , taking up or on (of an activity: eg. Gumaashtaagiirii, activity, or commission, of an agent).
Girna, vi. 1. to fall; to fall down, or over; to collapse. 2. to fall, to drop (on or on top of/par); to rush (upon/par), to attack. 3. to fall (price); to decline (an activity, or health); to drop (heat, wind). 4. to debouch (a river), to be cast (a vote). 5. to befall (a calamity). 6. to be disgraced; to be ruined; to fall (from/se: as from esteem)
Girne ke karn: because of falling
Glaanii, f. 1. languor; fatigue. 2. depression; remorse. 3. aversion, disgust (from, or at/par)Glaanii: f. compuction glaanii karnaa: vt. to slander, to accuse falsely. Glaanii honaa: vi. to feel compunction.
Gocnaa, vt. pl. HSS. To catch, to seize, to stop.
Gol [gola-], m. & adj. 1. anything round; a circle
Govaa [gomaya-], m. pl. cow-dung, manure
Gopǎniiyǎ, adj. 1. needing to be protected, or preserved. *2. needing to be kept secret, or hidden; confidential. ~rakhnaa, to keep, or to treat as, confidential.
Goyaa, adv. so to speak: as if, as though
Grahaṇ [S], m. 1. seizing, grasping; seizure. 2. mythol. Eclipse (seizure of sun or moon by the demon Raahu). 3. taking, accepting; acquisition; perception, grasp. 4. overshadowing, effacement. ~ karnaa, to seize; to receive, to accept; to obtain; to accede to; to grasp, to comprehend
Graahak [S], m. one who takes, receives or values sg.: a customer; a subscriber.
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Gh [S], m. 1. house, dwelling; home, 2. building or room assigned to a special purpose. 3. gh-, the sphere of house or home, domestic sphereGhasth, adj. & m. being a householder; a householder; a braahmaṇ carrying out the obligations of domestic life.Ghasthii, adj. & m. domestic; a household; householder
Ghṇaa [S], f. 1. aversion; hatred, abhorrence. 2. contempt, disdain.
Guphaa, f. a cave, place of retreat.
Gul, m. 1. a rose; a flower. 2. sg. burned: esp. a burnt wick, or its ash. P 272
Gulzaar [P. –zaar], m. & adj. A garden, or a bed, of rose or flowers; blooming, flourishing
Gulaab, m. rose-water. *2. a (red) rose
Guzaar m. 1. flower bed 2.garden a. blooming
Gum [P. gum], adj. 1. lost. 2. wanting, missing (as alertness, intelligence). 3. absent; hidden. ~ karnaa, to lose; to hide. Gumnaam, adj. whose name is lost: of no repute; anonymous; inglorious. P 271Gumraah, adj. & m. losing the way, wandering; misled; gone astray; one who has lost his way. ~ karnaa, vt. to lead astray
Gumaanaa: to turn
Gun [S.], m. 1. a quality, a property. 3. philos. Each of the three constituent of nature (viz. sattva “goodness”, rajas “passion” and tamas “darkness”) 5. a good quality, a virtue; a skill, aptitude; a talent. P 269
Gunaa [gu¸aka-], m. inv. & adj. 1. m. a multiplicative quantity. Koii ~ adhik, several times larger, or greater. 2. adj. (with numerals) a multiplicative suffix : -fold, times. Dugunaa, twice as much (as/se)
Gunaah [P.], m. 1. sin; fault, offence; vice. 2. guilt. ~ karnaa, to sin; to incur guilt
Guhyă [S], adj. 1. requiring, or able to be, hidden. 2. secret, mysterious; esoteric.
Gupt [S], adj. & m. 1. adj. hidden, secret; kept secret; confidential. 2. m. name of a north Indian community. 3. m. a dissembler, hypocrite. ~ karnaa, to conceal. ~ ruup, adv. secretely. Gupt-car, m. a scout, spy.
Guṛ m.jaggery
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Gussa, m. & adj. 1. m. anger; rage. 2. adj. colloq. angry. ~ karnaa, to be angry (with/par). P 273
Guzaarnaa, vt. 1. to cause to pass; to spend (time or one’s life); to complete. 2. to lay (a gift…) before (one)
Guzarnaa, vi. 1. to pass, to make one’s way (past). 2. to elapse (time); to befall, to happen (to/par). 3. (esp. guzar jaanaa). To pass by; to pass away, to die. – guzaraa, m. the past.
Gyaan: see jñaan
.HHH.
Hii, encl. 1. precisely; particularly (stressing a preceding word); one thing rather than another. 2. just, merelyused to emphasise, express acceptance, limitation, certainty or inaccessibility.
Had, f. 1. boundary. 2. limit, bounds; extent. 3. bar, obstruction. 4. adv. extremely, very. 5. adv. at most; at least (p1058)
Haḍḍii [cf H. haḍḍ-], f. 1. a bone. 2. a spavin. 3. hard core (of a carrot or similar root). 4. family; stock
Haahaakaar m. cry of distress, distressful lamentation, tumult, uproar
Haajii, m. musl. A pilgrim (to Mecca); one who has been to Mecca.
Hal, m. solution (of a problem)
Haal [A. hal], m. 1. state, condition. 2. circumstances, situation. 3. present and immediately preceding time. 4. account, story; news.Haal-caal, m. state, routine condition (of a person)
Haalaṁki, conj. That being the case: 1. although 2. however, nonetheless
Haal aanaa: to be inspired, to be thrown into ecstasies p1070
Haalat, f. particular state, condition; state of affairs
Halcal, f.1. stir, bustle; activity; commotion. 2. confusion; anarchy. 3. alarm, fright; panic. 4. wavering. ~ daalnaa, to strike confusion or terror (in/mein). ~ honaa, bustle, activity…to go on or to arise (in).
Halkaa: light
Hameśa [P. hameśa], adv. Always, constantly
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Hameśa ka, adj. existing always; eternalHameśa ke liye, adv. For ever
Hamlaa, m. 1. an attack. 2. assault (on a person). 3. aggression. ~ karnaa (par), to attack, &c
Haṅgaamaa [P hangaama], m. 1. tumultuous crowd; commotion, disturbance; din. 2. affray; riot
Hap, m. the sound of gulping in, or gobbling. ~ kar jaanaa, to eat up, to gobble up. ~ se khaanaa, id. Hap-jhap, adv. greedily, quickly (of eating). Hap-hap, id.
Haq, adj. & m. 1. adj. just, proper, right; true 2. m. justness, right; equity. 3. justice. 4. a right; a claim; privilege; franchise. 5. due share; due fee. 6. duty, obligation. 7. behalf, benefit; concern, advantage.
¹Haar , f. 1. a losing, defeat. 2. loss (a of money). 3. tiredness. 4. dejection²Haar [haara-], m. 1. a necklace. 2. a garland³Haar , m. reg. 1. a field; grazing ground. 2. the outer circle of the fields surrounding a village.
Haran [S.], m. 1. taking, seizing; carrying off; stealing. 2. taking away; removing (a difficulty; curing (a disease); ..p1060
Harj [A.], m. 1. trouble, loss, harm; inconvenience. 2. obstacle
Harjaa [P. harja], m. damages, compensation.
Harṣaṇ[S], state of ecstasy
Harṣit [S], adj. delighted, joyful; cheerful
Hast [S], m. 1. the hand. 2. the forearm. 3. astron. the thirteen lunar asterism
Hastii, f. 1. existence; the world; life. 2. wealth. 3. worth, merit. 4. transf. an important person.
Haṭh [S], m. 1. stubbornness, insistence (esp. unreasonable insistence). 2. crossness, sulks (of a child). 3. firm promise, or resolve. 4. force, violence. P1055
Haath [hasta-], m. p 1067/69. ~ par ~ dhare, or rakhe, adv. with arms folded. ~ par ~ dhare baiṭhe rahnaa, to sit doing nothing.
Hataanaa [cf. H. hatnaa], vt. 1. to remove; to move away, or aside. 2. to drive back or off, to repel. 3. to remove (from a post). 4. to postpone.
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Hatnaa, vi. 1. to move away, or aside (from/se); to turn aside; to withdraw, to retire. 2. to be driven back (as an enemy). 3. to be remove (from a post). 4. to desist (from). 5. to shrink (from). 6. to go back (on/se: as on a promise). 7. to be postponed
Hathelii , f. 1. palm (of the hand). 2. impression made by the palm.
Hatyaa [S], f. 1. killing; murder. 2. destruction. 3. a mortal sin. 4. a wretched creature. 5. fig. dire trouble; quarrel.
Haul, m. 1. fright, terror. 2. alarm. Hauldil, adj & m. frightened
Haul, m. U strength, power.
Havii, adj. 1. comprising, including. *2. getting within one’s grasp: dominating, prominent.Havii honaa, to include; to dominate or to be prominent (at the expense of/par)
Haazir, adj. 1. present. 2. ready, prepared, willing (to/ko, ke liye). ~ karnaa, to cause to appear, to present (a person); to hand over; to make ready. ~ honaa, to be present, or in attendance; to be ready, willing. Haazirjavaab, adj. ready with an answer, quick-witted; pert. ~ii, f. readiness with an answer etc.; repartee.
Hii, encl. 1. precisely; particularly (stressing a preceding word); one thing rather than another. 2. just, merelyused to emphasise, express acceptance, limitation, certainty or inaccessibility.
Hijje [A. hijaa], m. syllabification, spelling. ~ karnaa, to spell, &c ; to probe (a matter) ; to wrangle (over a matter). ~ nikaalnaa, to find fault (with). ~ pakṛaanaa, to find mistakes (of detail: in)
Hilaanaa [cf. H. 1. hilnaa], vt. 1. to shake. 2. to swing (legs, stick etc.); to wave (hand); to wag (tail). 3. to nod (the head, in agreement or disagreement). 4. to shrug (the shoulders). 5. to move, to dislodge. 6. to rouse (from sleep; or to action).
Himmat (f): courage
Hiinătaa [S.], f. 1. want, deprivation (of). 2. destitution. 3. deficiency, inferiority; baseness.
Hisaab, m. 1. counting, calculation; a calculation. 2. an account (business); accounts. 3. arithmetic. 4. a bill (of charges). 5. rate, price, charge. 6. measure; proportion. 7. calculation; rule, standars. 8. estimate, judgement. 9. calculated manner, manner of thought or action. 10. condition, situation
Hissaa [A. hissa], m. 1. part; section, division. 2. portion, share. 3. fin. A share. 4. dividend. 5. fig. sympathy
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Honaa, vi. 1. to be; to exist; to be present. 2. to become. 3. esp. ho jaanaa. To be accomplished, effected, done. Kaam ho gayaa hai, the job is finished. 4. to be committed (as error &c; by/se). 5. to result. 6. to happen. 7. to be born. 8. to serve (a purpose). 9. to be felt, experienced (an emotion: by/ko); to be suffered (as hunger: by/ko). 10. to elapse (time). 11. esp. ho jaanaa. To come to an end. Ho gayaa? Is (the meal, &c.) over? Are you finished? Ho aanaa, to become all at once; to spring up, to arise; to appear, to drop in (on/ke yahan); to have returned from, to have been in or to (a country, &c.). P 1081
Honii, f. 1. being, existence. 2. birth, origin. 3. = honhaar, 5.
Hoś, m. 1. consciousness, the senses. 2. mind, understanding; the wits. 3. sense, discretion p1042
Hośiyaar, adj. 1. intelligent. 2. knowledgeable. 3. skilful (at or in/men). 4. careful, alert. 5. sensible; sober. 6. knowing, shrewd. ~! interj. watch out! be careful! ~ karnaa, to apprise; to forewarn. ~ rahnaa, to be on one’s guard (against/se); to keep watch. ~ ho jaanaa, to reach the age of discretion, to leave the childhood behind.
Hujuum, m. a crowd
Hukm, m. 1. order, command; instruction. 2. judgement, finding (of a court); order, decree. 3. jurisdiction, authority; rule. 4. leave, permission, sanction. 5. (in cards) spade
.III.
Icchaa [S], f. 1. wish, desire. 2. will. ~ karnaa (kii), to wish, to desire
Ikaṭṭhaa, adj. 1. collected, assembled; (gathered) together. 2. taken together, totaled. ~ karnaa, to collect; to accumulate; to call together, to convene; to sum up, to total; to concentrate, to consolidate (as resources).
Iimaan, m. 1. belief (esp. in God); faith, creed. 2. good faith: honesty; trustworthiness; integrity. 3. honour. 4. conscience p110Iimaandaar, adj. believing, feeling faith; faithful; righteous, guided by conscience; honest; trustworthy.
Inkaar, m. 1. denial; objection (as to an argument); contradiction. 2. refusal; rejection. ~ karnaa (se), to deny; to contradict; to refuse (to); to reject.
Intazaam, m. 1. arrangement. 2. order, method; discipline. 3. organisation. ~ karnaa (kaa), to arrange; to arrange for; to manage; to plan. ~ denaa (ko), to impart order (to): to arrange, to regulate. # rakhnaa, to keep order etc.
Intazaar, m. expecting, waiting (anxiously). ~ karnaa, to wait (for/ka)
Iirṣyaa [S], f. 1. envy. 2. jealousy. 3. spite, ill-will
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Iiś [S], m. 1. lord, master. 2. the supreme spirit. 3. ruler; king. 4. husband
Ishaaraa: m. hint, signal, indication, nod, gesture
Is par bhi: despite this
Iṣṭ [S], adj. & m. 1. adj. desired. 2. cherished; favourite. 3. revered. 4. m. an object of desire, love or reverence; a favoured deity; a beloved person; one favoured by a deity. 5. faith, trust, love. 6. aim, goal. ~-kaal, m. astrol. favourable moment ~ - dev, m. the favoured deity of a family, or of an individual.
Iiśvăriiyă [S], adj. of God, divine
Itnaa: as much as this
-iiyă [S], suffix (form adjectives, e.g. bhaaratiiya, Indian)
Izzat [A. ‘izza: P. ‘izzat], f. honour; good name; esteem
.JJJ.
Zabardastii cf .ZZZ.
Jab, adv. & conj. 1. when , at the time when; while. 2. whereas. ~ kabhii, adv. wherever. ~ kaa, adj. of that time, of the time when: past, previous, last. ~ kaa ~, or ~ kaa tab, adv. at the proper moment. ~ ki, conj. = ~, ~ ~, conj. Whenever. ~ tak, conj. As long as; (with neg.) until; by which time, by that time. ~ tab, adv. sometimes, occasionally. …p357
(jhaaduu) the broom
Jagah, f: place
Jagaanaa [cf H, jagnaa], vt. 1. to cause to be awake, to awaken; to rouse. 2. to make conscious or alert; to stimulate. 3. to kindle, to revive (as a flagging fire)
Jagnaa [cf. H. jaagnaa], vi. 1. to wake up. 2. to be awake. 3. to burn (a flame).
Jaagaraṇ [S], m. 1. wakefulness. 2. vigil. 3. awareness.
Jaise, adv. 1. in the way in which, just as. 2. for instance. 3. as if. ~ bane, adv. As well as may be, somehow or other. ~ hii, conj. As soon as; precisely in the way in which, jaise-jaise, adv. In proportion as, just as. Jaise-taise, adv. Somehow or other, by hook or by crook, with difficulty
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Jaiv [S], adj. 1. pertaining to living creatures. 2. chem.. organic
Jaivikii [S], f. biology
Jal [jala-], m. 1. water. 2. (in chronograms) a symbol for the number four. p361Jalmay, adj. consisting, or filled with, water
Jalnaa [jvalati], vi. 1. to burn; to be lit (lamp, stove); to be on a fire (cooking ustensil)… 2. to be on fire; to be burned down (building). 3. to be cremated (body)… 6. to feel envy, or jealousy. 7. to feel irritation, exasperation, anger.
Jalaanaa [cf. H. jalnaa], vt. 1. to burn, to light (lamp, stove). 2. to set on fire; to burn down… 4. to inflame (feelings); to cause distress…
Jalvaa, m. making clear: splendour, lustre; beauty
Jaam, m. a goblet, drinking vessel.
Jaam [janman-], m. a son.
Jaam- [cf. janman-: Pk. jammai], vi. Av. to arise, to be produced, to germinate.
Jamaa: A1. collection, accumulation. 2. addition, adding up. 3. capital, wealth. 4. aggregate amount, sum, total. 5. stock, assets…B1collected, accumulated. 2. added. 3. credited…
Jamaanaa [cf H. ¹jamnaa], vt. 1. to cause to be fixed, or to adhere ; to set or to lay in place (as a brick) ; to spread (a layer). 2. to cause to congeal; to freeze (water); to clot, to coagulate (milk, blood). 3. to cause to take root, to plant. 4. to fix, to lay down; to measure out (a distance). 5. colloq. To deliver (a blow, a slap); to hit (a score: cricket). 6. to collect, to amass. 7. to establish, to consolidate (a position, an activity, an ascendancy). 8. to impress (upon, par: as one’s words, or authority).
Jamaavṛa [cf. H. jamaav], m. a gathering, assembly.
Jaaṁc [yaacnaa-], f. 1. examination, investigation; enquiry; interrogation. 2. test; appraisal, evaluation. 3. verification. 4. research, analysis.
Jaaṁcnaa [yaacyate], vt. 1. to examine, to investigate ; to enquire into ; to interrogate. 2. to test; to appraise, to evaluate. 3. to verify. 4. to research, to analyse
Jaan, f. & adj. 1. f. life, spirit; animating force (expression showing [jaan], f. in this sense often coexist with equivalents containing [jo], m. ). 2. vitality, viguour. 3. essential quality, essence. 4. adornment, grace, beauty. 5. sweetheart, darling. 6. adj. dear, beloved
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Jan [jana-], m. a living being: 1. a man; a person. 2. an attendant, servant; adherent (of a leader, or a deity). 3. (pl and in comp.) people, folk; community, a group
Jaṅgam [S], adj & m. 1, adj. moving, not stationary; living. 2. movable. 3. wandering, itinerant (as a beggar). 4. m. name of a Śaiva community.
Jaanvar (P) m. (a) living being, creature (b) animal (c) beast
Jaanaa, vi. 1. go; to depart; to travel; to issue (from/se); to go, to lead (to: as a road); to be sent, dispatched (as a telegram); to go on, to continue; to turn (to/par: as the thoughts); to act, to proceed. 2. to pass, to pass away; to elapse; to be lost; to be spent; to be destroyed or ruined. 3. to diminish, to dwindle, to evaporate (as courage, patience), to vanish; to be gone for good. 4. euph. To die. 5. to be forgotten, or passed over; to be overlooked (as an offence). 6. to be without, or deprived (of/se). p 368
Janaab, m. a title of respect (also euph.): you honour, your excellency; hi honour, his excellency
Janănii [S], f. mother, progenitrix
Janm [S.], m. 1. birth. 2. origin; emergence. 3. existence: lifetime; incarnation p 356
Janmaaṣṭamii, f. hind. The eight day of the dark half of the month Bhaadoṁ, the birth-day of Krishna; the festival held on that day.
Janmaantar, m. another birth, the next life
Jaannaa: to know
Jantu, m. an animal; a creature; an insect, &c.
Jap [conn. Japya-], m. 1. repetition in a low tone of an incantation, or the name of a deity; counting silently the beads of a rosary, &c. 2. a muttered prayer or spell. 3. meditation on the name of a deity
Jar [jataa-], f. 1. root. 2. basis, foundation; basic or essential aspect. origin, cause.Jaṛ ² a. 1. root 2. source, origin. 3. foundation
Jar [jada], adj. & m. 1. adj lifeless, inert; unfeeling. 2. composed of lifeless matter, material. 3. senseless, stupid. 4. cold, numb. 5. m. an inanimate or inert body; lifeless matter. 6. a stupid person.Jaṛ, f. 1. inanimate, lifeless, inert 2. sluggish, inactive 3. stupid, idioticJaṛ-cetan. a. the animate and the inanimateJaṛvaad. m. materialismJaṛvaadi. a. & m. materialistic, materialistJaṛvat, adj. EH. Inert
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Jaraa [S], old age: infirmity, decrepitude.
Jaṛatvă [S], m. = jaṛăta [S], f. 1. lifelessness; inertness; insensibility. 2. senselessness, stupidity. 3. torpor, apathy.
Jarraa. See zarraa
Jaasti tkLrh & T+;knkIt means ‘more’, ‘much’
Jaat [ad. Jaata-], adj. born; produced.
Jaat [ad. Jaati-], f. birth etc. jaat-paant, f. lineage, family ; community, caste. Jaatvaalaa, m. a person of high caste; a caste-fellow. See jaati p 367
Javaahar [A. javaahir, pl. & sg.], m. pl. & sg. 1. pl. jewels, precious stones. (= javaaharaat/A. javaahiraat) 2. sg. Jewel
Javaanii: early adulthood
Jhagaa, m. a long, loose garment (specif. as worn by very young children). [Baba says jhangola in the Trimurti one hour course]
Jhagṛaa, m. a quarrel; dispute, row; fight, brawl; quarrelling.
Jhagṛaaluu, adj. & m. 1. adj. quarrelsome, truculent; litigious. 2. m. a quarrelsome person.
Jhaaṛ, m. 1. a bush. 2. bushes, undergrowth, bambles; scrub; vegetation. 3. a chandelier. 4. a type of firework
Jhaaṛuu, m. a broom. ~ denaa (mein), to sweep (a room etc.); to make a clean sweep, to spare nothing…~lagaanaa (mein), to sweep (a room) p 393
Jhaṭ, m & adj. 1. m. quickness. 2. adj. quick; adv. quickly, at once. P 389
Jhuknaa, vi. .1 to be bent down, to bend; to droop; to lean, to incline; to sink; to be lowered, to drop (a flag, or the eyes); to nod, to sink (the head). 2. to bend down; to stoop; to crouch. 3. to submit, to yield (to/ke samne, ke aage); to pay homage (to). 4. to be perplexed (the mind). 5. to incline (towards/kii aur); to show an interest (in), or a proclivity (for). 6. to round, to turn (on/par or kii aur). 7. colloq. to be spent or thrown away (in or on/mein)
Jhuknaa, vi: to bowJhukaanaa, vt: to bow (the head…)
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Jhuṇḍ, m. 1. a flock (of animals or birds); a troop; herd; swarm. 2. a crowd, band. 3. clump.
Jhuuth, m. & adj. 1. m. a lie; falsehood. 2. adj. lying, false
Jhuuthaa, adj & m. 1. adj. Lying; false. 2. insincere, hypocritical. 3. illusory, unsound (belief); vain. 4. counterfeit, forged, spurious. 5. impure (metal, alloy, commodity). 6. unreliable, defective; useless. 7. m. a liar, a false person.
Jii [jiiva-], m. (with expressions showing “jii” there often co-exist equivalents showing “jaan”, f., or “dil”,m.; and sometimes “man”, m). 1. life, spirit; inner self; mind; heart, feelings. 2. spirits, courage, morale. 3. bodily state; health; vigour. 4. affection, regard.
Jiibh [jihvaa-], f. 1. the tongue. 2. a flat, projecting part: tongue (of a shoe); nib (of a pen).
Jilaanaa [cf. jiivala-], vt. 1. to give life to; to animate; to revive. 2. to allow to live, to preserve alive. 3. to keep (an animal).
Jiinaa [jiivati], vi. 1. to be alive, to live; to exist. 2. to enjoy life
Jiit [cf.H.jiitnaa], f. winning, victory; a win; a success.
Jiite jii, adv. living, alive; in the lifetime (of/ke); to the length of (one’s) life.Jiite jii marnaa, to die a living death; to suffer extreme misery or anguish.
Jiitnaa, vt. & vi. 1. vt. Overcome, to defeat (an enemy); to conquer; to beat. 2. to win (a battle, contest, prize). 3. to win the favour of, to win (one) over. 4. vi. To be won, to be successful (a case, a suit)
Jitnaa, adj & adv. As much as; as many as; however much, however many. ~…utnaa (hii), as much, or as many as… (just) so much, or so many.
Jitnaa, vi. To be conquered or subdued; to be won.
Jiivat [S], adj. 1. living, alive; for or during life. 2. [x H. jiivit] lively (a person). Jiivanmukt, adj. & m. released, while living, from future birth; one so released. Jiivanmukti, f. release from future birth, residence of the soul with braahmaṇ.
Jiivit, adj. & m. 1. adj. restored to life. *2. living, alive. 3. live (as a wire:= garam). 4. m. life, existence.
Jiiv-jantu: living creature
Jiyaa- vt. Brbh. Av. = jilaanaa
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Jñaan [S], m. 1. knowledge; understanding; wisdom. 2. learning. 3. consciousness. 4. philos. understanding of the identity of the self with the ultimate braahma¸
Jo p 381
Jo bhii: whoever, whichever
Jor: see zor
Jornaa, vt. 1. to join; to unite, to connect, to attach. 2. to attach. 2. to lay (bricks); to set (type); to solder; to set (a bone); to assemble (components); to mend, to patch; to stitch together; to bind up, to heal (a wound, a broken heart). 3. to gather together, to amass; to save up (money); to compile, or compose (a literary work). 4. to make an addition; to add; to count up. 5. to harness (as to a horse: se). 6. to match, to mate. 7. to put a light to: to light (a fire, a lamp). 8. to form, to strike up (a connection, relationship).
Joś, m. 1. boiling. 2. heat, excitement; passion; ardour, enthusiasm; rage; frenzy
Judaaii, f. 1. separation, parting; absence. 2. estrangement. 3. distinction, difference.
Julnaa [cf. *yuṭati], vi. In comp. w. milnaa, to be joined, to meet; to be harmonious, to agree
Juṭaanaa, vt. to cause to collect, or to combine: to collect; to amass, to obtain
Juṭnaa, vi. 1. to join; to adhere; to heal, to close (a wound). 2. to be adjoining, or adjacent. 3. to close (with, se:in fight). 4. to be involved or absorbed (in/mein, or ke piche): as in a task). 5. to be collected, to collect; to come together, to assemble; to get together (as to plot or to intrigue).
Juṛnaa [cf. jornaa], vi. 1. to be joined, to be attached; to be added, appended. 2. to cause to be mended, repaired. 3. to be collected ( = Juṭnaa); to come together, to assemble. 4. to be available (to/ko). 5. to be fastened, to be yoked ( = jutnaa); to be stuck together.
Jvaalaa, f. 1. flame, blaze. 2. burning sensation
Jvalan [S], m. 1. burning, blazing; conflagration. 2. burning feeling: an outburst (as of anger)
Jyoṁ, adv. in the way in which; just as; likeJyoṁ hii, at the moment when, as soon as; just as if (p385)- Jyoṁ-Jyoṁ, conj. In proportion as. Jyoṁ-Jyoṁ, adv. somehow or other; with difficulty
Jyoti [S], f. light; brilliance, radiance.
.KKK.
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Kabhii: p167
Kacahrii, f. 1. a court. 2. a public office. 3. the people assembled, esp. in a court, or office: a crowd; company, group. 4. the business of a court, or office. ~ karna, to hold a court; to carry on official work
Kaccaa, adj. & m. 1. adj. uncooked; untreated, raw (as unrefined brick, unslaked lime). 2. unripe, green (as fruit, wood). 3. crude, pertly processed (as paper, raw sugar, pig-iron). 4. immature, crude; undigested. 5. rough, sketchy; preliminary, provisional. 6. unfinished, incomplete. 7. imperfectly known or acquired, or skilled. 8. inexperienced, simple; stupid. 9. deficient; not fast (dye); not permanently confirmed (in tenure: a cultivator); undependable (a person). 10. unsound, false; incorrect, unreliable (as advice); invalid ( a document); discreditable (remarks). 11. unsteady, unstable. 12. timid; tender. 13. m. preliminary work: a plan, sketch, draft; basting stitch. P 156
Kachuaa: tortoise
KacaRa, m. = kacra, 2., 3. kacaRa kcaD,aKacra 2, m. 1. rubbish, sweepings, straw; husks
Kadâcit [S.], adv. 1. at some time; hardly ever. 2. perhaps. (cf comment Hindi in “indications for translations”)
Kaafii [A], adj. 1. enough, sufficient. 2. a fair or considerable amount of. 3. adv. quite, fairly
Kaafir, adj. & m. 1. adj. not believing (esp. in Islam); impious. 2. m. an unbeliever, infidel. 3. pej. base person, wretch; villain.
Kahaa [conn. Kasya], interr. Pron., &c, Brbh. 1. what? Which?. 2. rhetor. How? Why?
Kahaa [H. kahnaa], m. something said: 1. a remark; remarks. 2. advice. 3. an order. ~ karnaa, to carry out the instructions (of/ka). ~maannaa (ka), to obey. Kahaa-kahii, f. exchange of words. Kahaa-sunii, f. dispute, wrangle.
Kahaaṁ, adv 1. where? 2. rhetor. in what (possible) case? how? 3. whither? ~…~…, where (on the (?) one hand)…where (on the other): what a difference between…and … ~ kaa, of what place? Strange, unusual; of no sort. ~ kaa ~, from where to where?: where indeed? Extremely, intensively; far p 184
Kahiim, adv. 1. somewhere; anywhere. ~ bhii, anywhere at all. 2. by some chance; anyhow; perhaps. 3. rethor. By no means. 4. w neg. may it not happen that; lest. 5. to how great an extend: greatly. ~ aur, somewhere else. ~ ~, adv. here and there; at times; at intervals. ~ … ~, adv. in one place… in another; now… now; at intervals. ~ kaa, adj. belonging to somewhere. ~ kaa ~, adv. here and there; now here, now there; from one
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state or place to another, quite transformed. ~ nahin adv. nowhere. ~ se, adv. from somewhere; from anywhere. Jahan ~, adv. wherever. Har ~, adv. everywhereKahiim kaa: of any place, of some unknown place.Kahiim kaa Kahiim: at the wrong placeKahiim na Kahiim: somewhere or the other
Kahnaa p183*Kaha jaata hai: it is said
Kal: yesterday, tomorrow Kaal (m): time, age, period; grammatical tense
Kaalaa, adj. 1. black. 2. wicked. 3. fearful, dire. 4. m. a title of Krishna. P194
Kalaṅk [S], m. 1. a spot, mark; disfigurement. 2. blemish, disgrace. 3. accusation, suspicion, aspersion p176 near words
Kalaś, m. = kalsaa [kalaśa-], m. 1. a water-pot, pitcher, jar. 2. a rounded pinnacle or a ball, & c., on the top of a dome; crest, finial p177
Kalyaan [S], m. 1. welfare, prosperity; good fortune. 2. a virtuous or auspicious action p180 ~karna: to bring about (one’s) well-being or salvation. Kalyankari: adj. auspicious, conducive to one’s well-being, &c.
Kaam, m. action, act. 2. work, task. 3. occupation; business. 4. matter, business in hand; purpose. 5. a feat. 6. service, use; need (of/se). 7. workmanship; manufacture. 8. needlework.Kaam lenaa, to set to work; to make use (of/se)
Kaam [S.], m. 1. desire. 2. sexual desire; passion; lust. 3. the object of desire, &c. 5. –kaam. desirous of (eg. satyakaam, adj. desirous of truth, righteous)
Kam, adj. & adv. 1. adj. little, few, small (of amount or quantity); deficient, scanty. 2. less (than/se). ~ se ~, less than little: the least, the fewest. 3. adv. little; seldom. P168
Kamaaii [cf. H. kamaanaa], f. 1. the act of earning or acquiring. 2. earnings, gain, profits. 3. due recompense, or retribution
Kamal, m. a lotus
Kaamănaa [S], f. 1. desire. 2. lust.
Kamaanaa, vt. 1. to earn. 2. to acquire; to save, to accumulate. 3. to work (sg): to treat, to tend, to service.
Kamar [P.], f. 1. the waist, the loins. 2. waist (of a garnment)
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Kambakhta a. unfortunate, unlucky, miserable
Kaaṁṭhaa [kaṅtha-], m. 1. Av. throat. 2. [kaṇṭhaka-] red and blue ring round a parrot’s throat. 3. Brbh. edge, shore.
Kaṇ [S], m. 1. a particle, small fragment, granule; a grain, seed; drop. 2. facet (of a cut stone)
Kañcan [ad. Kaañcana-], m. gold.
Kandhaa [skandha-], m. the shoulder
Kańgaal, adj. 1. poor. 2. wretched
Kaanii [kanya-], f. the little finger.
Kanisth, adj. 1. smallest; little (finger). 2. youngest; younger (brother); junior.
Kanisthikaa, f. the little finger.
Kankar [cf. karkara-], m. 1. a nodule of limestone. 2. a stone; pl. stones, gravel. 3. a hard piece, fragment. 4. an uncut jewel.Kankar-patthar: pebbles and stones, shingle, gravel; fig. rubbish
d.BsA & fdukjk banks or shore. kNza kNzo pr
Kaanuun: see Q
Karaṇ [s], m. 1. cause; means, instrument. 2. motive, purpose; reason. 3. prime cause; source, basis. 4. (in tantric ritual; and transf.) alcoholic drink. 5. adv. & ppn. w. [ke], because of . is ~ (se), adv. for this reason
Karaanaa [cf. H. karnaa], vt. To cause to be done (by/se); to effect (as an introduction, a change); to perform (a sacrifice, &c).
That ShivBaba is karanhar (the one who performs actions himself) as well as karavanhar (the one who gets actions performed by others). Through whom is he karanhar? Through Brahma he performs and shows actions. No matter, whether the children would do or they wouldn’t. He does himself and shows. This s called karanhar. And then the father is karavanhar too. No matter whether he himself would do or not, but he will get performed by the children.
Karaṇik a. having a cause
Kaarbaar [P. –baar], m. dealings, business; trade; occupation
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-kaarii [S], adj. formant. Doing, making, performing (eg. karyakaarii, performing an act; executive)
-kaarii, f. formant. Work (eg. dastakaarii, f. handicraft)
Kariśmaa [P. kiriśma], m. wink, glance: 1. wonderful deed; a wonder, phenomenon. 2. talisman, charm; charisma. ~ dikhaanaa, to perform a feat.
Kaarkhaanaa, m. factory; workshop; business, activity
Karnighor Brahmins578 p 3On the path of bhakti they say: Baba when you come, we will sacrifice everything, we will surrender. It was just like Karnighor. There are Karnighor Brahmins, aren’t they? When someone dies, the things that belongs to him, however old they are, the Karnighor Brahmins take everything. This Father also has come as a Karnighor Brahmin. But what will the Father do after taking them? They don’t die alive (jite ji marna). This is a matter of dying in an unlimited way. The Father takes away the old vices of those who die alive.
Karoṛ, m. ten millions, a crore
Kaaru [S], m. poet. a maker, craftsman
Kaṛuaa a. bitter, astringent ( = kaṛvaa q.v.)
Kaṛuaanaa vi. 1. to become bitter or pungent. 2. to become angry. 3. (aankhe) to burn for want or sleep.
Kartavyă [S], m. to be done: 1. duty. 2. task p175
Kartavyătaa [S], f. sense of duty
Kaaryǎ [S.], m. 1. action, act; activity. 2. work, task, duty; function, role. 3. occupation. 4. business, matter (in hand); agenda
Kaśiś, f. 1. attraction, attractive power. 2. attractiveness, charm.
Katakatit: so called
Kathan [S], m. 1. narrating. 2. a narrative; an account; statement. 3. utterance, words. 4. a type of literary composition, unbroken narrative by a single speaker.
Kaṭhin [S], adj. 1. hard; sharp (a blade &c). 2. harsh. 3. difficult; burdensome.
Kathit [S], adj. 1. said, uttered; narrated. 2. spoken (language).
Kaṭnaa [cf. H. kaaṭnaa], vi. 1. to be cut; to be harvested (grain). 2. to be cut off, or cut away; to be written out (a cheque). 3. to be killed (as in battle); to be killed (as by a train);
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to be slaughtered. 4. to be deducted (from/se). 5. to be removed (from/se: as a name from a list). 6. to be squandered (money). 7. to be spent (time); to be endured, lived through. 8. to be ended (as tribulations). 9. to disappear, to be removed; to be effaced; to be faded, bleached (colour); to be annulled (sins). 10. to be countered or made inefective (as a playing cards when trumped). 11. to avoid, to shun (another). 12. to run off, to diverge (from/mein se: a branch road, or canal). 13. to be divisible (a number by/se, another). 14. fig. to be hurt, wounded; to be ashamed, or humiliated. p158
Kaaṭnaa [kartati¹], vt. 1. to cut; to cut into; to carve, to saw; to cut (a crop); to write (a cheque); to cut (cards); to book (a ticket). 2. to cut apart, to divide; to cleave (as waves); maths to cut (one line with another); arith. To divide (one number into another). 3. to bite into (food). 4. to bite (of an animal, a snake); to sting. 5. to gnaw; to eat away (as ants). 6. to wound; to chafe (against/mein: as a shoe the foot). 7. to cut out, to erase; to wash out (dirt, or sin); to delete; to cancel (a ticket, or an item from a programme); to abolish. 8. to disconnect (as a carriage from a train). 9. to cut away, to erode. 10 to spend (time, life); to to while away (time); to complete (a term). 11. to make, to drive (a road etc.); to lay out (road garden)…22.to be sharp; to be pungent; to be corrosive, or virulent; to sting (as cold wind).
Kaṭor: strict, stern
Kaurav [S], adj & m. connected with the Kurus
Kaurii [kapardikaa-:Drav.], f. 1. a small shell, a cowrie (formerly in use as a barter token of very low value). 2. colloq. a small amount of money. 3. a gland; a hard swelling. 4. a white mark on the finger nail
Kaayaa, f. 1. the body. 2. body (of an object); trunk (of a tree). 3. outer form, appearance. 4. [engl. body] an incorporated bodyKaayaa-kalp, m. rejuvenation (esp. by magical means)Kaayaa palt, f. transformation, metamorphosis; change of body, rebirth; recovery of health (after illness); an elixir of youth.
Kaayar: coward
kayiyan shariir
dkb;k¡ 'kjhj frail or skinny body; weak
Kendră, m. centre; middle part
Keval, adj & adv. 1. exclusively (one’s own), sole; one and only, absolute. 2. adv. Only; solely, merely.
Khabar, f. 1. news; information. 2. report, notification; message. 3. rumour. 4. fig. heed, care, attention. 5. firg. Good judgment or sense. Khabardaar, adj. & interj. watchful, careful; be careful!
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Khaḍḍ, m. 1. a pit; a gap. 2. low ground between hills; a pass, saddle. 3. ravine
Khaḍḍa, m. reg. 1. a pit; hollow. 2. dimple
Khadeṛ [cf. H. khadeṛnaa], f. chase, pursuit.
Khaad: “'khaad' which literally means fertilizer, but in spiritual terms it means mixturity, just as a cheap metal is mixed with a costly metal to make it cheap, thus reducing the quality. In the murlis, khaad refers to the alloy of vices.”
Khaak, f. 1. dust; earth. 2. ashes. 3. fig. nothing at all; sg. useless. Kyaa ~ hai, it’s of no use at all.
Khalas, adj. & m. 1. adj. freed; released. 2. needy, poor. 3. m. deliverance, release; discharge (as from service). 4. relief (from any burden)
Khaalsaa adj. & m. 1. adj. = khaalis. 2. hist. exchequer, revenue department. 3. hist. crown or government lands. *4. m. the Sikh order or brotherhood established by Guru Govind. Khaalse laganaa, hist. to be appropriated or confiscated (by the government).
Khaan, f. 1. a mine, a quarry; source. 2. a store; treasury. 3. ample store, abundance
Khaanaa vt&m. 1. vt. To eat. 2. to consume; to swallow; to inhale; to devour 3. to take. To take in, to accept…5. to suffer, to endure…p235
Khand [ad. Khanda-], m. 1. a piece, fragment; part. 2. a division; floor, or apartment (of a house); region (of a country, or of the world); section, segment; chapter; fascicule
Khandnaatmak a.1. segmental 2. repudiative 3. destructive
Khandit, adj. 1. broken into pieces; destroyed; split, divided; interrupted, broken off (as proceedings). 2. made imperfect; refuted; contradicted; impugned; disappointed (as trust, hope). ~ karnaa, to break, to destroy etc.
Khaar, m. 1. a thorn. 2. cock’s spur. 3. fig. rancour; envy; jealousy
Khara honaa: to be standing
Kharaab, adj. 1. bad, worthless; inferior. 2. spoiled; contaminated. 3. ruined; destroyed. 4. wretched, miserable (state). 5. corrupt, depraved; indecent; wicked. 6. violated (a woman). ~ karnaa, to spoil etc.; to ruin etc.; to corrupt; to violate.
Kharc , m. 1. outgoings: expenditures, expenses. 2. expense, cost
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Khaas, adj. 1. particular, special; distinct; express (as a stipulation). 2. specific; personal, private (house, servant, session). 3. choice, best (goods). 4. main, chief (in standing or importance). 5. U. noble. ~ karke, adv. = khaaskar P236Khaas taur par: especially
Khaaskar, adv. in particular, especially.
Khaasiyat, f. quality, special property; special nature
Khaatir, f. what occurs to the mind: 1. regard, respect. 2. considerate attention; hospitality. 3. ppn. out of consideration (for/kii)
Khatm, m & adj. 1. m. end. 2. adj. finished, completed, done; exhausted (as a commodity). ~ karnaa, to finish; euph. To do for, to kill. ~ honaa, to come to an end, to finish, to stop; to be finished, exhausted.
Khaṭṭaa, adj & m. 1. adj. acid, sour, tart. 2. m. a citron…daaṁt khaṭṭe karnaa (ke), fig. to give a reverse (to), to discomfit
Khayaal m. 1. thought, idea, notion 2. opinion, viewKhayaalaat: pluralKhayaalii, adj. 1. imaginary. 2. fanciful. 3. illusory
Khasoṭ [cf. H. khasoṭnaa], m. a plucking or tearing out. 2. a scratch, tear
Khauf, m. fear. ~ karnaa, to be afraid (of/se)…p246. khaufnaak, adj. fearsome, terrifying; afraid.
Khazaanaa, m. 1. treasury; store. 2. finance, revenue. 3. a treasure. khule khasaane, adv. openly, publicly.
Khel, m. 1. play; sport; amusement; dallying. 2. a game. 3. sg. Easy or unimportant: a trifle. 4. a wonder, a spectacle. 5. showing (as of a film)
Khidmat, f. 1. service. 2. employment, work. 3. a service, favour
Khiiṁcnaa, vt. 1. to pull; to drag. 2. to draw (as a sword). 3. to draw, to attract. 4. to draw (a line, a picture); to take (a photograph)
Khitpit: problem (not seen in dictionary)
Khonaa [kṣapayati], vt. 1. to lose. 2. to cause to be lost or destroyed; to waste
Khot: “'Khot' means any weakness, shortcoming, defect, etc.”Khoṭ, m. (f, pl). 1. fraud, falsehood; unfaithfulness, insincerity. 2. wickedness, vice. *3. fault, defect; adulteration. 4. hurt, harm; loss (in trade)
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Khoṭaa, adj. & m. 1. adj. false, fraudulent; treacherous; insincere. 2. wicked, vicious, bad. *3. defective: adulterated; counterfeit. 4. m. a false person, &c
Khuub [P. Khuub], adj. 1. fine, splendid; lovely, charming. 2. adv. very much, lots (of); very well; fine, splendidly.
Khud, refl. Pron. self (myself, himself, itself etc.)
Khudaa, m. the supreme being, God p240
Khudaaii [cf. H. khudaanaa], f. 1. digging; excavating; engraving; carving. 2. the cost of or charge for digging, &c. 3. colloq. investigating (a matter)
Khudii, f. selfishness; egoism; pride
Khulnaa [cf H. kholnaa], vi. 1. to be open, to come loose, to unravel; to be untied or unfastened; to be disentangled; to be scattered (as clouds). 2. to be uncovered or laid bare; to become clear (sky); to be light (a colour). 3. to be cleared (as a drain); to be removed (an obstruction); to be broadened (the mind). 4. to be laid, or split, open; to be dissected; to be analysed. 5. to be freed of restraint (as hand or tongue); to be loosed (as a hawk); to be resolved (a fear, an inhibition). 6. to be solved or explained…P241
Khush [P.khvus], adj. 1. pleased, glad; happy. 2. flourishing; well (of health); prosperous. 3. cheerful (of temperament). 4. pleasing; good
Khushbuu [P. –dar], f. fragrance. ~daar : fragant
Kiicaṛ, m. (f, pl.) 1. gummy matter in the eyes. *2. mud, mire, ooze.
Kicṛa, m. = Kiicaṛ
Kinaaraa, m. 1. side, edge, margin; end, limit. 2. shore, bank, beach. 3. a border, hem. ~ karnaa, to hold (oneself) aloof (from/se); to abstain, or to refrain (from). P 196
Kishor : adolescence
Kiiṭ [S], m. an insect…p199 Kiiṭaaṇu, m. a microbe, germ
*Kitne thore honge? how few there will be?
Kitaab, f: book
Koii bhii: anyone at allKoii nahin: no one, not anyKoii na koii, pron & adj. someone or another; some, one or another
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Kos [krośa-], m. a measure of distance (approx. two miles)
Kosnaa [krośati], vt. & m. 1. vt. to curse; to abuse. 2. m. a curse
Koṭi [S], f. 1. top, point, end (esp. curved, as of a bow). 2. category; grade, standard.
Kram [S], m. 1. a step, pace. 2. degree, stage; position in a series. 3. uninterrupted or regular progress; order, succession, sequence. 4. due method (of procedure). 5. rhet. name of an alaṅkaara. 6. pl. power, strength
KRipaa [S], f. 1. grace, favour. 2. compassion. 3. mercy; forgiveness
Kruur a. 1. cruel. 2. fearful, fierceKruurtaa f. cruelty, brutality
Kṣar [S], adj & m. 1. adj. perishing, impermanent. 2. m. anything which must perish.
Kṣaraṇ [S.], m. 1. a flowing, distilling, dropping. 2. erosion. 3. corr.? An alkaline product
Kshetr [S], xao`~ m. 1. a region, zone, or area; locality, district; precinct. 2. land; an enclosed plot of land, a field. 3. extent, area. 4. any sphere of action or operation; a partic. Topic or area. 5. philos. the body (considered as the field of the indwelling and working of the soul). 6. geom.. a figure, diagram.
Ksin, adj. diminished, reduced. 2. wasted, decayed; destroyed, lost. 3. enfeebled; thin, wasted. 4. slight, slender; subtle. 5. miserable, poor
Ksipră, adj. swift
Kuch: p202Kuch bhii: whatever, any(thing) at all Kuch na kuch: , pron., adj. & adv. Sg or other; some or other(s); somewhat, a little.
Kudṣṭi [S], f. 1. evil eye. 2. malicious glance. 3. lascivious glance.
Kukkuṭ [S], m. a cock
Kul [kula-], m. 1. a herd, troop, multitude. *2. a tribe; community, sect. 3. a family, house; lineage. 4. transf. good lineage or pedigree. P 208
Ku-riiti [S], f. misconduct, an improper practice or custom.
Kuṛkuṛaanaa, vi &vt. 1. vi. To rumble (as the bowels). 2. to grumble, to murmur (in irritation or anger). 3. to cakle, to cluck (as a hen). 4. HSS vt. to scare birds by shouting.
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Kuśal [S], adj. & f. m. 1. adj. skilful, deft, expert. 2. healthy. 3. happy; prosperous. 4. f. m. health, well-being. 5. good fortune; safety, happiness, prosperity
Ku-sang [S.], m. Brbh. Av. bad company
Kuṭumb [S], m. 1. family; family line. 2. relatives
.LLL.
Laad [cf. H. laadnaa], f. 1. load, burden. 2. reg. the stomach; innards.
Lag [lagna-], ppn. 1. up to, as far as; until. 2. near; along with. 3. while, during, as long as
Lagaam: reins (for the horse)
Lagan [cf H. lagnaa], f. 1. attachment, affection, 2. desire, longing. 3.intentness; a craze (for/ki) 4. being attached: contact / perseverance, devotion (to a purpose), assiduity.
Lagaanaa [cf. H. lagnaa], vt. 1. to attach; to join, to connect (to/se); to add on (as an appendix to a book). 2. to fix (in place); to put, to set (in or on, mein or par); to fasten (to); to install…p880
Lagaataar [H. lagnaa + H. taar], adv. In uninterrupted succession: continuously, constantly.
Lagaav [cf H. lagaanaa],m. 1.attachement, connection; contact 2.fellow-feeling; affection.
Lagbhag: about, nearly, approximately, almost, roughly
lage rahana: to be busy (in something)
Lagnaa [cf. lagyati], vi. 1. to be attached or applied (to/se or me); to be joined (to); to be fastened (to); to be added (to: an appendix etc) 2. to be or become fixed (in or on); to take root. 3. to be found, to occur (as in a partic. Habitat). 4. to be applied (to:as paint). 5. to be outlaid or expended (money, time, effort). 6. to be staked, wagered (on/par); to be invested. 7 to be imposed (as a tax). 8. to be accounted for, disposed of. 9. to be put (in or into, mein); to be inserted; to be planted (tree…). 10. to be put in order, set out (as wares). 11. to be occupied, engaged (in/mein); to occupy oneself (in). 12. to be intent or set (on). 13. to be engaged, involved (as the heart). 14 (w. obl. Inf.) to begin. 15. to be or to come close (to); to adjoin; to touch; to wear, to rub (as clothing against the skin); to put down anchor (a ship); to arrive (at a wharf). 16. to stick, to adhere. 17. to catch (on to; mein, as fire). 18. to catch (in, mein); to falter (the tongue). 19. to attach oneself (to/ke piice: a to a patron or a leader). 20. to close (door, eyelids). 21. to contract (stomach, in hunger). 22. to hit or to strike (against/ko, ke, mein); to chafe, to rub. 23. to be felt (physical sensation). 24. idem (emotions). 25. to seem (to/ko). 26. to be felt (a want, a
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lack: by/ko). 27. to come to light (trace, clue). 28. to have an effect (upon one); to strike home, to tell (remark). 29. to affect, to attack (disease, or blight on crops). 30. to be adversely affected, spoiled; to be unwholesome (food, water); to be tainted; to rot (fruit); to be burned (a dish). 31. to be successful, to come off well. 32. to come into fashion, or use…41. to pertain (to/ko); to concern. P 879Baba often uses lag paṛnaa, but I am not sure what nuance it gives to the sentence. It literally means ‘they start to become ....’.
Laaguu, adj. & m. 1. adj. in force, applying (as a regulation); chargeable (as tax). 2. valid (a document, a currency). 3. applying (as a remark: to/par). 4. following, pursuing (as an animal its prey). 5. intent (on), desirous (of/kaa). 6. m. a supporter, partisan (of a person or cause). 7. one who is intent on or in love (with, kaa/kii); a pursuer. ~ karnaa, to give effect to, to bring into force.
Lahr [lahari-], f. 1. a wave; surge. 2. loose fold (as of hanging). 3. waving line (as in a pattern). 4. access of emotion; excitement; delight, rapture; frenzy. 5. seizure, attack (of illness or pain); fit, convulsion. 6. breath (of soft wind); wafted fragrance. 7. fig. prosperity, heyday ~ marnaa, to be rough (the sea); to crawl (a snake) p889
Lajaanaa [lajjaapayati], vi & vt. 1. vi. To be ashamed (of/se). 2. to feel a sense of modesty or constraint; to be shy; to blush. 3. vt. to make ashamed; to shame (one)
Lajjaa [S], f. 1. shame; sense of decency or modesty. 2. bashfulness, shyness. 3. sense of honour. ~ aanaa (ko), to feel shame, &c. ~ karnaa, to be mindful of the honour (of/kii). ~ lagnaa, to be moved by a sense of shame, or modesty.
Lakiir, f. 1. a line; a groove; rut. 2. a streak; stripe. 3. line (of writing, print). 4. fig. line of movement, track. ~ khiincnaa (par), to draw a line; to mark a boundary; to cross out. ~ piiṭnaa, to follow in the track (of ancestors, or conventions) p878
Lakṣ [S], m. 1. one hundred thousand. 2. a mark, object of aim
Lakṣaṇ [S], m. 1. a sign, indication: mark or spot (on the body). *2 a characteristic; distinguishing feature. 3. a symptom.
Lakṣyă [S], adj & m. 1. adj. observable. 2. noteworthy. 3. m. aim, object of aim; target. 4. goal, purpose; plan. 5. indirect or secondary meaning (of a word). ~ karnaa (ko), to aim (at); to allude (to). ~ lagaanaa (par), to aim (at)
Lalcaanaa [cf. H. laalac], vt. & vi. 1. vt. To awaken desire in; to tantalise. 2. vi. Brbh. To feel desire or longing (for) (= lalcanaa)
Lalcanaa, vi. To feel desire; to covet; to lust for.
Laam -1, f. mil. 1. a line; line of battle; front. 2. a brigade, armyLaam -2 [A], m. the name of the letter l in the Arabic script
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Laanaa [laati], vt. Used without “ne” in perf. Forms. 1. to bring, to fetch. 2. to bring forward or in; to bring about; to introduce (an innovation, &c); to bring (a case: against/par). 3. to produce. Phuul ~, to bear fruit (a tree). 4. to purchase (and bring away)
Laaṛ, f. 1. affection. 2. caressing, caress; endearment. 3. playfulness (of a child).
Laaṛlaa, adj. & m. 1. adj. dear, darling. 2. brought up affectionately. 3. pampered (a child). 4. m. darling. 5. one brought up affectionately, &c.
Laṛaaii jhagre: fights and quarrels
Laṛnaa, vi & vt. 1. to fight (with/se); to quarrel; to struggle (with). 2. to strike (against/se); to collide (with: a vehicle). 3. to rub, or to wear (against). 4. to tally, to correspond (as an account). 5. to be set in contention, or at risk. 6. to be set or measured (against/se)
Laśkar, m. 1. army. 2. military camp, encampment. 3. crew (of a ship)
Laat, f. a kick. ~ khaanaa, to be kicked; fig. to be spurned. ~ calaana (par)/marnaa (par, men, or ko), to kick, to spurn.
Laṭaknaa, vi. 1. to hang, to be hanging; to dangle; to swing. 2. to lean (out of the vertical). 3. fig. to be kept waiting or in suspense. 4. to be or to be kept pending (a matter). 5. to delay, to linger.
Laṭkaanaa, vt. 1. to cause to hang, to suspend, to hang (an object); to swing. 2. to hang (sg) from, to attach (to/par, or par se: as lock to a door). 3. to hang (a person). 4. fig. to keep (a person) in suspense. 5. to keep pending, to defer (a matter)
Lataaṛ [cf. H. lataaṛnaa], f. 1. spurning, rejecting with contempt. 2. reviling, insulting. 3. fig. burdensome pressure (as of work). 4. colloq. A kick.
Lataaṛnaa, vt. 1. to spurn, to treat with contempt. 2. to revile, to insult.
Laathii (f): truncheon (big stick) (gyan ki laathii)
Lattuu [cf. H. lattaa], adj. reg. kicking; vicious (a horse)
Laukaa, m. the bottle-gourd (= laukii) Laayaq, adj. 1. fit, suitable (for/ke). 2. capable, able (a person). 3. deserving, worthy. Parhne ~, adj. worth reading
Lekhaa [lekhya-], m. 1. an account (financial). 2. reckoning, calculation. 3. estimation, assessment.
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Lekhaa-jokhaa, an account; a reckoning; report, account, assessment
Lenaa, vt. 1. to take; to receive; to accept. 2. to grasp, to hold. 3. to obtain; to buy; to rent, or to lease; to borrow. 4. to receive (arriving guests). 5. to require, to demand (time, effort, money). 6. to obtain, to get done (as work: by/se). 7. to invoke (a name). 8. esp. w. lenaa. To take possession of; to capture; to conquer. 9. to win (a game). 10. to adopt, to take on (a manner: towards/se); to rebuke. 11. to take (food or drink; esp. medicinally). 12. to engage (an employee). 13. to assume (a burden, a status). 14. to cut, to trim (hair, nails). 15. to make fun of. 16. to give or to supervise (an examination)
Lep, m. 1. smearing. 2. an ointment; a medicinal plaster; embrocation. 3. plaster. 4. whitewash.
Le jaanaa, to take and go: to take away (a person or thing); to export.
Leṭnaa [leṭyati], vi. 1. to lie down; to fall (at the feet of). 2. to rest. 3. to sink, to subside; to be beaten down (crops)
Liilaa [S.], f. 1. play, sport. *2. the acts of a deity as performed at pleasure (Ram and Krishna); the ways of God in the world. 3. a wonder, an exploit. 4. a dramatic representation, esp. the acts of a deity. 5. reth. Symbolic gestures or actions on the part of a heroine.
Lipaṭnaa, vi. 1. to stick (to.mein or se). 2. to cling (to/se). 3. to wrap or to wind (around/mein). 4. fig. to stick (at/ke piche: as at a task). 5. to join (in bodily contact); to wrestle (with/se). 6. to unite (with/se). 7. to be enfolded (by/se); to be embraced (by). 8. to be rolled into a ball; to be entangled, matted, or unravelled. 9. to be involved, engrossed (in/mein). 10. to be implicated (in/mein). 11. to be smeared (= lipnaa)
Lipt [S], adj. 1. smeared, spread over; plastered. 2. stained, sullied (by/se). 3. attached (to/se: as to the world of apparent reality); engrossed (in).
Lok [S], m. 1. the world; the universe. 2. a world, cosmological region (supra- or subterranean). 3. people, folk; the ordinary people, public; society. 4. mankind…loklaaj, f. the honour or credit of a people; regard for public opinion. Loksatta, f. a democracy…p901…lokik, materialistic
Loh [S.], m. 1. iron; steel. 2. fig. Brbh. A weapon. Lohkaar, m. a blacksmith
Lohaa [loha-], m. 1. iron; steel. 2. fig. a weapon, blade; arms. 3. an iron (for clothes = istarii). ~ karnaa to iron. ~ bajanaa, weapons to clash, a fight to be joined. ~ maanaa, to aknowledge the calibre (of/kaa); to aknowledge the strength or superiority (of). ~ lenaa (kaa), to size up (an adversary); to measure up (to), to be equal (of)
Lorii [*loḍa-, lola-], f. a lullaby
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Lupt [S], adj. vanished; missing (a word from a text); lost. 2. obsolete (a usage)
.MMM.
Macch, m. 1. a fish. 2. name of the first avatar of VishnuMatsyavataar: according to the scriptures, incarnation of Vishnu as a fish; maclii: fish
Macaanaa [cf. H. macnaa], vt. To cause, to produce; to stir up (as noise, strife)
Maaddaa, m. matter, material: 1. capacity, ability. 2. source, root. 3. pus
Madad.f.: help
Madhyă [S], adj. & m. 1. adj. middle; central. 2. intervening. 3. middling (of quality, position). 4. m. middle, midst; centre. 5. interval. 6. waist. 7. the inside of anything. 8. ppn. w. [ke] in the middle, &c (of); between.
Madadgaar. M.: helper
enkj fuHkZj: to depend on… It is a word Baba uses when He wants to say ‘depends on’/ ‘based on’.
Maadhav [S], m. 1. descendant of Madhu: a title of Krishna. Brbh. The month Baisaakh; spring.
Maadhur [S], m. HSS. Jasmine
Maadhuri [S], f. 1. a type of jasmine, jasminum zambac. 2. sweetness. 3. charm. 4. wine
Maadhuryă [S], f. 1. sweetness. 2. charm.
Madhur [S], adj. 1. sweet. 2. attractive, charming. 3. melodious. 4. soft, gentle (as gait, manner). Madhur-saraṇ, adj. moving gently, softly.
Magar: crocodile
Mahal-mariyaan ataariyaan: Baba uses this expression for big buildings, palaces etc.
Mahaan [S], adj. great, &c
Mahant m. 1. head of a religious order 2. head priest of a temple 3. a monk
Mahattvă [S], m. 1. greatness. 2. high position or status, authority. *3. importance; significance
Mahimaa [S.], f. 1. greatness. *2. grandeur, glory. 3. might, power. 4. high rank
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Mahsuus, adj. 1. perceived, felt; experienced. 2. perceptible. 3. understood, appreciated. ~ karnaa, to feel, to suffer from; to be sensible of; to realise. ~ honaa, to be perceived etc. (by/ko); to seem (to)
Maidaan, m. 1. flat, open field, open area; large lawn; race-ground; playing-field. 2. plain. 3. transf. & fig. field of battle; field of conflict, or activity. 4. a parade
Mail: dirt
Majbuur, adj. 1. compelled. 2. helpness, having no option. 3. oppressed.
Makaan, m. a place, station: 1. a house; dwelling. 2. a flat, apartment
Makkhii, [makṣikaa-], f. 1. a fly. 2. a bee. 3. foresight (of a rifle). P781
¹Maal, m. 1. wealth. *2. property, possessions, goods, things; luggage. 3. merchandise, goods; produce. 4. material(s) (of or for manufacture). 5. finance (esp. governmental). 6. land revenue. 7. a prize (of money). 8. math. The square of a number. 9. sg. Fine or splendid. 10. colloq. An attractive girl..…etc. p809
²Maal [maalaa-: Drav.], f. 1. a garland etc. 2. string (of a spinning-wheel, or of a reel etc.). 3. line, row.
³Maal [malla- ¹: Drav.], m. Brbh. Av. a wrestler ; champion.
Maalaa, f. 1. garland. 2. a necklace; string of beads. 3. a row, line…~ japnaa, or phirnaa, to tell (one’s beads to perform devotions).
Malik, m. possessor: 1. master, owner; lord. 2. God. 3. husband.
Maaluum paṛnaa, to seem, to appear
Mamătaa [S], f. interest or affection for people or things connected with oneself: 1. proprietary interest. 2. affection, attachment; tenderness. 3. pride, arrogance
Mamatvaa [S], m. = mamătaa [S], f. interest or affection for people or things connected with oneself: 1. proprietary interest. 2. affection, attachment; tenderness. 3. pride, arrogance
Mamzil [A. manzil], f. 1. a halting place. 2. inn. 3. stage (of journey, or progress). 4. destination, goal. 5. storey, floor
Man, m. 1. the mind (as seat of perception and feelings). 2. the heart. 3. the soul. 4. wish, inclination; will; purpose. 5. character, temperament.
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Maan, m. 1. good opinion of self; self-respect, honour. 2. pride. 3. honour, respect (to or for other persons or things), regard; heed, obedience; acceptance (as of a view). 4. reputation, prestige; status. 5. wounded honour or pride; anger; caprice (of an offended woman), sulkiness. (other meanings p805)
-maan [S], suffix (form adjectives which are properly masculines, chiefly from nouns, having the sense “possessed of…”, e.g. diiptimaan, illuminated, brilliant; shriimaan, voc. Auspicious one, sir: feminines properly in –matii). Gyan: svamaan: position of the self?
Manaa, adj. inv. Forbidden; prohibited. ~ karnaa, to forbid etc.
euk djuk : to refuse ; though it means ‘to forbid’, in contexts like the one above it is used in this sense. When it is used on oneself it will mean to refuse, but when you use it on others it will mean forbid. Ckkck us ckgj [kkus ds fy, euk fd;k gSA Baba has forbidden us to eat outside.
mlus lkeku ys tkus ds fy, euk dj fn;kA He refused to carry the things with him.
Manaanaa [cf.H. maannaa], vt. To make mindful: 1. to cause to agree, to persuade; to reason with; to prevail on. 2. to console. 3. to conciliate (an opponent, one offended); to placate; to soothe. 4. to invoke (a deity); to worship. 5. to cause to be kept, to celebrate (festival, holiday). 6. poet. to acknowledge (a fault). 7. to meditate, to reflect on
Manc (m): stage, platform (rang manc: colourful stage, the world as op. to white subtle world)
Maṇḍal [maṇḍala-], m. 1. disc, circle. 2. ring ; coil (as of a snake) ; band. 3. circular course, revolution; orbit (of a heavenly body). 4. halo. 5. globe, sphere, orb. 6. the vault of the sky. 7. the hrozon. 8. transf. region, district; zone. 9. amphitheatre; circular stage (esp. that on which Krishna round dance is performed). 10. company, circle; society, association, body; sect; committee. 11. a type of mystical diagram.
*Mandir (p780) layak: temple worthy
Maṇḍlii, f. 1. a small circle, disc, ring or coil. 2. a circle, group, party; society; flock (of birds, animals)
Maṅgal [maṅgala-], adj. & m. 1. adj. fortunate, prosperous. *2. auspicious. 3. m. good fortune; prosperity. 4. auspiciousness. 5. well-being. 6. glad or auspicious event (as a
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marriage); a festival; festivities. 7. a good omen. 8. an auspicious prayer; blessing. 9. an auspicious song (as at a wedding). 10. name of the planet Mars. 11. Tuesday. 12. (in chronograms) the number eight.
Maṁgaanaa [cf. H. maṁgnaa ], vt. 1. to send for. 2. to ask for. 3. to order, to obtain (as books etc.); to take (as a newspaper).
Maaṁgnaa [maargati], vt. 1. to ask for, to request (from/se); to entreat; to beg (as alms). 2. to demand. 3. to borrow
Maanind, ppn. w. [kii] or [ke]. like
Maniiṣaa [S], f. thought, wisdom; intelligence.
Mankaa, m. 1. a bead. 2. a rosary
Manthan [S], m. 1. churning, stirring. 2. shaking, agitating (the feelings). 3. delving into, sitting through (a matter)
Manuaa [manu-], m. reg. 1. a man. 2. a monkey
Manyătaa [S], f. 1. belief, opinion; pl. values. 2. acceptance (as of a view); authority (of an opinion); validity; recognition (of a body). 3. permission (to/kii)
Maaraa, a. 1. beaten. 2. killed, slain. 3. murdered
Maaraa-maarii, f. (a) hurrying (b) rush (c) killingmaramari means : scuffle, affray; bustle, rush; constant or dire struggle
mare [cf. H. maarnaa], ppn, often inverted. Because (of/ke); on account (of)
maarg [S], m. road…p808
Maarii [cf. H. maarnaa], f. Pl. 1. a beating. 2. a blow
Maarii [maarikaa-], f. 1. any deadly disease (= mahaamaarii); plague; cholera. 2. epidemic.
Marnaa, vi. 1. to die. 2. to fade, to wither. 3. to cease, no longer to be felt (hunger, emotion). 4. to go out (fire)…p 792.
Maarnaa, m. 1. to beat; to hit, to strike. 2. to kill….10. to destroy…….p808
Martabaa [A. martaba], m. step, degree: 1. time , occasion. 2. position, office. Ek ~, on one occasion.
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Maryaadaa [S], f. 1. limit, boundary. 2. bounds (of law, usage); custom; convention. 3. correct behaviour; decorum. 4. station, dignity; honour. 5. merit (cf. dharm, 6)
Mazbuut, adj. 1. strong (esp. of things, but also of people). 2. fixed, firm; tight (as a tie); steady; immovable. 3. firm (of market prices).
Maaśhuur [A. maśhuur[, adj. 1. well-known; public (as information). 2. celebrated; famous. 3. notorious.
Mastii, f. 1. intoxication. 2. passion; lust. 3. delight, unrestrained joy. 4. overweening pride. 5. effusion in rut (as of an elephant). 6. exudation (as from trees)
Mastiṣk [S], m. the brain.
Maaśuuq, adj & m. 1. adj. beloved. 2. m. loved person
Mat [S.], m. 1. opinion, view; feeling. 2. system of opinions; doctrine; persuasion (religious, philosophical, political). 3. fig. sect, party. 4. thought, idea; intention. 5. advice. 6. vote.Mat-mataantar, m. different opinions, variety of opinion
Maathaa [mastaka-], f. 1. the forehead; the head. 2. upper part; summit. 3. prow. Maathaa khapaanaa, to rack the brain, ~ khaanaa, to plague, to harass. ~ garam honaa, to be or to become angry. ~ ṭikaanaa, to rest the head (on the ground: to prostrate oneself) …p 804…~ maarnaa, to rack the brain, to beat the brow
Matlab, m. 1. object, intention; purpose; desire. 2. meaning. 3. sense, point
Maatr [S.], adj. & adv. Usu. In comp. of the amount of: 1. adj. mere. 2. sole. 3. adv. Merely, only; just; solely
tks Hkh euq"; ek= gSa] oks lc eu pykus okys gSaA All the human beings use their mind. (Those who are merely human beings, they are all the ones who use the mind) Here ‘matr’ does not exactly mean merely but it is a way of saying ‘all those who are human beings’ mankind; all the humans; praaNii maatr = all the living beings
Mauj, f. 1. a wave. 2. surge (of emotion); ecstasy; delight. 3. whim. ~ aanaa (ko), an idea or whim to come into the mind; to be moved, or thrilled. ~ karnaa, to surge (the sea); to be capricious; to enjoy oneself without restraint. ~ maarnaa, id., 2., 3. ~ men aanaa, to become excited, or ecstatic. Man kii ~. F. a whim, an impulse.
Maujuud, adj. 1. present; at hand, ready; available. 2. existent. ~ karnaa, to bring before, to produce; to provide, to supply. ~ rahnaa, to be present; to remain in attendance; to continue; to exist
Maujuuṁ, adj. 1. present; at hand, ready; available. 2. existent
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Mausam, m. 1. time, season (of the year). 2. the weather. 3. appropriate time, season (for sg).
Mausii: aunt (mother’s sister)
Maut, f.1. death. 2. mortality.
-may [S], suffix (forms adjectives having the sense “consisting of”. Eg. madhumay, sweet, honied)
Mazaa, m. 1. taste, relish. 2. pleasure, enjoyment; contentment. 3. amusement, fun; joke. ~ aanaa (ko), relish, or pleasure, &c. to be felt (by: at or in/men) p783
Mazbuut: strong, not easily broken, solidMazbuut: strong, firm
Mehmaan, m. 1. a guest. 2. a son-in-law
Mehnat, f. 1. labour, work; toil. 2. industry, application. ~ karnaa, to work hard (for or after/ke piiche)
Mehtar, m euph. A sweeper
Mel [cf. H. melnaa: or mela-], m. 1. meeting; assembly. 2. mixture, mixing. 3. connection; association (with/se), combination. 4. concord, harmony. 5. reconciliation. 6. consistency, balance, proportion (between parts); similarity. 7. counterpart; kind, sort. 8. balance (as of an account); tally. 9. band, company; union, alliance.
Milaa-julaa a. 1. mixed 2. combined
Milk [A], f. possession: 1. landed property. 2. reg. (W) a kind of rent free tenure.Milkiyat [P], f. 1. property, possession (esp. real estate). 2. possession, ownership
Milaan [cf. H. milnaa], m. 1. bringing together; joining; mixing. 2. comparing, comparison (of); check, verification (as of figures). 3. adjustment (as of differences); reconciliation. 4. [cf. *mell-] Brbh, settlement or camp (for the night). ~ milaanaa (kaa), to adjust accounts (as of land under cultivation).
Milnaa [milati], vi. 1. to be mixed or mingled; to mix etc. 2. to be joined or united (persons or things); to join, to adjoin; to meet (as road, boundaries). 3. to be or to become connected (with/se); to be adjacent. 4. to be found; to be obtained, available (as an object or a commodity; or as time, or an opportunity; or as any quality, eg. strength, or rest, or peace (by/ko). 5. to be received; to accrue (to/ko). 6. to be found (as an object or goal after search or striving). 7. to be given (as a prize, a punishment). 8. to meet (with a person, se: where intent is implied); to visit. 9. to be encountered (by/ko); to meet, to
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encounter (by chance). 10. to associate (with/se). 11. to assemble. 12. to be similar (to/se); to coincide; to correspond; to resemble (in respect of/se). 13. to be in harmony (as views, moods); to be in tune (musical instruments). 14. to be reconciled.
Miṭaanaa [cf. miṭnaa], vt. 1. to erase; to obliterate; to cancel (as a decree). 2. to destroy. 3. to eliminate (as an abuse); to mitigate. 4. to allay (as pangs of hunger, or of distress). 5. fig. to be infatuated (with/par). 6. to expire; to be reduced to extinction (a species)
Mittii, f. 1. earth, soil; clay. 2. dust. 3. fig. the body. 5. dirt, filth.
Mohini*: enchantment
Mridul aatmaa: soft, gentle, tender soul
Mt [S], adj. dead
Mubaarak, adj & interj. 1. adj. blessed. 2. fortunate. 3. interj. Blessings! Congratulations! / auspicious, holy, blessing, interj. Welcome
Muhabbat, f. 1. love, affection. 2. warm friendship
Muhallaa, m. suburb; quarter (of a town); ward
Muhtaaj, adj. & m. 1. adj. in want, needy. 2. m. a pauper. 3. a beggar. 4. a handicapped person; a cripple
Mukhiyaa [ad. Mukhya-], adj & m. usu. inv. 1. adj. chief. 2. m. chief, leader, head. 3. village headman.
Mukti [S], f. .1. release, deliverance. 2. freedom, emancipation. 3. release of the soul from the body and from further rebirth; salvation. Muktidaataa, adj. & m. inv. Giving freedom, or salvation; deliverer; saviour
Muni m. ascetic, sage, hermit
Muul [muula-: ? ← Drav.] m. & adj. 1. m. root. 2. source, origin; cause. 3. basis, foundation. 4. fin. Capital, principal. 5. original (text or language). 6. math. root. 7. a lunar asterism (considered unlucky): the stars in the tail of scorpio. 8. adj. radical, basic, fundamental; essential (as cause, substance, development, contribution); real. 9. ancient, of long standing (as a home, a people). 10. principal, chief, main; primary (as a source); dominant
Muulyaa [S], m. price, &c. muulyavaan, adj. valuable; precious.
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Muqaabǎlaa, m & ppn. 1. confrontation, challenge. 2. opposition, resistance (as of enemy forces). 3. competition, rivalry. 4. comparison; contrast. 5. ppn. w. “ke”. In comparison (with/me)
Muqarrar [A], adj. 1. adj. settled, fixed, determined; assigned (as a share); imposed. 2. appointed (to a post)
Murdaa I. a. dead, lifeless II. M. dead body, corpse
Muriid, f. U. a follower, disciple.
Murjhaanaa, vi. 1. to wither; to fade. 2. to become dispirited; to pine. 3. to feel faint; to swoon.
Murnaa (intr.): to turn
Muurt [S], adj. having material form: tangible, perceptible; incarnate.
Muurti [S], f. 1. any body having material form; figure; form. *2. idol; statue; image. 3. embodiment, manifestation ; personification.
Musafir [A.musaafir]. m. 1. a traveller. 2. a passenger
Musiibat [Amusiba : P. musiibat], f. 1. a misfortune ; a disaster. 2. trouble, adversity
Muskaraahat [cf H. muskaraanaa], f. a smile; a grin; a smirk
Muut paliti: dirty clothesMuut, m. urine
Muṭṭhii [muṣṭi-], f. 1. the fist. 2. clutch, grasp. 3. a handful. 4. fetlock (of a horse). 5. a hand’s width. 6. a baby’s teething-stick…~ bhar, adv. a handful. ~ men, adv. in the fist or hand (of/kii); in the clutches or power (of)…p 821
.NNN.
Nagar [S], m. a city, a town; municipality
Nagnă [S], adj. naked
Nahin to: otherwise
Nahr [A], f. stream, flow. *2 a canal; an irrigation channel
Naalaa [naadii-, naala-], m. 1. a watercourse (natural). 2. water-channel (manmade). 3. drain; gutter.
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Nain [ad. ²nayana-], m. the eye ( = ²nayan)
Nainaa [²nayana-], m. reg. the eye.
Naam-nishaan, m. sign, trace, vestige
Namrătaa [S], f. 1. bent or bowed state : 1. mildness. 2. humility. 3. submissiveness; obeisance. ~ karnaa, to practice humility (towards/se); to be mild, or meek.
Namuunaa : sample
Nakkaa [cf. H. naak], adj & m. pl. 1. adj. Nasal. 2. m. one who speak through the nose. 3. a single item: the ace (at card or dice). 4. HSS. The eyr of a needle. Nakkaa-muuṭh, m. a game played with cowrie shell, &c, odds or evens.
Naman [S], m & adj. 1. m. bowing down. 2. salutation, greeting. 3. adj. bowed, bending; stooping
Naqlii [A], adj. 1. imitated ; artificial ; synthetic. 2. copied fraudulently; counterfeit; forget. 3. spurious.
Naqśaa [A. naqśa], m. 1. a picture ; portrait. 2. map. 3. plan ; sketch, draft ; diagram ; model, pattern. 4. features (facial). 5. fig. state of affairs, situation; prospects; predicament. 6. a problem (in chess). 7. an image (in the mind’s eye)
Naaraa, m. 1. a shout, cry. 2. slogan.
Naarad [S], m. mythol. 1. name of a sage (one of the four sons of Brahmaa, and inventor pf the viiṇaa; a frien and devotee of Krishna). 2. transf. a tale-bearer, causer of quarrels. 3. an argumentative person.
Naaś [s.], m. 1. destruction; ruin, devastation; loss. 2. annihilation.Naaś karnaa : to destroy, to spoil
Naśaa [P. naśa], m. intoxication; stupor. 2. intoxicant, alcohol. 3. a narcotic. 4. fig. pride; conceit; self-delusion
Nasdik: near
Nasl, f. 1. offspring, descendant; family. *breed, stock; race
Naastik, adj. & m. 1. adj. saying “naasti”: “it is not”: atheistic. 2. m. an atheist; an unbeliever.
Naatak: play
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Naukar, m. 1. a servant, attendant, retainer. 2. one serving in a post; a government or public servant. naukar-caakar, m. pl. servants
Navaabii, adj & f. 1. adj. having to do with a navaab, or with the later Mughal period. 2. f. position or status of navaab. 3. the later Mughal period. 4. anarchy, misrule. 5. princely luxury
Nayan [S], m. the eye
Nazaaraa, m. 1. look, glance. 2. sight, view; scene.
Ni- [S], pref. 1. down, back, into
Nibhaanaa, vt. = nibaahnaa: 1. to carry on or through (as a task, a relationship); to complete, &c; to fulfil. 2. to support, to maintain. Aur nibaah-, Av. to carry (sg.) through (to its end)
Nicoṛ [cf. H. nicoṛnaa], m. 1. liquid pressed or wrung out; juice, extract. 2. transf. essence; gist.
Nicoṛnaa, vt. 1. to to press or to wring out (liquid); to strain. 2. fig, to extort; to milk, to bleed.
Ni-svârth [S], adj. selfless, disinterested.
Nikalnaa, vi. 1. to be taken out (of/se); to be pulled out. 2. to be extracted (as minerals); to be pressed out (juice); to be distilled. 3. to be removed, taken off. 4. to come out, to emerge; to pour out, to leak out; to flow; to shoot (sprouts); to be shot forth. 5. to turn out, to result (a matter); to prove to be; to be debited or credited as a balance. 6. to go out; to go on its way (a procession); to go away. 7. to be lost (the character or quality of sg); to disappear. 8. to pass by (as time, life); to be wasted. 9. to go ahead, to advance; to go (beyond/se), to exceed, to excel. 10. to project; to be prominent (also fig.)…21. to run out (a stock of goods). P557!
Ni-mantraṇ [S], m. 1. call, summons. *2 invitation. ~ karnaa, to invite (a person/kaa). ~ denaa (ko), to summon, or to invite (a person: to/ka)
Niiṁd [nidraa-], f. sleep.
Nimitt [S.] m& ppn. 1. m. cause; motive, reason. 2. sign, omen. 3. share, allotment; fortune. 4. ppn (w. ke) for the sake (of); for the purpose (of). /AD m. cause, reason. 2. object, purpose, motive, goal, aim. 3. (bahaanaa) excuse, pretext, pretension. Adv. (ke nimit) for, on account, because of, with a view to, for the sake of.Nimit kaaran m. instrumental or material cause. Gyan: instrument.
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Nir-aa-kaar [S], adj & m. 1. adj. formless; without form (as the ultimate being). 2. malformed. 3. m. the ultimate being.
Niraakaarii
Niraalaa, adj. 1. adj. separate, apart; lonely (a place); solitary (a person). 2. distinct; strange, unusual; peculiar, odd. 3. rare; extraordinaire; unique. 4. m. a lonely place. 5. a private place.
Nir-añjan [S], adj. & m. without collyrium: 1. untainted, pure. 2. a title of the god Śiva. 3. a title of the ultimate being.
Nir-antar [S], adj. without gaps or intervals (esp. of time): 1. continuous; uninterrupted. 2. eternal. 3. similar, identical. 4. contiguous.
Nirbhay - fearless / nir=without, not; bhay= fear
Nirgun. a. devoid of or beyond all qualities or propensities, without attributes (sat) goodness and purity, (raj) materialism, (tam) darkness and ignorance.
Nir-lep [S], adj. not smeared (with) or tainted (by)
Nir-lipt [S], adj. 1. unsmeared, unanointed. 2. uncontaminated. *3. detached (from the world)
Nirog, adj. & m. 1. adj. not ill, in good health (= niirog). 2. m. good health
Nirogi, adj. & m. 1. adj. = nirog. 2. m. a healthy person
Nir-mal, adj. clear (as sky, water); pure / AD a. 1. free from dirt or impurities, stainless, spotless. 2. clean, limpid. 3. pure. 4. unblemished.Nirmal aakaash m. clear sky
Nir-mam [S], adj. selfless: 1. disinterested, indifferent. *2. without tenderness; cruel.
Nirmaan: not found in dictionary. Gyan: humble??
Nir-maaṇ [S], m. 1. building, construction; building works. 2. manufacture. 3. creation, development, nurture (as of views, attitudes). 4. a structure, building; measuring.
Nir-moh [S], adj. 1. free from illusion. *2. not moved by affection or love; cold, harsh.
Nir-vaah [S], m. 1. carrying on or through; accomplishing, fulfilling. 2. continued existence; subsistence. 3. conclusion
Nir-vair [S], adj. peaceable
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Nir-vaan, adj. & m. blown out: 1. adj. dead. 2. m. death, extinction; eternal bliss (in reunion with the ultimate being); annihilation (of the personality, at death)
Nirvighna, adj. m. 1. adj. unobstructed; untroubled, secure. 2. m. lack of obstruction, smooth course. Gyan: free from obstacles.
Nir-vi-kalp, adj. not allowing for distinction or difference, changeless (as the ultimate being) / (AD) without an alternative or option. 2. recognising not such distinction as that of subject and object. 3. changeless (as the ultimate being). 4. unborn, innate. 5. doubtless, unquestionable, without misgiving. 6. absolute, transcendental. Gyan: free from sinful thoughts.
Ni-vtt [S], adj. turned back: 1. free (from/se). 2. detached (from); abstaining (from). 3. discontinued; refrained, or abstained (from); retired. 4. [= nivta-] checked, stopped, hindered. 5. [ = nirvrtta-] finished, completed.
Niśaan, m. 1. sign, signal; marker. 2. flag, standard; colours. 3. mark; impression. 4. scar. 5. trace; trail; clue. 6. vestige; monument. 7. address. 8. mark, target.
Niśaanaa [P. niśaana], m. 1. mark, sign; impression. 2. a target, mark; bull’s-eye. 3. aim (as of a shot). 4. butt (of jokes).
Niśaanii, f. 1. a distinctive mark; sign, evidence. 2. a token, souvenir. 3. a memorial (pillar etc.). 4. a secret sign.
Nisaar, m. 1. offering, sacrifice. 2. devotion. ~ karnaa, to offer etc.; to devote oneself (to/par)
Niś-cal [S], 1. motionless; immovable, fixed. 2. unwavering, unfluctuating. 3. absolute (a majority)
Niś-cay [S], m. m & adv. 1. m. ascertainment; verification, proof. 2. determination, decision; firm opinion. 3. assurance, certainty. *4. decision, resolve. 5. adv. certainly, definitely.
Niś-cint [S], adj. 1. free from care, or anxiety. 2. at peace, at leisure. 3. thoughtless, inconsiderate; unconcerned (about,se)
Niś-cit [S], adj. 1. ascertained; not subject to doubt. 2. determined, fixed, settled; definite, decided.
Nissankoc- without hesitation/ nis=nir; sankoc contraction, shyness, bashfulness, hesitation
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-ni-sth. adj. formant, characterised by (e.g. sanskritnisth, sanskritised (vocabulary)).
Ni-ṣṭhaa [S], f. firm position: 1. certain knowledge: faith, belief. 2. reverence; devotion (to/ke prati, kii or). ni-ṣṭhaa-śapth, f. oath of allegiance. ni-ṣṭhaa-vaan, adj. believing, faithful; reverent, devout; fulfilling all religious duties.
Niiti [S], f. manner of conductiong oneself. 2. right, or moral conduct; morality. 3. ethics. 4. prudent counsel, policy; polity (of a state). 5. political wisdom; statesmanship.
Ni-vaas [S.], m. 1. residing; residence. 2. dwelling-place, residence.Ni-vaas karna: to dwell
Nivaaz a. showing kindness or favour, cherishing. Bandaanivaaz: cherisher of servants
Ni-vtt [S], adj. turned back: 1. free (from/se). 2. detached (from); abstaining (from). 3. discontinued; refrained, or abstained (from); retired. 4. [= nivta-] finished, completed.
Ni-vtti [S], f. returning, return: 1. release (from/se); escape; release from rebirth. 2. suspension, discontinuation. 3. abstinence. 4. retirement
Nuktaa, m. a (sharp) point: 1. a pointed or witty expression. 2. a nice or subtle point; point of criticism; a particular point, matter
Nundha: fixed, predetermined (not in dico)
Nuqsaan [A. nuqṣSaan], m. 1. loss. 2. harm; damage
Nuqtaa, m. 1. a point; diacritical point, or dot. 2. a dot, spot. 3. a cipher, zero. 4. transf. point, location (as on a map).
Niyam m. rule, precept, law
Ni-yaamak [S], adj. & m. 1. sdj. Restraining; controlling; regulating. 2. restrictive. 3. determining, defining. 4. m. one who restrains or controls; coachman; steerman.
Nyaaraa, adj. & m. 1. adj. separate, distinct; different. 2. unusual; rare. 3. removed, distant. 4. waste (from the refining of precious metals)
Ny-aay [S], m. 1. right or fitting manner, or method. *2. justice. 3. law; entitlement, right. 4. just or proper act, or judgment. 5. adjudication, decision (in a case). 6. philos. The Nyaaya system; logic. 7. demonstration, fitting illustration (of a case)
.OOO.
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Or, f. side, direction. 2. end, limit, extreme, boundary. 3. ppn (w. kii) in the direction (of), towards.
.PPP.
Paccii, adj. & f. 1. adj. joined, sticking; flush (with sg.). 2. fixed, firm. 3. f. (-paccii) troubling, tormenting. ~ honaa, to be joined; to be stuck together (as two surfaces); to be jammed, or wedged; to be intimate (with); to be hand in glove (with); to be lost in, invisible against (a background)
pacchar maal
iPNM+eky a person who kills and also eats animals
Pachaaṛnaa, vt. 1. to throw flat on the back. 2. to dash down; to beat (clothes on a stone). 3. fig. to overpower; to overcome.
Pachtaanaa, vt. to repent; to regret.
Paad [S], m. 1. foot. 2. leg 3. a pace. 4. fig. lower or lowest part; bottom; root (of a tree); foot (of a mountain); foothill. 5. quarter; a quarter of a stanza, or of a verse; a line of verse. Paad-grahaṅ, m. touching the feet of a brahmaṇ, or a superior, in respect. p 622
Pad [S], m. 1. foot; step, pace. 2. footprint; trace; mark, sign. 3. place, abode; position; square (of chess board). 4. position, rank; status. 5. appointment, post; office. 6. gram. a word; stem. 7. pros. A quarter unit; a foot; line; couplet. 8. a verse of devotional poetry (esp. intended to be sung). 9. sg having properties of its own, an object. 9. law. topic, matter, head. P598
Padaarth [S], m. 1. meaning of a word. *2. an object. 3. a substance, material: phys. Matter. 4. a product. 5. aim, end. P598Padma m. 1. lotus 2. a military array in the form of a lotus. 3. one thousand billion
Padyă [S], m. verse, poetry
Paagal, adj. & m. 1. adj. insane, mad. 2. crazed; rabid (a dog). 3. foolish. 4. m. a madman. 5. a fool
Pahannaa [*pinahati], vt. To put on (clothes); to wear
Pahaaṛ, m. 1. mountain, hill. 2. rock. 3. fig. anything huge or overwhelming; sg. burdensome or daunting; a very difficult problem. ~ uthnaa, a weight to be lifted (from the mind). ~honaa, to be burdensome (a task etc.)
Pahcaan [cf. H. pahcaanaa], f. 1. recognition. 2. distinction, discrimination (of or between/kii); judgment. 3. distinguishing mark or feature(s); characteristic; sign, token (of sg); identity. 4. acquaintance (with/kii: as with a person, or with a topic)
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Pahcaan karna: to recognise, to identify
Pahcaannaa, (pron. pehecan) vt. 1. to recognise; to identify. 2. to perceive; to understand. 3. to distinguish, to discriminate. 4. to be acquainted; to know well
pahuunc, f. 1. arrival; acknowledgement (of arrival: of a letter, goods). 2. access (to/ke paas, tak). 3. reach, scope (of intelligence or knowledge); capacity; capability. 4. scope (of a work…).
pahuuncnaa, vi. 1. to arrive, to reach; to reach (as far as/ tak, mein, par, ko)
Paida, adj.inv. & f.. 1. adj. born. 2. produced. 3. arisen; become evident. 4. acquired; earned. 5. f. earnings, income.~ karna: to create; to produce; to occasion; to raise, to breed; to originate, to invent; to acquire.~ hona: to be born; to be created; to be produced; to be occasioned (as a dispute); to be acquired.
Paidaaiś, f. 1. birth; origin, rise. 3. profits, earnings.
Paigaam , m. 1. message. 2. news, information. 3. proposal of marriage arrangement (by the boy’s family, to the girl’s)
Pakaanaa [cf.H.paknaa]. vt. 1. to cook; to bake; to boil. 2. to ripen. 3. to fire (bricks, earthenware). 4. fig. to cause distress to (the heart). 5. colloq. To arrange, to sttle in full (a transaction ). 6. to get or to learn (sg) by heart.
Pakaṛ pakaR pkD, [cf. H. pakaṛnaa], f. 1. seizing; hold, clutch. 2. seizure, capture. 3. bout (as wrestling); set-to. 4. colloq. gain, profit; haul. 5. fig. alertness, intelligence; grasp (of a subject). 6. occasion for criticism (in a work)
Pakaṛnaa, pakaRnaa pkD,naa vt. 1. to seize, to catch; to check. 2. to capture; to arrest. 3. to come up to; to overtake. 4. to catch (a train). 5. to detect (as a sound, or a fault); to discover; to object to (faults); to carp at. 6. to acquire, to take on (a habit, or an attribute). 7. to grasp mentally. 8. to catch (fire). 9. to afflict (one/ko: a disease)
Pakhaarnaa, vt. To wash; to rinse clean.
Pakkaa [pakva-], adj. 1. cooked; boiled; baked; cooked in ghii. 2. transf. ripe, mature; experienced, knowing; astute. 3. processed; baked, fired (bricks, earthenware); refined (as sugar, oil); boiled (water); of high quality. 4. complete, finished, well-made; made of bricks or stone with mortar (a building); metalled, or sealed (a road). 5. grey or white (hair); dark (complexion). 6. fast, firm (a colour). 7. ripe (as a boil). Genuine, real; thoroughgoing, solid (work); inveterate, incorrigible; reliable (advice, or calculation); fixed, standard (amount, price, weight, quality); nett (gain, profit); classical (music). 9.
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undoubted, proved. 10. fixed, determined, definite; firm (as a resolve); of binding force. 11. finalised, revised (as accounts, work in preparation); audited.
Pakṣ [S], m. 1. side (of the body); flank. 2. transf. side, party; wing. 3. side (of an argument); case, thesis. 4. aspect (of a question). 5. direction, quarter. 6. wing (of a bird). 6. either of the halves (light and dark) of a lunar month. ~ karnaa, to take the side (of/kaa); to support, to favour…pakṣpaat, m. partiality, preference; favouritism
Pakṣii- [S] birds
Pakṣii [S], adj. & m. 1. adj. winged. 2. transf. siding (with/kaa). 3. partial, biased. 4. m. a bird. 5. supporter, adherent
Palaṭnaa, vi. & vt. To turn over; to overturn. 2. to turn back, to return; to retreat (from/se: as from an undertaking). 3. to rebound; to ricochet (as a bullet). 4. to be changed, transformed (a situation). 5. vt. To overturn, to capsize. 6. to send back, to return (as goods); to transfer (a person). 7. to change (one thing for another); to exchange, to barter (goods).
Paliit, adj. = paliid, 1. adj. polluted, impure; foul; . 2. m. a foul or base person.
Palnaa, vi 1. to be reared or brought up. 2. to thrive; to grow fat, or sturdy. 3. to become tender or soft (as ripening fruit).
Paltaa, m. 1. turning over. 2. turning back, return; retreat. 3. change, transformation. 4. return, retaliationPaltaa khaanaa: to be turned upside down; to suffer a reverse
Paav [paada-], m. 1. foot. 2. leg…p618
-pan [cf. –tva], suffix (forms m. nouns from nominal stems, eg. bacpan=childhood; siidhaapan, m. simplicity, directness).
Paanaa [praapayati], vt. 1. to get, to obtain; to receive; to accept. 2. to win, to gain; to earn. 3. to come upon, to find; to meet, to overtake. 4. to feel, to perceive, to experience; to enjoy; to suffer. 5. to find to be, to gauge as ; to fathom (sg, obscure). 6. (as dep. Auxil. Or with obl. Inf.) to manage (to); to result (in). 7. to equal (one/ko; at/mein)
Paaṇḍav [S], adj. & m. hist. mythol. 1. adj. having to do with the Paaṇḍavas. 2. m. a descendant (esp. one of the five sons) of Paaṇḍu.
Paaṇḍityă [S], m. learning, erudition. ~puurṇ, adj. erudite.
Paap [S], m. 1. sin; evil; wickedness, wrong; moral guilt. 2. transf. difficulty, suffering (seen as arising from sin)…p623 paapaacaar, m. sinful conduct, etc.
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Par [S], pref. (chiefly par-). 1. distant, removed. 2. previous, former; ancient. 3. subsequent, future; next; latter. *4. other; different; foreign. 5. belonging to another. 6. pre-eminent, supreme p601
Par, ppn. colloq. or reg. var, [pai]. 1. on, upon; over. … ~ kaa, adj. the one, the thing, on… 2. (esp. of a somewhat precise orientation in space or time) at, in; near to; by; to; on. 3. for, at a cost of.
Par [para-], conj. but; still
Parakhnaa, vt. 1. to inspect; to assay. 2. to investigate. 3. to judge, to assess (a matter).
Param-paraa, m. & adv. 1. a series, succession. *2.tradition. 3. family line
Paran-tu, conj. But; however; nevertheless, yet, still
Pare, adv. 1. beyond; further off, away. 2. on the other side. 3. beyond reach. 4. afterwards; in the hereafter…7. apart (from). ~ karmaa: to move (one) on, or away; to keep (one) away…p610
Pareśan, m. 1. disordered; dishevelled (as hair). *2. troubled, distressed; worried; embarrassed; perplexed. ~ karnaa, to cause trouble (to/ko), to distress etc.; to disarrange.
Paṛhaaii, f. 1. study. 2. teaching. 3. tuition feeParhaaii (f): study, studies
Parhnaa, vt. 1. to read; to read out (an announcement, a poem). 2. to repeat aloud (as a text being learnt); to speak. To say (a talking bird). 3. to study. 4. to utter (a prayer); to cast a spell (on/par)
Parii f, fairy
Paricay (m): introduction
Pari-dhi [S], f. 1. circumference; circle, ring. 2. enclosing wall, fence &c. 3. halo. 4. transf. sphere (of action, responsibilities); scope (of a work).
Paarijaat: one of the 5 trees said to exist in paradise
parikriyaa (method, process)
Parîkṣaa [S], f. 1. inspection, investigation, examination. 2. experiment; test, trial. *3. examination (of a student). 4. trial by ordeal
Pari-pakvă [S], adj. 1. fully cooked, or prepared; fully fired (a brick). 2. fully digested. 3. quite ripe; mature (as of skill, art); highly cultivated, or educated (a person).
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Pari-puurn [S], adj. 1. quite full, brimful; entire, complete; replete. 2. quite satisfied, fulfilled.
Pari-ṣkaar [S], m. 1. cleansing, purification. 2. finishing; adorning, embellishing= Pari-ṣkaaraN
Pari-sthiti, f. circumstance, circumstances
Paarivaarik [S], adj. having to do with family, or with a family.
Parivarjan m. 1. inhibition. 2. restraint. 3. giving up. 4. avoidance
Pari-vartan [S.], m. 1. change. 2. exchange (of goods, objects) ; conversion (of funds, currency). 3. transformation
Parivaar, m. 1. family, dependants; relatives. 2. attendants, retinue.
Parnaa, vi. 1. to fall. 2. lie; to lie idle or useless. 3. esp. w. jaanaa. To be laid, spread. 4. to fall to the lot (of/ko). 5. w. infinitives. To have to . 6. to be met with, to be found. 7. to have an abode (in/mein); to stay (in a place). 8. to halt, to camp. 9. pej. To be dependent (on/par); to sponge (on). 10. to be, to become (by unassisted process); to prove to be. 11. to occur; to take place; to come round (an event); to arise (a matter, an opportunity). 12. to fall (on/par), to befall (a calamity, a punishment); to be struck (a blow). 13. to affect (one: as a longing, a wish, a habit). 14. to intervene, to interfere (in/mein). 15. to concern (one). 16. to amount to (a sum); to stand credited or debited (to/ko or par: an amount). 17. to suit, to agree (with/ko). 18. to resemble; to be the image (of/par). 19. to be digested. 20. to follow intently (after/ke piiche): to plague (one). 21. to copulate (a male animal: with/par). paṛ rahnaa, to remain lying; to be idle; to be prostrate; to be helpless, destitute. paṛaa, adj. horizontal (plane, surface, line). paṛaa cakkar, m. parallel of latitude. (p595 for the examples)
Parvaah, f. care, concern. ~ karnaa, to care (about/kii) p604
Parvariś, f. 1. fostering, rearing (a family, &c.); nurture. 2. maintenance, support
Pasarnaa [prasarati], vi. 1. to be spread out, stretched out. 2. to stretch (oneself) out. 3. to be set (on: as the heart)
Pashuu: animal, beast
Pat, f. good name, reputation; honour.
Pataa [P. pata], m. 1. trace, track, clue. 2. information; particular mention. 3. address; whereabouts.~ calna: to become known (to/ko: a matter etc.)~ dena (ka), to give the clue, or information (to sg)…p596
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Paataal, m. mythol. 1. one of the seven subterranean regions; the underworld, hell. Fig. chasm; deep hole.
Patan [S], m. 1. falling. 2. settling, subsiding. 3. decline. 4. falling (in battle)
Patit, adj. & m. 1. adj. fallen. 2. fig. degraded; abject. 3. lapsed (from religion); sinful. 4. outcast. 5. m. a fallen person, &c.Patit – paavan, adj. purifying the sinful: a title of the supreme being.
Paatr [S], m. 1. vessel; dish; gobelet; bowl. 2. finally in comp. fit vessel: recipient; proper object (of esteem etc.). 3. character (in a literary work); actor (in a drama).
Paatrătaa [S], f. suitability, worthiness (as for a post, an honour; eligibility.
Pattaa [pattraka-], m. 1. leaf. 2. a leaf-shaped design. 3. leaf-shaped ornament worn in the ear. 4. a playing card. 5. a banknote
Pattii [pattrikaa-], f. 1. leaf; leaves; hemp leaves (used to make bhaamg). 2. petal. 3. a leaf or thin plate (of metal); blade (of knife, razor). 4. share, portion; specif. share of land.
Paudhe: plants
Paunaa, adj & m. 1. adj. less by a quarter. 2. the multiplication table of three-quarter. ~ do: one and three quarters; paune do sau: 275.
Paavan [S], adj. & m. 1. adj. purifying. 2. pure; holy. 3. m. the name of various purifying or cleansing things, esp. fire; water; cow-dung. 4. the nuts of the tree Elaeocarpus ganitrus (from which rosaries and bracelets are made). 5. fig. repentance; penance.
Per, m: tree
Peṭ: stomach
Phailnaa, vi. 1. to spread, to strech out; to be spread or extended. 2. to be spread out (objects); to be scattered, dispersed. 3. to be opened wide (mouth, eyes). 4. to increase (in size)…6. to be spread, to become current (rumour, practice…) p689
Phal [phala-], m. 1. fruit. 2. produce; crop; yield. 3. result. 4. gain; advantage; return, reward…p678
Phalan: so-and-so (?) see falaaṁ
Phalaanaa, vt. to cause to bear fruit; to make fruitful.
In the same dictionary look at the next word Q+ykuk = Q+yk¡ so look in Q+yk¡ it says such and such, any, a particular, a certain, so and so etc.
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Phalnaa [phalati]. Vi. 1. to bear fruit; to be in fruit (tree, shrub). 2. to have issue, heirs (a couple). 3. to thrive (as an activity). 4. to prove successful or advantageous (to/ko). 5. to break out in blisters, pimples (skin)
Phaasi, f. 1. noose; halter. 2. hanging, death by hanging. 3. transf. gallows (gibet). ~ carhnaa, vi. A nose to be put on the neck (of/ko); to be hanged
Phasnaa, vi. 1. to stick, to sink (in or into/me: as in mud). 2. to be struck (in: as in a crack, or a narrow place). 3. to be caught, snared; to be tricked, cheated. 4. fig. to be entangled (in difficulties); to be involved (as in a suit); to be implicated.
Phaṛaknaa, vi. 1. to pulsate; to flutter; to quiver, to twitch (as the eyelids, or the side or arm: an omen); to throb. 2. to welter (in blood: a wounded person). 3. to be agitated, or passionate. 4. to yearn (for/ko or ke lie)
Phat, m. a sudden movement, or sharp sound. Phataaphat, adv. Quickly, &c.
Phaṭnaa, vi. 1. to be torn, to be torn open; to be dispersed (as clouds). 2. to split, to crack. 3. to feel pain. 4. to feel grief, or vexation. 5. to burst (as a dam). 6. to be separated, detached. 7. to separate out: to be clarified (as butter); to turn sour (milk); to clot (blood). 8. to suffer strain: to be bloodshot (the eyes); to become hoarse, or to break (the voice)
Pheṁknaa, vt. 1. to throw; to hurl, to cast. 2. to throw down. 3. to throw out or away; to discard. 4. to launch, to fire (an arrow, a shot). 5. to launch (at/par: a hawk at game, a horse into charge (at)). 6. to cast off, to shed (a burden: on to/par). 7. to shed, to spill, to pour out. 8. to squander. 9. to flail with (the limbs); to brandish, to wield (a staff, &c). 10. fig. to disregard, to make light of.
Phel [Engl. fail], adj. 1. failed. 2. failed, out of order. 3. ineffective (measure).
Phir [cf. h. phirnaa], adv.1. anew, again. (~ se) 2. thereafter’ afterwards; next; then. 3. furthermore; but. 4. in that case~ aanaa: to come back, to return~ bhi: even so, nonetheless
Phirnaa, vi. 1. to turn, revolve; to move (shadow…). 2. to turn in a circle; to whirl 3. to go or to move about; to walk to and fro; to wander; to travel. 4. to circulate (call, information). 5. to turn away; to turn (right or left)…9. to turn over, to roll. 10. to be applied, spread on (paint)…p 683
Pichaaṛi, f. 1. rear, hind part. 2. hind legs (eg. of a horse). 3. ropes by which hind legs of a horse are tied
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Piiche [cf. H. piichaa], adv. & ppn. 1. adv. Behind, at the rear.. 2. afterwards, later; then, next. 3. back… 4. ago. 5. ppn. (usu. W. ke) behind, & c.; behind the back (of); after; out of concern for, for the sake of; as a consequence of …p632
Pichlaa, adj & m. 1. adj. back, rear. 2. last; late, past, old; previous. 3. latest, recent
Piṇḍ [S], m. 1. a lump; a ball. 2. a mouthful of food. 3. cake or ball of meal, flour or rice offered to the spirit of ancestors; oblation to ancestors offered by nearest surviving relatives. 4. lump, ingot (of metal). 5. a body; the human body.
Pironaa [parivayati], vt. 1. to string (as pearls: on, men). 2. to run a thread, or string (through/men); to thread (a needle).
Pokhraa [pauṣkara-], m. pond, pool, tank.
Poṣaṇ [S], m. 1. nurturing, bringing up. 2. encouraging (a hope, or an attitude). 3. maintenance . ~ karnaa (ka), to bring up (a child); to encourage (a view, &c); to maintain.
Pra-bandh, m. 1. connection, tie. *2. arrangement, organisation (of an activity); management (company); administration. 3. measure, step (to an end)…p661
Pra-bhaav [S.], m. 1. power, might: majesty. *2. influence (upon “par”); effect; impression.p662
Pra-bhav [S.], m. 1. production, birth. 2. origin, source
Pra-bhaavit [S], adj. influenced (by/se); impressed (by)
Praaciin: ancient
Prad suff (forms adj from nouns) giving
Pra-darśaan [S], m. showing; exhibiting. 2. a demonstration. 3. exhibition.
Pra-darśaanii [S], f. 1. an exhibition. 2. pl. fee (to an officiant at a ceremony)
Pra-darśit [S], adj. 1. shown; exhibited; pointed out, declared. 2. pl. HSS. prophesied
Pradesh: m. state, region
Pra-dhaan, adj. & m. 1. adj. chief, principal. 3. m. chief, leader, head. 4. minister, counsellor. 5. headman (of a village). 6. principal thing, prime object.
Pra-dhaanătaa [S], f. 1. pre-eminence, leading status. 2. leadership; guidance (of an enterprise).
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Pra-duuṣaN [S], m. damage, pollution (to or of the environment)
Prajvalit a. 1. set on fire, ignited, burnt. 2. shining, resplendent, radiant, sparklingPrajvalit karnaa v. t. to ignite, to cause to burnPra-jvalit [S], adj. 1. flaming, blazing. 2. bright, radiant.
Pra-kaar [S.], m. 1. kind, sort, type. 2. way, manner, methode. 3. special feature or features (of sg). 4. gram. Mood. P652.
Pra-kaaś [S.], m. & adj. 1. m. brightness, light, splendour. 2. daylight, sunshine 3. transf. display, pomp. 4. appearance, disclosure 5. vision, eyesight … p652
Pra-kaaśătaa [S], f. Pl. HSS. 1. brightness. 2. visibility. 3. transf. fame
Pra-khar [S.], adj. 1. very hot; biting; acrid, pungent. 2. very sharp; piercing (glance); cutting, barbed (remark); keen (intelligence). 3. very hard. 4. fig. huge, vast.
Pra-kharǎtaa [S.], f. fierceness, keenness, etc.
Pra-khyaat [S], adj. 1. celebrated (= vikhyaat). 2. pej. notorious.
Pra-kriti [S.], f. 1. original form or state. 2. nature, character; temperament. 3. nature, the natural world. 4. philos. A force or principle evolving the material world.
Pra-kriyaa [S], f. 1. manner, method; technique. *2. process; processing (of/kii). 3. procedure. 4. rite, observance.
Pra-kRist, p`kRYT adj. pre-eminent; chief, best. ???? (I don’t know this word; I donot have it in a dict. I know: prakaashit (brought into light); there is the word: prakaSHT which Baba uses, but I am not sure about its meaning in English This is ptobably the second one, I look in the dico what Baba says.
Pra-lay, m. hind. 1. dissolution of the world at the end of a kalpa. 2. disaster, catastrophe
Praaley, adj. poet. Mythol. Having to do with the dissolution of the world (as flood)
Prâni-, having to do with living creatures; zoo-; bio-
Prapañc. M. 1. illusory creation, this world 2. the network of worldly or mundane affairs, earthly mirage. 3. trickery. 4. delusion. 5. fabrication. 6. artifice. 7. manipulation
Prâpt, adj. 1. obtained; acquired; incurred. 2. come upon, found; arrived at (as a situation). 3. befallen (as a misfortune); endured.
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Prâpti [S.], f. 1. obtaining, acquisition; attainment (to a goal, a level); fulfilment (of a request). 2. gain, advantage; income. 3. receipt (of a letter etc.) reception (of guests). 4. transf. perception.
Prârabdh, adj. & m. 1. adj. begun. 2. caused by fate. 3. m. deeds performed in an earlier birth. *4. fate, destiny.Prârabdhi, f. 1. beginning. 2. destinyPrârabdhii, adj. of good destiny, fortunate
Pra-sann [S.], adj. 1. clear, bright; pure. *2. pleased (with/se); delighted. 3. contented; cheerful; flourishing, well. 4. propitiated (as a deity); gracious, well-disposed (to/par)Prasanncitt, *2. pleased (with/se); delighted. 3. contented; cheerful; flourishing, well.
Prasannătaa [S], f. 1. pleasure, &c. 2. contentment. 3. favour
Pra-śaṃsaa [S], f. 1. praise; commendation; eulogy. 2. fame, glory. ~ karnaa (kii), to praise, &c.
Pra-saṅg [S], m. 1. attachment; connection. 2. subject, topic; section of a book (on a partic. Topic); context. 3. occasion, motivationg cause; opportunity. 4. Pl. sexual intercourse. Pra-saṅgpraapt, adj. relevant (to a matter). P666
Pra-siddh [S], adj. 1. well-known. 2. celebrated, famous. 3. pej. notorious.
Pra-taap [S], m. 1. ardour; vigour, energy; valour. 2. brilliance; majesty, glory; prowess; possession of rank and power. 3. transf. magnanimity; generosity
Praatah, m. early morning, dawn
Prathaa [S], f. sg. which has spread, or arisen: 1. custom; institution (social, procedural). 2. particular system (as of government). Prathaagat, adj. customary; institutionalised.
Prati [S], f. & pref. & ppn. 1. f. copy (of a book, &c). 2. copy (of an original). 3. section, group (of a larger whole). 4. pref. again, back again, re-. 5. towards, against, anti-, counter- (eg. pratikuul, adj. contrary, adverse); pertaining (to). 6. each, every; per (pratidin, adv. daily). 7. similar to (eg. pratilipi, f. a copy). 8. for, in exchange, by proxy. 9. ppn. w. ke. Against. 10. towards, in regard to (of feelings, opinions)
Prati-din, adv. 1. every day. 2. always, continually.~ kaa, adj. daily, everyday.
Pratigya*: vow
Prati-yog [S], m. 1. opposition, hostility. 2. controversy. 3. association, cooperation..
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Prati-yogitaa [S], f. 1. competition, rivalry. 2. a contest, competition. 3. hostility. ~ karnaa, to compete (with/se); to be a rival (of).
Praty-aks [S.], adj & m. 1. adj. visible, perceptible; clear, evident; vivid; real, actual. 2. express, explicit. 3. direct, immediate; personal (acquaintance)…4. m. visible reality; actuality. ~karnaa: to make evident. → to reveal
Pra-vtti [S], f. 1. tendency. 2. inclination, disposition; taste (for/kii, kii or). 3. application, use; currency (of a practice). 4. hind. active life (as opposed to a life of contemplation). 5. conduct, behaviour (esp. as characterising a group). 6. applicability (of a rule).
Prâyaḥ [S], adv. 1. for the most part, generally; often. 2. approximately; nearly, almost.
Prayalop: hidden, hasn’t completely disappeared
Pra-yaas [S], m. 1. attempt, endeavour; eager pursuit (of an aim, &c). 2. effort, exertion. ~ karnaa, to make an effort, &c (to/kaa)
Prêrăṇaa [S], f. 1. urging; impetus. 2. incitement. 3. stimulus, encouragement.
Prêrit [S], adj. 1. urged, impelled; moved, motivated (to an action). 2. incited. 3. stimulated, encouraged.
Prêt [S], m. 1. the spirit of a dead person (esp. before the funeral rites are performed). 2. a ghost, evil spirit, demon. 3. pej. villain. ~ karm, m. funerary ceremonies p671
PRithvii, pRqvaI f. 1. the wide world, the earth. 2. earth, ground, soil
Priyă [S], adj. & m. 1. adj. dear, beloved. 2. agreeable, kind (a person). 3. (often –priyă) valued; liked (a person, a thing); favourite. 4. –priyă . approving of. 5. attractive. 6. dear one; husband; lover
Priiti [S], f. 1. love, affection; regard. 2. gladness; enjoyment. ~ karnaa, to show affection (for/se); to love P671
Puch, f. 1. enquiry (into/kii). 2. demand, request (for sg needed/kii). 3. attention, respect (for a person’s wishes or opinion) p 640
Puckaarnaa, vt. 1. to coax; to stroke, to pat; to fondle. 2. transf. to urge on (a horse).
Pukaarnaa: to call out (*bhakt pukaarte hain: the devotees call out)
Pukhtaa [P.pukhta], adj. inv. 1. baked, fired (as bricks). 2. firm, strong (= pakkaa); fixed, definite; confirmed (as a misgiving). 3. U. mature; wise
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Punaḥ [S], adv. & pref. again, anew; re- p 636
Punar-[S], pref. again, anew, re-Punarjanm , m. rebirth, transmigration; revival, regeneration.
Puṇyaa [S], adj. & m. 1. adj. auspicious. 2. virtuous, meritorious (an act). 3. holy, sacred (an observance, a duty, a place). 4. pleasing (as a deity to devotees). 5. m. moral or spiritual merit; virtue. 6. virtuous act. 7. welfare (of the individual); happiness. 8. good fortune.
Puraa, adv. & pref. Brbh. 1. adv. Of old, formerly. 2. pref. existing of old, former.
Puuraa [puura-1], adj. 1. full, complete; satisfied (as desires). Pure ka ~, adj quite complete, etc. 2. entire, whole; made good (as deficiency). 3. completed, accomplished (as a task); spent ( a period of time). 4. fulfilled, kept (as one’s word); fulfilling. 5. exact, precise; sufficient. ~ saamaan, m. everything needed (for a purpose) . 6. complete absolute; real (a friend etc.); unqualified, unrestricted; arrant (as a villain) p 641 for expr.
Puraan , adj. & m. 1. old; ancient; primeval. 2. a puraana (a class of voluminous work in Sanskrit dealing with aspects of ancient Indian history, legend, mythology or theology).
Purii -1 [S.]. f. 1. a town, city. 2. abode; palace. 3. fig. the body.
Purii -2 [cf. H. puuraa], f. reg. fullness; completed ness.
Puurṇ [S.], adj. & m. 1. adj. full, filled, &c. (= puuraa). 2. gram. Perfective. 3. m. a whole (as opposed to a part)
Puurti [S]. f. 1. filling. 2. accomplishment (of a purpose, an aim). *3. making good (a want); satisfying, meeting (a need, demand); supply (of a commodity). 4. solving, solution (of a problem). 5. fullness, completeness. 6. math. multiplication.
Purus [S.], m. 1. a man, human being. *2. a male. 3. a person, individual. Pl. ancestors. 5. gram. Person. (uttam ~, m. first person. 6. the supreme being or soul of the universe. 7. the primary being, source of the universe. 8. the human soul…Purushottam: adj. best of men; the supreme being, a title of Visnu or K ۪rsna.Purushaarth, m. manliness; exertion, vigour; a goal of man, esp. any one of the caar padaarthThe meaning of 'purushaarth' (effort) itself is for the sake of soul. 'Svaarth' means for the sake of one's own chariot (sva rath). Whatever task is performed, whatever we speak, whatever we think for the body-like chariot, is temporary and whatever is done for the sake of soul is permanent. (VCD 553 p 5)
Puurv, adj. & m. 1. adj. forward, foremost. 2. eastward; east, eastern; first (light). 3. prior, preceding, former. 4. initial; preliminary; pre-. 5. ancient. 6. adv. Before, previously, formerly. 7. ppn. (w. ke/se) in front (of); before, previous (to). 8. m. the east ancestors
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-puurvak [S], suffix (form adverbs of manner from nouns, e.g. aadarpuurvak, respectfully)
Putla, m. 1. a puppet; a doll. 2. an idol; effigy. 3. transf. embodiment. P636
Pyaas [pipaasaa-], f. 1. thirst. 2. desire, craving
.QQQ.
Qaabiz, adj. taking, seizing; possessing; occupying.
Qabr [A], f. grave. 2. tomb
Qadr, f. 1. merit, worth. 2. estimation; value set (upon, kii). 3. measure, extent, degree. ~ karnaa (kii), to appreciate justly, to value.
Qaanuun, m. 1. a law; regulation. 2. law (in general)Qaanuunan, adv. By law, legally.
Qarz, m. 1. a debt. 2. a loan. ~ uṭhaanaa, to take on a debt (of/kaa)
Qayaamat, f. & adj. 1. f. the resurrection; doomsday. 2. calamity. 3. fig. lamentation; commotion. 4. adj. astounding; dire p170
Qaaydaa, m. 1. regulation, rule; law. 2. custom, practice, way; habit. 3. regularity; uniformity. 4. precept, principle. 5. manners, etiquette. 6. a primer, reader. 7. gram. a rule. ~ se, in accordance with rule, or custom, &c; properly. Qaayade-qaanuun, m. pl. rules and regulations. (contrary beqaayda)
Qaaym [A qaa’im], adj, standing: 1. fixed, established; set up. 2. lasting; remaining in force. 3. stable. 4. steadfast (in respect of/par). ~ karnaa, to set up, to establish; to make permanent; to uphold, to support; to appoint (to/par). ~ rakhnaa = ~karnaa, 1, 3; to keep up, to preserve. P 191
Qilaa, m. a fort; a castle.
Qiimat [A. qiima: P. qiimat]. F. 1. price. 2. value, worth. 3. cost
Qismat , f. division: fate, destiny; lot
Qurbaan, m. 1. f. a sacrifice; an offering. 2. devotion. P206
.RRR.
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Racnaa, vi. & vt. 1. vi. To be created, made or formed. 2. to be composed (as a book). 3. to be set afoot, initiated (as acts, or a scheme). 4. vt. [= H. 1 racaanaa] to create, to make, to form. 5. to compose (as a book). 6. to initiate (an action or a scheme); to prepare; to plan. 7. to celebrate (as a marriage). 8. reg. to arrange in order; to string together.
Racăna [S], f. 1. creating, forming. 2. sg created or formed; a creation; a literary or artistic work. 3. establishment, arrangement. 4. structure (as part of a literary work)
Racayitaa [S], m. inv. 1. creator, maker. 2. composer, author (of a work).
Rafaa, m. inv. Removing, ending (a difficulty, a need; or a quarrel etc). ~ karnaa, to remove, to end; to settle (a dispute). Rafaa-dafaa, m. = ~
Raftaar, f. 1. going, motion; gait. *2. pace, speed. 3. manner of proceeding, behaviour.
Rag, f. 1. a blood vessel: artery; vein. 2. sinew, tendon; fibre (of the body). 3. vein (in a leaf). 4. fig. inner nature, character. 5. fig. obstinacy
Raah, f. 1. road, way. 2. transf. journey, progress. 3. means of access, or of exit. 4. manner, method; custom. ~ par laanaa, to guide on the (right) road; to cause (one) to reform… p 864
Rahasya: secret
Rahm, m. pity, compassion; tenderness
Raahu [S], m. mythol. name of a demon supposed (with Ketu) to seize the sun and moon in his mouth and so to cause eclipses. Raahu-graas, m. eclipse.
Raaii [raajikaa-], f. 1. a mustard seed. 2. transf. a tiny particle, grain. 3. a type of mustard having small seeds.Raaii ko parvat ginnaa/karnaa: to make a mountain out of a molehill
Raj [ad. Rajas, neut.], f. & m. 1. f. dust. 2. pollen. 3. m. menstrual discharge. 4. = rajas. – raj-kaN, m. speck of dust; grain of pollen. Rajavatii, adj. f. menstruating.
Raaj [ad. Raajan-], m. 1. king, prince; lord, master, ruler. 2. sg. royal; anything the best or chief of its kind. 3. a mason, builder (= raajgiir)
Raaj [rajya-], m. 1. royalty, kingly state. 2. kingdom, realm, state; empire. 3. rule, sway; government. P860 raaj-niiti, f. royal policy or polity: politics
Raajdhaanii: f. capital, metropolis.
Raajnetaa m. statesman
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Rajiiya, adj. monarchicalRaajik, adj. diplomatic
Raakaa [S.], f. 1. the day of full moon; full moon. ---->raakesh, m. lord of Raakaa: full moon; a title of Shiva
Rakhnaa: vt. 1. to put, to place; to leave (in the keeping of/ke paas); to pledge, to pawn (an article); to deposit (money). 2. to submit, to depose (as proof, an argument, a charge: to/ke samne). 3. to keep (in a place); to keep (as a trademan his stock); to keep (animals); to collect (partic. articles). 4. to keep ( in a partic. state). 5. to keep (a concubine). 6. to keep or to hold back (as facts, information; or money, goods); to put aside (money). 7. to protect; to preserve; to care for; to put up (guests). 8. to possess, to have (in one’s possession); to have (as of right); to feel, to harbour (emotions). 9. esp. w. denaa. to engage, to appoint. 10. w. denaa. to assign (to a sphere of duties). 11. to apply (a reference: to/par). 12. to ascribe, to impute (a fault, &c.: to/par)…p850
Ramaṇ [S], adj. & m. 1. adj. delighting. *2. m. a lover; husband. 3. delight, dalliance. 4. sexual intercourse.
Ramăṇiik [S], adj. = ramaṇiiya
Ramaṇiiya [S], adj. lovely, charming
Ramaṇiiyătaa [S], f. 1. loveliness, charm (of a young woman). 2. charm (of nature)
Ramnaa, vi. 1. to wander happily, to roam; to stroll; to go (one’s way). 2. to take pleasure or delight (in); to be attracted (to), or engrossed (in). man ~, to take delight (in); to be distracted (the thoughts).
Rang manc: the scene (theatre)
Raṅgii [S], adj. & m. 1. adj. impassioned. 2. devoted (to). 3. m. pl. HSS. An actor. 4. pl. HSS. a dyer
Raas [S], m. 1. noise, din. 2. a dance of cowherd. 3. specif. the round-dance or Krishna with the herdgirls of Braj. 4. a Krishna festival including enactment of the round-dance, celebrated in the month Kaartik. 5. a type of popular drama dealing with exploits of Krishnaa. Raas-triiṛaa, f. /raas-liilaa, f. Krishna’s dalliance and dance with the herdgirls of Braj.
Raaśi, f. 1. heap, mass. 2. sum, total. 3. fund (of money). 4. a sign of the zodiac.
Raṭ [cf. H. raṭnaa], f. 1. repeating, repetition; rote-learning. 2. a worn-out slogan, or a familiar claim. ~ algaanaa, colloq. To repeat the same old things.
Raṭant [cf. H. raṭnaa], f. continued repeating, rote-learning; parrotting (sg).
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Raatri [S], f. night
Rath [S], m. 1. chariot. 2. vehicle (as of the gods)
Rathii [S], m. 1. charioteer. 2. warrior who fights from a chariot.
Ratn [S.], 1. jewel, precious stone; treasure. 2. sg. Precious or excellent.
Raurav, adj. & m. 1. adj. fearsome, terrible. 2. m. mythol. A hell; transf. hellishness.
Rasnaa [rasati 2, and H. ras], vi. 1. [H. 1 risnaa] to drip. 2. Brbh, to feel delight, or ecstasy (see ras).
Raay [P. raa’ii], f. 1. opinion, judgment. 2. advice. 3. an individual vote (in an election)
Raaz [P.], m. a secret; a mystery
Riśtaa, m. string, line: 1. connection, relationship (with/se). 2. relationship (of blood or marriage) p865Riśtedaar/ii, m/f. a relative
Riśvat [S], f. a bribe p865
Riiti [S], f. going, course: 1. manner, way: fashion, style. is ~ se, adv. in this manner; accordingly. 2. mannerism (the attitudes and style dominant in Hindi verse on poetics in the 16th – 19th centuries). 3. usage, custom; rite. 4. rule, regulation. ~ se, adv. according to custom
Rivaaj, m. being in demand: 1. currency, usual occurrence. 2. custom, practice [Advance learner’s] usage, vogue, fashion, convention
Rog, m. 1. illness; disease; an illness. 2. fig. an evil, worry, plague. 3. a bad habit.Rogii, adj. & m. 1. adj. ill; ailing, unwell; diseased (plant, seed). 2. an invalid; patient.
Romaanc, m. curl or thrill of the body hairs. Thrill (of ecstasy or of horror). P 873
Rośni, f. 1. light; brightness; illumination (as of a building). 2. brighteness (of the eye); clearness of sight. 3. a light, lamp; electric light bulb. 4. enlightment
Roz, m & adj. 1. m. a day; a day of 24 hours. 2. adv. daily. ~ kaa, adj. daily (work, bread); everyday, ordinary (as an event)
Ruuii, f. 1. cotton (carded or cleaned). 2. cotton-wool
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Ruknaa [cf. H. roknaa], vi. 1. to stop, to halt; to come to an end (as rain, flood). 2. to be hindered, stopped or prohibited (an event)
Rudră [S], adj. & m. 1. adj. fearsome. 2. m. mythol. A title of a Vedic storm-god. 3. a title of Shiva. Rudră bhuumi, f. Shiva’s ground: a cremation site. Rudraksh, m. Rudra-eyed: the tree Elaeocarpus ganitrus, and its berries (used for rosaries)
Ruuhaanii, adj. 1. having a soul or spirit. 2. spiritual
Ruup [S], m. 1. form, shape; appearance; aspect. 2. face, features. 3. beauty, handsomeness. 4. manner, mode. 5. character, nature; species; type. 6. gram. A form. 7. esp ~ ruup, adj. formant. Having the form of; consisting of…ruup-rekhaa, f. sketch, outline (of a topic) p868
.SSS.
Sa- [S], prefix. 1. together with, along with. 2. having, possessing. 3. equal, same. P971
Sabaq, m, lesson p 983
Sabhaa [S.], f. 1. assembly, meeting, gathering. 2. a society, association. 3. a deliberative body: council house, assembly (of parliament). 4. place of assembly etc.: council, hall; levee. 5. fig. deliberation
Sabhii/sab hii, adj. & pron. every single (one), absolutely all.
Sabhiit, adj. fearful, afraid; timid.
Saabit, adj. 1. established, confirmed; proved. 2. sound, valid. ~ karnaa, to establish, etc.; to prove; to substantiate.
Sabuut (m): proof
Saccaaii [cf. H. saccaa], f. 1. truth; the truth. 2. authenticity. 3. truthfulness. 4. honesty, sincerity (as of intentions). 5. faithfulness (to an original).
Sadaiv (= sadaa): ever
Saadhan [S], m. 1. the act of accomplishing, or achieving. 2. an accomplishment, achievement. 3. means; expedient
Saadhaaran: ordinary
Śaadii [P. Śaadii ], f. delight, glad occasion: marriage; a wedding. ~ karnaa, to have (a person) married (to/se), to arrange a marriage. ~ honaa, (one’s) marriage to take place (to/se)
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Sa-dr ̥ś [S], adj. 1. like, similar. 2. fit, proper, suitable; worthy. 3. ppn. W. [ke]. Similar (to); after the manner (of)
Saaf, adj. 1. clear, fair (as sky); bright (light). 2. clean. 3. unadulterated. 4. unobstructed (way). 5. clear (voice). 6. sincere, open (of manner); simple, innocent; clean (game). 7. plain, clear (any matter); lucid (language, ideas); express, flat (a refusal); peremptory. 8. correct, true (a statement, account); exact (a calculation); fair (a likeness). 9. legible. 10. blank (paper). 11. flat, level. 12. practiced (hand). 13. adv. Clearly. 14. completely. 15. safely, unharmed; lightly
Sagiir: clever?
Sah- [S.], pref. 1. with, along with, together with. 2. united; common; co-
Saha-j, adj. & m. born together: 1. innate; natural, instinctive. 2. unforced, unaffected (manner). 3. easy, simple (as a task). 4. m. a full brother. 5. natural state or disposition. 6. E.H. the unqualified absolute (as perceivable intituitively in the heart); Brbh. the supreme being p997
Sahaaraa [sahakaara-¹], 1. support. 2. dependence, reliance. 3. encouragement. 4. assistance, aid.
Saahas [S], m. 1. boldness, courage; spirit, vigour. 2. resoluteness
Sahâyak [S], adj. & m. going with: 1. adj. assisting, assistant. 2. auxiliary (force, service); gram. auxiliary (verb); secondary (industry); supplementary (list, table; benefits). 3. tributary (a river). 4. m. an assistant; companion.
Sahii, adj. & f. 1. adj. sound, right, correct; real, actual. 2. arith. Whole. 3. adv. (it is) quite right, or correct; really; exactly. 4. very well, all right. 5. f. colloq. Confirmation, corroboration; signature
Sahit, ppn. With or without “ke”. 1. accompanied (by); attended by. 2. along (with), together (with)
Sah-yog [S], m. cooperation; collaboration.
Saikṛaa, m. & adv. 1. m. an amount of a hundred. 2. the hundreds’ position (in a series). 3. adv. Per cent.
Śaitaanii, adj. & f. 1. adj. devilish, fiendish. 2. f. wicked or fiendish behaviour; naughtiness
Śaiyaa in “kanton kii śaiyaa”: bed of thorn
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Sazaa, f. worthy, deserving: 1.punishment. 2. retribution
Saakaar, adj. having form or shape; real, visible (not imaginary). 2. incarnate
Sakhaa [S], m. inv. Friend, companion
Sâks, adj. having eyes.Sâksaat, adv. & adj. & m. before the eyes: 1. adv. In the sight or presence (of). 2. visibly, manifestly. 3. adj. visible, evident, veritable; incarnate. 4. m. a (face-to-face) meeting. Sâksaatkaar, m. a meeting, interview
Sâksi, adj. & m. 1. adj. observing, witnessing. 2. testifying. 3. m. an eye-witness. 4. witness (in law). 5. a spectator.
Śakti [S], f. 1. power, strength (physical, or otherwise); energy; transf. electric power. 2. ability, capacity. 3. phys. A force. 4. pol. A power, nation. 5. the energy of a deity personified as his wife (as Durgaa or gaurii of Śiva, Lakshmi of Vishnu). 6. the female genitalia (as counterpart of the phallic representation of Śiva; worshipped by shaktas)
Salaah, f. 1. advice. 2. consultation
Saaligraam or śaal-graam, m. hind. Śaalagraam stone: a kind of stone containing one or more ammonites which is supposed to be pervaded by the substance of Vishnu, and is sacred to VaishnavasAlso supposed to be a grain of rice with the husk. Baba use the image to represent the soul.
Saltanat, f. 1. sovereign power, dominion, rule. 2. a sultanate, kingdom.
Śamaa, m. 1. a wax candle. 2. fig. a lamp (= battii)
Sam-aa-caar [S], m. proceeding, practice or behaviour; state, condition: 1. an occurrence. *2 (often pl.) news, information.
Sam-aa-dhaan [S], m. putting together: 1. solution (of a problem); resolving, resolution (of a doubtful matter); decision, determination. 2. the act of satisfying, propitiating. 3. deep meditation, contemplation. Sam-aa-dhaankaarak, adj. decisive (step, argument); definite (an answer).
Saamaagrii [S], f. collected materials, stock, implements etc.
Samajh (f): understandingSamajhnaa: to understand, to perceive, to think, to consider p984Samjhaanaa: to explain Samjhaanaa parta hai: have to be explained
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Samaalnaa, vt. pronounc var. = sambhaalnaa
Samaan [S]. adj. & ppn. 1. like, similar; equal. 2. even, level. 3. common, general. 4. ppn. w. [ke] similar (to), equal (to); just as
Samaanaa [saṁmaati], vi &vt. 1. vi. to be contained or held (in/mein); to fit (into). 2. to take up the available room or space (in); to fill; to pervade. 3. fig. to sink (into: as into the earth, in shame). 4. vt. To place or to pour (objects or liquid into a container: ke andar, or mein)
Samaar, m. reg. (Bihar) 1. a second ploughing. 2. cross-ploughing (of a field: as opposed to ploughing by circuits). 3. covering seed sown in a furrow by ploughing a second furrow beside it.
Samaaroh: ceremony (opening)
Sam-arpan, m. 1. entrusting. 2. handing over, &c (see samarpit); dedicating, dedication. 3. law. Assignement, transfer. For Baba: surrender.
Sam-arpit [S], adj. 1. entrusted, committed (to/ko). 2. handed over, presented; surrendered; dedicated (to). 3. law. Made over, assigned (to). 4. consigned, dispatched. ~ karnaa, to entrust, &c.
Sam-arth [S.],adj. 1. capable, competent. 2. suitable (for a purpose). 3. powerful.
Sam-arthak [S.], adj. & m. 1. adj. lending strength, supporting; favouring. 2. supporter; seconder.
Sam-arthan [S.], m. 1. support (in [mein]: as in an effort, an endeavour). 2. confirmation.
Sam-arthǎniiyǎ [S.], adj. deserving support.
Sam-asyaa [S], f. junction, union: 1. the latter half of a verse (provision of a first part for which forms a test of poetic skill). *2. a problem
Sam-aaveś [S], entering, penetration: 1. inclusion, incorporation. 2. pl. HSS. Possession (by evil spirits). ~ karnaa (ka), to include, to incorporate (in/mein)
Sam-ay [S.], m. 1. time. 2. proper time; opportunity; due time, term. 3. period, season; age; times (in general). 4. date, dates (as of a writer’s birth and death). 5. leisure. 6. obs. Chapter, canto (of a narrative poem). ~ par, adv. on time, punctually. ~ ~, adv. from time to time. ~ ~ par, adv. id.; at certain times; according to the times. P 985
Sam-bandh, m. 1. connection; relationship (with/se). 2. relationship (of blood or marriage). 3. a connection (mail, air, telephone). 4. gram. Possessive case
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Sam-bandhit [S], adj. 1. connected. 2. concerned (with), involved (in). ~ karnaa, to connect (with/se or ke saath)
Sambhalnaa = sambhaalnaa, vt. 1. to support; to sustain (as expenditure, or an attack); to hold up. 2. to adjust (clothing). 3. to hold, not to let go. 4. to take care of, to look after. 5. to maintain (as family, relatives). 6. to assist (one). 7. to see to, to settle (a matter). 8. to superintend. 9. to regulate (as expenses, revenues). 10. to curb (the feelings, the tongue). 11. to correct (a child); to punish.
Sam-bhav, m. & adj. 1. m. birth, origin. *2. adj. possible; probable
Sameṭ, f. gathering together, rolling up.
Sameṭnaa, vt. 1. to gather up or together; to scrape together. 2. to roll up or together; to wrap up. 3. to finish, to dispose of; to wind up (a business).
Saṁhaar, drawing together: 1. total destruction, or ruin. 2. killing; slaughter, carnage. 3. mythol. Final destruction of the world. Other pron: /senhar/, /saṅghar/
Śaamil, adj. 1. included (in/men). 2. involved (in), participating. ~ karnaa, to include, to incorporate (in); to attach (as papers to a file); to include (one in a group); to involve (in an activity).
Samiipǎtaa [S], f. nearness, proximity ( = saamiipya)
Śaamiyaanaa, m. 1. a large tent. marquee; pavilion. 2. canopy, awning
Samjhaanaa, vt. 1. to cause to understand, to explain (to/ko). 2. to give (one) to know, to impress on the mind (of); to convince. 3. to advise; to console. 4. to admonish. 5. to correct; to punish
Sam-maan [S], m. 1. honour, esteem; veneration, homage. 2. an honour; a decoration. ~ karnaa, to honour, to show esteem, &c (for/kaa)
Saṃ-ny-aas [S], m. 1. laying down, abandonment; specif. renunciation of the world, becoming an ascetic. 2. the fourth stage (aaśram) of life, life of a wandering ascetic. 3. HSS. Complete exhaustion; coma. ~ grahaṇa karnaa
Sam-pann [S], adj. 1. prosperous, thriving; rich. 2. accomplished, effected, completed. 3. esp. –sampann. Abundantly endowed (with), possessed (of: as of wealth, learning). ~ karnaa, to bring to a successful conclusion; to endow abundantly (with)
Sam-park , m. mixing together: 1. contact; liaison. 2. relationship, connection
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Sam-patti [S], f. 1. wealth, riches; property, possessions; resources. 2. success, prosperity. 3. completion, accomplishment.
Sam-pra-daay [S], m. 1. an established doctrine, persuasion or system of teaching. *2. a religious sect; school (of thought). 3. a religious community
Sam-puurn, adj. & m. 1. adj. complete; unlimited. 2. entire, whole, all. 3. full (the moon). 4. completed (as a task, an activity). 5. mus. Any scale or melody in which all the notes of the partic. Raag or raaginii are used.
Sam-raat [S.], m. emperor
Sam-ṛddh, adj. 1. prosperous, thriving. 2. wealthy. 3. enriched (as a language, a literature)Sam-ṛddh i, f. prosperity
Saṃ-saar [saṃ-saara-], m. 1. cycle of births or states, transmigration. 2. transf. the world; the universe. 3. life in this world; worldly concerns; illusion as to worldly reality
Saṃ-sarg [S], m. mixture, union: 1. contact, touch. 2. m. association, dealings. 3. cohabitation
Saṃ-śay [S.]; m. 1. uncertainty, doubt; hesitation; mistrust. 2. apprehension (of) 3. anxiety; fear
Saṃ-sthaa [S], f. 1. an institutional body; institute (of learning, &c). 2. an organisation; an association, society
Sam-uc-cay, m. 1. assemblage, aggregate, mass. 2. collection; anthology. 3. gram. An assemblage of words or sentences.
Samudra : m. sea, ocean
Sam-uuh [S], m. 1. a collection, aggregate. 2. multitude, mass (of people). 3. flock, herd (of animals, birds)
Saṃ-śay [S], m. 1. uncertainty, doubt; hesitation; mistrust. 2. apprehension (of). 3. anxiety; fear
Saṃ-sthaan [S], m. = Saṃ-sthaa, 1. : an institutional body; institute (of learning etc.)
Lk¡koyk [sāṁvlā]: dark complexioned 2. Title of a lover or a husband; specif. of Krishna Pg. 1001
Saṃ- yukt [S], adj. 1. connected together; joined, compound (as a verb, a noun); conjunct (as a consonant graphs). 2. joined, united; join (a family; an activity)
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San [A. sana], m. f. 1. year (of a calendar). 2. era. ~ 1974 mein, adv. In the year 1974. is ~ mein, adv. In this year. Iisvii ~ mein, adv. In the Christian era.
Sanan karnaa: to bathe
Sanaatan, adj. existing from of old, immemorial; continuing, eternal
Sañ-caalan [S], m. managing, directing; disposing (as of funds).
Sang, m. & adv. 1. m. coming together, joining, meeting. 2. association, connection; company, society (of a person or group); attachment, intimacy. 3. a group; a sectarian body. 5. adv. Together (with/ke), along (with).~ karna: to associate (with/ka)… p 962
Sań-gathan [cf. H. gathnaa], m. 1. organised state or condition. 2. an organisation.
Sań-gathit [cf. H. gatnaa], adj. organised; integrated.
Saṅ-gh [S], m. group: 1. society, association, body; party; federation, union. 2. sect, persuasion; community (of Buddhist or Jain monks)
Saṅghaar = saṁhaar
Saṅ-gharsh, m. 1. rubbing; friction; grinding. *2. clash, conflict; hostility; struggle
Saṅ-ghaṭ, m. meeting, joining together, union ( = saṅ-ghaṭan ). 2. multitude, mass
Saṅ-ghaṭan [S], m. 1. = Saṅ-ghaṭ¹. 2. structure, composition
Saṅgii [saṅgin-], m. & adj. one who is attached, or devoted (to): 1. m. an associate, friend. 2. an accomplice. 3. a desirous, or a lascivious person. 4. adj. devoted (to), fond (of). 5. [ ? gacchati] accompanying; allied (to), connected (with).Saṅgii-saathii, m. pl. friends, companions
Saṅginii f, 1. female companion. 2. life companion, wife (jiivan saṅginii )
Saanii, adj. & m. second: a match, an equal.
Saṅ-kalp- [ad. saṁkalpate, saṁkalpa-], vt. 19c. to vow (= saṅ-kalp karnaa); to make a grant, or to give alms in fulfilment of a vow; to bequeath.
Saṅ-kar [S], m. & adj. 1. m. mixing; specif. crossing (breeds). 2. a mixed caste or race. 3. a half-breed; one born of parents of different caste; a hybrid. 4. adj. cross-breed; hybrid.
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Saṅ-koc [S], m. contracting, contraction: 1. embarrassment, blahfulness; diffidence; shyness. 2. fear
Saṅ-khyaa, f. 1. reckoning, counting. 2. a number. 3. a figure; amount. 4. gram. Number. 5. number (of an issue)Saaṅ-khyă [S], m. having to do with number or calculation: name of an Indian philosophical system.
San-ni-dh [ad. saṁnidha-], m. proximity, vicinity.
Saannidhyaa, m. 1. vicinity, proximity. 2. presence, attendance. 3. philos. Beatific state in which the soul attends on God.
San-taan [S.], f.; m.f 1. offspring, children; descendants. 2. m. f. a son or daughter
San- tuṣṭ [S], adj. 1. satisfied (with/se); pleased. 2. contented (with); not opposed, in agreement. 3. resigned (to); consoled. ~ karnaa (ko), to satisfy; to get the agreement (of); to console.
Sanyaasii = sam-ny-aasii [S], m. one who has renounced the world, an ascetic.
Sa-phal [S.], adj. 1. fruitful; profitable. 2. successful. 3. fulfilled (in this life)
Sa-phalǎtaa [S.], f. 1. fruitfulness. Successfulness, success.
Saptâh [S], m. seven days: a week
Sapuut, adj. & m. 1. adj. good, dutiful (a son). 2. a mother who has a good son.
Saar [saara-²], m. f. 1. m. essence, substance, best or essential part; heart; core, marrow. 2. sap. 3. gist, sense; content. 4. essential worth or value…p 1008
Sar [P], m. syn. Sir. p 989
Saaraa: whole, entire, whole
Śaraab, f. wine, alcohol. Śaraab-kabaab, m. alcohol and meat. ~ii, m. one who drinks alcohol and eats meat
Saraah, f. reg. praise
Saraahnaa, vt. & f. 1. vt. to praise; to approve, to approve, to admire. 2. f. praise, admiration
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Saral [S], adj. 1. straight, direct. *2. simple, straightforward (of character); honest. 3. unaffected, unfeigned. 4. not difficult, simple; easy
Śaraṇ[S], f. m. 1. protection. 2. shelter, refuge
Saarăthii [S], m. 1. charioteer. 2. leader of a caravan or convoy of vehicles. 3. name of a partic. Hindu community.
Sardii, f. 1. cold; coolness. 2. esp. pl. the cold season, winter. 3. a cold.
Saarhe, adj. pl. (preceding numbers from three to ninety-nine) plus a half. ~ tiin: 3 ½
Śaariir [S], adj. having to do with the body. ~ vijñaan, m. anatomy
Śariirnirvaah: livelihood of the body (see nir-vaah)
Sarjiivan [conn. Saṁjiivana-], adj. 1. imperishable, immortal, immortal; evergreen. 2. life-prolonging, life-giving.
Sarkar [P. sar-kaar], m. 1. m. master, lord (as term of address) sir, your Honour. *2. f. government, ruling authority; court (of a king).Sarkaarii [P], adj. 1. of or pertaining to the government, or to the state; governmental; official. 2. pertaining to any public authority
Sarnaa [sarati], vi. 1. to move ahead, to proceed; to go ahead smoothly (a task, &c.); to be accomplished. 2. to be passed, or lived (time, life); to be finished.
Saṛnaa [śaṭati¹, Pk. Saḍaï], vi. 1. to decay, to rot; to go bad. 2. to be poisoned, septic (as a finger). 3. to ferment.
Saro- [S], lake, pool; tank: (p992)Sarovar, m. large or fine lake, &c.
Sarpini: female serpent
Sarsat ki vaani: vaani of 67
Sarv- [S], adj. 1. all. 2. whole; entire; total. 3. universal, general; omni-, pan-. 4. adv. most of all, extremely p993…sarvottam, adj. best of all
Sarvopari: adv. & adj. above all; placed above all, chief, paramount.
Śaasan, m. instructing; command: 1. governing, ruling. 2. rule (of a government, a king); command (of a leader). 3. control (as over emotions); discipline. 4. a government. 5. a command, edict. 6. deed, grant (as a land of privileges).
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Sa-śakt [S], adj. powerful, endowed with strength.
Śaastrǎ [S.], m. 1. a work or book dealing with religion, or with any branch of knowledge, which is regarded as of age-old or divine authority; treatise; a scripture p949
Satsang, m. association with the virtuous or the good; good people or company; a congregation to gather and worship bhajans.
Sattaa [S], f. 1. existence, being. 2. power, authority (political or administrative). 3. sovereignty. 4. pol. a power, a state p977
Saathi, m. 1. companion; associate; ally; accomplice. 2. attendant, follower.
Satyă [S], adj. & m. 1. adj. true. 2. real, genuine; sincere, faithful (a friend). 3. pure, virtuous, good. 4. fulfilled, realised (as hopes). 5. m. truth. 6. reality; ultimate reality. 7. goodness, virtue; sincerity. 8. a true fact or conclusion. 9. a statement under oath. 10. mythol. Name of the first of the four ages (yuga) consistuting a recurrent cycle of time (mahaayuga); the golden age.
Satyaa-, truth, reality (=satyă): satyaanaash, m. total destruction, ruin (of character, or prosperity, or hopes)
Saugaat, f. a present given on returning from a journey, a special gift.Saugaatii, adj. 1. suitable as a present. 2. given as a present.
Sauṃp [cf. H. sauṃpnaa], f. charge, keeping; custody
Sauṃpnaa [samarpayati], vt. 1. to hand over, to entrust. 2. to deposit (with/ko). 3. to hand over (as to police). 4. to hand over, to give up (sg).
Saukhyǎ, m. state of happiness, or comfort
Savaal, m. 1. asking, questioning. 2. a question. 3. a problem. 4. interrogation. 5. request, entreaty; complaint (to a court)
Saavădhaanii [S], f. 1. attention. 2. care, caution; prudence. ~ se, adv. attentively; carefully, &c.Saavdhaan! Attention!
Savaarii, f. 1. riding; horsemanship. 2. a vehicle, conveyance. 3. cavalcade, train (of animals or vehicles). 4. a passenger. 5. fare (for a journey). ~ denaa (ko), to give (one) a ride, or a horse, &c.
Saveraa [*savela-], m. early morning; morning
Sazaa, f. worthy, deserving: 1. punishment. 2. retribution p 974
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Se, ppn. 1. by means of: by; with. 2. because of: of, from, for. 3. (in expressions of manner formed on nouns) with; by, in; -ly. Aasaanii se, easily. 4. (denoting literal or fig. connection) to, with. 5. (in comparisons). Aap un se baṛe hain, you are bigger than he. 6. in respect of. 7. (denoting separation) from, away from. 8. (referring to passage of past time) since, for p1038
Sehat, f. health
Sevaa [S], f. 1. service (p1039)
Sevay, f. seva-paraayan, adj. devoted to or conscious in (one’s) work
Sharm, f: shame
Siddh [S], adj & m. 1. adj. accomplished, brought about; realised (an objective, a wish); completed; perfected. 2. obtained, acquired. 3. demonstrated, proved (a fact, a case); substantiated. 4. sound, valid (as usage); mature (as judgement). 5. decided, adjudicated (as a law-suit). 6. accepted (as), famous (as). 7. cooked (food); prepared, concocted (as a dye). 8. thoroughly versed (in a field of knowledge; or in magic). 9. endowed with supernatural powers; perfected or sanctified (as by penance). 10. sacred, holy. 11. m. a semi-divine being of great perfection, said to possess eight supernatural faculties or siddhis. 12. an ascetic of great powers and saintliness. 13. a magician who has acquired superhuman powers. ~karnaa, to accomplish &c; to demonstrate, to prove; to win to (one’s) side (esp. by guile); to suborn; to bring under subjection by magic; to settle (a debt)…p 1014
Śikaayat, f. 1. a complaint; request for improvement or redress. 2. a reproach. 3. an ailment, complaint
Śikshaa: education
Sikhaaii, f. instruction; advice.
Sikhaanaa [cf. H. siikhnaa], vt. 1. to teach; to instruct. 2. to advise, prompt, to suggest (to/ko). 3. to teach (one) a lesson, to correct (one)
Silaaii [cf. H. silaanaa], f. 1. sewing; needlework. 2. a seam. 3. price paid for sewing. ~ kii mashiin, f. sewing machine.
Siimit [S], adj. limited, restricted.
Sipaahii, f. 1. soldier; specif. an Indian soldier; hist. sepoy…p1014
Sirf, adv. only, merely (often used in conjunction with and supplementing hii).
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Siirhii (f): ladder
Śiro [S]. the headŚiromaṇi, m. a jewel worn on the head, or in a head-ornament; one who is supreme, a parangon
Śisyǎ [S.], m. 1. a pupil. 2. a disciple ( = shelaa)
Śiital [S], adj. 1. cool; refreshing. 2. cold
Smaraṇ [S], m. 1. remembering, recollecting; memory. 2. calling to mind, or meditating upon, the supreme being. 3. counting (one’s) beads. 4. mentioning, adverting (to). ~ aanaa (ko), to come to mind p 1048
Sm ۪rti, f. 1. recollection, memory; a memory. 2. the body of sacred and profane brahmanical tradition as “remembered” by men (as distinct from the “revealed” knowledge of the Vedas)
Sivaa, ppn., often inverted. Except (for/ke), apart (from)
So [sa], pron. & adv. 1. pron. chiefly obs. Or reg. = vah. Jo ho, ~ ho, what is to be must be. 2. adv. Thus, therefore, hence. 3. conj. Then, next. 4. (introducing a remark) now, well.
Śobhnaa [ad. Śobhaayate: w. H. Śobhaa], vi. 1. to be becoming (to); to grace. 2. to befit, to beseem (one)
Sojhaa: straight, direct. 2. straightforward (in nature). 3. reg. right, true, accurate
Śok [S.], m. 1. sorrow. 2. regret; condolence. 3. mourningSonaa, m: gold
Spaṣṭ [S], adj. 1. clear; distinct. 2. intelligible (as language, wording, thought) p1047Spaṣṭikaraṇ m. clarification, explanation.
Śraaddh [S], m. hind. A ceremony in honour and for the benefit of deceased relatives, observed at fixed periods and on occasions of rejoicing as well as of mourning (libations and offerings of pandas are made to the spirits of the deceased and of food and gifts to braahmaṇ officiants and to relatives)
Śraddhaa [S], f. 1. faith, reverential belief (in a deity); implicit confidence. 2. reverence, veneration
Śreṣṭh [S], adj. 1. best; most excellent, choice. 2. most eminent, high. 3. respected, honoured. 4. senior (in age)
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S ۪rsti, f. 1. creating. 2. creation, production; invention. 3. the creation, the world; nature
Sthaan [S], m. 1. place. 2. particular place: locality, situation; site; house, place. 3. position, post, appointment, place. 4. station, position, rank.
Sthaapan, m. the act of establishing, etc.
Sthaapǎnaa, f. 1. erection. *2. establishment, etc. 3. establishing (of a fact, a case). 4. presentation (of a drama). ~ karnaa, to establish etc.
Sthaapnaa [ad. Sthaapayati: w. H. 2 thaapnaa]. Vt. To place, to set up, to erect; to establish.
Sthaayii [S], adj. 1. continuing, permanent (as a post, or any situation); standing (committee). 2. lasting, enduring (as a culture, &c). 3. constant, regular (in attendance). 4. firm, secure, well-based, stable. 5. rhet. Permanent, inherent (a quality).
Sthir [S], adj. 1. fixed, firm; unmoving; stable; at rest (water). 2. immovable. 3. lasting, enduring (fame etc.). 4. unchanging, constant; steadfast. 5. decided, determined (a matter). 6. calm, equable (temperament). (*Yuddhistir: Yudh me sthir rehnevala: the one who stays stable in war). ~ karnaa: to stabilize
Sthit [S], adj. 1. (also –sthit) situated (in, at/mein, par). 2. placed, fixed. 3. resting, remaining. 4. immovable; fig. insistent (on/par)
Sthiti [S.], f. 1. state, situation(as of affairs); circumstances. 2. state, condition (of a partic. thing or person). 3. position. 4. place of residence.Sva stithi: self stage: svarag
Sthuul [S], adj. 1. bulky, fat. 2. gross, coarse; undifferentiated; outward, apparent. 3. crude, rough (of an estimate). 4. gross (of amount). 5. dense, stupid. 6. philos. Tangible, material (as opposed to suukṣma, subtle)
Stuti [S], f. 1. praise (devout, or lavish); celebration, eulogy. 2. a song or hymn of praise. ~ karnaa, to lavish praises
Subhaav [S.], m. good disposition or nature.
Suucak [S], adj. & m. 1. adj. – suucak. Indicating (e.g. praśnsuucak, enquiring (as a glance). 2. meaningful (as words, a remark). 3. m. an indicator. 4. narrator of traditional tales. 5. an informer, a spy.
Suaar [suupakaara-], m. Av. a cook
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Śubh [S], adj & m. 1. adj. auspicious, lucky; good (as news &c). 2. Brbh. Av. handsome, beautiful. 3. m. –śubh. Auspicious; good fortune, welfare… śubhkaamnaa, f. good wish. P953
Śuddh [S] adj. 1. pure; uncontaminated (a substance, or a tradition, or speech, &c). 2. sinless; virtuous. 3. not ill-intentioned, honest, sincere (conduct). 4. free from errors, correct (as a draft, a proof). 5. nett (profit, return). 6. simple, mere. 7. very, unequalled.
Su-dhaar, m. 1. an improvement; adjustment, repair. 2. a reform
Sudhaarnaa, vt. to set right: 1. to improve; to correct. 2. to reform. 3. Av. to clean, to polish. 4. Av. to adjust, to arrange (clothing)
Sudharnaa [cf. h. sudhaarnaa], vi. To be set right: 1. to be improved; to be corrected; to improve; to come right (situation). 2. to be repaired; to be serviceable. 3. to be reformed. 4. to be or to seem right or good.
Sujhaav [cf. H. sujhaanaa], m. 1. suggestion. 2. pointing out (a matter, for consideration); explanation. ~ karnaa (kaa), to suggest.
Sukh [S.], m. 1. happiness; pleasure; joy. 2. ease, comfort; convenience. 3. prosperity. 4. rest, relief; peace.
Suukhaa [śuṣkaka-], adj. & m. 1. adj. dry; dried up; withered (vegetation). 2. emaciated. 3. dry (manner); terse (remarks). 4. lifeless, dejected (expression); uninteresting. 5. without advantage or profit; without perquisites (a wage). 6. m. dry land. 7. drought. 8. dry leaf (or tobacco or hemp). 9. lung disease: croup; tuberculosis p 1034
Suukṣmă [S], adj & m. 1. adj. minute. 2. slender, thin, fine. 3. subtle (thought, distinction, analysis); searching (investigation). 4. delicate; refined. 5. shrill (voice). 6. subtle, crafty. 7. precise, exact. 8. m. sg. subtle, refined etc.
Sulaṭnaa [H su + H ulaṭnaa], vt. To deal with, to settle (a matter in hand). sulṭaa, adj. direct, straight.
Sunnaa: to hear, to listenSunaanaa: (to make listen) to recite, tell
Su-rakṣaa [S], f. security, safety.
Su-rakṣit [S], adj. well-protected; well-defended
Śuruuat, f. beginning, beginning stage
Sust [P], adj. 1. languid, inert. 2. downcast. 3. sluggish; slow (as a train). 4. depressed (as a market). 5. lazy: negligent; remiss. 6. slow, dull (of wit)
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Sustii [P], f. 1. languor. 2. sluggishness, &c. (see sust). 3. depression (market). 4. laziness etc. 5. dullness. ~ karnaa, to be idle; to be slow, to delay (as with work).
Sva-bhaav [S], m. own state: 1. nature, character (of a person); temperament. 2. nature, property, properties (of a thing). 3. habit, way; custom, practice.
Svacch, adj. 1. fresh, clear (as air); healthy. 2. clean. 3. pure (as the heart); sincere
Svaad [S], m. 1. taste; flavour. 2. enjoyment; appreciation; relish
Sva-dharm, m. 1. own, or personal duty (as an individual, or a caste member, or as man or woman, &c.) 2. own religion
Svapn [S], m. sleep: 1. a dream, dreaming. 2. reverie, fantasy p1049
Svarnim [S], adj. golden; radiant.
Svârth [S], m. & adj. 1. m. one’s own object or aim; own advantage, self-interest. 2. selfishness. 3. adj. self-interested, selfish. 4. having a meaning. 5. having the same meaning; pleonastic p1052
Svaruup, m. 1. appearance 2. shape, form 3. nature 4. characteristic 5. mask
Sva stithi: see Stithi
Svata [S], adv. 1. by oneself, on one’s own (of performance of an action). 2. of one’s own accord or volition. 3. involuntarily; automatically
Sva-tantrǎ [S.], adj. 1. independent, free (from/of “se”: as a nation, or an individual). 2. unrestrained; acting as a free agent. 3. self-willed, refractory. 4. separate, individual.
Svayaṁ, pron. adv. 1. pron. self, oneself. 2. adv. By onself, on one’s own. 3. of one’s own accord.
Svayaṁvar, m. (in ancient tradition) public choice of a bridegroom by the bride from among her assembled suitors.
Sviikaar [S.], m. making one’s own: 1. accepting, acceptance. 2. assent, approval. 3. acknowledgement. 4. admission. P1052
Syaahii, f. 1. blackness; darkness. 2. ink. 3. blacking. 4. stain, stigma
.TTT.
To, conj. 1. (initially in sentence or clause) then, at that time; in that case. 2. but, however. 3. interj. Well, now. 4. (non initially: introduces an idea complementing, or at
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variance in some way with what precedes) in fact, actually, but. 5. indeed, certainly, just. 6. at any rate, at least, just. 7. moreover.To bhi: conj. Even then, even so, yet, still, neverthelessNahin to: conj. OtherwiseMein to: as far as I am concernedTo: after all
Then; at that time; as far as something is concerned; in that case; but; however; well; indeed; certainly; moreover; in fact; actually.The meaning of this word is: in this situation, then. It can be used to emphasise any part of speech.
- taa [S], suffix. 1. forms f. abstract nouns (eg. viirtaa, bravery, heroism). 2. forms inv. M. agent nouns and some terms of relationship, f. as well as m. (eg. kartaa, a doer, maker; pitaa, m. father; maataa, f. mother)
Tab [H. ab: anal.], adv. 1. then, at that time. 2. next, thereafter. 3. therefore, that being so . ~ kaa, adj. of that time. ~ to, adv. Then indeed, then; for that reason. ~ bhii, adv. Even then; even so. Tabhii, adv. At that very time; instantly; for just that reason.
Taabaṛ-toṛ, adv. 1. in quick succession. 2. in confusion, helter-skelter. 3. forthwith.
Tabqaa, m. 1. U. storey, floor. 2. pl.HSS layer. *3. rank, order; class
Taadaad, f. numbering, count: amount, quantity, number(s)
Tagṛaa, adj. 1. sturdy, robust; dependable. 2. forceful, vigorous. 3. valid, strong (an argument)
Tagṛii, f. 1. a thread or cord worn round the waist. 2. a chain, with bells attached, worn round the waist
Tahs-nahs, adj. ruined, quite destroyed
Taiyaar: ready (?)
Taaj, m. 1. crown. 2. diadem, tiara. 3. crest, plume. 4. arch. An ornamental turret. 5. fig. supreme exemplar or exponent; paragon
Takaanaa [cf. H. taaknaa], vt. 1. to cause (one) to look at, or to watch over (as fields); to show ( to, ko). 2. to cause (one) to wait, to keep (one) in hope.
Taakat: f. strength, power. 2. ability, capability. 3. power, energy (electric, &c)
Takht [P takht], m. 1. throne. 2. seat. 3. raised place; stage, platform.Takhtnaśiin, a. sitting on a throne, enthroned
Taaki [P], conj. So that, in order that.
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Ṭakkar, f. 1. striking, knocking (against/se); impact. 2. collision (between/ men or kii). 3. competition, rivalry (between/men); conflict, clash. ~ kaa, adj. equal, comparable. ~ khaate, or maarte, phirnaa, to wander aimlessly, or in a wretched state….(p 400) ~ lenaa (se), to confront, to contend (with)
Takliif [A. takliif], f. taking care: 1. trouble, difficulty; inconvenience. 2. distress (emotional or physical); suffering. 3. hardship
Taakiid [A.taakiid], f. 1. strict instruction; demand, request. 2. compulsion, coercion. ~ karnaa (se, or ko), to enjoin, to instruct; to caution
Ṭakkar [ṭakkaraa-], f. 1. striking, knocking (against/se); impact. 2. a collision (between/men or kii). 3. competition, rivalry (between/men); conflict, clash. ~ ka, adj. equal, comparable…# ~ lenaa (se), to confront, to contend (with)…p 400
Ṭakraanaa [cf H. ṭakkar], vi & vt. 1. vi. = ṭakkar khaanaa: to knock (against), to suffer an impact; to collide (with); to be dashed (against); to stumble; to vie (with). 2. to collide (with/se). 3. to oppose, to confront. 4. vt. to knock together, or against; to dash together, or against; to butt. 5. to bring into conflict. Maathaa ~, to bow the head (to the ground in obeisance); to make great efforts.
Taal, m. f. 1. clapping the hands, applause. 2. beating time (in music); musical time; rhythm. 3. cymbals. 4. slapping the palms on the arms or thighs as a challenge (in wrestling). P450
Taalaa, m. a lock, a padlock
Taalaab [P], m. a pond; tank; reservoir.
Talaaq, f. divorce. ~ denaa (ko), to divorce
Taalii, f. 1. clapping the hands. 2. applause ~ piitna, or bajaanaa, or maarnaa, to clap the hands (to attract attention, or to show delight, or approval, or derision) p450
Talvaar [taravaari-], f. a sword; sword-blade p 443
Taalluq, m. 1. connection; relationship. 2. concern, reference (with or to/se). ~rakhnaa (se), to be connected (with); to concern, to have reference (to).
Taambaa ta^Mbaa [taamra-], m. copper. taambaakaar, m. a coppersmithTaambaii adj. copper-coloured
Taamgnaa Ta^Mganaa [*tamg-], vt. 1. to hang up (on/par), to suspend (from/mein or se). 2. to hang (a person).
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Taam-jhaam, m. colloq. 1. pomp, show. 2. pej. goods and chattels, clobber.
Tamo-. Darkness: - tamogun, m. = tams, 2. tamsii, adj. & m. dominated in temperament by the quality of tamas; an ignorant, morose, inert or malicious person
Taan [cf. H. taannaa], f. 1. stretching, tension. 2. 19 c. knitting (the eyebrows). 3. music. A tone, note; key-note. 4. melody. 5. a stay, guy; spoke (as of a bicycle wheel)
Tan, m. the body.
Tandurust, adj. of sound body: 1. healthy. 2. vigorousTandurustii, f. 1. health. 2. vigour
Taaṁg, f. the leg; the lower leg p402
Taṅg, adj. 1. contracted, cramped; narrow (as a lane). 2. tight (clothing). 3. wanting, scarce; stinted. 4. stinting; miserly (hand, heart). 5. in want (of/se). 6. distressed, troubled; sad; vexed; put to trouble. 7. burdensome; awkward (a time, an activity); demanding, severe. ~ aanaa, to be distressed etc., to be in difficulty; to be tired, fed up (of or with/se). ~ karnaa, to tighten; to distress etc.; to put pressure (on/ko); to opress. P431
Tant [? Conn. Tattva-], m. Av. 1. precise moment, moment of truth, nick of time. 2. substance, essence (of a matter).
Tantră [S], m. warp (of clothes), weaving: 1. essential part, basis; chief doctrine, theory. 2. arrangement, system; structure; regular order of ritual. 3. specif. a work teaching magical and mystical formulae for worship or the attainment of superhuman power. 4. charm, spell; incantation; oath. 5. means (cf. ² tant, 2). 6. a thread, string
Tap [tapas-], m. ascetic fervour or practice; religious austerity; penance; mortification (p 437)
Tapasya [S], f. ascetic fervour or practice, &c ( = tap).Tapas bhumi*: place of tapasya
Taaqat , f. 1. strength, power. 2. ability, capability. 3. power, energy
Taqdiir [A. taqdiir], f. measuring: fate, destiny, lot
Tarah [a. tarh], f. 1. kind, type. 2. manner, mode, way. 3. state, condition p 441
Taaraṇ [S], adj & m. 1. adj. causing or enabling to cross. 2. granting salvation. 3. m. means of crossing; a raft, vessel. 4. means of deliverance; saviour (= Viṣṇu). 5. crossing over. 6. salvation. ~ karnaa, to enable to cross; to save. taaraṇ-taaraṇ m. EH. Deliverance (by crossing the ocean of birth and rebirth)
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Taariif, f. making known: 1. praise. 2. fig. merit. 3. the facts which are to be known (about one): introduction (of a stranger)
Taariik, adj. dark
Taariikh, f. date. 2. law. Date of a court appearance
Tariiqaa, m. path: manner (of acting), practice; method. 2. custom, usage; system (of procedure). 3. manner, style (as of life). Tariiqe se, adv. Methodically
Tarkaś, m. a quiver. Tarkaśband, adj. wearing a quiver
Taarna, vt. 1. to enable to cross, to take (one) across. 2. to save; specif. hind. To save from rebirth.
Tatha, conj. & adv. 1. conj. And. 2. adv. In the same way asTathaakathit: so-calledTathaagat, m. who comes and goes in the same way: title of the BuddhaTathaapi, conj. NeverthelessTathaastu, so be itTathev, adv. In just the same way (as)
Tathyaa [S], m. sg. Which is so: 1. a fact. 2. a truth, a reality.
Tattvǎ, m. 1. real state or nature; essence; the supreme spirit. 2. one of the five traditionally distinguished elementary substances (ether, air, fire, water, earth). 3. cem. An element. 4. a basic principle; an axiom. 5. an element, aspect or factor (in a system). 6. philos. The real nature of the human soul (as identical with the all-pervading supreme spirit).
Tej [ad. tejas-], m. 1. spirit, energy; strength; ardour, fire. 2. lustre, brilliance; splendour, majesty, dignity; awesomeness.
Ṭeṛhaa, adj. 1. crooked; bent; twisted, twisting; zigzag; awry. 2. slanting; diagonal. 3. unfavourable, adverse; ill-tempered, cross; intractable; rude. 4. difficult, complicated; vexatious
Ṭev, m. a habit, a way.
Tez [P. tez], adj. 1. sharp (as a blade); piercing (a glance); keen (sight); loud (voice). 2. hot, burning; acrid; corrosive. 3. sharp, spiced; pungent. 4. bright, striking (colour). 5. strong, effective (medicine). 6. fiery, passionate, ardent; angry. 7. quick, swift; agile; deft. 8. inconstant, immature (as reactions, emotions). 9. quick-witted, alert, keen; intelligent. 10. high (price, rate)
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Tezii [P. tezii], f. 1. sharpness, keenness. 2. heat, warmth. 3. sharp taste, spiciness. 4. brightness (colour). 5. potency (medicine). 6. warmth of feeling, passion, ardour; anger. 7. speed; agility; deftness. 8. quick-wittedness. 9. high price.
Ṭhag, m. 1. a cheat, swindler; villain. 2. a robber. 3. hist. a tug: a member of a secret gang of robbers and murderers. (p 409 for words of same family)
Ṭhagnaa, vt & vi. 1. vt. To cheat, to dupe. 2. to rob. 3. fig. to charm. 4. vi. To be cheated. 5. to be robbed. 6. fig. to be charmed
Ṭhahar, m. Brbh. A place, spot.
Ṭhaharnaa [cf. * stabhira-], vi. 1. to stand still, to be stationary; to stop; to pause; to rest; to remain; to cease (as rain). 2. to be set in place or position; to be fixed. 3. to stand firm, to resist; not to deteriorate, to keep well (as perishable goods, cloth). 4. to stay, to lodge; to take up quarters. 5. to wait, to remain; to be delayed (the rains); to linger (an illness). 6. to settle, to be deposited (a solid in a liquid). 7. to be arranged, settled, determined; to improve (health). 8. to be ascertained, established, proved (a fact, a case). 9. to prove to be, to turn out; to have the position or status of. Man ~ , the heart to be calm; to be self-assured, self-possessed.
Ṭhaakur [ṭakkura-], m. 1. an idol. 2. a deity; the supreme deity. 3. a lord, or chief; landed proprietor; headman; a person of rank or position. 4. an honorific title or form of address p 411
Thaamanaa [cf H thaamnaa], vt. 1. to stand still, to stop; to be still, quiet. 2. to cease. 3. to be restrained, held in check (as the emotions). 4. to be held, kept (in the hand). 5. to be supported, to rest; to recover oneself (as after stumbling).
Thand (f): cold
Thappaṛ, m. a slap, blow. ~ maarnaa, or denaa (par), to slap; to strike, to strike (at).
BjZ cqn~f/k : tM+ cqf) : dull headed ; it is not in the dictionary
Tharraa m. country liquorTharraa m. twisted and thick yarnTharraa m. big half-baked brickTharraa m. a kind of rough shoe
Thartharaanaa, vi. .1 to shake, to tremble (with fear). 2. to tremble, to quiver
Thaur [sthvaavara-], m. a fixed or particular place; locality; place of residence; a place, part (of the body) p 415
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Thik: right, true. 2. fit, proper, appropriate, satisfactory; in good condition; well-fitting. 3. correct; exact. 4. regular, in order; harmonious. 5. certain, established, fixed (an arrangement). 6. adv. Exactly, just; correctly; just so. 7. in a proper manner, fittingly
Ṭhiknaa [cf.*ṭikk-], vi. 1. to stop; to be detained. 2. to remain, to stay; to lodge, to put up. 3. to be fixed, set (in place); to be supported (by/se); to lean (against). 4. to last, to endure; not to change, to spoil or to wear out quickly. 5. to be concentrated, intent (the mind)
Ṭhok [cf H. ṭhoknaa p 414], f. a blow
Ṭhoknaa, vt. 1. to drive in (as a peg); to hammer home; to strike; to tap. 2. to kick, to score (a goal). 3. to strike against (sg); to slap (as the back); to beat (a drum); to clap (the hands); to hammer on (fetters); to pound, to knead. 4. colloq. to beat, to punish. 5. to test, to examine (as goods). 6. to advance, to urge (a claim against someone)
Ṭhukraanaa [cf. H. ṭhoknaa], vt. 1. to kick against, to kick away. 2. to reject, to rebuff; to spurn.
Thora [cf. stoka-], adj. 1. little, small (of amount); a little. 2. few; a few; not many. 3. insufficient, limited; slight; scarce; not enough. 4. adv. Little; rarely; a little, somewhat. ~ ~ karke, adv. A little at a time, by degrees. ~ hii, thore hii, adv. Little indeed; by no means p471
Tiikhaa, adj. 1. sharp etc. 2. smart, sprightly; racy (p 455)
Tiikṣṇ [S], adj. 1. sharp, cutting; high (tone); shrill. 2. hot, burning; corrosive. 3. spiced, pungent. 4. fine, thin (cloth). 5. bright (light). 6. passionate, ardent; angry. 7. quick of mind; subtle. 8. harsh
Tiikṣṇăta [S], f. 1. sharpness, cutting quality; shrillness. 2. heat. 3. pungency. 4. fineness, thinness. 5. passion, ardour. 6. quickness or sharpness of mind; shrewdness.
Ṭiḍḍaa, m. a grasshopper.
Ṭiḍḍii, f. a grasshoper, or locust. ṭiḍḍii-dal, m. swarm of locust
Ṭikaanaa [cf H ṭiknaa], vt. 1. to cause to stop; to detain; to check. 2. to cause to remain; to lodge, to place; to put (one up). 3. to fix, to set (in place); to lean (against/se or ke saath). 4. to support, to prop up. 5. colloq. to hand or to slip (to).thikaanaa lagaanaa - to bring to a happy end/conclusion.
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Tiikṇ [S], adj. 1. sharp, cutting; high (tone); shrill. 2. hot, burning; corrosive. 3. spiced, pungent. 4. fine, thin (cloth). 5. bright (light). 6. passionate, ardent; angry. 7. quick of mind; subtle. 8. harsh
Tiikṣṇătaa [S], f. 1. sharpness, cutting quality; shrillness. 2. heat. 3. pungency. 4 fineness, thinness. 5. passion, ardour. 6. quickness or sharpness of mind; shrewdness
Tiras-kaar [S], m. placing beyond or beside: 1.censure; scolding; reproach. 2. disrespect; disdain
Tiirth [S], m. 1. a place of pilgrimage (esp. partic. Places along the course of sacred rivers, as the Ganges); a bathing place. 2. pilgrimage. 3. fig. a revered personage.
Tiivrǎ [S.], adj. 1. strong, intense; sharp, keen; pungent, harsh; swift; sharp (musical note). 2. ardent, impetuous. 3. excessive.
To, conj. 1. (initially in sentence or clause) then, at that time; in that case. 2. but, however. 3. interj. Well, now. 4. (non initially: introduces an idea complementing, or at variance in some way with what precedes) in fact, actually, but. 5. indeed, certainly, just. 6. at any rate, at least, just. 7. moreover.To bhi: conj. Even then, even so, yet, still, neverthelessNahin to: conj. OtherwiseMein to: as far as I am concerned
Then; at that time; as far as something is concerned; in that case; but; however; well; indeed; certainly; moreover; in fact; actually.The meaning of this word is: in this situation, then. It can be used to emphasise any part of speech.
Ṭokrii, f. a basket.
Toṛnaa, vt. 1. to break; to snap, to split; to burst; to tear; to sprain. 2. to break into, to break open (a house, a lock); to break up (ground), to plough. 3. to destroy, to demolish; to lay waste; to kill (a bird or small animal); to take, to capture (as a fort). 4. to break, to reduce; to give change for (money); to factorise. 5. to reduce, to beat down (a price). 6. to ruin, to disgrace; to bankrupt (a person); to brake down (a witness); to humble (pride). 7. to exhaust; to exercise, to strain (the body); to run off, to drain away (water); to weaken. 8. to break off, to tear off (from/se); to gather, to pluck; to pluck or to take out. 9. to commit (an outrage, offence: against/par). 10. to break, to interrupt, to put an end to; to check, to discontinue, to sever (a process or activity, an enterprise, a group, a state, a relationship)
Truṭi f. 1. error, blunder 2. omission 3. flaw, defect 4.shortcoming, deficiency 5. breaking of a vow
Tucch, adj.1. empty. *2. worthless, insignificant. 3. base, contemptible
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Tuufaan, m. 1. a storm of wind and rain. 2. a disastrous flood. 3. fig. a calamity. 4. fig. storm (of argument); flood (abuse).
Ṭukṛaa, m. 1. a piece, bit; scap; fragment. 2. a part, section. 3. a piece of bread: subsistence. ~ ~, or ṭukṛe ṭukṛe karnaa, to break, to tear, to pull or to cut to pieces p 405
Tulnaa, vi & vt 1. vi, to be weighed. 2. to be balanced against, compared, appraised; to be comparable (with/ke saath). 3. to be balanced, in equilibrium. 4. to be suspended. 5. to be drawn up (as confronting armies). 6. to be resolved (upon/par), to be bent (on). 7. vt. to weight, to value, to appraise &c.
Tulănaa [S], f. 1. weighing against, comparison. 2. equivalence, comparability. ~ mein, adv. in comparison (with/kii)
Tulăniiyă [S], adj. comparable
Tulyă [S], adj. equal; similar (to); comparable (in weight or significance). P458
Turant [turant-], adv.1. quickly; in haste. 2. at once. 3. recently. ~ ka: adj. recent, new.
Turiiyǎ [S.], adj. fourth 2. having four parts. 3. chief, main
Tuut [cf. H.tuutnaa], f. 1. breaking, fracture. 2. a fragment. 3. breach, rupture (as between friends). 4. loss. 5. Av. error, defect (as in a text). tuut-phuut, f. (pl.) pieces, fragments; tatters; (sg) scrap metal; a break, something amiss (as in a machine).
Tuutnaa [trutyati], vi. 1. to be broken, to break; to break off; to be cracked; to snap; to burst; to be damaged; to be demolished; to be ruined. 2. to become separated (from/se: an animal from a flock, a member from a community) in the scene . 3. to be broken off ( a relationship). 4. to come to an end; to fail, to collapse (a firm, institution); to subside (a fever, a price)…11. to become weak, infirm…p 405
Tyaag [S.], m. 1. leaving, relinquishing. 2. abandoning. 3. renouncing; resignation; abdication. 4. separation; divorce
Tyoṁ [conn. Ap. Tima], adv. 1. in the same way, thus, so. 2. at the same time. Tyoṁhii, adv. Just so, just then.
.UUU.
Ud-aar [S], adj. 1. noble, illustrious. 2. generous, liberal. 3. munificent. 4. pol. liberal; moderate. udaarcarit, adj. noble, generous or liberal (in disposition or action). Udaarcit, adj. high-minded; generous, liberal
Ud-dhaar, m. raising, removing: deliverance; salvation. 2. release, discharge (from debt). 3. amelioration
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Ud-yog [S], m. 1. effort, exertion. 2. attempt, endeavour. 3. industry
Ujaalaa, m. & adj. 1. m. light; daylight; daybreak, day; light of moon or stars. 2. brightness, splendour; glory. 3. adj. light, moonlit, clear (night). 4. bright, radiant.
Ujaaṛ, adj. & m. 1. adj. laid waste, devasted; ruined. 2. deserted, desolate. 3. m. devastation. 4. a ruined place, ruin. 5. a deserted place, wilderness.
Ujiyaaraa, m & adj. Brbh. Av. = ujaalaa
Ul-laṅghan [S], m. 1. leaping over or across. 2. overstepping, transgression; violation (of a right, or a frontier). ~ karnaa (kaa), to leap over; to transgress.
Umaṁg, f. 1. height of feeling: elation, rapture; exultation. 2. strong desire, ambition.
Umra, f: age
Un-nati [S], adj. 1. ascent. *2. advance, development ; prosperity. 3. improvement, progress
Unglii: f. finger
Upaadhi, f. sg. Put in the place (of sg else): 1. philos. Distinguishing property, attribute. *2. title, rank; decoration; degree, diploma. 3. nickname
Uupar, p137. apne ~ lanaa, to take on oneself (as a task)
Upas, reg. bad smell etc. (cf. ubasnaa)
Upa-sthit [S], adj. 1. present; arrived; ready (as to assist in a task). 2. at hand, near; impending. 3. actual, existing. 4. presented, made, proposed (a deposition, a motion). ~ karnaa, to present, to show etc. ~ honaa, to be present etc; to arise; to occur.
Upă-yog [S], m. 1. application; use, service; usefulness. 2. availability, validity. ~ karnaa (kaa), to use, to employ.
Upramaṇ, m. 1. abstinence (from worldly desires). 2. ceasing
Uṛaanaa [uḍḍaapayati], vt. 1. to cause to fly; to fly (a kite; an aircraft); to let fly (a bird); to let free. 2. to drive hard, or fast (as a horse, or car). 3. to make off with; to rob (of). 4. to squander; to consume or to spend lavishly (food, resources). 5. to indulge (the senses). 6. to disregard (advice). 7. to conceal (from/se: as a secret). 8. to wield effectively (an implement). 9. to scatter (husk, papers); to frighten away (birds, enemies). 10. to blow up; to destroy; to explode (a bomb). 11. to efface, to obliterate, to remove (as a mark). 12. to knock off (an upper portion); to cut off (the head). 13. to spread, to circulate (a rumor).
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14. to unfurl (a sail, or flag). 15. to get rid of, to dismiss. 16. to take off, to mimic; to copy. 17. to play upon, to deceive. 18. to send flying: to throw (in wrestling) (p118)
Urf, adj. common parlance: known as; alias
Uṛnaa, vi & adj. 1. vi. To fly: to fly up, to soar; to take flight. 2. to move or to go rapidly; to dart; to fly, to rush (at). 3. to disappear, to vanish: to be lost (as a page from a book); to be exhausted (a supply); to fade (colour); to turn pale (the face, from emotion); to evaporate or to dry in the sun (dew); to be lost (the senses: esp w. jaanaa). 4. to be carried off, stolen. 5. to be squandered; to be consumed or spent lavishly (food, resources). 6. to be indulged (the senses). 7. to be wielded (as fists, a cane, a shoe). 8. to be scattered (as papers); to take flight. 9. to blow up, to explode. 10. to be effaced, obliterated. 11. to be worn out. 12. to be knocked off; to be cut off (the head); to be torn off, or away. 13. to waft, to spread (a fragrance); to become current (news, rumour). 14. to unfurl, to fill (sails); to flap, to flutter (sails, garments). 15. w. calnaa, to be vain, or conceited. 16. to be tricked, deceived (by/se). 17. adj. flying, darting: spreading, raging [uṛaanaa p 118 above]
Utaar [uttaara-], m. 1. descent, decline; slope. 2. landing-place ; ford, ferry ; ferriage, toll. 3. decrease, reduction; fall (prices, flood-water)…p120
Utarnaa: to get down, to fall
Utaarnaa, vt. 1. to cause to descend or to alight; to set down (as passengers, luggage, burden); to disembark; to help to dismount; hind. To send down (an avataar, into the world) 2. to take across; to ferry across. 3. to take down or off; to cut, to tear, to strip or to break off; to remove, to shed (clothes); to throw off (restraint, or shame). 4. to draw, to run off (a liquid); to channel (water); to extract (an essence, a colour); to distil. 5. to lower, to decrease; to depress (as prices); to assuage (a fever, or intoxication, or a fit of anger); to treat successfully (snake-bite); to vent (ire, spleen: on/par)…(p120)
Ut-tejit [S], adj. excited, stimulated
Utejit karnaa: to excite
Uthnaa: vi. 1. to rise, to rise up; to stand up; to get up; to recover. 2. to ascent…p117
Uthaan: f.1. rise, ascent; act of appearance. 2. beginning, commencement. 3. height, elevation; attitude. 6. summit, height.
Uṭhaanaa, vt. 1. to lift, to raise; to pick up; to pack up (one’s things); to finish (a term of work); to start, to set off. 2. to rear, to foster; to hatch; to breed; to bring up; to train; to educate. 3. to bring into being; to devise; to construct, to build; to build up, to develop. 4. to arouse, to awaken; to cause to get up; to arouse (a feeling). 5. to bear (a burden, a responsibility); to be responsible for (an enterprise); to undertake (a task). 6. to undergo, to experience (suffering); to incur (as risk, debt). 7. to derive, to obtain, to enjoy (advantage, happiness). 8. to take in (harvest). 9. to cause to disappear: to consume; to
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waste, to squander; to dispose of (as a body). 10. to efface, to erase. 11. to abolish; to discontinue (an action, a case); to close (premises). 12. to take away, to remove (from/se); to withdraw (from); to remove from (the world); to carry off, to steal. 13. to raise (a matter, an objection); to start (a quarrel); 14. to neglect, to leave undone (esp. neg.). 15. to display, to exhibit; to bring out clearly. 16. to work or to ferment in (as leaven). 17. to throw up, to cause to fly (a kite, a bird). 18. to set aside or to designate (for a purpose); to give, to bestow, to lease, to rent (to/ko). 19. to take up in the hand (anything held sacred): to swear by (as by sacred water)
Ut-saah [S], m. strenght, effort: 1. enthusiasm; zeal. 2. morale
Ut-sav [S], m. 1. rejoicing, festivity. *2 festival. 3. ceremony. ~ manaanaa, to celebrate a festival.
Uttam [S.], adj. 1. highest; supreme; best. 2. choice, excellent. 3. last
Uttar 1/ m. north 2/ m. reply
Uttarottar: gradually, continuously, more and more
.VVV.
Vaa [S], conj. orVaa, sg. obl. Base. Brbh. That, &c. (see vah)Vaa [P], prefix and adv. U. back (see vaapas); again; open-vaa, suffix (form diminutives: chiefly reg. (E)) = -iyaa, 1., 2.
Vaadaa, m. 1. a promise. 2. an agreement; contract. 3. stated period (for discharge of a debt or payment of a sum of money) p913
-vaadii [S], adj. & m. formant. Supporting a partic. viewpoint or cause (see vaad, 3: a point of view, theory (specif. as propounded). eg. samaajvaad, m. socialism.
Vaahak [S], adj & m. 1. adj. & m. esp. –vaahak. Transporting, carrying; carrier, &c. 2. m. a carrier, haulier. 3. porter
Vahan [S], m. 1. carrying, conveying, bearing. 2. transport. 3. a vehicle. 4. flowing (as a stream). 5. phys. Convection. ~ karnaa, to transport, &c; to meet (expenditure)
Vahiim [H.vaham = hii], adv. 1. in that very place, right there. 2. at that very moment, then and there.
Vaibhav [S], m. 1. superhuman power or might. 2. grandeur, majesty. 3. power. 4. wealth
Vairaagyă [S], m. freedom from worldly desires, ascetism.
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Vaisaa, pron. adj. & adv. 1. adj. of that sort. ~ hii, adj. of just that sort. 2. adv. vaise. In that manner; in fact; casually, for no special reason (= vaise hii). Vaise to, adv. on the whole, altogether; in fact ( = vaise); in other respect, otherwise. ~ hii, adv. just like this: merely, simply; casually examples p 936
vaitarăṇii [S], f. mythol. name of the river dividing earth from the lower regions ruled over by Yama.
Vajah, f. face, aspect: cause; reason. Is ~ se, adv. because of this, for this reason. Kis ~? Adv. why?
Vakiil, m. one entrusted: 1. a lawyer; barrister; solicitor. 2. agent representative
Vakr [S], adj & m. 1. adj. crooked; winding, meandering. 2. curved, bent; crescent (moon). 3. devious. 4. oblique (as a glance); malevolent. 5. m. winding course (of a river); bend. 6. math. a curve
Vaakyă [S], m. 1. an utterance. *2. a sentence; a clause
-vaalaa, suffix. 1. w. nouns and adverbs (these compounds stand in a general adjectival relationship to a following noun, expressed or understood). 2. w. verbs (these compounds have agentive force) p915 examples
Vañcit [S], adj. 1. deceived, tricked (by man, or fate). 2. deprived (of/se)
Vaaṇii [S], f. 1. speech, language; the faculty of speech. 2. word. 3. voice. 4. a title of the goddess Sarasvatii
Vanmansya: hostility
Vaanǎprasth, m. a braahman in the third or four traditional stages of life (who has left his house and family to live in the forest); a hermit
Vansh: dynasty, family line, lineageVamśaavalii: f. genealogical table/tree, genealogy, pedigree, the line of a family
Vaapas jaannaa: to go back
Vaaqaii, adj. & adv. 1. adj. real, actual, true. 2. adv. really, truly.
Varaṇ [S], m. 1. choosing, choice; selection. 2. choice of a bride, or of a bridegroom; arrangement of marriage. ~ karnaa (kaa), to choose
Vardaan: blessing (only found in the English/Hindi dictionary)
Vardhan, m. 1. increase, growth. 2. prosperity, success. 3. rearing (children, young)
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Varg [S.], m. 1. m. clas, group (of similar things or persons). 2. social group, class. 3. section, chapter (of a book) p909.
Vaarttaa [S.], f. 1. conversation. 2. discussion; negotiation. 3. report, information; rumour
Vartǎmǎn [S.], adj. & m. 1. adj. existing, present (time, situation); of the present day. 2. current (month, year). 3. present, confronting (one): a situation. 4. m. the present (time)
Vars (m): year
Vaas, m. 1. residing, residence. 2. place of residence. ~ karnaa, to resideVaas, m. fragranceVaas, m. clothes, dress.
Vasan [S], m. clothingVaasan [S], m. 1. clothing 2. a garment
Vasan [S], m. dwelling-place
Vaśiibhuut, adj. see s.v. “vaś”. Become subject: helpless, enchantedVaś, m. 1. power (= 2. vas). 2. state of subjection. 3. in comp. because of, out of. P910.
Vaśiikaraṇ [S.], m. overpowering, subjugating; enchanting
Vaastaa, m. sg. Intermediate or between: 1. connection, business, concern, dealing(s). 2. motive, reason, occasion. P916
Vaastav [S.], adj. & m. 1. adj. real, essential; actual; genuine. 2. m. realityVaastav mein: adv. In reality, actually.
Vaastăvik [S], adj. real, &c. ~ banaanaa, to realise (an objective, a dream)
Vastră, [S], m. 1. cloth; material. *2. clothes
Vastu [S], f. 1. anything real or existent; essence, substance. 2. a thing, object, article; pl. goods; possessions. 3. a commodity. P 911
Vasudhaa f. see s.v. vasuVasu [S], m. name of a partic. class of Vedic gods; wealth: vasudhaa, f. wealth-holder: the earth. Vasumatii, f. having riches: the earth.
Vaat [S], m. 1. wind; air. 2. wind as a bodily humour. 3. rheumatism; gout. Vaat-jaat, adj. Brbh. Wind-born: a title of Hanumaan. P 913Vaataavaraṇ, m. air-covering: atmosphere (also fig.)
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Vats [S], m. 1. a calf. 2. (as an endearment) dear child.
Vaaydaa m. 1. promise 2. agreement. 3. commitment. 4. bargain.
Vaayu [S], f. m. 1. air. 2. wind. 3. one of the traditional airs or humours of the body. ~-maṅḍal, m. the atmosphere
Veṣ [S], m. 1. dress (= veś ). 2. outward form ; disguise. P 935
Veśyaa [S], f. a prostitute
Vi-bhiṣaṇ [S], m. mythol. Terrifying: name of a brother of Ravan.
Vi-bhiṣikaa [S], f. a frightening display; a threat.
Vi-calit [S], adj. 1. moved, shifted. 2. inconstant. 3. deviated (from/se); strayed
Vi-caar [S.], m. 1. thought, reflection. 2. a thought, idea. 3. opinion (concerning/ke baare men). 4. usu. pl. cast or trend of thoughts, viewpoint. 5. consideration (of a matter) ~ karnaa, to think, to reflect; to give consideration (to/par. kaa)…p919
Vi-citr [S.], adj. 1. variegated. *2. strange, unusual; peculiar. 3. wonderful, surprising
Vidaaii [cf. H. vidaa], f. farewelling, farewell
Vi-dhaataa, m. inv. 1. ordainer, arranger. 2. Brahmaa (as Creator and Ordainer).
vi-dhi [S], f. (m, pl.). 1. rule, form, ordinance. 2. law, statute. 3. a rite, ceremony. 4. method, manner. 5. a title of Brahma; fate, destiny. 6. fig. what is ordained (for one, in life); horoscope
Vidvaan [S], adj. & m. 1. adj. learned. 2. m. a scholar
Vidya [S], f. 1. knowledge, learning; study. 2. a field of knowledge; science. 3. a particular skill or art; a spell. 4. a title of the goddess Durgaa. Vidyadhar, hind. possessed of learning, or of spells: a kind of supernatural being attendant on Shiva and other deities, demigod. Vidya-daataa, m. inv. Teacher, preceptor p 921
Vi-ghaṭan [S], m. 1. breaking up; destruction, ruin. 2. disintegration (of a structure); decomposition (of a substance). 3. dissolution (of any group or entity). vi-ghaṭanshiil, adj. radioactive, vi-ghaṭanshiiltaa, f.
Vi-ghaṭit [S], adj. broken up etc. (p 918)
Vi-grah [S], m. 1. separation. 2. quarrel, strife. 3. gram. resolution of a compound word into its parts. *4. a stretching out: control (of persons, or forces). 5. a division, part. 6.
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individual form or shape (as of a god): an idol. ~ honaa, control or discipline to be exercised (over/kaa); &c.
Vi-jñaan [S], m. 1. philos. acquired knowledge of the world (as distinct from knowledge of brahman acquired by meditation and study). *2. science
Vi-jñaanii [S], m. a scientist
Vi-kalp [S], m. 1. alternative, option. 2. uncertainty, ambiguity; doubt. 3. error
Vi-kaar [S], m. 1. change. *2. specif. change for the worse, deterioration (esp. of health). 3. damage, harm (as to health). 4. disorder, sickness; an abnormality. 5. Av. Agitation of mind. 6. an altered form; gram. a declined or conjugated form.
Vi-kăraal [S], adj. adj. hideous. 2. most fearsome, dreadful.
Vi-kriti [S], f. 1. change. 2. impairment (as of health); defect. 3. mutilation, maiming. 4. deformed. 5. disordered (health, or mind). 5. agitation of mind. 6. distortion; caricature
Vi-khyaat [S], adj. 1. famous, celebrated; well known as, named (as). 2. notorious.
Vi-lakṣaṇ [S], adj. 1. having different, or distinguishing characteristics: strange, extraordinary. 2. astonishing
Vi-naaś, m. 1. utter destruction; annhihilation; laying waste. 2. dire state. 3. death
Viral [S], adj. 1. having gaps; of open weave (cloth); open, not dense (as a wood). *2. rarely met with (as an unusual or odd person).
Viiryă [S], m. 1. courage; strength, vigour; virility. 2. seminal fluid. 3. seed (of plants) p933
Vi-rodh [S], m. 1. opposition; resistance. 2. conflict (as of opinions); inconsistency. 3. hostility, enmity. ~ karnaa (kaa), to oppose, to resist. Virodhaabhaas, m. appearance of contradiction; contradiction, paradox; contrast.
Virud [S]. m. fame, glory
Vi-ruddh [S], adj. & ppn. 1. adj. opposed, opposing; hostile. 2. unfavourable, unpropitious. 3. contrary, inconsistent (to or with/se: as actiona, views). 4. ppn. w. ke. Against, opposed, hostile (to)
Vi-say [S.] m 1. subject, matter, topic particular subject (as to study). 2. object of concern; affair, matter. 3. worldly or sensual enjoyment; sensuality. 5. philo. Any of the five object of sense…p931.
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Vishaal [S.], adj. 1. broad, extensive. *2. vast, huge. 3. grand, great.Vi-śeṣ [S.], adj. & m. 1. adj. particular, special, distinctive; unususal, exceptional. 2. choice, excellent. 3. esp. adv. Extreme(ly). 4. m. characteristic difference or feature, special quality. 5. -vi-śeṣ particular kind or type p930
Vi-staar, m. 1. spreading, spread; expansion. 2. extent. 3. expansion, development (of an organisation, an activity). 4. amplitude; detail.
Vi-śvaas, m. 1. trust, confidence, reliance. 2. faith; belief
Vitaṇḍa/ Vitaṇḍavaad m. 1. sophistry 2. frivolous or perverse argumentation, ungainly or fallacious controversy.
Vi-vaah [S], m. marriage. ~ karnaa, to arrange the marriage (of, kaa; to, se); to marry.
Vi-vaś [S], adj. 1. powerless, helpless. 2. involuntary. 3. not to be averted or deferred (a time). ~ hokar, adv. having no power, or choice (in a matter)
Vi-văśtaa [S], f. powerlessness, helplessness.
Vṛddh, adj. & m. increased: 1. adj. advanced in years, old. 2. grown up, full grown. 3. m. an old man.
Vṛddhi, f. 1. growth, increase; development. 2. prosperity, success. 3. fin. Interest. 4. gram. A Sanskrit derivational process of lengthening or change of vowels whereby related words based on a single root are formed.
Vṛtti, f. a turning: 1. state, condition. 2. behaviour, conduct; mode or habit of life. 3. natural tendency; instinct. 4. business, employment; profession. 5. means of subsistence; allowance; pension. 6. commentary (on a text). 7. partic. Usage (of a term or expression)Gyan meaning: attitude, vibration
Vṛtti² f. 1. disposition, mentality 2. instinct.
-vṛtti, adj. & m. formant. Having a partic. Mode of life or conduct p933.
Vy-abhi-caar [S], m. deviation, transgression: vice, specif. adultery.
Vy-abhi-caarii [S], adj & m. going apart or away: 1. adj. dissolute; vicious. *2. adulterous. 3. rhet. Short-lived (feeling or state). 4. an adulterer, &c.
Vy-aa-khyaa [S], f. 1. explanation, exposition. 2. commenting, commentary; interpretation p938
Vy-akti, m. f. a person; a particular person
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Vyakti-nisth, adj. subjective …p937
Vyakti-gat, adj. personal; private (as property); individual (as opposed to collective).
Vy-aktitvă [S], m. 1. personality. 2. individuality
Vy-aa-paar [S], m. 1. occupation, business; trade; profession. 2. activity, act, action. 3. undertaking, enterprise; transaction. 4. trade, commerce, business. ~karnaa, to to trade, et.
Vy-arth [S.], adj. useless, vain (an attempt etc.); pointeless, senseless.
Vy-aas [S], m. 2. arranger: mythol. Name of a divine sage regarded as the compiler of the Vedas; title of any great compiler…; reciter or singer (of a long traditional tale)
Vy-avă-haar [S.], m. 1. action, act. 2. customary practice, or usage. *3. conduct, behaviour; manner, bearing (towards a person); treatment (of). 4. relationship, dealings (as in business, trade). 5. use. 6. a case, action (in law).
Vy-aa-khyaa [S], f. 1. explanation, exposition. 2. commenting, commentary; interpretation
.YYY.
Yaadgaar: memorial
Yajñakuṇḍ m. a fire pit or receptacle for performance of a yajña sacrificial hearth (hearth is a fireplace, comfy connotation)
Yaatraa [S], f. 1. going, proceeding. *2. journey; expedition; pilgrimage. 3. travel. 4. a group of pilgrims. 5. a procession of idols. 6. (in Bengal) a popular dramatic entertainment featuring dance and song.
Yam [S.], m. esp. –yam. Restraint; self control.
Yathaarth = yathaa : exact + arth : signification
Yogyă [S], adj. 1. suitable, suited (for/ke). 2. capable (of/ke); able; gifted. 3. worthy (of/ke, &c). dekhne ~ worth seeing
Yoṁ, adv. 1. thus. 2. well, in fact, actually. ~ to, adv = ~, 2.; in the first place; in this case; generally speaking. ~ bhii, adv. as normal, usually. ~ hii, adv. just in this way; casually, simply; cursorily; by chance. ~ hii sahii, be it so, as you please.
Yoni [S], f. 1. the womb. 2. the female genital organs. 3. birth; rebirth, reincarnation. 4. source, origin
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Yugal [S], m. 1. a pair, couple. 2. a twin
Yukti [S], f. 1. joining; connection; union; combination. 2. application, use; practice, usage. 3. appliance, means, device. 4. expedient; trick; stratagem. 5. fitness, suitability. 6. dexterity, ingenuity; skill. 7. policy. 8. reasoning, argument; inference.
.ZZZ.
Zabar, adj. upper, superior; great, larger. Zabardast, adj. having the upper hand: strong; high-handed, overbearing; oppressive (as rule); overwhelming (as superiority); strict (an order); colloq. tough (a question); colloq. vast, massive. Zabardastii, f. & adv. force, compulsion; high-handedness, oppression; forcibly; unjustly; arbitrarily. ~ karnaa, to use force (with or toward/par), to compel; to oppress.
Zaahir, adj. 1. evident, apparent. 2. conspicuous. 3. outward, obtensible. ~ karnaa, to make (sg) clear; to reveal, to disclose (to,se); to publish; to expose; to make a show off, to affect. ~ men, adv. openly; in public; ostensibly. ~ hai ki…, it is clear that…
Zamiin, f. 1. earth, ground; soil. 2. land, tract; terrain. 3. background (as to a picture). 4. foundation, groundwork. 5. the earth, world.
Zañjiir [P. zanjiir], f. 1. a chain. 2. a fetter, fetters.
Zaraa [A. zarra], adj. inv. 1. adj. esp. ~ saa, a little (of). 2. unimportant, insignificant; trivial. 3. adv. a little. 4. just: would you mind, please. ~ bhii nahin, adv. not in the slightest
Zarraa [A. zarra], m. particle; atom
Zaruur, adv. 1. certainly, of course. 2. without fail; at all cost.Unko jaanaa ~ hai: he must certainly go
Zaruurat, f. 1. need, necessity, want; lack
Zaruuriyaat, f. pl. necessities
Zikr [A. zikr], m. 1. mention; report, account. 2. remembrance, thinking of God (in Sufism). ~ karnaa (kaa), to mention, to speak (of)
Zindaa, adj. inv. 1. living, alive. 2. full of life; active p 371
Zindagii, f. life; lifetime.
Zor (pronounced jor by Baba) (m): force, strength
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Zor se (“jor se”): with force, loudly
Zyaadaa, adj. inv. 1. more; very many, a lot, much (of). 2. too many. 3. adv. Much; very much, very often, a lot. 4. too much. ~ karnaa, vt. To increase. ~ honaa, to abound; to be in excess. Itnaa ~, adj. & adv. As much as this. Kahin ~, adv. How much more! Very much more. ~ se ~, adj. & adv. More than many, or much: most of; overmuch; at most.Zyaadaatar, adj. adv. Most (of); most commonly, very often; for the most part.
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