Ġskelet ve kas sĠstemĠ dr. güvenç görgülü · pdf fileanterior...

Dr. Güvenç GÖRGÜLÜ ĠSKELET VE KAS SĠSTEMĠ

Median yada mid-sagittal

Sagittal yada paramedian

Koronal yada frontal

Transvers yada yatay

Anatomik Terimler: düzlemler

Anatomik Terimler:Lokasyon(Konumlandırma)

1. Kranial - kafaya doğru

2. Kaudal – ayaklara doğru

3. Medial – ortaya doğru

4. Lateral – kenardan yada kenara doğru

5. Proksimal – ekstremitelerin (kol ve

bacaklar) bağlantı yerlerine doğru

6. Distal – ekstermeitelerde parmaklara doğru

7. Süperior - yukarı

8. Ġnferior - aşağı

9. Anterior – önden / öne doğru

10. Posterior – arkadan / arkaya doğru

11. Periferal – yüzeye doğru

12. Palmer – avuç içi / içine doğru

13. Plantar – ayak taban içi / içine doğru

1. Lateral rotasyon 2. medial rotasyon 3. Supinasyon 4. Pronasyon 5. Eversiyon 6. İnversiyon 7. Adduksiyon 8. Abduksiyon

1. Kafatası

2. Mandibula

3. Hiyoid Kemik

4. Servikal Omurlar

5. Klavikula

6. Sternum

7. Kostal Kıkırdak

8. Kosta (Kaburga)

9. Skapula

10. Humerus

11. Radius

12. Ulna

13. Karpal Kemikler

14. Metakarpal Kemikler

15. El parmak kemikleri

16. Göğüs omurları

17. Bel Omurları

18. Sakrum

19. Os Koksa (İleum-İschium-Pubis)

20. Femur

21. Patella

22. Tibia

23. Fibula

24. Tarsal Kemikler

25. Metatarsal Kemikler

26. Ayak parmak kemikleri

1. Frontal Kemik

2. Supra-Orbital Foramen

3. Orbit (Orbital Boşluk)

4. Superior Orbital Yarık

5. Inferior Orbital Yarık

6. Zygomatic Kemik

7. Infra-Orbital Açıklık

8. Maksilla

9. Mandibula

10. Mental Açıklık

11. Insisif Çukur

12. Simfisis

13. Vomer

14. Inferior Nazal Boynuzcuk

15. Orta Nazal Boynuzcuk

16. Etmoid Kemik

17. Nazal Kemik

18. Lakrimal Kemik

Kafatası Önden Görünüş

1. Parietal Kemik

2. Koronal Sutur

3. Frontal Kemik

4. Nasal Kemik

5. Vomer

6. Lacrimal Kemik

7. Ethmoid (orbital kısmı)

8. Zigomatic Kemik

9. Maksilla

10. Mandibulanın gövdesi

11. Mandibular Ramus

12. Koronoid Uzantı

13. Mandibular Kondil

14. Mental Açıklık

15. Stiloid Uzantı

16. Eksternal Acoustic Meatus

17. Mastoid Uzantı

18. Zigomatik Uzantı

19. Temporal Kemik

20. Greater Wing of Sfenoid

21. Inferior Temporal Çizgi

22. Superior Temporal Çizgi

23. Skuamozal Sutur

24. Lambdoidal Sutur

25. Oksipital Kemik

Lateral (Yandan) Görünüş

1. Parietal Kemik

2. Sagital Sutur

3. Lambdoid Sutur

4. Oksipital Kemik

5. Eksternal Oksipital Protruberans

6. Superior Nuchal Line

7. Inferior Nuchal Line

Arka/Üstten Görünüş

1. Oksipital Kemik

2. Lambdoidal Sütür

3. Parietal Kemik

4. Sagittal Sütür

5. Koronal Sütür

6. Frontal Kemik

Üstten Görünüş

1. Anterior Palatine Foramen

2. Palatine Process of Maxilla

3. Palatine (Damak)

4. Greater Palatine Foramen

5. Lesser Palatine Foramen

6. Pterygoid Processes of Sphenoid

7. Zygomatic Process (Uzantı)

8. Squamous Part of Temporal Bone

9. Mandibular Fossa

10. Styloid Process

11. Stylomastoid Foramen

12. Mastoid Process

13. Mastoid Foramen

14. Superior Nuchal Line

15. External Occipital Protruberance

16. Median Nuchal Line

17. Inferior Nuchal Line

18. Foramen Magnum (Büyük Açıklık)

19. Condyloid Canal

20. Occipital Condyle

21. Hypoglossal Canal

22. Jugular Foramen

23. Karotid Kanal (Beyin atardamarı için)

24. Foramen Spinosum

25. Foramen Ovale

26. Foramen Lacerum

27. Vomer

28. Transverse Palatine Suture

29. Median Palatine Suture

Kafatası (alttan)

Fetal Skull

1. Future Coronal Suture

2. Anterior Fontanel

3. Anterolateral Fontanel

4. Future Squamosal Suture

5. Posterolateral Fontanel

6. Future Lamdoidal Suture

7. External Acoustic Meatus

8. Future Sagittal Suture

9. Posterior Fontanel

1. Mandibular Condyle

2. Mandibular Notch

3. Coronoid Process

4. Ramus

5. Angle

6. Oblique Line

7. Body

8. Alveolar Process

9. Mental Foramen

10. Mylohyoid Line

11. Mandibular Foramen

Mandibula

OMURGA (ÖNDEN GÖRÜNÜM)

OMURGA (Profilden:Yandan)

Cervical (Boyun)

omurlar

Thoracic (Göğüs)

omurlar

Lumbar (Bel)

omurlar

Sacral (Sağrı)

omurlar

Coccyx (Kuyruk sokumu)

omurlar

OMURĠLĠK

GÖĞÜS KAFESĠ

EKLEMLER

EL KEMĠKLERĠ

AYAK KEMĠKLERĠ

AYAK (Plantar)

1. Superior Articular Surface

2. Transverse Foramen

3. Transverse Process

4. Odontoid (Dens) Facet

5. Vertebral Foramen

6. Inferior Articular Surface

Atlas

1. Spinous Process

2. Lamina

3. Transverse Process

4. Pedicle

5. Superior Articular Surface

6. Odontoid Process (Dens)

7. Body

8. Vertebral Foramen

9. Inferior Articular Surface

Axis

1. Spinous Process

2. Lamina

3. Superior Articular Surface

4. Transverse Foramen

5. Transverse Process

6. Body

7. Pedicle

8. Vertebral Foramen

Cervical (C3 - C7)

1. Spinous Process

2. Lamina

3. Superior Articular Surface

4. Transverse Process

5. Pedicle

6. Body

7. Vertebral Foramen

8. Articular Facet for Rib

9. Inferior Articular Surface

Thoracic

1. Spinous Process

2. Lamina

3. Superior Articular Surface

4. Transverse Process

5. Pedicle

6. Body

7. Vertebral Foramen

8. Inferior Articular Surface

Lumbar

1. Promontory

2. Transverse Ridges

3. Coccyx

4. Body of Sacrum

5. Sacral Canal

6. Superior Articular Surface

7. Median Sacral Crest

8. Sacrum to Ilium Articular Surface

9. Dorsal Sacral Foramina

10. Sacral Hiatus

Sacrum

Rib & Vertebra Articulated

Rib 1. Articular Facet of Rib

2. Interarticular Crest

3. Neck

4. Articular Portion of Tubercle

5. Nonarticular Portion of Tubercle

6. Angle of Rib

7. Costal Groove

8. Body of Rib

9. Articular Facet of Transverse Process

10. Transverse Process

11. Spinous Process

12. Lamina

13. Vertebral Foramen

1. Jugular Notch

2. Manubrium

3. Sternal Angle

4. Body (Gladiolus)

5. Xiphoid Process

Sternum

Left Scapula (Posterior Aspect)

1. Coracoid Process

2. Scapular Notch

3. Superior Margin

4. Supraspinatus Fossa

5. Superior Angle

6. Scapular Spine

7. Vertebral Margin

8. Infraspinatus Fossa

9. Inferior Angle

10.

Axillary Margin

11.

Glenoid Cavity Margin

12.

Acromion Process

Right Humerus - Proximal End (Anterior Aspect)

1. Head

2. Anatomical Neck

3. Lesser Tubercle

4. Intertubercular Groove

5. Greater Tubercle

6. Surgical Neck

7. Deltoid Tuberosity

Right Humerus - Distal End (Anterior & Posterior Aspects)

1. Radial Fossa

2. Lateral Epicondyle

3. Capitulum

4. Trochlea

5. Medial Epicondyle

6. Coronoid Fossa

7. Olecranon Fossa

1. Olecranon Process

2. Semilunar Notch

3. Coronoid Process

4. Tuberosity

5. Radial Notch

6. Ulna (Shaft)

7. Head of Ulna

8. Styloid Process

Right Ulna - Proximal & Distal End (Anterior Aspect)

Right Radius - Proximal & Distal End (Anterior Aspect)

1. Head of Radius

2. Neck of Radius

3. Radial Tuberosity

4. Radius (Shaft)

5. Styloid Process

6. Ulnar Notch

Bones of the Right Hand (Dorsal Surface)

1. Styloid Process of Radius

2. Navicular (Scaphoid)

3. Lunate

4. Triquetral

5. Pisiform

6. Trapezium

7. Trapezoid

8. Capitate

9. Hamate

10.

Metacarpal

11.

Proximal Phalange

12.

Middle Phalange

13.

Distal Phalange

14.

Styloid Process of Ulna

Left Os Coxa (Lateral Aspect) 1. Anterior Superior Spine

2. Iliac Crest

3. Posterior Superior Spine

4. Posterior Inferior Spine

5. Greater Sciatic Notch

6. Body of Ilium

7. Ischial Spine

8. Lesser Sciatic Notch

9. Body of Ischium

10.

Ischial Tuberosity

11.

Obturator Foramen

12.

Inferior Ramus of Ischium

13.

Inferior Ramus of Pubis

14.

Body of Pubis

15.

Acetabulum

16.

Anterior Inferior Spine

Left Femur - Proximal End (Anterior & Posterior Aspects)

1. Head

2. Neck

3. Greater Trochanter

4. Intertrochanteric Line

5. Lesser Trochanter

6. Shaft of Femur

7. Gluteal Tuberosity

8. Intertrochanteric Crest

9. Linea Aspera

Left Femur - Distal End (Anterior & Posterior Aspects)

1. Medial Condyle

2. Lateral Condyle

3. Intercondylar Fossa

Left Tibia - Proximal & Distal End (Anterior Aspect)

1. Intercondylar Eminence

2. Lateral Condyle

3. Tibial Tuberosity

4. Anterior Crest

5. Medial Condyle

6. Anterior Surface

7. Medial Malleolus

Left Fibula - Proximal & Distal End (Anterior Aspect)

1. Head of Fibula

2. Neck of Fibula

3. Anterior Crest

4. Lateral Malleolus

Bones of the Left Foot (Lateral Aspect)

1. Calcaneus (Topuk)

2. Talus

3. Navicular

4. Cuboid

5. Cuneiform, First

6. Cuneiform, Second

7. Cuneiform, Third

8. Metatarsal

Knee - Anterior & Posterior Aspects 1. Tibial Collateral Ligament

2. Medial Condyle of Femur

3. Posterior Cruciate Ligament

4. Anterior Cruciate Ligament

5. Lateral Condyle of Femur

6. Fibular Collateral Ligament

7. Lateral Condyle of Tibia

8. Lateral Meniscus

9. Medial Meniscus

10.

Medial Condyle of Tibia

11.

Tibia

12.

Fibula

13.

Transverse Ligament

Anterior kaslar

Brakioradialis

Serratus

Soleus Anterior tibialis

Trapezius

Eksternal oblique

Posterior kaslar

Biceps

Aşil tendon

KAS ÇEŞİTLERİ

Skeletal muscle

Smooth muscle

Cardiac muscle

Skeletal muscle

Smooth muscle

Cardiac muscle