ergonomic risk identification and assessment - the basics
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7/30/2019 Ergonomic Risk Identification and Assessment - The Basics
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July 1999slide 1 Canadian Association
of Petroleum Produce
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July 1999slide 2 Canadian Association
of Petroleum Produce
Objectives
Recognize the signs and symptoms ofMuscoloskeletal Injury (MSI)
Understand the potential health effects of this
type of injury
Be able to identify risk factors in your work thatmay lead to MSI
Understand what you can do to prevent MSI Understand the process to address worksite
MSI concerns
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July 1999slide 3 Canadian Association
of Petroleum Produce
Ergonomics
Ergonomics involves matching the workenvironment to worker abilities in order to improve,health, comfort and performance.
The technology used, thework environmentconditions and the taskperformed all impact thehealth and safety of theindividual performing thework
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of Petroleum Produce
Musculoskeletal Injuries
Disorders (i.e. inflammation, irritation, swelling)affecting the muscles, tendons, ligaments,nerves, joints, and bones
Examples of MSI
tendinitis, carpal tunnel syndrome
rotator cuff syndrome, strains (back, neck,shoulder), bursitis
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July 1999slide 5 Canadian Association
of Petroleum Produce
Signs and Symptoms
Signs
swelling
redness
difficulty moving abody part
Symptoms
pain
tingling
numbness weakness
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of Petroleum Produce
Preventing MSI
WorkerCapabilities
JobDemands
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July 1999slide 7 Canadian Association
of Petroleum Produce
Work Environment
Risks of MSI
Force
Environment
Work Posture
Duration
Contact Stress
Workstation Layout
Characteristics ofObjects
TaskOrganization
Repetition
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July 1999slide 8 Canadian Association
of Petroleum Produce
Personal Risk Factors
You can participate in reducing your risk of MSIby maintaining:
physical fitness
strength and flexibility a healthy lifestyle
good nutrition
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of Petroleum Produce
If You Identify Risks Consider
The body part affected How much force, repetition, posture, duration and
other risk factors exist
Why is the risk factor present ?
design of the tool/equipment, dimension of theworkstation or object, organization of the work
personal risk factors
Report your observations to your supervisor
Provide your expertise to your worksite health andsafety representative
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July 1999slide 10 Canadian Association
of Petroleum Produce
Hazard Management Process
Aim is to reduce or eliminate the risk ofmusculoskeletal injuries (MSI)
Level 3Risk
Control
Level 2Risk
Assessment
Level 1Risk
Identification
Hazard Management Process applied to Ergonomics
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July 1999slide 11 Canadian Association
of Petroleum Produce
Process to Address MSI Risks
Level 1
Risk
Identification
Site Health & Safety
Operations
Identify tasks associated with MSI injuries
Identify tasks at risk to MSI injuries
Worker Education
Level 2
Risk Assessment& Prioritization
Occupational Health& Hygiene
Ergonomist
NO
YES
Low risk
High & Medium risk
Describe task procedures
Determine level of riskcomplete assessment worksheets
Level 3
RiskControl
SiteTeam
Detailed analysis
high risk - immediately; medium risk - action plan
Develop control measures
Implement control measures evaluate effectiveness
Acceptable risk
Monitor review if task demands change
review if an MSI injury occurs
or reported signs and symptoms
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July 1999slide 12 Canadian Association
of Petroleum Produce
Preventing MSI
Report symptoms early
Use good work practices
Maintain flexibility and strength Look for ways to make the job easier
Provide your expertise
Assist your worksite health and safety team
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July 1999slide 13 Canadian Association
of Petroleum Produce
Test Your Knowledge
What are the factors in yourjob that could lead to MSI?
What are the early signs and
symptoms of MSI?
To whom do you report signsand symptoms?
What can happen if earlysigns and symptoms areignored?
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of Petroleum Produce
Test Your Knowledge
Show pictures of local worksite activities
Ask workers to identify risk factors
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July 1999slide 15 Canadian Association
of Petroleum Produce
Who to Contact for Assistance
Worksite health and safetycommittee representative
supervisor
health and safety professionals
add names and contact information here
name: number/location
name: number/location
name: number/location
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of Petroleum Produce
BACK UP SLIDES
Detailed Discussion of Health hazard management process
Work environment risk factors
Computer workstations - reducing MSI
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July 1999slide 17 Canadian Association
of Petroleum Produce
Hazard Management Process
Level 1
RiskIdentification
Site Health & Safety
Operations
Identify tasks associated with MSI injuries review first aid, injury and WCB statistics
review event investigation reports
Identify tasks at risk to MSI injuries review reported signs and symptoms of pain or discomfort (Form A)
review of tasks with perceived ergonomic risk factors (Form B)
complete Level 1Summary Form
Worker Education identifying and reporting MSI signs and symptoms
Level 2
assessment
required?
NO
YES
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July 1999slide 18 Canadian Association
of Petroleum Produce
Hazard Management Process
Level 2
assessment
required?
NO
YES
Level 2
Risk
Assessment& Prioritization
Occupational Health& Hygiene
Ergonomist
Describe task procedures describe specific steps/actions for each task (Form C)
Determine level of risk complete assessment worksheets (Forms D- K)
complete Level 2Summary Form
Low
Risk
High/
Medium
Risk?
YESNO
YES
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July 1999slide 19 Canadian Association
of Petroleum Produce
Hazard Management Process
Level 3
RiskControl
SiteControlSolutionTeam
Detailed analysis high risk - immediately
medium risk - action plan
Develop control measures Control Solution Team
identify and evaluate control options
Implement control measures evaluate effectiveness
Acceptable risk Monitor review if task demands change
review if an MSI injury occurs
or reported signs and symptoms
Low
Risk
High/
Medium
Risk?
YESNO
YES
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July 1999slide 20 Canadian Association
of Petroleum Produce
Force
Muscles produce force to cause amovement, hold a posture ormaintain a load
Risk is increased if: load is slippery or odd shaped
handles aretool too small/large
body postures are awkward tools or equipment vibrate
gloves fit poorly
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of Petroleum Produce
Work Posture
Awkward postures
force muscles to workharder and stressligaments and joints
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of Petroleum Produce
Duration
The longer the task withthe risk factor is
performed, the higher therisk of MSI
Try to vary the task withidentified risks or findways to reduce exposure
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July 1999slide 23 Canadian Association
of Petroleum Produce
Repetition
Using the same body partover and over to performa task puts you at risk of
MSI Avoid high frequency
without breaks
Provide rest periods to
allow the stressedmuscles or body part torecover
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of Petroleum Produce
Layout of Work
Working heights
Working reaches
Seating
Floor surfaces
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of Petroleum Produce
Characteristics of Objects
Size & Shape
Load & Weightdistribution
Handles ofContainers, tools and
equipment
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July 1999slide 26 Canadian Association
of Petroleum Produce
Contact Stress
If your body is in contact with external objects,force on a small area can compress and damagetissue. Contact stress may occur from:
Sharp edges
Hard surfaces
Poorly designed tools
or handles Using body for contact
e.g. resting on elbows
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July 1999slide 27 Canadian Association
of Petroleum Produce
Environmental Conditions
Temperature
Weather Lighting
Noise
Vibration
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July 1999slide 28 Canadian Association
of Petroleum Produce
Work Organization
Work Rate
Work RecoveryCycles
Task Variability
Mental Stress
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of Petroleum Produce
Computer Workstations
Risk factors: Force - typing results in force on the fingers
Posture - awkward and static postures result duringmost computer work periods
Repetition - repeated motions, like typing, causemuscle fatigue
Duration - longer work periods result in greaterstress to muscles and ligaments
Contact Stress - contact with the edge of yourdesktop, may damage nerves and blood vessels
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July 1999slide 30 Canadian Association
of Petroleum Produce
Computer Workstations
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July 1999
Computer Workstations
Typical Concerns
Pain in my shoulder
Pain in my elbow
Pain on the pinkie side of my forearm
Pain in the wrist
Pain in my legs
Pain in my neck Headaches and eye fatigue
Fatigue and pain when using a laptop computer
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