tree identification basics
DESCRIPTION
Tree Identification Basics. Broad Classification Scheme. Annual, Biennial, or Perennial?. Marigold – Tagetes erecta. Marigold is an annual plant. Biennial. A species that completes it’s life cycle in 2 growing seasons. White Oak – Quercus alba. An oak tree is a perennial plant. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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Tree Identification Basics
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Broad Classification Scheme
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Annual, Biennial, or Perennial?
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Marigold – Tagetes erecta
Marigold is an annual plant.
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Biennial
A species that completes it’s life cycle in 2 growing seasons.
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White Oak – Quercus alba
An oak tree is a perennial plant.
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Herbaceous or Woody?
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Daylily - Hemerocallis
A daylily is an example of a herbaceous, perennial plant.
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Burning Bush – Euonymus alatus
Burning Bush is an example of a woody, perennial plant.
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Deciduous, coniferous evergreen or broad-leaf evergreen?
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Sugar Maple – Acer saccharum
Sugar Maple is a deciduous, woody perennial plant.
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Norway Spruce – Picea abies
Norway Spruce is a coniferous evergreen, perennial plant.
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Holly - Ilex
Holly is a broad-leaf evergreen, perennial plant.
Ilex meserveae 'Blue Angel'
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Deciduous Conifers? – Yep!
Bald cypress
Eastern larch
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Leaf Morphology
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Leaf Shapes
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Leaf Margins
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Leaf Types
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Basic Leaf Types
Simple Compound
Pinnately compound Bipinnately compound Palmately compound
Scale-like Needle-like
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Simple Leaf
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Pinnately Compound Leaf
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Bipinnately Compound Leaf
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Palmately Compound
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Scale-like Leaves
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Needle-like Leaves
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Leaf Arrangement
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Alternate
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Opposite
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Whorled
Oleander
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Time to test your skills…
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Leaf type? Leaf shape? Leaf margin? Leaf
arrangement?
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Leaf type? Leaf shape? Leaf margin? Leaf
arrangement?
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Leaf type?Leaf shape?Leaf margin?Leaf
arrangement?
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Leaf type? Leaf shape? Leaf margin? Leaf
arrangement?
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Leaf type? Leaf shape? Leaf margin? Leaf
arrangement?
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Buds
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3 Basic Bud Types
Vegetative Flower Mixed
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Flowering Dogwood – Cornus florida
Flower bud
Vegetative bud
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Pagoda Dogwood – Cornus alternifolia
Mixed bud
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Buds with scales vs. naked buds
Paper birch Wayfarringtree viburnum
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WARNING!
I would advise against doing a Google image search using the key words “naked buds”.
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Stem Morphology
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TerminalBud
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Terminal Bud
Bitternut hickory
Common lilac
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LateralBuds
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Lateral Buds
Basswood
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LeafScars
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Leaf Scars
Black walnut
Northern catalpa Green ash
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Vascular BundleScars
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Vascular Bundle ScarsOhio buckeye
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TerminalBud ScaleScars
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Terminal Bud Scale Scars
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Lenticels
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Lenticels
Paperbark cherry
White poplar
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Lenticels
Tree-of -heaven
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Pith
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Pith
Butternut Black walnut
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Pith
Kentucky Coffeetree
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Time to test your skills… Take a look at the twig image and answer the
following: What’s the leaf arrangement? Does your twig have a terminal bud? Lateral
buds? Can you find any leaf scars? Vascular bundle
scars? Can you find any lenticels? Can you find the most recent set of terminal bud
scale scars? Do you even care anymore? Do you have a headache?
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White ash
White ash
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END
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Plant Nomenclature
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Common & Botanical Names
Plants have 2 different names: Common Name Botanical or Scientific Name
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Sugar Maple Acer saccharum
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Acer saccharum
Acer = genus saccharum = specific epithet genus + specific epithet = the “binomial” that identifies
a species
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Linneaus
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Gymnocladus dioicus
What’s the name of the genus? What’s the name of the specific
epithet? What’s the name of the species?
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Acer saccharum ‘Autumn Splendor’ ‘Autumn Splendor’ is a cultivar name cultivars, generally speaking, do not come true-to-
type from seed.
A species may have several cultivars or none at all:
Acer saccharum ‘Arrowhead’ Acer saccharum ‘Cary’ Acer saccharum ‘Millane’s Dwarf’ Acer saccharum ‘Seneca Chief’, etc…
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Gleditsia triacanthos inermis Gleditsia triacanthos var. inermis
inermis is a variety name. Varieties come true-to-type from seed.
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Acer saccharum Legacy® Legacy® is a registered trademark (PP
4,979). Legacy® is registered with the Office of Trademarks and Patents in Washington, DC.
Acer saccharum Oregon TrailTM
Oregon TrailTM is a trademarked plant. The TM protects the commercial application of that name to said plant.
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End