endocrine system disfunctions
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4.03 Remember the structures of the endocrine system
1
4.03 Remember the structures of the endocrine system
What are the structures of the
endocrine system?
4.03 Remember the structures of the endocrine system
2
Endo-
Ductless, go through the blood stream
Exo-
Gland must go through a duct
These include sweat, salivary, lacrimal, and
pancreas.
4.03 Remember the structures of the endocrine system
3
4.03 Remember the structures of the endocrine system
Gland-
-any organ that produces a secretion called hormones
-ductless
-only act on target cells
4.03 Remember the structures of the endocrine system
4
The Pituitary Gland
The Master Gland
Size of a grape
Located at the base of the brain
4.03 Remember the structures of the endocrine system
5
The Pituitary Gland
The pituitary gland and its hormones (pg. 202)
Anterior lobe
Posterior lobe
4.03 Remember the structures of the endocrine system
6
Pineal Gland
Pinecone shaped organ attached to the roof of the 3rd ventricle of the
brain.
Produces Melatonin.
4.03 Remember the structures of the endocrine system
7
Thyroid Gland
Butterfly shaped
Located in the anterior neck on either side of the larynx, over the trachea
4.03 Remember the structures of the endocrine system
8
Parathyroid Glands
Four glands
Size of a grain of rice
Attached to the posterior thyroid
4.03 Remember the structures of the endocrine system
9
Thymus Gland
Serves both the endocrine system and the lymphatic system
Located under the sternum
Large during childhood but atrophy with age.
4.03 Remember the structures of the
endocrine system10
Adrenal Gland
There are two adrenal glands.
One is located on top of each kidney.
Cortex – outside
Medulla – inside
4.03 Remember the structures of the endocrine system
11
Pancreas
Located behind the stomach
Both an endocrine and exocrine gland
The endocrine portion is the Islets of Langerhans
4.03 Remember the structures of the endocrine system
12
Gonads
Sex glands
Testes (male)
4.03 Remember the structures of the endocrine system
13
Gonads
Sex glands:
Ovaries (female)
4.03 Remember the structures of the endocrine system
14
4.03 Remember Structures of theendocrine system
What are the structures of the
endocrine system?
4.03 Remember the structures of the endocrine system
15
4.04 Understand the Functions and Disorders of the
ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
4.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the endocrine system
4.04 Understand the Functions and Disorders of the
ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
What are the functions of the endocrine system?
What are some disorders of the endocrine system?
How do you relate the body’s hormones to the endocrine system?
4.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the endocrine system
Functions of the ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
Glands
What do they do?
Target Organ/Cells
What are they?
Hormones
What do they do?
How do they get to where they need to go?
4.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the endocrine system
4.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the endocrine system
Functions of the ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
Glands secrete hormones
Hormones What are they? What are some
examples of target organs/cells?
Hormones
Chemical messengers which coordinate and direct the activities of target cells and organs.
TARGET ORGANS?
The organ will depend on the hormone be secreted
4.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the endocrine system
Functions of the ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
Hormone Control
Nervous System Sympathetic nervous
system:
How does it effect the endocrine system?
4.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the endocrine system
4.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the endocrine system
Functions of the ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
Hormone Control
What is negative feedback?
4.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the endocrine system
Functions of the ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
Adrenal cortex
Corticoids:
What is the function of corticoids?
Androgens:
What do androgens do?
Who has them?
Functions of the ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
Adrenal medulla
Epinephrine: How does epinephrine effect the body?
Norepinephrine: Compare epinephrine to norepinephrine.
4.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the endocrine system
4.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the endocrine system
Functions of the ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
Gonads
Ovaries (female)
Estrogen:
What does it do?
Progesterone:
What does it do?
Compare the function of estrogen to progesterone.
Functions of the ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
Gonads
Testes (male)
Testosterone: What is the function of testosterone?
4.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the endocrine system
Beards are the fastest growing
hairs on the human body. What
causes a beard to grow?
4.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the endocrine system
Functions of the ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
Parathyroid Glands
Parathormone
What does parathormone do?
4.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the endocrine system
Functions of the ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
Pancreas
(Islets of Langerhans)
Insulin What does insulin do?
What factors influence its production?
What is its relevance to your health?
4.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the endocrine system
Functions of the ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
Pituitary Gland (Master Gland)
Two Lobes (Anterior and Posterior)
4.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the endocrine system
Functions of the ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
Pituitary gland
(Anterior Lobe)
Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
What is the function of ACTH?
Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)
Discuss the function of FSH.
4.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the endocrine system
Functions of the ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
Pituitary gland
(Anterior Lobe)
Growth hormone
What does it do?
Luteinizing hormone (LH)
What does it do?
Functions of the ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
Pituitary gland
(Anterior Lobe)
Prolactin
What is the function of prolactin?
Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)
What is the function of TSH?
4.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the endocrine system
4.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the endocrine system
Functions of the ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
Pituitary gland
(Posterior Lobe)
Vasopressin
What does it do?
Oxytocin
What does it do?
4.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the endocrine system
Functions of the ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
Thymus Gland
T-lymphocyte production
What are they?
What do they do?
4.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the endocrine system
Functions of the ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
Thyroid Gland
Thyroxine
What does thyroxine do?
Calcitonin
What is the function of calcitonin?
4.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the endocrine system
Disorders of the ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
4.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the endocrine system
Disorders of the ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
Adrenal Cortex
Addison's diseaseWhat is the cause of Addison’s disease?
What are the most common symptoms of Addison’s disease?
How is Addison’s disease treated?
4.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the endocrine system
Disorders of the ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
Adrenal Cortex
Cushing's SyndromeWhat is a syndrome?
What are some common symptoms of Cushing’s syndrome?
How is Cushing’s syndrome treated?
Compare the before and after pictures at the right.
Before
After
Disorders of the ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
Adrenal Glands
Steroid Abuse
in SportsWhat are the risks?
Males
Females
Why is it illegal?
4.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the endocrine system
4.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the endocrine system
Disorders of the ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
Pancreas
Diabetes Mellitus What is the normal blood sugar range?
What are the most common symptoms?
Define these terms:
polyuria
polyphagia
polydipsia
Disorders of the ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
Pancreas
Diabetes Mellitus (Type I)
How is it treated?
What age group is most commonly effected?
4.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the endocrine system
Disorders of the ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
Pancreas
Diabetes Type IICompare Type I to Type II diabetes
How is Type II diabetes treated?
Discuss some of the complications of diabetes?
Why does this happen?
4.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the endocrine system
4.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the endocrine system
Disorders of the ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
Pituitary Gland
AcromegalyCompare acromegaly to gigantism.
How is acromegaly treated?
4.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the endocrine system
Disorders of the ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
Pituitary Gland
Growth Hormone Deficiency (childhood)
What are some common symptoms?
How is it treated?
Why is important to treat it early?
4.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the endocrine system
Disorders of the ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
Pituitary Gland
GigantismWhat causes gigantism?
What are the symptoms?
How is it treated?
Disorders of the ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
Parathyroid
Tetany (hypoparathyroid):
What are the symptoms?
What are the treatments?
Discuss complications of tetany.
4.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the endocrine system
4.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the endocrine system
Disorders of the ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
Thyroid Gland
HyperthyroidismWhat does hyper- mean?
Discuss the symptoms of hyperthyroidism.
How is it treated?
4.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the endocrine system
Disorders of the ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
Thyroid Gland
HypothyroidismCompare hypo- to hyper-.
Discuss the symptoms of hypothyroidism.
How is it treated?
4.04 Understand the Functions and Disorders of the
ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
What are the functions of the endocrine system?
What are some disorders of the endocrine system?
How do you relate the body’s hormones to the endocrine system?
4.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the endocrine system
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