ecology ecosystems #1 2

EcologyEcologyIntroductions Introductions

and and EcosystemsEcosystems

Biotic vs AbioticBiotic vs Abiotic

Biotic Factors

ECOSYSTEM

Abiotic Factors

Abiotic and Biotic Factors

Levels of Levels of OrganizationOrganization

BiomesBiomesLarge Large

geographicageographical areas with l areas with a particular a particular

type of type of vegetation vegetation

& temp& temp

Tropical dry forest

Tropical savanna Temperate woodlandand shrubland

Desert

Temperate grassland

Boreal forest(Taiga)

Northwesternconiferous forest

Temperate forest

Mountains andice caps

TundraTropical rain forest

Ecosystems ~ Ecosystems ~ Living and nonliviing Living and nonliviing

organismsorganisms

EcosystemsEcosystems

EcosystemsEcosystems

CommunitiesCommunities

Does not include Abiotic Does not include Abiotic FactorsFactors

Populations~ Populations~ One type of One type of organismorganism

IndividualIndividualThatThat’’s all for nows all for now

EcologyEcologyPart IIPart II

EcosystemsEcosystems

Niche – role in the Niche – role in the environmentenvironment

Bay-Breasted WarblerFeeds in the middlepart of the tree

Yellow-Rumped WarblerFeeds in the lower part of the tree andat the bases of the middle branches

Cape May WarblerFeeds at the tips of branchesnear the top of the tree

Spruce tree

Habitat – address of an Habitat – address of an organismorganism

Relationships Relationships in the in the

EnvironmentEnvironmentSymbiosisSymbiosis - - When 2 species live When 2 species live

closely togetherclosely together

Relationships in Relationships in the the

EnvironmentEnvironment

Predator - Predator - PreyPrey

Lynx and Snowshoe HareLynx and Snowshoe Hare

Parasitism Parasitism ( + , - )( + , - )

parasitismparasitism

ParasitismParasitism

Commensalism Commensalism ( + , ( + , o )o )

Burdock weed (pickers)

CommensalismCommensalism

CommensalismCommensalism

Mutualism Mutualism ( + , + )( + , + )

MutualismMutualism

MutualismMutualism

MutualismMutualism

More More to to

ComeComePart Part IIIIII

Food Food ChaiChai

nn

A pathway for matter and A pathway for matter and energy to pass from one energy to pass from one

organism to anotherorganism to anotherOrganisms eat and are Organisms eat and are

eateneaten

Food Food Chains Chains SeldoSeldo

m m stand stand AloneAlone

FooFood d

WebWeba a

network network of of

feeding feeding interactiointeractio

ns of ns of various various

organismorganisms in an s in an

ecosysteecosystemm

MarineMarine(ocean)(ocean)

Food Food WebWeb

Food WebsFood Webs

More diverse More diverse ecosystems bring ecosystems bring more stability to more stability to an Ecosysteman Ecosystem

Biodiversity is Biodiversity is ImportantImportant

Extinction is a Extinction is a ProblemProblem

endend