eco tourism in montalban rizal
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TOURISM TRENDS AND MARKETING STRATEGIES 8
)ith the advent o! the documentation o! Mts' 9amitinan and :inaca%an, :r&%'
)a a in Rodri&ue+ /!ormer"% Monta"$an , Ri+a" is !ast $ecomin& a haven !or hi#ers' ;ust
an hour a a% !rom Metro Mani"a, and o!!erin& dramatic vie s atop "imestone
!ormations, these mountains are tru"% orth% da%hi#es' Mt' A%aas is a p"easant addition
to the outdoor destinations o! Rodri&ue+, Ri+a"' )hi"e 9amitinan, :inaca%an, and
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TOURISM TRENDS AND MARKETING STRATEGIES >
eco"o&ica" tourism site' This is true !or a"" other eco"o&ica" tourism sites a"" over the
countr%, such as :oraca%, :oho", 9a"a an, 6orre&idor, and others' :ut e have to do the
$asics to attract more tourists' )e have to sho that e do not on"% have the natura"
$ount%, $ut the capa$i"it% as e"" to nurture the nature that e have'
oca" a areness a"so has a "on& a% to &o' The immediate communit% needs to
rea"i+e that this is their "ive"ihood and that the !oodstu!! the% se"" is not hat tourists
come !or = it is the "andscape, the histor% o! the p"ace, and the peop"e' Thus, the% have to
participate in #eepin& the "andscape and histor% desira$"e !or visitors $ecause it provides
them the "ive"ihood as a resu"t'
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TOURISM TRENDS AND MARKETING STRATEGIES C
The ne(t para&raphs i"" discuss the three t%pes o! impact in more detai", ith a
speci!ic !ocus on the potentia" outcomes !or the possi$"e e!!ects o! eco-tourism in Mt'
A%aas'
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TOURISM TRENDS AND MARKETING STRATEGIES
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
Local Related Lite at! e
The !irst de!inition o! ecotourism itse"! came to the 9hi"ippines in 2@@8, durin& a
or#shop on that su$4ect'
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TOURISM TRENDS AND MARKETING STRATEGIES
deve"op tourism and ma#e the 9hi"ippines a $i& tourist destination in the sti!!
Southeast Asian competition' The 9hi"ippines is indeed $ein& mar#eted as a tourist
destination that !eatures predominant"% i"d and untouched nature o! hi&h mountains and
hite $eaches' That a countr% such as this so rich in nature ou"d see ecotourism as a
&ood economic a"ternative is in this sense not stran&e'
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TOURISM TRENDS AND MARKETING STRATEGIES @
For ecotourism to or#, the communit% needs to esta$"ish &oa"s that promote the
conservation o! the natura" environment, economic prosperit% !or the ma4orit% o!
sta#eho"ders and communit% deve"opment' )ea"th &eneration is a ma4or &oa" o! a""
"ive"ihood pro4ects inc"udin& ecotourism' The d%namics o! deve"opment ho ever, o!ten
resu"ts to ine5ua"it%, herein the rich tend to $ecome richer and the poor tend to $ecome
poorer' This happens hen mar#et !orces are a""o ed to contro" deve"opment and there
are no conscious e!!ort to esta$"ish sa!et% nets' The "atter come in the !orm o! communit%
or&ani+in&, capacit% $ui"din&, net or#in&, sustaina$"e "ive"ihood pro4ects, mar#et
"in#a&es, sustaina$"e !inancin& and other schemes that i"" ma#e sure that the
mar&ina"i+ed sector o! societ% a"so have a chance to $e part o! deve"opment' /Terrence,
0120 '
Fo ei"# Related Lite at! e
Accordin& to :oo /0122 , Ecotourism has si( characteristics' These areH a
ecotourism invo"ves trave" to re"ative"% undistur$ed natura" areas and?or archeo"o&ica"
sites, $ it !ocuses on "earnin& and the 5ua"it% o! e(perience, c it economica""% $ene!its
the "oca" communities, d ecotourists see# to vie rare species, spectacu"ar "andscapes
and?or the unusua" and e(otic, e ecotourists do not dep"ete resources $ut even sustain the
environment or he"p undo dama&e to the environment, and ! ecotourists appreciate and
respect "oca" cu"ture, traditions, etc'
Moreover, Orams /0120 $e"ieves that ecotourism must have a stron& *peop"e
e"ement.' For e(amp"e, the trave"ers shou"d "earn a$out the !orest and its peop"e' The%
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TOURISM TRENDS AND MARKETING STRATEGIES 21
shou"d a"so "earn the causes o! destruction o! the rain!orests' The pro4ect must
a"so $e $ui"t throu&h the cooperative action o! a variet% o! #e% &roups $ecause !ai"ure to
invo"ve even a sin&"e &roup ma% resu"t in destruction o! the resource'
Internationa" tourism is toda% a &iant industr%, an industr% hich is a"so &ro in&,
$ut as #in& Midas discovered, ever%thin& is not &o"d that shines' The pursuit !or pro!it
has "ed to e(p"oitation o! nature as e"" as peop"e' It have $een sho n that tourism o!ten
does more harm then &ood, especia""% !or deve"opment countries, o! hom man% are $i&
tourist destinations' Traditiona" mass tourism is o!ten run $% !orei&ners ithout cu"tura"
or environmenta" sensitivit%, ho s on"% &oa" is pro!it' To counter these ne&ative e!!ects
o! tourism, other non-traditiona" !orms o! tourism have $een considered, inc"udin&
tourism associated ith nature such as nature-$ased tourism, eco"o&ica""% sustaina$"e
tourism and ecotourism' /)eaver 0123
Nature-$ased tourism is, as it sounds, tourism that has nature as its main
attraction' This !orm o! tourism has its roots in the conservation movement o! the 2@th
centur%' Eco"o&ica""% sustaina$"e tourism on the other hand has its !oundation in the
concept o! sustaina$"e deve"opment' This concept rests on the imp"ementation o!
environmenta" sustaina$i"it% in mainstream thou&ht' Mainstream thou&ht thou&h, is said
$% some to $e modern thou&ht, and critics o! sustaina$"e deve"opment sa% that the
concept o! sustaina$"e deve"opment rather means eco"o&ica" moderni+ation'/6ru+, 0123
A"read% in 2@ >, Murph% stressed the importance "oca" invo"vement in tourism
deve"opment'
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TOURISM TRENDS AND MARKETING STRATEGIES 22
cooperation o! "oca" peop"e $ecause the% are part o! the tourism product'
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TOURISM TRENDS AND MARKETING STRATEGIES 20
CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK
This stud% i"" !ocus on the e!!ects o! Eco-Tourism to "oca" and its peop"e o! Mt'
A%aas in Rodri&ue+, Ri+a"'
INPUT PROCESS OUTPUT
FIG. $ RESEARCH PARADIGM
TOURISM TRENDS AND MARKETING STRATEGIES 23
on the dia&ram that sho s the input o! the stud%, addressin& the e!!ects o!
eco-tourism to "oca" and its peop"e in Mt' A%aas in Rodri&ue+, Ri+a"' The mountain has
made distinctive"% $% its river tre##in& and &rass"and s"opes' Moreover, it is ar&ua$"% the
most cha""en&in& o! the hi#es in the area = even thou&h a"" o! them are re"ative"% eas% and
are, as o! ;u"% 012>, rated as Di!!icu"t% 3?@ that the% ma% he"p the ne "% discovered
tourist destination to $e more #no n $% other peop"e' Satis!action o! tourist !or them to
For peop"e to #no
the importance o! "oca" invo"vement intourism
deve"opment in Mt'A%aas Rodri&ue+,
Ri+a"'
- Demo&raphic pro!i"e o! the
respondents in termso!H
a' A&e $' Gender
c' Nationa"it%
-The E!!ects o! Eco-Tourism to "oca" and
its peop"e o! Mt'A%aas in
Rodri&ue+, Ri+a"
-Satis!action o! Tourist
-Residents o! Rodri&ue+, Ri+a"
- 6onductin& o! surve% throu&hdistri$ution o! 5uestionnaires
-Ana"%sis o! Data6o""ected
-Discussion o! theData
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come $ac# to the destination a&ain and the respondents chosen $% the researcher are !rom
the residents o! Rodri&ue+,, Ri+a" and tourists ho came or visited the said eco-tourism
destination so that the% can he"p to !ind ans ers and !acts a$out the said topic'
To determine the pro!i"e o! respondents and to !ind out the tourist satis!action in
terms o! choosin& eco-tourism destination, ho convenient the said destination !or the
tourist and su&&estions comin& !rom them' To identi!% the pro$"ems encountered and
promote the eco-tourism destination in Rodri&ue+, Ri+a" to $e more !ami"iar'
Mt' A%aas i"" $e more deve"op in the near !uture i! it i"" $e ta#e care o! the
municipa"it% and $% the tourist' Aimin& the e!!ects o! eco-tourism to its peop"e ' To &ive
idea a$out the mountain, to enhance and promote its natura" $eaut% to the peop"e to #no
the ne discovered cave in Rodri&ue+, Ri+a", so it "" $e #no n and tourist ma% en4o% the
said tourist destination'
TOURISM TRENDS AND MARKETING STRATEGIES 28
STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
This stud% aims to determine the e!!ects o! Eco-Tourism to "oca" and its peop"e o!
Mt' A%aas in Rodri&ue+, Ri+a" that i"" he"p the "oca" communit% and at the same time
improve the tourism industr% o! Rodri&ue+, Ri+a"'
2' )hat are the demo&raphic pro!i"e o! the respondentsH
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• A&e
• Gender
• Occupation
• 6ivi" Status
2' 0' )hat does the &overnment and "oca"s do to preserve the Mt' A%aas eco-
tourism destination in terms o!Ha' Attractions
$' ocation
c' 6u"tured' Natura" resources
TOURISM TRENDS AND MARKETING STRATEGIES 2>
3' )hat are the advanta&es o! Mt' A%aas eco-tourism destination to the sta#eho"ders
8' Is there an% si&ni!icant re"ationship amon& the varia$"es o! determinin& the di!!erent
e!!ects o! Eco-Tourism to oca" and its peop"e o! Mt'A%aas in Rodri&ue+, Ri+a"
ASSUMPTION
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There is no demo&raphic pro!i"e o! the tourists and the maintainin& tourist
satis!action to ards Mt' A%aas' There are no standards that the said mountain need to
reach to satis!% the tourists'
TOURISM TRENDS AND MARKETING STRATEGIES 2C
SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUD%
This stud% !ocuses on cooperation o! "oca" peop"e in eco- tourism deve"opment o!
Mt' A%aas various a%s hich "oca" communities can $e invo"ved in tourism activities''
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A"so this stud% is important to "oca" "eve" impacts, or more speci!ica""% the perceived
impacts' There are &roup o! peop"e ho i"" $ene!it to this stud%H
Re&ea c'e &
To the researchers, it i"" $ene!it other researchers ho ant to stud% a$out the
e!!ects o! eco-tourism to "oca" and its peop"e in Mt' A%aas Rodri&ue+, Ri+a"' :ecause the%
can have in!ormation and ideas hen the% i"" ma#e their o n research'
Co((!#it)
To the communit%, it is important !or them $ecause the% #ne that "oca"
communities have a hi&h de&ree o! contro" over the activities ta#in& p"ace, and a
si&ni!icant proportion o! the economic $ene!its accrue to them i! the% visit the said
mountain' And o! course the income o! the communit% i"" increase i! that tourist spot
i"" $e #no n $% other peop"e especia""% those ho "oves adventures "i#e !orei&ners'
St!de#t&
To the students, i! the% "ove adventures toðer ith their !riends the% can &o to
Mt' A%aas o!!erin& dramatic vie s atop "imestone !ormations, here the mountain are
tru"% orth% in da%hi#es' A"so, to enhance their s#i""s to promote the tourist spots in this
countr% especia""% ith the hidden tourist spot "i#e the Mt' A%aas'
TOURISM TRENDS AND MARKETING STRATEGIES 2
Fa(il)
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To the !ami"%, !or them to #no the ne est p"ace the% ou"d visit then i! the%
ant adventures ith their !ami"%' A $est time to catch-up ith their !ami"% and a"so to
teach their chi"dren a$out the tourist spots in our countr%'
SCOPE AND LIMITATION OF THE STUD%
This stud% i"" !ocus on the E!!ects o! Eco-tourism to "oca" and its peop"e o! Mt'
A%aas in Rodri&ue+, Ri+a"7 as perceived $% the tourist' The respondents i"" $e one
hundred /211 residents o! Rodri&ue+, Ri+a" ho a"read% visited the Mt' A%aas' The% i""
$e se&mented $% means o! their a&e, &ender, occupation, and civi" status'
The purposive samp"in& i"" $e used in se"ectin& the respondents in this stud%'
This is the samp"in& that i"" $e used $ecause the researchers have to set a particu"ar
characteristics that the% i"" need !or their respondents ho a"read% ent to Mt' A%aas'
The 5ua"i!ications set $% the researchers shou"d meet $% the respondents' The research
instrument that i"" $e used is surve%-5uestionnaire that i"" consist o! demo&raphic
pro!i"e o! the respondents, ho can maintain the c"ean"iness o! the area in the said
mountain, hat t%pe?s o! "oca" participation are sho n $% the "oca" communit%, ho the
sta#eho"ders in the eco-tourism o! the said mountain and hat are their ro"es, and hich
socia", economic and environmenta" impacts are encountered and ho satis!ied is the
"oca" communit% ith these impacts'
TOURISM TRENDS AND MARKETING STRATEGIES 2
The respondents o! the stud% ho i"" ans er the surve%-5uestionnaire that i""
$e provided $% the researchers i"" $e the residents o! Rodri&ue+, Ri+a" and tourist
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a"read% visited the mountain' These i"" $e the respondents $ecause the% a"read% visited
the mountain' The% i"" $e a$"e to &ive accurate ans er on the surve%-5uestionnaire that
i"" $e provided' The researchers i"" &o to the province o! Rodri&ue+, Ri+a" to conduct
a surve%-5uestionnaire to the residents o! Rodri&ue+, Ri+a" and tourist ho ent in the
said mountain' The% i"" $e distri$uted surve%-5uestionnaire unti" the% reach the
respondents that the% needed hich are the one hundred /211 residents o! Rodri&ue+,
Ri+a" and tourists'
This stud% i"" !ocus on"% on the mentioned varia$"es o! the e!!ects o! eco-
tourism o! Mt' A%aas in Rodri&ue+, Ri+a"7 as perceived $% the tourist
DEFINITION OF TERMS
Att actio#* somethin& interestin& or en4o%a$"e that peop"e ant to visit, see or do'
Co((!#it)* a &roup o! peop"e "ivin& in the same p"ace or havin& a particu"ar
characteristic in common'
De&ti#atio# - a p"ace to hich a person is &oin&''
Eco* To! i&(* tourism directed to ard e(otic, o!ten threatened, natura" environments,
especia""% to support conservation e!!orts and o$serve i"d"i!e
TOURISM TRENDS AND MARKETING STRATEGIES 2@
P o(otio# + somethin&/such as advertisin& that is done to ma#e peop"e a are o!
somethin& and increase it sa"es or popu"arit%
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Sta,e'olde &* a person ith an interest or concern in somethin&, especia""% a $usiness'
To! i&(* the act o! trave""in& to a p"ace !or p"easure
To! i&t* a person ho trave"s to a p"ace !or a p"easure
T a-el* to &o on a trip or 4ourne%
T a-ele * a person ho moves around a p"ace to p"ace instead o! "ivin& in one p"ace !or a
"on& time'
TOURISM TRENDS AND MARKETING STRATEGIES 01
CHAPTER II. METHODOLOG%
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This chapter presents the process in the preparation o! the stud%, research desi&n,
popu"ation and samp"in&, se"ection o! the respondents, instruments and used sources o!
data, data &atherin& procedure and statistica" treatment o! data'
Re&ea c' De&i"#
The stud% the the e!!ects o! eco-tourism to "oca" and its peop"e o! Mt' A%aas in
Rodri&ue+, Ri+a" as conducted 012C-012 ' Descriptive method as used in this stud%'
Descriptive method o! research is a !act-!indin& stud% ith ade5uate and accurate
interpretation o! !indin&s' It descri$es ith emphasis hat actua""% e(ist such as current
conditions, practices, or an% phenomena'
Po !latio# a#d Sa( li#"
The stud% !ocused on the "oca" residents o! Rodri&ue+, Ri+a", their perspective
re&ardin& the e!!ects o! eco-tourism to "oca" and its peop"e' The tar&et popu"ation
consisted o! 211 "oca" residents in Rodri&ue+, Ri+a"' The researcher ere used the
9urposive samp"in& method, herein !or a non-pro$a$i"it% samp"in& method that is
characterised $% a de"i$erate e!!ort to &ain representative samp"es $% inc"udin& &roups or
t%pica" areas in a samp"e' The researcher re"ies on his?her o n 4ud&ement to se"ect samp"e
&roup mem$ers' 9urposive samp"in& is main"% popu"ar in 5ua"itative studies'
TOURISM TRENDS AND MARKETING STRATEGIES 02
Re& o#de#t& o/ t'e St!d)
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The respondents chosen $% the researcher is the residents !rom Rodri&ue+, Ri+a"
and other tourists ho came or visited the said tourist destination, the% are the easiest
respondents to conduct surve% $ecause the% have the #no "ed&e and visited the resort
o!ten'The researcher used surve% !orm $% distri$utin& 5uestionnaire'
Re&ea c' I#&t !(e#t
The 5uestions made $% the researcher as !rom the topic, pro$"ems and even the
$ene!its o! the said pro$"em' The 5uestions i"" $e ans ered $% respondents' The
researcher uti"i+ed the !o""o in& to ans er speci!ic pro$"em'
2' Descriptive Intervie
An act in hich there is a 5uestion and ans er portion $et een peop"e'
0' Juestionnaire
The main instrument that i"" $e used is 5uestionnaire' It i"" consist o! t o partsH
9art I- The demo&raphic pro!i"e o! respondents
9art II- The 5uestions on ho se"ected restaurants he"p to campai&n the tourism trends in
Rodri&ue+, Ri+a" s "oca" tourism hich i"" $e ans ered $% respondents'
3' i#ert Sca"e i"" $e used in measurin& the varia$"es i"" $eH
TOURISM TRENDS AND MARKETING STRATEGIES 00
SCALE VERBAL INTERPRETATION
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> Stron&"% A&ree
8 Moderate"% A&ree
3 A&ree
0 Disa&ree
2 Stron&"% Disa&ree
Data Gat'e i#" P oced! e
The 5uestionnaire i"" $e presented to 5ua"i!ied person !or criticism' The
5uestionnaire i"" $e &iven to the respondents, ith proper instructions on ho it shou"d
$e ans ered'
Stati&tical T eat(e#t O/ Data
A!ter &atherin& the data it as or&ani+ed and ana"%+ed' )ith the used o!
!re5uenc% count, percenta&e, ei&hted mean and ANO A, !-test?t- test, the ans er to the
stud% can $e ca"cu"ated and interpreted'
2' 9ercenta&e- this is used as descriptive measure to determine the !re5uenc% o!
respondents a&ainst the tota" num$er o! respondents this i"" ho the pro!i"e o! the
respondents'
Formu"aH L !?n ( 211
TOURISM TRENDS AND MARKETING STRATEGIES 03
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0' )ei&hted mean = to &et the perception o! se"ected individua" !rom Rodri&ue+,
Ri+a" in terms o! their &ender'
)hereH p percenta&e
! !re5uenc%
n tota" num$er o! respondents
¿ (w. x )
×= ∑¿¿¿
∑ w
3' ANO A- A One- )a% Ana"%sis o! ariance is a a% to test the e5ua"it% o! three or
more means at one time $% usin& variances'The popu"ations !rom hich the samp"es ere
o$tained must $e norma""% or appro(imate"% norma""% distri$uted'The samp"es must $e
independent' The variances o! the popu"ations must $e e5ua"'
TOURISM TRENDS AND MARKETING STRATEGIES 08
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REFERENCES
A"e4andrino AM, /0122 Ecotourism in the 9hi"ippines
To#%oH Asian 9roductivit% Or&ani+ation, pp' 2 8-2 0
Andrada )M, /0120 *Ecotourism Deve"opment Frame or# in the 9hi"ippines.
To#%oH Asian 9roductivit% Or&ani+ation, pp' 2CC-2 3
:oo, E' /0122 ' Ma#in& Ecotourism Sustaina$"eH Recommendations !or 9"annin&,
Deve"opment, and Mana&ement'
)ashin&ton, D6H Is"and 9ress' /pp' 2 -2@@ '
6ru+ RG, / 0123 ' To ards Sustaina$"e Tourism Deve"opment int the 9hi"ippines and
Other Asean 6ountriesH An E(amination o! 9ro&rams and 9ractices o! Nationa" Tourism
Or&ani+ations' Genera" Format' Retrieved !rom httpH?? 'ecotourism'or&?
Goss"in&, Ste!an' /0120' *EcotourismH a means to sa!e&uard $iodiversit% and
ecos%stem !unctions . Eco"o&ica" Economics' pp' 0@H 313-301'
Orams, Mar# :' /0120 ' To ards a more desira$"e !orm o! ecotourism' Tourism
Mana&ement' 2C/2 , 3- '
Terence D;, /0120 Apri" 0> ' 9"ed&e o! Support' InH United Nations Deve"opment
9ro&rams 9hi"ippines Genera" Format' Retrieved !rom httpH?? 'undp'or&'ph?speeches?
)eaver, D' :' /0123 ' Ecotourism in the ess Deve"oped )or"d'
Ne or#H 6A:I Internationa"'
THE EFFECTS OF ECO*TOURISM TO LOCAL AND ITS PEOPLE OF
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MT. A%AAS IN
RODRIGUE01 RI0AL
A Research 9roposa" to the
Schoo" o! Internationa"
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