conference smart city for developing countries: why ? and how to start?

SmartCityfordevelopingcountries:Why?andHowtoStart?

Ecole Nationale d'Ingénieurs deTunis6Mai2016

ProfessorIsamShahrour,UniversityLille1– ScienceandTechnology

www.isamshahrour.com

Developingcountries

Challenges

SmartCity

Innovativesolution

Q1:Whatarethemainchallengesofdevelopingcountries?

Q2:Whatisthesmartcityconcept?

Q3:Whythisconceptisrelevantfordevelopingcountries?

Q4:Howtoimplementthisconcept?(Casestudy:SunRiseproject)

4questions:

Q1:Whatarethemainchallengesofdevelopingcountries?

Q2:Whatisthesmartcityconcept?

Q3:Whythisconceptisrelevantfordevelopingcountries?

Q4:Howtoimplementthisconcept?(Casestudy:SunRiseproject)

4questions

• Populationgrowth• Urbanservices• Infrastructures• Buildingcapacity

Majorchallengefordevelopingcountries:

UrbanDevelopingcountries

Urban–Developedcountries

RuralDevelopingcountries

Populationgrowthinurbanarea

Worldmapofmega-citiesin2030

Concentrationinlargemetropolis

Inperspective,megacitieswithmorethan50millionsofinhabitants

• Populationgrowth• Urbanservices• Infrastructures• Buildingcapacity

Developingcountrieschallenge.

1billiondonothaveaccesstodrinkingwaterserviceLeakage:50%waterlostinsomecitiesWaterquality(waterpollution,seawaterintrusion)

WaterChallenges:Drinkingwater

• 2.4billiondonothaveaccesstosewagewaterservice• Flood, publicHealth• Soilandwaterpollution

WaterChallenges:sewageservice

Transportation:Thelargestworldchallenge

Airpollution7millionprematuredeathsannuallylinkedtoairpollution(WHO)

SlumsissueTheslumpopulationisprojectedtoincreasefrom780million(in2000)tosomewherebetween900and1,500million(in2020).

Mumbai’sSlumMorethanonemillion

• Education• Health• Culture,entertainment,sport• Peoplewithdisabilities

Lackofbasicservicesfor:

• Populationgrowth• Urbanservices• Infrastructures• Buildingcapacity

Developingcountrieschallenge.

Urban infrastructures

Electricité :• Lignes haute et basse tensions: 1 300 000

km (32 fois la circonférence de la terre)

infrastructures en France

Eau :Réseau d’eau : 1 370 000 km

Bâtiment : Près de 34 Millions d’unités

Buildings(habitation,servicesandwork)

Urban infrastructures description

Developingcountries:investmentneedsinInfrastructures

Annualneed:1.8to2.3Trillion

Transport

Electricity

Water

Telecom

80%(France)

Indevelopedcountries:infrastructuresagingchallenges

France

Buildings

Railway

10mars2015

France:Abridgeisclosedeveryday

UnitedStates(ASCE,2013report):Criticalstateofinfrastructure$3.6trillionsforinfrastructureupdate

• Populationgrowth• Urbanservices• Infrastructures• Buildingcapacity

Developingcountrieschallenge.

Knowledge

Time

KnowledgeSociety

Capacitytousethisknowledgeintheeconomy

• Global• Accessible

Innovation,Technology,Education,Management

Q1:Whatarethemainchallengesofdevelopingcountries?

Q2:Whatisthesmartcityconcept?

Q3:Whythisconceptshouldbeimplementedindevelopingcountries?

Q4:Howtoimplementthisconcept?(Casestudy:SunRiseproject)

Infrastructure

Housing

Management

Eco- responsible

Socio-responsible

Hugeeconomiccrisis

Wehavetotransformthecity(design,construction,maintenancemanagement)

Opportunity:usethedigitalrevolutiontoconductefficienttransformationatlowercost

TechnologieNumérique

Internet

Couldoperate:• Measurement(state)• Datastorage• Analysis(intelligence/knowledge)• Communicationwithother“Things”

Each“Thing”

• Uniqueidentifier• Localized

TheInternetofThings

SmartSensorsandactuators

SmartTechnology Smartgovernance

StoreAnalyzeLearnRealtimecontrolOptimalcontrol

Health,EducationArt,Culture

BIGDATAdigital,images,movies,audios

Moredata

Smartcitytechnologyallows

• Real-timemonitoring

• Rapidactioninthecaseofabnormalevent(security,leakage,contamination,....)

• Optimalmanagement

• Stakeholdersimplication• Newservices

Example:Eclectricitychallenges

SmartEnergysystem,optimalmanagement

Production

Storage SmartGrid

EnergyConsumption

SmartGrid– NEMAReport(2011)Associationofelectricalandmedicalimagingequipmentmanufacturers(US)

SmartCitymarketby2020:$408billion

www.forbes.com,June 2014

China:

$322billion

August13,2014:200SmartCityprojects

July18,2014

• 100SmartCityprojects• Governmentinvestment(2015):$1.2billion

India:

SmartCityJAPAN

RiodeJaneiroSmartCityIBM,January2011

RioOperationsCenter(controlroom)• Initialfocuswasfloods,soilslidingandemergency• Thescopeconsiderablyextendedto:transportation,water,weatherandenergy

Africa 2014

Combinationof:• Rapidurbanization• Increasingdemandforurbanservices• Telecomsgrowth

Africa:HugeperspectivefortheimplementationoftheSmartCity

Q1:Whatarethemainchallengesofdevelopingcountries?

Q2:Whatisthesmartcityconcept?

Q3:Whythisconceptshouldbeimplementedindevelopingcountries?

Q4:Howtoimplementthesmartcityconcept?(Casestudy:SunRiseproject)

Differentscalesofimplementation

City Campus

FocusonCitizens,Users,

Environment

Inasmartsolution,we

Technology

SocialScience

Collectiveintelligence

ImproveLifequalitySecurity

Environment

optimizedcost

Opportunitiesindevelopingcountries

Wehavetobuildortoupdatetheinfrastructures(urbannetworks,transportation,buildings,..)

Thecostofsmartmonitoringislowregardingtheinfrastructurecost.

Thesmart“design”reducesthecostofconstruction

• Improvestheassetmanagement• Reducestherunningandmaintenancecosts

Thesmarttechnology

Savingsintheconstructionandrunningcostslargelyfundsthesmartsystemimplementation

Otheropportunitiesfordevelopingcountries

• Highmobilepenetration• Highuseofsocialmedia• Goodskillsininformationtechnology.

Barrierstothesmartcityimplementation

• Cultural(policymakers,administration,privatesector,individual…)

• Organization(insilos)• Regulations• Economicmodel

Q1:Whatarethemainchallengesofdevelopingcountries?

Q2:Whatisthesmartcityconcept?

Q3:Whythisconceptshouldbeimplementedindevelopingcountries?

Q4:Howtoimplementthesmartcityconcept?(Casestudy:SunRiseproject)

SunRise:Large-scaledemonstratoroftheSmartcity

Largeacademicproject« CityoftheFuture)?

2010- 2011

Cities Metropolis SocialHousingEco-District

Energy(Elecrical,Gaz,Districtheating)

Water(Drinking,Sewage)

ConstructioncompaniesTelecommunication

ITSolutionEngineering

Research

Education

Innovation

• City• Sustainability• Digitalrevolution

SmartGrid– SmartCity

Developinnovativesolution,whichCombines

Health,EducationArt,Culture

SmartCitySolution

SmartCityimplementation?

LargeExperimentation(Demonstrator)

ScientificCampus

Smalltown:• 25000users• 140Buildings

(320000m2 )

C1– Chimie(1966) Polytech’Lille(2000)IUT(2006)

LearningCenter(2016)BâtimentD

(Rénovation/Extension,2019)

100kmofUrbanNetworks

• DrinkingWater• Sewage• DistrictHeating• Gas• Electrical(HV,LV)• Publiclight• Roads

Innovationoperators• PoleUbiquitaire• CITC–EURARFID• PRN

Localgovernment• AMGVF (Large

Citiesassociation)• LilleMetropolis• Region• ArtoisComm

International:• W-Smart(Int.Ass.for

waterSecurity)• US• Netherland,UK,Spain• Lebanon,Morocco

Water/Energy/Buildingsoperators• Dalkia• Eaux duNord(Suez)• EaudeParis• ERDF• LilleMétropole Habitat

ResearchLaboratories:• Engineering• Informationtechnology• SocialScience

Education:• Masterprograms• PhDprograms

Starts-ups:Stereograph,Noolittic,Inodesign,Calmwater,Planete oui,Ixsane,Projex,

Public-private-Internationalpartnership

SunRiseCommunityFacultymembers,PhD,MasterDegreeStudents,engineers,

SunRisePlatformInformationSytem

AssetData(GIS)

Analytics

Wbservorcommunication

• Users• Managementstaff• Technicalstaff• AcademicStaff• Public

Communication:• Réseauxfilaires• Réseauxsansfils

Monitoring• Buildings• WaterNetwork• Energynetwork• Others

Sensorsdata

Users- Alert- Information

Usersdata

Opendata• Weather• Traffic• Emergency

Opendata

• DrinkingWater• Sewage• DistrictHeating• Gas• Electrical(HV,LV)• Publiclight• Pavements

Drinkingwater

Concerns:• Leakage• Real-timecontaminationdetection• Usersawareness• Energyoptimization

Partners:• W-Smart(InternationalassociationforWaterSecurity)• Eaux duNord(SuezEnvironment),Eaux deParis,CEA-LIST,…

• KWR,SmrtWater4Europe(Acciona,Vitens,Thameswater,…)

TWULDemositeLondon

SmartCaceresCaceres

VIPLeeuwarden

SunriseDemositeLille

EuropeanProjectSmartWater4Europe

• 16 km de pipes

• 49 fire hydrant s

• 250 valves

• 90 ARM

• 5 pressure cells

VHF 169 MHz

Portail de restitution de données

GPRS

Datatransfer

Waterquality

Realtimedetectionofwatercontamination

Intellisonde (UK)

S::scan(Austria)

EventLab(Netherland)

Intellisonde (UK)

EventLab(Netherland)

S::scan(Austria)

ContaminantInjection

Phase1:Devicesqualificationinalargescalepilot

108UFC/ml

107UFC/ml

108UFC/ml

108UFC/ml

107UFC/ml

107UFC/ml

InjectionofE.Coli

105 CFU/ml106 CFU/ml107 CFU/ml108 CFU/ml

Turbidity(S:Scan)

Districtheating

Concerns:• Data-basedDiagnostic• Reductionofenergylooses(primary,secondary,buildings)

• Demand- basedenergyproduction(usage,historicaldata,…)

• Usersawareness

SunRiseSite pilote de la ville intelligente et durable

Réseaud'eau

Districtheatingsystem

HeatingCenter

HeatingSub-Station

• Temperature• Flow• Pressure• Consumption

RegulationSystem(ValveControllers)

Data:TeachingBuilding

HeatConsumption ExternalTemperature

PotentialEconomywithoptimizedregulationbasedonbuildingusage

Régulationpartranchehoraire?

Analysisshowedahighpotentialofenergysavings(upto40%insomebuildings)

UniversityDecision:Largeinvestmentin- Upgradingthedistrictheatingnetworktoasmartnetwork

- Co-generationstation

Fundedby:• Energysavings• Public– privatepartnership

Conclusion:Whenseethingswemakeprogress

TheSmartCitysolutionallowsto« see»thecitycomponents(physical,social,…)andtheirinteractionatdifferentspatialandtimescales…

Itisamajorsteptomakeprogressinthedevelopmentofthe“Smartcity”,thecitywhichtakescareofitscitizensandenvironmentThissolutionisrelevantforbothdevelopedanddevelopingcountries,thequestionishowtostart?