conference smart city for developing countries: why ? and how to start?
TRANSCRIPT
SmartCityfordevelopingcountries:Why?andHowtoStart?
Ecole Nationale d'Ingénieurs deTunis6Mai2016
ProfessorIsamShahrour,UniversityLille1– ScienceandTechnology
www.isamshahrour.com
Developingcountries
Challenges
SmartCity
Innovativesolution
Q1:Whatarethemainchallengesofdevelopingcountries?
Q2:Whatisthesmartcityconcept?
Q3:Whythisconceptisrelevantfordevelopingcountries?
Q4:Howtoimplementthisconcept?(Casestudy:SunRiseproject)
4questions:
Q1:Whatarethemainchallengesofdevelopingcountries?
Q2:Whatisthesmartcityconcept?
Q3:Whythisconceptisrelevantfordevelopingcountries?
Q4:Howtoimplementthisconcept?(Casestudy:SunRiseproject)
4questions
• Populationgrowth• Urbanservices• Infrastructures• Buildingcapacity
Majorchallengefordevelopingcountries:
UrbanDevelopingcountries
Urban–Developedcountries
RuralDevelopingcountries
Populationgrowthinurbanarea
Worldmapofmega-citiesin2030
Concentrationinlargemetropolis
Inperspective,megacitieswithmorethan50millionsofinhabitants
• Populationgrowth• Urbanservices• Infrastructures• Buildingcapacity
Developingcountrieschallenge.
1billiondonothaveaccesstodrinkingwaterserviceLeakage:50%waterlostinsomecitiesWaterquality(waterpollution,seawaterintrusion)
WaterChallenges:Drinkingwater
• 2.4billiondonothaveaccesstosewagewaterservice• Flood, publicHealth• Soilandwaterpollution
WaterChallenges:sewageservice
Transportation:Thelargestworldchallenge
Airpollution7millionprematuredeathsannuallylinkedtoairpollution(WHO)
SlumsissueTheslumpopulationisprojectedtoincreasefrom780million(in2000)tosomewherebetween900and1,500million(in2020).
Mumbai’sSlumMorethanonemillion
• Education• Health• Culture,entertainment,sport• Peoplewithdisabilities
Lackofbasicservicesfor:
• Populationgrowth• Urbanservices• Infrastructures• Buildingcapacity
Developingcountrieschallenge.
Urban infrastructures
Electricité :• Lignes haute et basse tensions: 1 300 000
km (32 fois la circonférence de la terre)
infrastructures en France
Eau :Réseau d’eau : 1 370 000 km
Bâtiment : Près de 34 Millions d’unités
Buildings(habitation,servicesandwork)
Urban infrastructures description
Developingcountries:investmentneedsinInfrastructures
Annualneed:1.8to2.3Trillion
Transport
Electricity
Water
Telecom
80%(France)
Indevelopedcountries:infrastructuresagingchallenges
France
Buildings
Railway
10mars2015
France:Abridgeisclosedeveryday
UnitedStates(ASCE,2013report):Criticalstateofinfrastructure$3.6trillionsforinfrastructureupdate
• Populationgrowth• Urbanservices• Infrastructures• Buildingcapacity
Developingcountrieschallenge.
Knowledge
Time
KnowledgeSociety
Capacitytousethisknowledgeintheeconomy
• Global• Accessible
Innovation,Technology,Education,Management
Q1:Whatarethemainchallengesofdevelopingcountries?
Q2:Whatisthesmartcityconcept?
Q3:Whythisconceptshouldbeimplementedindevelopingcountries?
Q4:Howtoimplementthisconcept?(Casestudy:SunRiseproject)
Infrastructure
Housing
Management
Eco- responsible
Socio-responsible
Hugeeconomiccrisis
Wehavetotransformthecity(design,construction,maintenancemanagement)
Opportunity:usethedigitalrevolutiontoconductefficienttransformationatlowercost
TechnologieNumérique
Internet
Couldoperate:• Measurement(state)• Datastorage• Analysis(intelligence/knowledge)• Communicationwithother“Things”
Each“Thing”
• Uniqueidentifier• Localized
TheInternetofThings
SmartSensorsandactuators
SmartTechnology Smartgovernance
StoreAnalyzeLearnRealtimecontrolOptimalcontrol
Health,EducationArt,Culture
BIGDATAdigital,images,movies,audios
Moredata
Smartcitytechnologyallows
• Real-timemonitoring
• Rapidactioninthecaseofabnormalevent(security,leakage,contamination,....)
• Optimalmanagement
• Stakeholdersimplication• Newservices
Example:Eclectricitychallenges
SmartEnergysystem,optimalmanagement
Production
Storage SmartGrid
EnergyConsumption
SmartGrid– NEMAReport(2011)Associationofelectricalandmedicalimagingequipmentmanufacturers(US)
SmartCitymarketby2020:$408billion
www.forbes.com,June 2014
China:
$322billion
August13,2014:200SmartCityprojects
July18,2014
• 100SmartCityprojects• Governmentinvestment(2015):$1.2billion
India:
SmartCityJAPAN
RiodeJaneiroSmartCityIBM,January2011
RioOperationsCenter(controlroom)• Initialfocuswasfloods,soilslidingandemergency• Thescopeconsiderablyextendedto:transportation,water,weatherandenergy
Africa 2014
Combinationof:• Rapidurbanization• Increasingdemandforurbanservices• Telecomsgrowth
Africa:HugeperspectivefortheimplementationoftheSmartCity
Q1:Whatarethemainchallengesofdevelopingcountries?
Q2:Whatisthesmartcityconcept?
Q3:Whythisconceptshouldbeimplementedindevelopingcountries?
Q4:Howtoimplementthesmartcityconcept?(Casestudy:SunRiseproject)
Differentscalesofimplementation
City Campus
FocusonCitizens,Users,
Environment
Inasmartsolution,we
Technology
SocialScience
Collectiveintelligence
ImproveLifequalitySecurity
Environment
optimizedcost
Opportunitiesindevelopingcountries
Wehavetobuildortoupdatetheinfrastructures(urbannetworks,transportation,buildings,..)
Thecostofsmartmonitoringislowregardingtheinfrastructurecost.
Thesmart“design”reducesthecostofconstruction
• Improvestheassetmanagement• Reducestherunningandmaintenancecosts
Thesmarttechnology
Savingsintheconstructionandrunningcostslargelyfundsthesmartsystemimplementation
Otheropportunitiesfordevelopingcountries
• Highmobilepenetration• Highuseofsocialmedia• Goodskillsininformationtechnology.
Barrierstothesmartcityimplementation
• Cultural(policymakers,administration,privatesector,individual…)
• Organization(insilos)• Regulations• Economicmodel
Q1:Whatarethemainchallengesofdevelopingcountries?
Q2:Whatisthesmartcityconcept?
Q3:Whythisconceptshouldbeimplementedindevelopingcountries?
Q4:Howtoimplementthesmartcityconcept?(Casestudy:SunRiseproject)
SunRise:Large-scaledemonstratoroftheSmartcity
Largeacademicproject« CityoftheFuture)?
2010- 2011
Cities Metropolis SocialHousingEco-District
Energy(Elecrical,Gaz,Districtheating)
Water(Drinking,Sewage)
ConstructioncompaniesTelecommunication
ITSolutionEngineering
Research
Education
Innovation
• City• Sustainability• Digitalrevolution
SmartGrid– SmartCity
Developinnovativesolution,whichCombines
Health,EducationArt,Culture
SmartCitySolution
SmartCityimplementation?
LargeExperimentation(Demonstrator)
ScientificCampus
Smalltown:• 25000users• 140Buildings
(320000m2 )
C1– Chimie(1966) Polytech’Lille(2000)IUT(2006)
LearningCenter(2016)BâtimentD
(Rénovation/Extension,2019)
100kmofUrbanNetworks
• DrinkingWater• Sewage• DistrictHeating• Gas• Electrical(HV,LV)• Publiclight• Roads
Innovationoperators• PoleUbiquitaire• CITC–EURARFID• PRN
Localgovernment• AMGVF (Large
Citiesassociation)• LilleMetropolis• Region• ArtoisComm
International:• W-Smart(Int.Ass.for
waterSecurity)• US• Netherland,UK,Spain• Lebanon,Morocco
Water/Energy/Buildingsoperators• Dalkia• Eaux duNord(Suez)• EaudeParis• ERDF• LilleMétropole Habitat
ResearchLaboratories:• Engineering• Informationtechnology• SocialScience
Education:• Masterprograms• PhDprograms
Starts-ups:Stereograph,Noolittic,Inodesign,Calmwater,Planete oui,Ixsane,Projex,
Public-private-Internationalpartnership
SunRiseCommunityFacultymembers,PhD,MasterDegreeStudents,engineers,
SunRisePlatformInformationSytem
AssetData(GIS)
Analytics
Wbservorcommunication
• Users• Managementstaff• Technicalstaff• AcademicStaff• Public
Communication:• Réseauxfilaires• Réseauxsansfils
Monitoring• Buildings• WaterNetwork• Energynetwork• Others
Sensorsdata
Users- Alert- Information
Usersdata
Opendata• Weather• Traffic• Emergency
Opendata
• DrinkingWater• Sewage• DistrictHeating• Gas• Electrical(HV,LV)• Publiclight• Pavements
Drinkingwater
Concerns:• Leakage• Real-timecontaminationdetection• Usersawareness• Energyoptimization
Partners:• W-Smart(InternationalassociationforWaterSecurity)• Eaux duNord(SuezEnvironment),Eaux deParis,CEA-LIST,…
• KWR,SmrtWater4Europe(Acciona,Vitens,Thameswater,…)
TWULDemositeLondon
SmartCaceresCaceres
VIPLeeuwarden
SunriseDemositeLille
EuropeanProjectSmartWater4Europe
• 16 km de pipes
• 49 fire hydrant s
• 250 valves
• 90 ARM
• 5 pressure cells
VHF 169 MHz
Portail de restitution de données
GPRS
Datatransfer
Waterquality
Realtimedetectionofwatercontamination
Intellisonde (UK)
S::scan(Austria)
EventLab(Netherland)
Intellisonde (UK)
EventLab(Netherland)
S::scan(Austria)
ContaminantInjection
Phase1:Devicesqualificationinalargescalepilot
108UFC/ml
107UFC/ml
108UFC/ml
108UFC/ml
107UFC/ml
107UFC/ml
InjectionofE.Coli
105 CFU/ml106 CFU/ml107 CFU/ml108 CFU/ml
Turbidity(S:Scan)
Districtheating
Concerns:• Data-basedDiagnostic• Reductionofenergylooses(primary,secondary,buildings)
• Demand- basedenergyproduction(usage,historicaldata,…)
• Usersawareness
SunRiseSite pilote de la ville intelligente et durable
Réseaud'eau
Districtheatingsystem
HeatingCenter
HeatingSub-Station
• Temperature• Flow• Pressure• Consumption
RegulationSystem(ValveControllers)
Data:TeachingBuilding
HeatConsumption ExternalTemperature
PotentialEconomywithoptimizedregulationbasedonbuildingusage
Régulationpartranchehoraire?
Analysisshowedahighpotentialofenergysavings(upto40%insomebuildings)
UniversityDecision:Largeinvestmentin- Upgradingthedistrictheatingnetworktoasmartnetwork
- Co-generationstation
Fundedby:• Energysavings• Public– privatepartnership
Conclusion:Whenseethingswemakeprogress
TheSmartCitysolutionallowsto« see»thecitycomponents(physical,social,…)andtheirinteractionatdifferentspatialandtimescales…
Itisamajorsteptomakeprogressinthedevelopmentofthe“Smartcity”,thecitywhichtakescareofitscitizensandenvironmentThissolutionisrelevantforbothdevelopedanddevelopingcountries,thequestionishowtostart?