circulatory system (in detail). 2 circulatory system
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Circulatory System (in detail)
2
CIRCULATORY SYSTEM
Parts of Circulatory System Heart
muscular pump that keeps blood moving throughout the system
Blood contains fluids, red blood cells,
white blood cells, and platelets
Blood vessels carry blood to all of the body
cells
Types of Blood Vessels Arteries
carry blood away from heart
Veins carries blood back to heart
Capillaries tiny blood vessels
(arteries) Gas exchange occurs here
The Heart
a muscular pump containing 4 chambers Made of cardiac muscle that does not tire,
unlike other muscles 2 smaller chambers at the top called atria
(singular atrium) 2 larger chamber at the bottom called
ventricles There are valves separating chambers
Valves prevent backflow of blood
Chambers of the Heart
1. Into vena cava2. Into right
atrium3. Down to right
ventricle4. Out pulmonary
artery to lungs¨ Gets O2 and
dumps CO2
5. Back to heart through pulmonary vein
6. Into left atrium7. Down to left
ventricle8. Out aorta to
body
Blood flow through the heart
Largest vein
Largest artery
http://sumanasinc.com/webcontent/animations/content/humanheart.html
A
B
C
D
E
F
HG
TO LUNGS
FROM LUNGS
TO BODY
FROMBODY
Two Main Parts of Circulatory System
Pulmonary CircuitBlood goes from
heart to lungs to pick up O2 and release CO2
Systemic CircuitBlood pumped out of
heart to the rest of the body (systems)
The path of the blood through the body is
HEARTLUNGSHEARTBODYHEART
Pulmonary Vein: Only vein that
carries OXYGENATED
blood
Pulmonary Artery: Only artery that
carries DEOXYGENATED
blood
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Blood flow through the body uses blood vessels
Arteries take oxygenated blood away from the
heartNo valvesBreak into capillaries
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Capillaries Very small vessels
Gases diffuse across very thin wall of small vesselsDumps off O2; picks up CO2
Carries oxygenated bloodNutrients and oxygen leave the blood and go
into the body tissue
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Veinstake deoxygenated blood back to heart
Have one-way valves
Blood flow through rest of body
http://sumanasinc.com/webcontent/animations/content/humanheart.html
Circulatory System Functions
1. Carry O2 to cells and CO2 away from cells
2. Deliver nutrients through body (after absorption in small intestine)
3. Carry wastes away from cells (H2O, salts, ions, urea)
4. Helps fight infections (immune system)5. Temperature regulation
Circulatory System and Homeostasis (Maintain O2/CO2 Levels)
When cells need more oxygen, sensors in the walls of major arteries send signals to brain stem (medulla/pons)
Medulla/pons coordinates with respiratory and circulatory systems to increase oxygen flow to cells and maintain homeostasis
Releases CO2 in process
Circulatory System and Homeostasis(Maintain Temperature…aka:
thermoregulation)
In cold environments, blood vessels constrict in arms/legs to keep the torso and brain warm THINK: Constrict = come together
In hot environments, blood vessels dilate (get bigger) and release excess heat.
Plasma
Red blood cell White blood cell
Platelets
Blood has 4 partsRemember: Blood is a CONNECTIVE tissue
contain hemoglobin and iron, which holds oxygen and carries it to cells that need it; can also remove some CO2
can change shape to squeeze through capillaries.
A disc that is round and flat
Red Blood Cells (Erthyocytes)
There are many different types!
Much bigger than RBC’s
Fight infection and used in immune
system
White Blood Cells (Leukocytes)
Platelets are bits of cell broken off larger cells.
Platelets produce tiny fibers to form a net. This net traps other blood cells to form a blood clot.
Platelets
A straw-colored sticky liquid that carries RBCs/WBCs cells and platelets; mostly water
Plasma
ADULT STEM CELL
Blood Disorders Anemia
Too little iron in blood, resulting in less ability to carry oxygen
Sickle-cell anemia misshaped RBC’s RBC’s get clogged in small capillaries Less ability to carry oxygen
Hemophilia genetic disorder that prevents clotting
Leukemia cancer of white blood cells
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