ch. 14 sec. 1 dictators and war
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CH. 14 SEC. 1DICTATORS AND WAR
Objectives Explain how dictators an militaristic
regimes arose in several countries in the 1930s
Summarize the actions taken by aggressive regimes in Europe and Asia
Analyze the responses of Britain, France, and the U.S. to the aggressive regimes
Peace Unravels 1918-WWI ends 1919-27 nations meet-Treaty of Versailles
Germany resented treaty Italy and Japan expected more land
Totalitarianism-theory of govt in which a single party or leader controls the economic, social, and cultural lives of its people.
Soviet Union 1917-1st totalitarian state (Lenin) Stalin took power in 1924 Cruel and ruthless Wanted to turn SU into industrial power
and create state-run collective farms– Great Terror Purged Communist party of traitors
Italy Didn’t get land on Adriatic coast after
WWI from division of Austria-Hungary Post-war depression Benito Mussolini
Fascist Party Followers known as Black Shirts Outlawed political parties, took over press,
secret police, suppressed strikes
After WWI-democracy, the Weimar Republic
Severe economic trouble and anger over Treaty of Versailles Rise of Nazi party…National Socialist German
Workers Party Adolf Hitler
Opposed the “ism” parties that promoted workers rights or class interests over German ethnic solidarity
Germany
Hitler Cont… Book Mein Kampf (My Struggle)-national
best seller! Stated his explanations for problems in
Germany Criticized many people, political
programs/ideologies, and mostly Jews Anti-Semitic-prejudice against Jews
1938-Hitler appointed Chancellor of Germany
What Next? 1938The Western European democracies looked on helplessly as Nazi Germany swallowed up Austria and part of
Czechoslovakia in 1938, and Hitler’s juggernaut seemed unstoppable.
Japan 1920s-Democracy…ended in 1930s with
Depression Military leaders argued expansion
throughout Asia would solve economic troubles 1931-Manchuria 1937-took control of Chinese rails
Did not become a totalitarian dictatorship, stayed constitutional monarchy
Dictators Turn to Aggression
League of Nations Weak b/c America didn’t join, no army, “long
on words, short in action” Hitler
Restored army and nullified Treaty of Versailles
Wanted to expand, 1935 seized Saar, 1936 Rhineland
Mussolini 1935 invaded Ethiopia
Appeasement Policy of France and Britain against
aggressive nations Granting concessions to a potential
enemy in hope it will maintain peace Caused fascist leaders to become more
aggressive Hitler-
Austria-no choice, union called Anschluss Sudetenland (Czechoslovakia) Munich Conference-Munich Pact
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