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BREEDS OF BEEF CATTLE
Brahman
Color(s): Can vary (predominantly gray/red)
Horned/Polled: Both
Originated from (When & Where): originated in the United States from humped cattle that were imported from India and Brazil.
Traits: Large drooping ears, loose skin in throat & dewlap, high tolerance of heat and natural resistance to parasites. Considered a maternal breed.
Brangus
Color(s): Black (sometimes Red)
Horned/Polled: Polled
Originated from (When &
Where): was developed in the
United States. Consists of 3/8
Brahman, & 5/8 Angus.
Traits: Hardiness, heat tolerant,
muscularity, early maturity and
production of quality beef.
Beefmaster
Color(s): Don’t have color standards
(predominantly Red or Dun).
Horned/Polled: majority are horned
Originated from (When & Where):
was developed in Texas on the
Lasater Ranch in 1930. Consists of ½
Brahman, ¼ Hereford, & ¼
Shorthorn.
Traits: Breed thrives in practical and
severe range conditions. Also, possess
many desirable reproductive traits
and have high milking potential.
Santa Gertrudis
Color(s): Dark Red
Horned/Polled: Both
Originated from (When & Where): developed on the King Ranch in Kingsville, Texas. Consists of 5/8 Shorthorn, 3/8 Brahman.
Traits: Adapts to adverse conditions and is productive in hot climates. Also, possess many desirable maternal characteristics.
Simbrah
Color(s): No Color Standards
Horned/Polled: Both
Originated from (When & Where): developed in the U.S. in the late 1960’s. Breed consists of 5/8 Simmental and 3/8 Brahman.
Traits: has both maternal and survival characteristics in a hot environment and produces a modern, lean, high quality beef product.
Charolais
Color(s): White to light straw
Horned/Polled: Both
Originated from (When & Where): Developed in France and introduced to the U.S. in 1936.
Traits: Heavy muscled breed, fast growth rate and feed efficiency.
Chianina
Color(s): White to a steel gray
Horned/Polled: Both
Originated from (When & Where): Originated in central Italy. Introduced to the U.S. in 1975.
Traits: Good feed efficiency, increased rate of gain, calving ease.
Gelbvieh
Color(s): No color Standards
Horned/Polled: Both
Originated from (When & Where): Originated in Germany and was introduced to the U.S. in 1971.
Traits: increased fertility, high milk ability, excellent growth rate, and good muscling.
Limousin
Color(s): Golden red to black
Horned/Polled: Both
Originated from (When & Where): originated from France and introduced to the U.S. in 1969.
Traits: Natural genetic ability to produce lean, flavorful beef in a variety of settings.
Maine Anjou
Color(s): Very dark red
with white spots (markings)
Horned/Polled: Both
Originated from (When &
Where): developed in
France, introduced to the
U.S. in 1969.
Traits: Yield extremely
lean, muscular carcasses.
Salers
Color(s): Dark mahogany red
Horned/Polled: Typically horned
Originated from (When & Where): Originated in France, introduced to the U.S. in 1972.
Traits: Calving ease, maternal efficiency, and carcass merit. Are capable of adapting to rough terrain and harsh climates.
Simmental
Color(s): Vary from red & white spots, to fawn or straw colored, to dark red or black.
Horned/Polled:
Originated from (When & Where): Originated in the Simme Valley of Switzerland. Introduced to the U.S. in 1967.
Traits: Acknowledged for both growth traits and maternal traits.
Tarentaise
Color(s): Red with dark pigmentation around eyes and orifices.
Horned/Polled: Horned
Originated from (When & Where): Originated in France, imported to the U.S. in 1973.
Traits: Known for their maternal traits, including fertility and high milking ability. Dairy breed in their natural region.
Texas Longhorn
Color(s): Various colors & color patterns
Horned/Polled: Horned
Originated from (When & Where): descendant of the Spanish cattle brought to the Americas by Christopher Columbus.
Traits: Longevity, hardiness, adaptability, light muscled, and produce calves with low birth weights.
Angus
Color(s): Black hair and skin
Horned/Polled: Polled
Originated from (When & Where): Originated in the Highlands of Northern Scotland, imported to the U.S. in 1873.
Traits: Maternal breed, these cattle are characterized by early sexual & compositional maturity, good milking ability, and excellent marbling.
Hereford & Polled Hereford
Color(s): brownish red with a white face, chest, underline, & switch.
Horned/Polled: Both
Originated from (When & Where): originated in England and was imported to the U.S. in 1817
Traits: Breed is docile and known for its longevity, early maturity, and good milking ability.
Red Angus
Color(s): Red
Horned/Polled: Naturally Polled
Originated from (When & Where): originated in the British Isles and was introduced to the U.S. in 1870
Traits: Carcass quality, maternal characteristics, calving ease, and moderate size.
Red Poll
Color(s): light to dark red in color
Horned/Polled: Polled
Originated from (When & Where): originated in England, imported to the U.S. in 1873.
Traits: maternal traits, carcass merit, and genetic consistency. Calves have been recognized for their rapid rate of gain.
Shorthorn
Color(s): Red, white, or roan.
Horned/Polled: Both
Originated from (When & Where): originated in England, imported to the U.S. in 1783. Polled shorthorns were developed in 1870.
Traits: Early maturing excellent milkers, and known for their good disposition.
REVIEW
Breed of cattle brought to the U.S. from Mexico by
Spanish explorers in the late 1800’s. has various
color patterns, very durable and can adapt well to
rough range conditions.
A. Brangus
B. Santa Gertrudis
C. Simmental
D. Texas Longhorn
Breed of cattle originating in England around the
1600. Originally developed as a dual purpose
breed for both meat and milk production. Red,
white or roan in color.
A. Angus
B. Charolais
C. Shorthorn
D. Simmental
Which breed of beef cattle originated in England.
Has a red body, with a white face, white on its
belly, legs, and switch. It can be horned or polled.
A. Angus
B. Beefmaster
C. Charolais
D. Hereford
Breed of cattle developed in Switzerland. Usually
have a cream-colored face with a light yellow, red
or spotted body. Large framed, heavy-muscled and
produce a lean carcass.
A. Beefmaster
B. Shorthorn
C. Simmental
D. Texas Longhorn
Breed of cattle developed around 1918 on the
King Ranch in Texas. A cross between Brahman and
Shorthorn.
A. Beefmaster
B. Hereford
C. Santa Gertrudis
D. Simmental
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