anatomy of midbrain & pons
Post on 22-May-2015
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Dr. Farah RezwanaHMO,Department of
Neurology,DMCH
DEVELOPMENTDEVELOPMENT
Pons:Pons: The pons develops from the anterior part of the metencephalon, but it also receives a cellular contribution from alar part of the myelencephalon.
Midbrain: Midbrain: The midbrain develops from mesencephalon. Cells within the midbrain multiply continually and be compressed to form cerebral aqueduct.
MidbrainMidbrainConnects the pons and cerebellum with the
forebrain.It is about 0.8 inch in lengthThe midbrain is traversed by a narrow
channel called cerebral aqueduct filled with CSF.
ANTERIOR SURFACEANTERIOR SURFACEAnteriorlyAnteriorly, it
presents two large bundles of fibers, one on each side of the midline, called crus crus cerebricerebri..
The oculomotor oculomotor nervenerve emerges from the medial aspect of the crus of the same side
The crus cerebri bounds the interpeduncular interpeduncular fossa fossa on either side.
POSTERIOR SURFACEPOSTERIOR SURFACE PosteriorlyPosteriorly, the midbrain
presents four rounded swellings called colliculi- colliculi- One SuperiorOne Superior and inferior inferior colliculi one on each side.
Each colliculus is laterally related to a ridge called brachium.brachium.o Superior and inferior Superior and inferior brachium brachium arises from respective colliculio Superior brachium connects the superior colliculus to lateral geniculate bodylateral geniculate bodyo Inferior brachium connects the inferior colluculus to medial geniculate bodymedial geniculate bodyo In the midline below the inferior colliculus, the trochlear nervetrochlear nerve emerges which then winds round the side of the midbrain to reach its ventral aspectventral aspect
Lateral view
The midbrain comprises two lateral halves called- Cerebral pedunclesCerebral peduncles; which is again divided into 1. anterior part- Crus cerebri 2. posterior part -Tegmentum by a pigmented band of gray matter, substantia nigrasubstantia nigra
The central narrow cavity is called the cerebral aqueduct or aqueduct of Sylvius, which connects the 3rd and 4th ventricles.
The tectum is the part of the midbrain posterior to the cerebral aqueduct; it has four small surface swellings referred to previously; these are two superior and two inferior colliculi.
TECTUM & TEGMENTUMTECTUM & TEGMENTUM
Transverse section at the Transverse section at the levellevel of of Superior Colliculi Superior Colliculi Superior colliculiSubstantia nigraOculomotor
nucleusRed nucleusMesencephalic
nucleus of trigeminal n.
Edgnger-westphal nucleus
TractsTractsMotorMotor
CorticospinalCorticonuclearTemporopontin
eFrontopontineMedial longitudinal fasciculasDecussation of rubrospinal
tract
SensorySensoryTrigeminalSpinalMedial
TransverseTransverse Section at the level Section at the level of Inferior Colliculiof Inferior Colliculi
Substantia nigra
Troclear nucleus
Mesencephalic nucleus of
trigeminal nerve
TractsTracts
MotorMotor Corticospinal Corticonuclear Temporopontine Frontopontine Medial
longitudinal fasciculas
SensorySensory Lateral Trigeminal Spinal Medial lemnisci Decussation of
superior cerebellar peduncles
Blood SupplyBlood Supply Artery –Artery –
posterior cerebral artery
superior cerebellar
artery basilar artery
Veins –Veins – Drained by
basal or great cerebral veins
PONSPONSIt is situated anteriorly to the cerebellum
measuring about 1 inch in length.Connects the medulla oblongata to the
midbrain.Its also connects two cerebellar hemispheres
and its name comes from this bridge like appearance.
Anterior surface of PonsAnterior surface of Pons Pons has a convex anterior surface marked
by transversely running fibers which laterally form a bundle called middle cerebellar peduncle.
Main Features:Main Features: The trigeminal nerve emerges from the anterior
surface at its junction with middle cerebellar peduncle.
Presents a basilar sulcus in the midline which lodges basilar artery
In the groove between Pons and the medulla oblongata, there emerge, from medial to lateral, abducent, facial and vestibulocochlear nerves.
Posterior SurfacePosterior Surface Posterior surface
contains median sulcus which is bounded by madial eminence on both sides.
Inferior end of medial eminence is slightly expanded to form facialfacial colliculuscolliculus, which is produced by facial nerve root.
The upper end of sulcus limitans presents a bluish-gray coloration called substantia substantia ferruginosaferruginosa..
Area vestibule liesArea vestibule lies lateral to sulcus limitans.
Structure of Pons Structure of Pons
Posterior part- Tegmentum
Anterior part- Basis pontis traversed by running fibers of Trapezoid body.
Transverse Section Through the Transverse Section Through the Cranial PartCranial Part
Motor nucleus of trigeminal n.Sensory nucleus of trigeminal n.Pontine nucleiTrapezoid nuclei
Tracts Tracts MotorMotor
CorticospinalCorticonuclearTransverse
pontine fibersMedial
longitudinal fasciculas
SensorySensoryLateralSpinalMedial
lemnisci
TransverseTransverse section through the section through the CaudalCaudal part part
Facial nucleusAbducent nucleusMedial vestibular nucleusSpinal nucleus of trigeminal nervePontine nucleiTrapezoid nuclei
TractsTracts MotorMotor
CorticospinalCorticonuclearTransverse
pontine fibersMedial
longitudinal fasciculas
SensorySensorySpinal tract of
trigemial nerveLateral Medial lemnisci
Blood SupplyBlood Supply
Thank You
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