acupuncture & acupressure

2/18/2015 1ANCY KURIAN I MSc.(N)

2/18/2015 2ANCY KURIAN I MSc.(N)

2/18/2015 3ANCY KURIAN I MSc.(N)

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BY Ms. ANCY KURIAN

I MSc.(N) STUDENT

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OVERVIEW

ACUPRESSURE

Definition & Principles

General Directions

Mechanism of Action

Acupressure points

Precautions

Side-effects

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OVERVIEW (Contd…)ACUPUNCTURE

Definition and History

Modalities used

Acupuncture needles

Effect of Acupuncture

Legal Issues

Complications and Contraindications

Nurses’ Responsibility

Implications in Mental illness

Acupuncture in India

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• Definition

Acupressure involves application of manual

pressure usually with fingertips to specific

points on the body.

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General Directions

• Use firm pressure

• Acupressure points are very sensitive areas

• Massage until numbness is felt

• No limit in the number of exercises per day.

• Increase the massage in intensity slowly.

• During massage ,client can sit or lie down and

breathe deeply.

• Client need not massage on his own.

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Basic Principles

1. Chinese philosophy believes that a person is healthy

when Qi flows evenly along the merdians

2. The root cause of all diseases is a disorder in this energy

vibration

3. It defines 12 merdians connected to 12 vital organs .

4. Any factor affects the flow ILLNESS

5. Imbalances caused Blockage /Leakage of energy

in particular channel

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Procedure

Administered by acupuncturist

often

Pressure increased for about 30

seconds, held steadily for 30 sec –

2 min.

Repeated 3- 5 times

Acupressure & acupuncture –

same active points

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MECHANISM OF ACTION

• Energy flows through the various channels irrigating and nourishing the tissues

• An obstruction in movement causes diseases and ailments

• Needling unblocks the obstructions and reestablish flow through merdians

• Acupuncture helps internal organs to correct imbalances in digestion,absorption and energy production.

• Stimulation of endorphins and hormones

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ACUPRESSURE POINTS

Selection of points by acupuncturist

Acupressure point sections

–Chest and Abdomen points

–Head,Scalp ,Shoulder points

–Arm and hand points

–Leg and feet points

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ACUPRESSURE POINTS ALONG THE MERDIANS

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Instruments used

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PRECAUTIONS

• Acupressure should never be painful

• Pressure should be gentle

• AVOID Osteoporosis, Bruising ,bleeding

disorders,Circulatory problems – Diabetes & in

Anticoagulant therapy/Antiplatelet medications(Warfarin)

Else can be done under supervision of a qualified therapist.

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Side-effects

• RARE

• Sorenes and temporary lightheadedness

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It is the treatment of various diseases

of the body ,carried out by inserting

very fine filiform needles or giving

heat to specific points on the body.

Latin ‘Acus’ - needle & ‘pungus’ -prick

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HISTORY

• Ancient Chinese medicine

about 5000 years old

• At that time – needles made

up of bones and bamboo were

used.

• Collective work - ‘Huang Di

Nei Jing ‘ – 3rd century B.C

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ACUPUNCTURE TREATMENT

• Detailed history

• Choosing of acupuncture points

• Usual length of treatment – 10-30 min.

• 1-2 times per week

ACUPUNCTURE POINTS 14 merdians, 360 acupuncture

points

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MODALITIES USED Electro-Acupuncture - Diabetes ,asthma,slip

disc,sciatica,migraine,addictions, deafness,menstrual disorders,azoospermia etc

He-Ne Laser Therapy – Children,elderly,debilitated and Hi-Fi patient

Moxibustion – Asthma,Rhinitis etc

Cupping/Fire cupping/Bekam Therapy

Catgut Embedding Therapy

Plum blossom Therapy.

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RISK RATIO• 0.05 per 10000 treatments or

• 0.55 per 10000 individual patients

• Risk of a serious adverse event is low

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ACUPUCTURE NEEDLES

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•Size- 0.12mm – 0.35mm in diameter

•Length - 1- 1.5 inch

• Standards for acupuncture needles

Specialised Acupuncture Needles

• Three-edged Needle

• Plum blossom needle

• Intradermal needle

• Press needles

• Ear seeds,press seeds and pellets

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Effect of ACUPUNCTURE

• Analgesic effect

• Sedative effect

• Homeostatic effect

• Effects on CNS

• Motor recovery

• Immunity enhancing

• Effects on blood vessels and blood

• Effects on Digestive system and respiratory system

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Legal Issues

• Hands of an unskilled practitioner

• Indirect regulations

o Drugs & poisoning scheduling

o Skin penetration regulations

o Therapeutic Goods Administration

• Choosing a practitioner

o Associate membership

o Qualifications

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Complications• Needle Dystocia

• Bent Needle

• Broken Needle

• Fainting

• Injury in internal organs

• Bleeding

• Infection

• Forgotten Needle

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CONTrAINDICATIONS• Acute Cardiac and congestive failureger

• Malignancies

• Surgical- intestinal obstruction etc

• Drugs

• Pregnancy

• Hemorrhagic diseases

• Miscellaneous – Very old patients,

Sweating profusely,After hot bath,afterfood,hungry patients, Debilitated and dying patients.

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IMPLICATIONS ON MENTAL ILLNESS

• DEPRESSION

• Water – Fear (Renal)

• Fire – Joy (Heart and Sleep )

• Wood –Anger (Aggression & Disappointment

• Metal – Grief (Respiratory)

• Earth – sympathy & empathy (Digestive)

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•ANXIETY DISORDERS

• Innate deficiency of heart and kidney

energies,excess of liver Qi

• Lack of communication between heart and the

kidneys

Stillness with prominent EEG readings,deep

relaxation and degree ofunresponsiveness to pain

stimuli

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• Insomnia –ncreasing production of serotonin

• Addiction – Improveis immune function,increases

working memory and prevents neurological disorders.

• Smoking – Auriculopuncture & electroacupuncture

• Alzheimer’s Disease – Verbal & motor skills

,cognitive and mood functions

• Parkinson’s Disease – Alleviate muscle

stiffness,soreness and tremors

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• Anorexia Nervosa – Restore functioning of vital

organs and other essential bodily functions

• Nocturnal Enuresis

• Mental Retardation – IQ Developed and Social

adaptation behaviour increased.

• Insomnia

• Phobias – Increased production of Endorphins,alleviates fears,anxieties and stress

• Schizophrenia

• Obsessive Compulsive Disorder- Dampness /Phlegm entities removed

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NURSES RESPONSIBILITY

Adequate information

Ensure sterilized needles

Proper history collection

Infection control

Careful count of needles

Documentation

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• Acupuncture –An Alternative Therapy

• Health Issues related

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DIFFERENCES BETWEEN ACUPUNCTURE & ACUPRESSURE

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ACUPUNCTURE IN INDIA

• Acupuncture CAM therapy Institute in India

• IANM

• IGNOU – PG Diploma courses

• Indian Academy of acupuncture science,Aurangabad

• Indian Board of Alternative Medicine

• TRAINING

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CONCLUSION

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• “The future of acupuncturedoes not lie with

the west or east but with the third world

where one in three die from diseases or

poverty before the age of five ,five million

each year”. The third world cannot afford

western medicine.

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