140828 creativity problem solving for senior engineers/scientists in a government department, hong...

Annita Mau 繆少群

annitaskmau@yahoo.com.hk

28 Aug 2014

Innovative Problem Solving in

the Workplace for a Govt Dept

創意解難

今日?

今日

O由創意到創新

O創意力

O創意解難

O創意遊戲

甚麼是創意?

甚麼是創新?

創 意 之 旅

“Life is trying things to see if they work." Ray Bradbury

When you come to a roadblock,

take a detour. -Mary Kay Ash

It's not that I'm so smart, it's just

that I stay with problems longer. - Albert Einstein

Creative Problem Solving

is not a destination….. It is a journey….

“Life is a continuous exercise in

creative problem solving.”

-Michael J. Gelb

Mind gym: exercises

遊戲1

O2分鐘內

O想出萬字夾有甚麼用途?

O愈多愈好

遊戲2

O以下那個圖型跟其他圖型不相同?為甚麼?

遊戲2

O以下那個圖型跟其他圖型不相同?為甚麼?

遊戲3

O假如房間內本來是直線變成曲線, 有甚麼改善?

遊戲4

O聯想這些圖型代表甚麼?

遊戲4

O聯想這些圖型代表甚麼?

遊戲5

O憑記憶,用筆畫出放在家中任何一個鐘的鐘面設計?

遊戲6

O你是營業員, 如何推銷下列新創意產品?

1. 玻璃保齡球

2. 水泥枕頭

遊戲7

O外出午餐時, 發現一件從未見過的事

午飯時間

遊戲7

O外出午餐時, 發現一件從未見過的事

O流暢力

O變通力

O彈力

O聯想力

O敏銳力

O精進力

O觀察力

解決問題 ......

解決問題四步曲 Donald Treffinger

• Divergent thinking 找尋事實 Facts finding

• Convergent thinking 找尋問題 Problem finding

• Divergent thinking 找尋意念 Ideas finding

• Convergent thinking 找尋答案 Solution finding

A new public middle school in

Ohio

1. 找尋事實 Facts finding: How does sound travel

through materials? What materials reduce noise the

most?

2. 找尋問題 Problem finding: Anticipating all potential

pitfalls so their designs are more likely to work

3. 找尋意念 Ideas finding: Drapes, plants, large kites

hung from the ceiling which baffle sound. Masking

the sound by playing the sound of a gentle

waterfall

4. 找尋答案 Solution finding: Which ideas were the

most effective, cheapest, aesthetically? Fiberglass

absorbed sound the best but would not be safe.

Would an aquarium with fish be easier than water-filled panes?

Group exercise

假如你是一家環保顧問公司……

解決問題四步曲

• Divergent thinking 找尋事實

Facts finding

遊戲8

O畫一個直徑5 cm的圓圈,

用筆將圓圈塗滿

遊戲9

O你對圖中手推車設計的意見

遊戲9

O你對圖中手推車設計的意見

遊戲10

O下列那樣東西跟其他東西不同?

袋子

杯子

O過往經驗、習慣、假設

O負面批評

O執著正確

解決問題 ......

解決問題四步曲

•Divergent thinking

找尋事實

Facts finding

•Convergent thinking

找尋問題

Problem finding

創意工具?

Brainstorming Alex Osborn

Useful when

O You need to break out of established patterns

of thinking

O You want to develop new ways of looking at

things

O You need to develop new opportunities

O You want to improve the service you offer

O Try to open up possibilities, break down wrong

assumptions

Judgment, analysis, criticism

遊戲1

O2分鐘內

O想出萬字夾有甚麼用途?

O愈多愈好

Brainstorming

Individual

O Wide range of ideas

O No need to worry about people

ego and opinions

O More freely creative

O Use mind mapping

Group

O Effective as it uses the

experience and creativity of all

members

O Another member creativity and

experience can take the first

member idea to the next stage

O Develop ideas in more depth

O Risky for individuals

O Valuable but strange

suggestions may appear stupid

at first sight

O Therefore, facilitator is important

Tony Buzan

Attribute listing

To develop a new product, new service

解決問題四步曲

• Divergent thinking 找尋事實 Facts finding

• Convergent thinking 找尋問題 Problem finding

• Divergent thinking 找尋意念 Ideas finding

創意工具?

Keep a Happy Notebook to

Synthesize ideas

Rem

ember to In

vent

the Post-It Note

Tomm

orrow!!

Need

a glue tha

t's

not very sticky

®

“Chance favours the prepared mind.”

–Louis Pasteur

還有……

OSWOT

OGrid Analysis (柵欄分析法)

OPaired Comparison Method (成對比較分析法)

ODecision Tree (決策樹)

解決問題四步曲 Donald Treffinger

• Divergent thinking 找尋事實 Facts finding

• Convergent thinking 找尋問題 Problem finding

• Divergent thinking 找尋意念 Ideas finding

• Convergent thinking 找尋答案 Solution finding

解決問題四步曲

找尋

事實

找尋

問題

找尋

意念

找尋

答案

Group presentation

Ideas

Skills Mindset

O好奇心

O挑戰心

O冒險心

O恆心

O善心 (正向的心)

甚麼是創意?

甚麼是創新?

創意?

http://onefunnyjoke.com/2013/10/05/%E5%AE%8C%E

5%85%A8%E7%84%A1%E7%94%A8%E3%80%81%E5%AE

%8C%E5%85%A8%E6%83%A1%E6%90%9E%E7%9A%84%

E6%97%A5%E6%9C%AC%E7%8F%8D%E9%81%93%E5%8

5%B7/

創新?

http://onefunnyjoke.com/2013/07/10/10%E5%80%8B%

E8%A9%AD%E7%95%B0%E4%BD%86%E5%85%B6%E5%A

F%A6%E9%82%84%E9%A0%97%E5%AF%A6%E7%94%A8

%E7%9A%84%E6%97%A5%E6%9C%AC%E5%95%86%E5

%93%81/

創新……

解決問題 ......

希慎廣場@空中花園

Last challenge …

or the first challenge …

OBefore leaving the

room...

請將下列的九個點連起來，

最多不能超過四條直線。

筆不能離紙，而且畫過的線不能再重複經過。

At last…

記住問多D問題

Books

Gelatt, H.B., (1991) Creative Decision Making, UK: Kogan Page.

Johnson, Steven, (2010) Where Good Ideas Come From, USA: Riverhead.

Lehrer, Jonah, (2012) Imagine: How Creativity Works, US: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt.

Michalko, M. (1991) Thinkertoys, USA: Ten Speed Press.

500 Ways to change the World, Global Ideas Bank, 2005

All books of Edward de Bono

詹宏志 (1996) 「創意人」台北: 麥田出版.

賴聲川 (2011) 「創意學」台北: 天下出版.

Web sites

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Problem_solving

http://schoolnet.gov.mt/thinkingskills/thinkingtools.htm

http://www.learnerslink.com/SixThinkingHats.htm http://www.brainstorming.co.uk/quotes/creativequotations.html http://www.debonosociety.com Shop http://www.lostnfound.hk/ Apps Creative Ideas

參考書目、網站、商店、Apps