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2008/SOM3/SCSC/CONF/036
The Use of Standards and Its Impact on the Agribusiness Sector: The Peruvian Experience
Submitted by: Peru
7th Conference on Standards and ConformanceCusco, Peru
10-11 August 2008
The use of standards and its impact in the agribusiness sector: The Peruvian experience
Mr. Augusto MelloTechnical Secretary
Technical and Commercial Regulations Commission
SUCCESSFUL EXPERIENCE
Peru is a world leader in asparagus
• World’s leading exporter of asparagus
• World’s leading exporter of fresh asparagus
• World’s 2nd largest exporter of canned asparagus
• World’s 2nd largest producer: 27,000 Ha (Census 2008)
• Highest yield in the world
• In 2008 asparagus was appointed as an emblematic Peruvian product (ProductoBandera)
• Asparagus industry generates jobs for 60,000 people, half of which are women
Peru is competitive in yield per Ha.
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
12,000
Kg/
Ha
Average Yields
PeruNetherlandsAustraliaChinaChileGreeceU.S.MexicoSpainWorld
Source: USDA FAS Peru 2007
Agro exports – 2007Main Products (US$ Million)
Source: MINAG/SUNAT
Position Products Volume Valor Particip. Particip.1000 TM Mil US$ Valor FOB acumulada
2,1851 Green coffee 174 427 19.5%2 Fresh Asparagus 96 236 10.8% 30.3%3 Canned Asparagus 59 156 7.1% 37.5%4 Evaporated Milk 51 65 3.0% 40.4%5 Artichoke 29 64 2.9% 43.4%6 Fresh mangoes 82 63 2.9% 46.3%7 Paprika chili 23 56 2.6% 48.9%8 Wood 40 55 2.5% 51.4%9 Fresh grapes 26 55 2.5% 53.9%
10 Avocados 38 47 2.2% 56.0%11 Animal feed for preparation 73 45 2.1% 58.1%12 Fine Fiber 3 33 1.5% 59.6%13 Bananas 65 31 1.4% 61.1%14 Piquillo pepper 17 31 1.4% 62.5%15 Frozen Asparagus 12 30 1.4% 63.9%
Subtotal 1,396 63.9%
Beginning of Standardsdevelopment
Peru: Asparagus Exports (US $ FOB 1998-2007)
050,000,000
100,000,000150,000,000200,000,000250,000,000300,000,000350,000,000400,000,000450,000,000
1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007
US$
Source: SUNAT / ADEX Prepared by: Inform@ccion
VALUE (US$) 1998 2006 2007 Part % 98 Part % 07 Var % (98-07) Var % (06-07)FRESH $35.70 $187.00 $235.10 28% 56% 559% 26%CANNED $77.80 $104.30 $154.30 61% 37% 98% 48%FROZEN $14.10 $26.60 $30.20 11% 7% 114% 14%TOTAL $127.60 $317.90 $419.60 100% 100% TOTAL 32%
Markets for Peruvian Fresh Asparagus in 2007
Source: PROMPERU
Asparagus: Key Factors of Change and Success
• Trade – Production Associations
• Investment and private innovation (logistics, new product presentations and packaging, others)
• Use of modern technology
• Standards: Development and implementation
• Food safety and quality assurance
• Strategic Alliances between public and private sectors
• Climate conditions: year round production
Standardization (Quality)
• 1998: Asparagus National Technical Committee (TC)
• TC initiative of producers and exporters supported by public sector (INDECOPI, PROMPERU)
• PROMPERU held the TC Secretariat. Stakeholders: producers, exporters, consumers, the academic sector and other public and private institutions
• Three sub committees: Fresh Asparagus, Canned Asparagus and Frozen Asparagus
• From 1998 to 2007: 11 standards (harmonized with CODEX and ISO)
Some important NTP:
• NTP 209.401:2001 ASPARAGUS. Hygiene practices for manufacturing asparagus
• NTP 209.402:2003ASPARAGUS. Good Agricultural Practices (BPA for its acronym in Spanish)
• NTP 011.109:2008ASPARAGUS. Fresh asparagus. Requirements
• NTP 209.406:2008CANNED ASPARAGUS. Requirements.
• NTP BPA Asparagus has been a reference for NTP BPA hortifruitcultural sector
Overview Peruvian Technical Standards (NTP)
NTP BPA Asparagus NTP BPA Hortifruitcultural
• NTP in asparagus industry good quality products
• Asparagus factories with suitable infrastructure
• Exporters assure innocuity and high quality for the demanding markets
• Support for the application of HACCP system in the national food industry
• TC in international standardization: Codex Committee on fruits and vegetables (Mexico); and 24 ° Session of the Codex Alimentarius Commission (Geneva)
• Model to be adopted for other export products
Why is the National Technical Committee (TC) important for business?
NTP Asparagus BPA
PROMPERU IPEH
Award for promoting development
ADEX: Exporters AssociationAGAP: Association of Peruvian Producers and Agroexporters Guilds
Peruvian Institute of Asparagus and Vegetables (IPEH)
Strategic Alliances in fresh asparagus
Facilitator and strategic partner: Government
PrivateAssociation “Frío Aéreo”
Importers Association Fresh Asparagus
Agriculture Association
Ica
APTCH Producers AssociationChavimochic
Terminal Market
ADEXAGAP
Production Area Other Associations
XII International Asparagus SymposiumLima - Peru
• Every 4 years:USA – 1997Japan - 2001 Netherlands – 2005Peru - 2009
• Coordination: International Society for Horticultural Science, ISHS – www.ishs.org
• In Peru organized by Peruvian Institute of Asparagus and Vegetables
www.ipeh.org
SUCCESSFUL EXPERIENCE
PERUVIAN
COFFEE
The importance of Peruvian Coffee
• Main agricultural export product of Peru
• Cultivation is concentrated in Arabica Coffee (conventional coffee)
• World demand for special coffee has increased. Consumption preferences: gourmet and health oriented foods
• 1996: Peru ranked 15 among exporting countries; 2006: 6th place in the ranking
• 150 thousand families are producers and 2 million people depend on coffee sector growth.
• Until the year 2000 the US was historically the largest buyer of Peruvian coffee.
• In 2000 Germany became the largest buyer of Peruvian coffee (32%), followed by the US (22 %).
Importance of Peruvian Coffee
Peru: Coffee exports (Thousands tons 1994-2006)
Source: PROMPERU
62.2
104.6 100.1 98114.4
144.4 143.2159.9 167.6
150.4
191.1
142.1
238
0
50
100
150
200
250
1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006
Years
Thou
sand
s To
ns
3 NTP7 NTP 2 NTP
4 NTP 3 NTP
3 NTP
1 NTP
3 NTP
3 NTP
Markets for Peruvian Coffee in 2007
Source: PROMPERU
BACKGROUND
• 1960s Peruvian coffee was purchased under particular brands (E.g.: Netra, Lanco)
• 1970s and 80s purchases based on a description of the production process (MC and MCM) and on the production area
• The description of the production process was confusing potential buyers were cautious (sporadic and inconsistent demand)
• 1990s two associations arise: The Peruvian Chamber of Coffee (1991) and the National Coffee Board (1993). Goals: promotion, dissemination, training and project implementation related to coffee exports.
• Until 2005 discount of US$ 4.00 per QQ for delivery to the New York Board of Trade.
• In July 2005, based on the quality improvement of Peruvian coffee, the discount is eliminated. Benefits to exports in over US$ 20 million per year.
• Between 2002 and 2005 the enterprise KRAFT replaced Colombian for Peruvian coffee in LUFTHANSA airline.
• Main coffee brands in the world (Starbucks, Lavazza, Folgers, Jacobs, Dunkin Donuts, etc.) offer Peruvian coffee in their markets.
BACKGROUND
Standardization (Quality)
• 1998: Coffee National Technical Committee (TC)
• TC initiative of producers and exporters supported by public sector (INDECOPI, PROMPERU)
• PROMPERU, secretariat of the TC. Stakeholders involved: producers, exporters, consumers, academic sector and other public and private institutions
• From 1998 to 2007: 23 Peruvian Technical Standards (NTP), harmonized with ISO
• The TC participates in international standardization: ISO TC 34/SC 15 - Coffee
Peru in International Standardization of Coffee
Some important NTP are
• NTP 209.311:2003 SPECIALTY COFFEE. Requirements
• NTP 209.312:2006 COFFEE. Good practices for the prevention of mould formation
• NTP 209.027:2007 GREEN COFFEE. Requirements
• NTP ISO 10470:2006 GREEN COFFEE. Defect reference chart
• NTP ISO 9116:2006 GREEN COFFEE. Guidelines on methods of specification
Overview Peruvian Technical Standards (NTP)
• NTP in coffee industry good quality products
• Before standardization: “filler” (third category)
• After standardization: main ingredient in the mixtures of major international coffee toasters
• Peruvian coffee exports have grown (as has its demand). Access to the main world coffee markets
• Based on NTP 209.027 GREEN COFFEE. Requirements, The Peruvian Chamber of Coffee has developed over 80 training courses for producers
• From 1998 to 2007 Peruvian coffee exports increased from 2,500,000 QQ to 5,100,000 QQ
Why is the TC important for Business?
Strategic Alliances
Facilitator and strategic partner: Government
Producers, exporters and industry
Markets
Peruvian Chamber of Coffee National
Coffee Board
THANK YOU VERY MUCH!
Augusto Melloamello@indecopi.gob.pe
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